{"id":102372,"date":"2023-06-19T01:09:20","date_gmt":"2023-06-19T05:09:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=102372"},"modified":"2023-06-18T17:39:58","modified_gmt":"2023-06-18T21:39:58","slug":"%e6%b2%88%e9%98%b3%ef%bc%9a%e5%85%ac%e4%b9%89%e4%b8%8e%e8%89%af%e5%96%84%ef%bc%9a%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e6%b0%91%e4%b8%bb%e7%9a%84%e5%8d%81%e5%ad%97%e6%9e%b6%e8%b7%af%e6%a0%87%ef%bc%88%e4%b9%a6%e7%b1%8d-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=102372","title":{"rendered":"\u6c88\u9633\uff1a\u516c\u4e49\u4e0e\u826f\u5584\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u8def\u6807\uff08\u4e66\u7c4d\u8fde\u8f7d\u4e8c\uff09\u81ea\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-102374\" src=\"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/06182-300x109.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"109\" 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27\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u88ab\u4f17\u6240\u7eb7\u7ead\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u3001\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u66f4\u662f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u6837\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u653f\u6cbb\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u601d\u60f3\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8bed\u201cLiberales\u201d\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73b0\u57281812\u5e74\u7684\u897f\u73ed\u7259\uff0c1816\u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u6258\u5229\u515a\u4eba\u4ee5\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u79f0\u547c\u6765\u8d2c\u4f4e\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c1822\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u8bd7\u4eba\u62dc\u4f26(GeorgeGordon)\u548c\u96ea\u83b1\uff08PercyByssheSelley\uff09\u7b49\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f46\u5f71\u54cd\u751a\u5fae\u3002\u76f4\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u624d\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4e5f\u5373\u5982\u300a\u6b63\u4e49\u4e00\u5143\u8bba\uff1a\u4ece\u6c11\u60c5\u5230\u6cd5\u653f\u300b\uff08\u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e2012\u5e743\u6708\u7248\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7406\u5b66\u534f\u4f1a2014\u5e748\u6708\u7248\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u6240\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\u7acb\u5baa\u65f6\u4ee3\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u6b27\u7f8e\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u675c\u64b0\u7684\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u88ab\u5938\u5927\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u81f3\u5c11\u5206\u91ce\u4e3a\u4e86\u65af\u5bc6\uff08Adam Smith\uff09\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08Classicalliberalism\uff09\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u65b0\u671f\u6240\u5f00\u521b\u5e76\u88ab\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\uff08JohnBordleyRawls\uff09\u6240\u53d1\u626c\u5149\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49(newdealliberalism)\u6216\u73b0\u4ee3\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49(modernliberalism)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u54c8\u8036\u514b\uff08FriedrichAugustvonHayek\uff09\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08Neoliberalism\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u201c\u65b0\u653f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5728\u653f\u754c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u968f\u610f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4eba\u66f4\u662f\u4fe8\u7136\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u5f53\u521d\u5974\u96b6\u5236\u79ef\u6781\u634d\u536b\u8005\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u9ad8\u8c03\u62a8\u51fb\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\uff08\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u4fb5\u72af\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u88d4\u4eba\u6743\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8fdb\u5165\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u56fd\u9645\u901a\u884c\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u62d9\u4f5c\u300a\u6539\u9769\u53cc\u8f68\u8bba\uff1a1992\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u51b2\u7a81\u53ca\u8c03\u8bd5\u300b\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7406\u5b66\u534f\u4f1a2014\u5e7411\u6708\u7248\uff09\u4e4b\u201c\u81ea\u5e8f\u201d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u5baa\u653f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u653f\u515a\u8f6e\u66ff\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u65b0\u95fb\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u56db\u5927\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u800c\u300a\u6b63\u4e49\u4e00\u5143\u8bba\u300b\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u771f\u5baa\u653f\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u5907\u5982\u4e0b\u8981\u7d20\uff1a1.\u6253\u7834\u5076\u50cf\u5d07\u62dc\uff08\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5d07\u62dc\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u7acb\u771f\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff1b2.\u7ed3\u675f\u5784\u65ad\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u591a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\uff1b3.\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5206\u6743\u5236\u8861\uff0c\u4ee5\u6743\u529b\u5236\u8861\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5404\u6743\u529b\u5bf9\u5baa\u6cd5\u8d1f\u8d23\uff1b4.\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u4e0e\u5236\u8861\uff0c\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u5e73\u8861\uff1b5.\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u4fdd\u969c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4eba\u3001\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u793e\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u719f\u7684\u201c\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u6216\u8005\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6253\u7834\u5076\u50cf\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u786e\u7acb\u771f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u201d\u88ab\u5217\u4e3a\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u56e0\u5982\u4e0b\u7cfb\u5217\u201c\u8bba\u7406\u201d\uff1a\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f1a\u5fc5\u987b\u56de\u5f52\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u4e3a\u672c\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6559\u5ef7\u4e0d\u662f\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6551\u6069\u5fc5\u7136\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u8036\u7a23\u57fa\u7763\u767d\u767d\u7684\u6069\u5178\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u548c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u786e\u8ba4\u798f\u97f3\u4e3a\u5b97\u65e8\u800c\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u624d\u5177\u6709\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u7267\u5e08\u4e0d\u662f\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u70ed\u60c5\u62e5\u62b1\u653f\u6559\u5206\u7acb\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u539f\u5219\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u5b89\u6392\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u541b\u4e3b\u4e0d\u662f\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\u3001\u4eba\u6c11\u4e3b\u6743\u548c\u4ee3\u8bae\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u7406\u8bba\u624d\u4ea7\u751f\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e0d\u662f\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e24\u9662\u5236\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u548c\u8fdd\u5baa\u5ba1\u67e5\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u603b\u7edf\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u7acb\u6cd5\u5426\u51b3\u6743\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u662f\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f3a\u8c03\u65b0\u95fb\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u7ed3\u793e\u81ea\u7531\uff1b\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e0d\u662f\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u81ea\u753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