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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8bf4\u6797\u5f6a\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u6253\u7b97\u641e\u6389\u7f57\u745e\u537f\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6839\u636e\u7684\u3002\u6797\u5f6a\u5f88\u6709\u81ea\u77e5\u4e4b\u660e\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e00\u4eba\u5f53\u5bb6\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u6797\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u5e73\u7d20\u505a\u4e8b\u51b3\u4e0d\u51fa\u5934\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u51b3\u5b9a\u53d6\u6d88\u519b\u8854\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\u65f6\u88ab\u6401\u7f6e\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u8868\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6bdb\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u6216\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u6797\u5f6a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u5934\u6253\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1965\u5e745\u6708\u521d\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u7684\u73ed\u5b50\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b21\u519b\u59d4\u4f1a\u8bae\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bae\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u56e0\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u8981\u6c42\u7531\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u505a\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u7f57\u4fbf\u8f7b\u7387\u5730\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u6487\u5f00\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u6539\u7531\u81ea\u5df1\u6765\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4f1a\u8bae\u7b80\u62a5\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u9884\u544a\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u64b0\u6587\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u7b49\u4eba\u5bf9\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u5411\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u505a\u4e86\u6c47\u62a5\u3002\u201c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e3a\u6b64\u7533\u65a5\u6797\u5f6a\u2018\u4e0d\u6293\u5927\u4e8b\u2019\u3001\u2018\u653e\u6743\u2019\uff0c\u6797\u5f6a\u62db\u6b64\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u607c\u6012\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u4e0b\u8fbe\u6307\u793a\u2026\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6bdb\u5f00\u59cb\u79d8\u5bc6\u5b89\u6392\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u6536\u96c6\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002[10] \u6b64\u8bf4\u5c1a\u65e0\u65c1\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u7406\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4f55\u6797\u5f6a\u7a81\u7136\u5bf9\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u53d1\u51fa\u51cc\u5389\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u30025\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u6797\u5f6a\u7a81\u7136\u53e3\u6388\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u8981\u79d8\u4e66\u7acb\u5373\u544a\u8bc9\u7f57\u745e\u537f\uff1a\u201c\u4e0d\u51c6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u8bb2\u8bdd\u3002\u201d\u201c\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u4e0d\u80fd\u6563\u5e03\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f5c\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u7a7a\u6c14\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6563\u5e03\u4e86\uff0c\u8981\u5f53\u4f17\u5ba3\u5e03\u6536\u56de\u3002\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u8303\u56f4\u6563\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u8303\u56f4\u6536\u56de\u3002\u201d\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u7f57\u603b\u957f\u505a\u603b\u7ed3\u53d1\u8a00\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5bf9\u2026\u2026\u201d[11] \u5c31\u4e8b\u8bba\u4e8b\u5730\u770b\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u53d6\u4ee3\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u505a\u603b\u7ed3\u8fd9\u4ef6\u5c0f\u4e8b\uff0c\u6797\u5f6a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6001\u5ea6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0e\u4ed6\u5e73\u7d20\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u82e5\u8054\u7cfb\u5230\u6bdb\u6307\u8d23\u6797\u5f6a\u201c\u4e0d\u6293\u5927\u4e8b\u201d\u201c\u653e\u6743\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6bdb\u51c6\u5907\u4ece\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u624b\u4e2d\u6536\u56de\u519b\u6743\u7684\u610f\u5473\uff1f\u4e8b\u9694\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c1965\u5e7411\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u519b\u59d4\u673a\u5173\u5949\u547d\u5f00\u4f1a\u6279\u5224\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u526f\u624b\u8427\u5411\u8363\uff08\u519b\u59d4\u526f\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u3001\u519b\u59d4\u529e\u516c\u4f1a\u8bae\u6210\u5458\u3001\u519b\u59d4\u529e\u516c\u5385\u4e3b\u4efb\u517