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    \u53ea\u8981\u4e2d\u5171\u4e0d\u516c\u5f00\u653e\u5f03\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u8fd9\u5f20\u6700\u540e\u7684\u76ae\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u653b\u5b88\u4e4b\u6001\u52bf\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u9093\u6b7b\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5de6\u6d3e\u5373\u6380\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u9635\u9635\u201c\u4e07\u8a00\u4e66\u201d\u6076\u6d6a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u660e\u8bc1\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u9047\u5230\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u516d\u56db\u4e4b\u540e\u90a3\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5927\u56de\u6f6e\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u7edd\u65e0\u53ef\u80fd\u7684
    
    \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4ecd\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5411\u524d\u8d70\u7684\u7eca\u811a\u77f3\u3002
    
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8c61\u5c61\u6251\u5c61\u8d77\u7684\u201c\u4e07\u8a00\u4e66\u201d\u5f0f\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u56de\u6f6e\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f7b\u5e95\u6392\u9664\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u6df1\u5316\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e3a\u6d88\u9664\u5927\u9646\u4e0e\u53f0\u3001\u6e2f\u4e2d\u534e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5708\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u5408\u7684\u6700\u5927\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u4e3a\u9020\u798f\u4e8e\u540e\u4ee3\u5b50\u5b59\uff0c\u5f53\u4eca\u4e4b\u8ba1\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u518d\u6b21\u796d\u8d77\u9093\u593a\u534e\u56fd\u950b\u7684\u6743\u65f6\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u5200\u201d—-\u201c\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u771f\u7406\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u201c\u5b9e\u8df5\u6807\u51c6\u201d\u7528\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u672c\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bc5\u7136\u626c\u5f03\u672a\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b9e\u8df5\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0e\u9a6c\u5217\u6bdb\u5171\u4ea7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u516c\u5f00\u51b3\u88c2\uff0c\u7528\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u5185\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u75db\u4e0b\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e00\u4e86\u767e\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u5960\u7acb\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u8d8a\u8fc7\u6539\u9769\u7684\u4ea7\u6743\u201c\u4e34\u754c\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\u7684\u6765\u56de\u632f\u8361\uff0c\u5de6\u53f3\u6447\u6446\u7684\u4e0d\u4e8c\u6cd5\u4eec\u3002 \u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u5171\u6446\u8131\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u51fa\u8def\u3002
    
    \u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e0a\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u56fd\u6559\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u601d\u60f3\u624d\u6709\u5408\u6cd5\u51fa\u73b0\u548c\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u7a33\u56fa\u7684\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u53d8\u8fc1\u624d\u6709\u6cd5\u7406\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u88ab\u5171\u4ea7\u5236\u5ea6\u541e\u5e76\u7684\u9634\u5f71\u624d\u4f1a\u5f7b\u5e95\u626b\u9664\u3002
    
    
    \u4e8c\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5206\u758f\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u7ec4
    
    
    \u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u629b\u5f03\u5171\u4ea7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u8868\u91cc\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6c47\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u65e0\u7591\uff0c\u5728\u653e\u5f03\u5171\u4ea7\u7684\u865a\u9970\u62db\u724c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u9636\u5c42\u6301\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u6216\u5229\u76ca\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u6d77\u5916\u8bf8\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ea4\u76f8\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5c06\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u601d\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7eb7\u81f3\u6c93\u6765\u4e94\u5f69\u7f24\u7eb7\u7684\u591a\u5143\u5316\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u773c\u82b1\u7f2d\u4e71\u76ee\u4e0d\u6687\u63a5\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u66fe\u5177\u4f53\u63cf\u7ed8\u8fc7\u7684\u5df2\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6216\u660e\u6216\u6697\u5730\u6d41\u4f20\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u601d\u6f6e\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u201c\u8d85\u8d8a\u201d\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\u5f0f\u7684\u201c\u5236\u5ea6\u521b\u65b0\u201d\u8bba\u3001\u6bdb\u6c0f\u65b0\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u65b0\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u3001\u65b0\u5112\u5bb6\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u4e09\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u9093\u6c0f\u65b0\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u592a\u5b50\u515a\u7eb2\u9886\u7684\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3001\u5f3a\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u53cd\u897f\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u5206\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u8054\u90a6\u4e3b\u4e49\u2475……\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8a00\u7981\u677e\u5f1b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5fc5\u5c06\u7c89\u58a8\u767b\u573a\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7ade\u4e89\u4e00\u5e2d\u4e4b\u5730\u3002
    