c\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u529e\u516c\u5385\u4e3b\u4efb\u3001\u519b\u59d4\u76f4\u5c5e\u673a\u5173\u515a\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\u3001\u519b\u59d4\u529e\u516c\u5385\u515a\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\uff09\uff0c\u8427\u968f\u5373\u88ab\u201c\u76d1\u62a4\u5ba1\u67e5\u201d\uff0c\u7531\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u517c\u5176\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u64a4\u804c\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u88ab\u67b6\u7a7a\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u8c01\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8c01\u4e3b\u6301\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u3001\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u89d2\u8272\uff1f\u73b0\u5728\u5b98\u65b9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u732e\u5747\u5bf9\u6b64\u8bb3\u83ab\u5982\u6df1\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff1a1965\u5e7411\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u6797\u5f6a\u6d3e\u592b\u4eba\u53f6\u7fa4\u5411\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u9012\u4ea4\u4eb2\u7b14\u4fe1\uff0c\u5927\u8086\u8bec\u9677\u7f57\u745e\u537f\uff0c\u6bdb\u504f\u542c\u504f\u4fe1\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u51a4\u6789\u4e86\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6797\u5f6a\u6d3e\u53f6\u7fa4\u9012\u4ea4\u7684\u90a3\u5c01\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u8bec\u9677\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u7684\uff1a\u3000&nbsp;<BR><BR>\u201c\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff1a <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u60c5\u51b5\u9700\u8981\u5411\u4f60\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u540c\u5fd7\u65e9\u5c31\u63d0\u8bae\u6211\u5411\u4f60\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u6211\u56e0\u4e3a\u6015\u6709\u788d\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5065\u5eb7\u800c\u672a\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u73b0\u8054\u7cfb\u624d\u77e5\u9053\u6768\u5c1a\u6606\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u5fc5\u987b\u5411\u4f60\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u5148\u770b\u6750\u6599\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u73b0\u5148\u6d3e\u53f6\u7fa4\u9001\u5448\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4f5c\u521d\u6b65\u53e3\u5934\u6c47\u62a5\u3002\u5982\u4e3b\u5e2d\u627e\u6211\u9762\u8c08\uff0c\u6211\u53ef\u968f\u65f6\u5230\u6765\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6b64\u81f4&nbsp;<BR>\u656c\u793c\uff01 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u6797\u5f6a\u300011\u670830\u65e5[12] <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6b64\u4fe1\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5411\u6797\u5f6a\u63d0\u8bae\u63ed\u53d1\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u540c\u5fd7\u201d\u662f\u8c01\uff1f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u3001\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\u5468\u6069\u6765\u3001\u8d3a\u9f99\uff0c\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5149\u5f69\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u672a\u62ab\u9732\u4efb\u4f55\u6750\u6599\u52a0\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4e00\u751f\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u5411\u6797\u5f6a\u544a\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u72b6\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u6bdb\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u5b89\u6392\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u9664\u6389\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u8fd8\u662f\u6797\u5f6a\u5229\u7528\u6bdb\u6574\u8083\u7f57\u745e\u537f\uff1f\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u53f2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u4f20\u627f\u8ba4\uff1a\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u5f04\u6e05\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6797\u5f6a\u592b\u5987\u4f55\u4ee5\u6562\u4e8e\u544a\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u3002\u6797\u5f6a\u90a3\u4e48\u6ce8\u610f\u97ec\u6666\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u6015\u544a\u4e0d\u51c6\u53cd\u800c\u642c\u8d77\u77f3\u5934\u7838\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u811a\u5417\uff1f\u201d[13] \u8be5\u4e66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u731c\u6d4b\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\uff08\u6bdb\uff09\u5bf9\u6797\u5f6a\u7684\u544a\u72b6\u4e0d\u51c6\uff0c\u90a3\u6797\u5f6a\u5c31\u8981\u627f\u62c5\u8bec\u544a\u7684\u7f6a\u540d\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u53cd\u5750\u3002\u201d\u6bdb\u9700\u8981\u6797\u5f6a\uff0c\u6743\u8861\u5229\u5f0a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4fdd\u6797\u820d\u7f57\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u8ba4\u53ef\u4e86\u6797\u5f6a\u7684\u8bec\u544a\u3002[14] \u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u5973\u513f\u4ea6\u6301\u6b64\u89c1\uff1a\u201c\u6797\u5f6a\u8981\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u642c\u6389\u7238\u7238\u8fd9\u5757\u7eca\u811a\u77f3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u2026\u2026\u4e3a\u4e86\u9664\u6389\u7761\u5728\u4ed6\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u4eec\uff0c\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u6797\u5f6a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76df\u53cb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u6210\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u727a\u7272\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u201d[15] \u6797\u5f6a\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u81ea\u5df1\u628a\u6b64\u4e8b\u5168\u90e8\u683d\u5230\u6797\u5f6a\u5934\u4e0a\uff1a\u201c\u5c0f\u5e73\u8bb2\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u641e\u7a81\u7136\u88ad\u51fb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\u3002\u6211\u8d5e\u6210\u4ed6\u3002\uff08\u6211\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u542c\u4e86\u6797\u5f6a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6574\u4e86\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u3002\u201d[16] \u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u5b9e\u8bdd\u5417\uff1f\u4ed6\u5728\u4e8b\u5173\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u519b\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u662f\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u6613\u88ab\u9a97\u7684\u4eba\u5417\uff1f <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6797\u5f6a11\u670830\u53f7\u5199\u7684\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\u6797\u5f6a\u6309\u7167\u6bdb\u6e05\u9664\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u5199\u7684\uff1f <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1965\u5e7411\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u59da\u6587\u5143\u201c\u8bc4\u6d77\u745e\u7f62\u5b98\u201d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u300a\u6587\u6c47\u62a5\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u5927\u62a5\u5747\u672a\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u76f8\u5f53\u6124\u6012\u300211\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u966a\u540c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4f1a\u89c1\u67ec\u57d4\u5be8\u526f\u9996\u76f8\u6717\u8bfa\u65f6\u544a\u8bc9\u6bdb\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u59da\u6587\u5143\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6bdb\u4e00\u7b11\u4e86\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e88\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u5f53\u665a\uff0c\u6c5f\u9752\u4e0e\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u89c1\u9762\u65f6\u95ee\u7f57\uff1a\u201c\u59da\u6587\u5143\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5317\u4eac\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u300a\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u62a5\u300b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1f\u201d[17] \u5979\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5404\u62a5\u4e0d\u8f6c\u8f7d\u59da\u6587\u5143\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u770b\u5bb6\u7684\u662f\u5f6d\u771f\u3002\u201d\u4e8e\u662f\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u4eb2\u81ea\u7ed9\u5f6d\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u548c\u300a\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u62a5\u300b\u540c\u65f6\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002[18] \u5f53\u65f6\u5f6d\u771f\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5df2\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u6e05\u9664\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4ece\u5176\u60c5\u62a5\u6765\u6e90\u83b7\u77e5\u7535\u8bdd\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u540e\u6765\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u6b64\u4e3e\u88ab\u6307\u63a7\u4e3a\u201c\u7ed9\u5f6d\u771f\u901a\u98ce\u62a5\u4fe1\u201d\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1965\u5e7411\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u6797\u5f6a\u5728\u82cf\u5dde\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u676d\u5dde\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u8bf4\uff1a11\u670830\u65e5\u6797\u5f6a\u5199\u4e86\u90a3\u5c01\u201c\u8bec\u9677\u4fe1\u201d\u540e\uff0c\u8ba9\u53f6\u7fa4\u4ece\u82cf\u5dde\u98de\u5230\u676d\u5dde\u5411\u6bdb\u544a\u7f57\u7684\u72b6\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u8d1f\u8d23\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8b66\u536b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f20\u8000\u7960\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u53f6\u7fa4\u662f1965\u5e7411\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u6765\u676d\u5dde\u7684\u3002\u201d[19] \u81f3\u4e8e\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u6307\u51fa\uff0c11\u670829\u65e5\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u66fe\u901a\u77e5\u53f6\u7fa4\u5230\u676d\u5dde\u5411\u6bdb\u6c47\u62a5\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6bdb\u5c315\u6708\u519b\u59d4\u4f1a\u8bae\u603b\u7ed3\u53