    \u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u591a\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u903b\u8f91\u5f80\u5f80\u5bfc\u81f4\u653f\u515a\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u517c\u5e76\u9010\u6e10\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u4e24\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u591a\u5143\u6df7\u6742\u65f6\u671f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5c06\u4f7f\u601d\u60f3\u754c\u9010\u6e10\u5f52\u5316\u7ec4\u5408\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e09\u5bb6\u4e3b\u8981\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c06\u88ab\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u751a\u81f3\u6d88\u58f0\u533f\u8ff9\u3002
    
    \u6211\u4eec\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7ade\u4e89\u7ec4\u5408\u4e4b\u540e\u5c06\u51fa\u73b0\u600e\u6837\u4e00\u5e45\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7248\u56fe\uff1f
    
    \u7b14\u8005\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u63a8\u6d4b\u662f\uff0c\u5c4a\u65f6\u5c06\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u517c\u5e76\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u8425\u5792(\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8425\u5792\u548c\u975e\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u8425\u5792)\u4ee5\u53ca\u56db\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u601d\u6f6e\u3002
    
    (\u4e00)\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8425\u5792\u4e2d
    
    1) \u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49(Social Democracy)\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u56fd\u9645\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u4f59\u7eea\u3002\u5949\u4e1a\u5df2\u4f5c\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u65d7\u5e1c\uff0c\u5b9e\u5373\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u4f20\u7edf\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u6709\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0e\u798f\u5229\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u5171\u9e23\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u7279\u522b\u6b23\u8d4f\u5317\u6b27\u5f0f\u7684\u798f\u5229\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u5e94\u5f53\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u8fc7\u53bb\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u5bb6\u5185\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49(Democratic Socialism)\u201d\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u5373\u4ecd\u4e3b\u5f20\u9700\u8981\u56fd\u5bb6\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u516c\u6709\u5236\u201d\u4e3a\u5176\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u5b9e\u884c\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3b\u5f20\u4ee3\u8bae\u5236\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u591a\u5143\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u798f\u5229\u56fd\u5bb6\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u9ad8\u7a0e\u6536\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u5168\u6c11\u5065\u5eb7\u4fdd\u9669\u7b49\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e0b\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u75be\u82e6\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u6f6e\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u4e0b\u9636\u5c42\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u5de5\u4eba\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002
    
    2)\u7ecf\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49(Liberalism)\u3002\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u4e3a\u8bc9\u6c42\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u82f1\u7f8e\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u8ba4\u540c\u4ee5\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u6e0a\u6e90\u7684\u6e10\u8fdb\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u5177\u76f8\u5bf9\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u5e76\u5f3a\u8c03\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7126\u70b9\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u5229\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6743\u3002\u5927\u4f53\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u9636\u5c42\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002
    
    (\u4e8c)\u5728\u654c\u89c6\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8425\u5792\u4e2d
    
    1) \u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u5f0f\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49(Deng\\’s Authoritarianism)\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u8bae\u8bba\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u6743\u5a01\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u6216\u201c\u65b0\u4e13\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(New Authoritarianism)\u3002\u9093\u4ee5\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u5b9e\u529b\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\u5f3a\u884c\u63a8\u884c\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u8f83\u4e4b\u9093\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u7684\u674e\u5149\u8000\u5728\u5176\u201c\u4e9a\u6d32\u4ef7\u503c\u201d(Asian Values)\u8bba\u4e2d\u8868\u8ff0\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u5b83\u6781\u7aef\u5f3a\u8c03\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u63a8\u5d07\u96c6\u4f53\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u5f3a\u8c03\u5c0a\u91cd\u56fd\u60c5\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5173\u5fc3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u56fd\u529b\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u91c7\u53d6\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u4e9a\u6d32\u5bb6\u957f\u5f0f\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5927\u4f53\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0a\u5c42\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u548c\u5bcc\u6709\u5de5\u5546\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002
    
    2)\u9093\u529b\u7fa4\u7b49\u7684\u6bdb\u6c0f\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49(Mao\\’s Totalitarianism)\u3002\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u5185\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u6bdb\u6c0f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u2476\u3002\u5728\u5185\u653f\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e3b\u5f20\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6062\u590d\u201c\u53cd\u4fee\u201d\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6bdb\u6c0f\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49(Totalitarianism)\uff1a\u56fd\u6709\u5236\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u5168\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4e00\u5143\u5316\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u53cd\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e13\u5236\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u59ff\u6001\u3002\u5b83\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e2d\u5171\u5b98\u50da\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u515a\u5de5\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u6fc0\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u6c5f\u6cb3\u65e5\u4e0b\u7684\u6bdb\u65f6\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u201c\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u201d\u4ee3\u8a00\u4eba\u81ea\u5c45\u3002
    