d1\u8a00\u4e00\u4e8b\u5927\u9a82\u7f57\u745e\u537f\uff1a\u201c\u7f57\u957f\u5b50\u4e0d\u662f\u519b\u59d4\u4e3b\u5e2d\u561b\uff01\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u519b\u59d4\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u561b\uff01\u515a\u5185\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u59d4\u5458\u561b\uff01\u600e\u4e48\u7531\u4ed6\u505a\u603b\u7ed3\u53d1\u8a00\uff1f\u6709\u7684\u8001\u5e05\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u73ed\u5b50\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u4e00\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u53d1\u8a00\u7a3f\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u4e0d\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u8001\u5e05\u505a\u603b\u7ed3\uff1f\u201d[20] \u201c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u8001\u5e05\u201d\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u3002\u82e5\u6b64\u4e8b\u786e\u51ff\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c11\u670829\u65e5\u53f6\u7fa4\u5728\u676d\u5dde\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4f4f\u5904\u5373\u5df2\u5f97\u77e5\u6bdb\u7684\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u5979\u6c47\u62a5\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u5f53\u7136\u4f1a\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8d76\u56de\u82cf\u5dde\u5411\u6797\u5f6a\u62a5\u544a\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u636e\u5f20\u8000\u7960\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c11\u670830\u65e5\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u4ed6\uff0c\u8981\u4ed6\u5230\u6768\u7684\u4f4f\u5904\u53bb\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u8be5\u65e5\u4e0b\u5348\u5f20\u5230\u6768\u7684\u4f1a\u5ba2\u5ba4\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53f6\u7fa4\u5c31\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u5f20\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u53f6\u7fa4\u5f00\u95e8\u89c1\u5c71\u5730\u5bf9\u6211\u8bb2\uff1a\u2018\u6211\u8fd9\u6b21\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u6797\u5f6a\u53eb\u6211\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u5c01\u9762\u4ea4\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7684\u4fe1\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f60\u5e26\u53bb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5427\uff01\u2019\u201d[21] \u4f46\u53f6\u7fa4\u5f88\u5feb\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u9762\u4ea4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6781\u4e3a\u4fe1\u8d56\u7684\u4eb2\u4fe1\u3002\u5018\u82e5\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6bdb\u5bf9\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u957f\u4e8e\u97ec\u6666\u7684\u6797\u5f6a\u8981\u5bc6\u544a\u7f57\u745e\u537f\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u505a\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u673a\u5bc6\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u53f6\u7fa4\u5230\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u7684\u4f1a\u5ba2\u5ba4\u91cc\u5f20\u626c\u6b64\u4e8b\u3002\u53f6\u7fa4\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u907f\u8bb3\u6768\u3001\u5f20\u4e8c\u4eba\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u4e0d\u4ec5\u77e5\u9053\u6bdb\u5bf9\u7f57\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u77e5\u9053\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u7b49\u4e5f\u77e5\u60c5\u3002\u5f20\u8000\u7960\u5c31\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f53\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u676d\u5dde\u51b3\u5b9a\u6e05\u9664\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u65f6\uff0c\u9664\u5468\u6069\u6765\u3001\u6797\u5f6a\u5916\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u3001\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u7b49\u4eba\u4e5f\u77e5\u60c5\u3002[22] \u6768\u6210\u6b66\u53ef\u80fd\u77e5\u60c5\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u636e\u662f\uff1a11\u670818\u65e5\u6797\u5f6a\u7ed9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u9644\u4e0a\u5170\u5dde\u519b\u533a\u515a\u59d4\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5173\u4e8e\u7b2c55\u5e08\u201c\u7a81\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u53f2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u4f20\u8bb0\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6797\u5f6a\u201c\u4e3a\u544a\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u72b6\u4f5c\u597d\u94fa\u57ab\u201d\u3002[23] \u5411\u6797\u5f6a\u9012\u9001\u8fd9\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u3002[24] \u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u53f6\u7fa4\u5411\u6bdb\u9762\u5448\u9012\u6797\u5f6a\u4fe1\u4ef6\u768411\u670830\u65e5\u5f53\u5929\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u673a\u5173\u4f1a\u8bae\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u5b9a\u201c\u8427\u5411\u8363\u7684\u540e\u53f0\u662f\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u201d\u4e86\u3002[25] <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1965\u5e7412\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