    \u4eba\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u5927\u4e3b\u8981\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u8425\u5792\u6fc0\u70c8\u7ade\u4e89\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5404\u8425\u5792\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0d\u592a\u88ab\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u57fa\u70b9\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u5176\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u8981\u6210\u4e3a\u4f17\u6240\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u5e94\u662f\u524d\u8ff0\u8425\u5792\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u80dc\u8d1f\u5df2\u660e\u663e\u89c1\u5206\u6653\u4e4b\u540e\u3002
    
    \u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u6b67\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u81ea\u7531\u8425\u5792\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6bdb\u7b26\u53f7\u4e0e\u9093\u7b26\u53f7\u4e4b\u4e89\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f83\u65e9\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ddd\u79bb\u6743\u529b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u592a\u8fd1\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u8fdc\u4e3a\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u7f18\u6545\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u6bdb\u548c\u9093\u4e24\u79cd\u9057\u4ea7\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u201c\u5de6\u3001\u53f3\u201d\u4e4b\u4e89\u3002\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u9093\u529b\u7fa4\u7b49\u4eba\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u76f8\u5f53\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u4e8e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u672c\u8eab\u7edd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u5927\u6c14\u5019\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd9\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4e2d\u5171\u4e3b\u6d41\u6d3e\u7528\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u548c\u6291\u5236\u515a\u5185\u5f00\u660e\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u5149\u8c31\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8303\u56f4\u88ab\u6743\u529b\u5f53\u5c40\u6846\u9650\u5728\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5185\u9020\u6210\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u6070\u597d\u4f7f\u5f53\u5c40\u81ea\u8eab\u770b\u6765\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u7406\u6027\u800c\u4e0d\u504f\u6fc0\u7684\u4e2d\u5eb8\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u5ea6\u3002
    
    \u53ea\u6709\u7fe6\u9664\u4e86\u6bdb\u6c0f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u9093\u529b\u7fa4\u7b49\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u74e6\u89e3\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5149\u8c31\u624d\u4ea7\u751f\u6574\u4f53\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5c06\u5448\u73b0\u4e8e\u5149\u8c31\u5de6\u7aef\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u975e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u6027\u624d\u88ab\u51f8\u663e\u4e8e\u5149\u5929\u82b1\u65e5\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002
    
    \u9664\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u8425\u5792\u4e2d\u7684\u6d3e\u522b\u5206\u6b67\u503c\u5f97\u91cd\u89c6\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8425\u5792\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u6d41\u6d3e\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9887\u582a\u73a9\u5473\u7684\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6bdb(\u6781\u6743)\u4e3b\u4e49\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u6781\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u9093\u6c0f\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u6784\u6210\u4e24\u6781\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u6c34\u706b\u4e0d\u5bb9\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u9093\u6c0f\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6bdb(\u6781\u6743)\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5404\u81ea\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u8425\u5792\uff0c\u5374\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u82e5\u5e72\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u8840\u7f18\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u5408\u540e\u6784\u6210\u7684\u65b0\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u4ef7\u503c\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u3002
    
    \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u5927\u8425\u5792\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6d41\u6d3e\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u9576\u5d4c\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5149\u8c31\u7248\u56fe\u7684\u5e95\u8272\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u53ef\u4e0e\u5f88\u591a\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5171\u5b58\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u51b7\u6218\u540e\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u571f\u58e4\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd1\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u521b\u4f24\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6d3e\u522b\u51fa\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u6218\u7565\u7684\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u81ea\u8eab\u90fd\u4e0d\u613f\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u60c5\u7eea\u5bf9\u7acb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u8fdc\u8fd1\u4eb2\u758f\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002
    
    \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56db\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u7ed3\u76df\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u5f0f\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002
    
    
    
    \u4e09\u3001\u5404\u4e3b\u8981\u793e\u4f1a\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u53d6\u5411
    
    
    \u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u758f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5404\u4e2a\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4ea7\u751f\u660e\u663e\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6bdb\u65f6\u4ee3\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u4e0e\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u4e24\u6781\u5bf9\u7acb\u6001\u52bf\u6709\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u89c2\u5ff5\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u52a0\u5267\u840e\u7f29\u8fd9\u4e00\u666e\u904d\u7279\u5f81\u5916\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5404\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u53d6\u5411\u5448\u591a\u5143\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5982\u679c\u62bd\u51fa\u5f53\u4eca\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\uff0c\u7740\u91cd\u5206\u6790\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u4ee3\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8109\u7edc\u548c\u8d8b\u5f52\u3002
    
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    \u6ce8\uff1a
    
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    \u2476 Molovan Djilas: THE NEW CLASS\uff0cP.173-190, New York,1957,
    
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