u5170\u5dde\u519b\u533a\u515a\u59d4\u5173\u4e8e\u7b2c55\u5e08\u201c\u7a81\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\u201d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u62a5\u544a\u505a\u4e86\u6279\u793a\uff0c\u4e0d\u70b9\u540d\u5730\u6279\u5224\u4e86\u7f57\u745e\u537f\uff1a\u201c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u7a81\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a81\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\u8868\u793a\u9633\u5949\u9634\u8fdd\u3001\u800c\u81ea\u5df1\u53e6\u5916\u6563\u5e03\u4e00\u5957\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u5373\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u6240\u8b66\u60d5\u3002\u201d[26] \u201c\uff08\u4ed6\uff09\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u7a81\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\u2026\u2026\uff08\u4f46\uff09\u5f62\u52bf\u903c\u4eba\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u6539\u5934\u6362\u9762\uff0c\u6765\u4e2a\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u201d\u201c\u6298\u8877\u4e3b\u4e49\u2026\u2026\u4e0d\u5206\u654c\u6211\u3001\u4e0d\u5206\u9636\u7ea7\u3001\u4e0d\u5206\u662f\u975e\u2026\u2026\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u201d[27] \u5c31\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8fd8\u70b9\u540d\u6279\u5224\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u7f57\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u540c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u6797\u5f6a\u540c\u5fd7\u5e26\u4e86\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u5175\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u8fd8\u4e0d\u61c2\u5f97\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u519b\u4e8b\uff1f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\uff1f\u2026\u2026\u3002\u7f57\u5f53\u603b\u957f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u5355\u72ec\u5411\u6211\u8bf7\u793a\u62a5\u544a\u8fc7\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7f57\u4e0d\u5c0a\u91cd\u5404\u4f4d\u5143\u5e05\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u72af\u4e86\u5f6d\u5fb7\u6000\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u7f57\u5728\u9ad8\uff08\u5c97\uff09\u3001\u9976\uff08\u6f31\u77f3\uff09\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u9677\u8fdb\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u7f57\u4e2a\u4eba\u72ec\u65ad\uff0c\u7f57\u662f\u91ce\u5fc3\u5bb6\u3002\u51e1\u662f\u8981\u641e\u9634\u8c0b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u603b\u662f\u62c9\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002[28]\u201d <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6797\u5f6a\u5411\u6bdb\u544a\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u72b6\uff0c\u65e2\u672a\u6d89\u53ca\u5f6d\u5fb7\u6000\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u628a\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u4e0e\u9ad8\u5c97\u3001\u9976\u6f31\u77f3\u626f\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u7528\u9ad8\u5c97\u62b9\u9ed1\u653f\u654c\u5411\u6765\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u60ef\u7528\u62db\u6570\u30021959\u5e74\u4ed6\u6e05\u6d17\u5f6d\u5fb7\u6000\u3001\u9ec4\u514b\u8bda\u3001\u5f20\u95fb\u5929\u65f6\u5c31\u7528\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6bdb\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u67e5\u660e\uff0c\u5f6d\u5fb7\u6000\u548c\u9ec4\u514b\u8bda\u65e9\u5c31\u540c\u9ad8\u5c97\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u53cd\u515a\u8054\u76df\u2026\u2026\u5f20\u95fb\u5929\u4e5f\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u9ad8\u5c97\u7684\u5b97\u6d3e\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u201c\u9ad8\u5c97\u9634\u8c0b\u53cd\u515a\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u5458\u201d\u3001\u201c\u9ad8\u5c97\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u6f0f\u7f51\u6b8b\u4f59\u201d\u3002[29] <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4f5c\u51fa\u6279\u5224\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u6279\u793a\u540e\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u5468\uff0c1965\u5e7412\u67088\u65e5\u81f315\u65e5\uff0c\u6bdb\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e3b\u6301\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u6269\u5927\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u64a4\u9500\u4e86\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u519b\u961f\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u7ed3\u675f\u5f53\u665a\uff0c\u5728\u9526\u6c5f\u996d\u5e97\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u6587\u827a\u665a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u6f14\u51fa\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fd8\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u821e\u4f1a\u3002\u821e\u4f1a\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5ffd\u7136\u63d0\u8bae\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5531\u8bc4\u5f39\uff0c\u8eab\u4e3a\u5e7f\u4e1c\u4eba\u7684\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u6b23\u7136\u4ece\u547d\uff0c\u7528\u82cf\u5dde\u8154\u5531\u4e86\u4e00\u66f2\u3002[30] \u7f57\u745e\u537f\u521a\u5012\u53f0\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5e72\u90e8\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u5468\u6069\u6765\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u597d\u7684\u5174\u81f4\u8ba9\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u5531\u8bc4\u5f39\uff1f\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u7d27\u8ddf\u3001\u914d\u5408\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u7acb\u4e86\u529f\uff1f\u8fd9\u53ef\u7b97\u662f\u5468\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u6001\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1966\u5e741\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4efb\u547d\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u62c5\u4efb\u539f\u6765\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u62c5\u4efb\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u4e66\u8bb0\u5904\u4e66\u8bb0\u548c\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u3002\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u80fd\u5728\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u9010\u6b65\u7531\u4e00\u540d\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u88ab\u64e2\u5347\u5230\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u59d4\u5458\u3001\u5e38\u59d4\u4e43\u81f3\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1966\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u53ec\u5f00\u5404\u603b\u90e8\u3001\u516c\u5b89\u90e8\u3001\u519b\u5175\u79cd\u3001\u5404\u5927\u519b\u533a\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u5730\u6279\u5224\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e09\u4eba\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u7531\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4efb\u7ec4\u957f\uff0c\u7ec4\u5458\u662f\u5f6d\u771f\u548c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u3002\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ecf\u5e38\u5230\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7531\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4e3b\u6301\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u6279\u6597\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e86\u9898\u4e3a\u201c\u5f7b\u5e95\u7c89\u788e\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u540c\u5fd7\u7be1\u519b\u53cd\u515a\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e3e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u7ea2\u65d7\u594b\u52c7\u524d\u8fdb\u201d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u8a00\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u63a5\u5230\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u8981\u4ed6\u4ea4\u5f85\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7f57\u7ed9\u5468\u6069\u6765\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u8bf7\u6c42\u89c1\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3002\u5468\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u201c\u745e\u537f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u901a\u77e5\u662f\u7ecf\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u561b\u3002\u201d\u968f\u5373\u6302\u65ad\u7535\u8bdd\u3002\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u5728\u7edd\u671b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u5929\u4ece\u81ea\u5bb6\u7684\u4e09\u697c\u5e73\u53f0\u8df3\u697c\uff0c\u53cc\u4fa7\u591a\u6839\u808b\u9aa8\u9aa8\u6298\u5e76\u53cc\u4e0b\u80a2\u8ddf\u9aa8\u7c89\u788e\u6027\u9aa8\u6298\u3002[31] \u7f57\u745e\u537f\u8df3\u697c\u540e\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u5ff5\u4e86\u5b8b\u671d\u8f9b\u5f03\u75be\u7684\u4e00\u9996\u201c\u8d3a\u65b0\u90ce\u201d\u8bcd\uff0c\u53f6\u628a\u539f\u8bcd\u4e2d\u201c\u5c06\u519b\u767e\u6218\u8eab\u540d\u88c2\u201d\u4e00\u53e5\u6539\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5c06\u519b\u4e00\u8df3\u8eab\u540d\u88c2\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ba5\u7b11\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u3002[32] \u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u5973\u513f\u7f57\u70b9\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u53f6\u5982\u6b64\u884c\u4e8b\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u4ece\u8feb\u5bb3\u522b\u4eba\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6109\u60a6\u201d[33]\uff0c\u7f57\u70b9\u70b9\u6b64\u8bdd\u6216\u8bb8\u8a00\u91cd\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u8bf4\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u7684\u8bd7\u662f\u5bf9\u7f57\u8df3\u697c\u201c\u8868\u793a\u60cb\u60dc\u201d[34]\uff0c\u5c31\u5168\u7136\u4e0d\u987e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e86\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1966\u5e745\u670816\u65e5\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u6279\u8f6c\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u592e\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5173\u4e8e\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u9519\u8bef\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u300b[35]\u662f\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4e3b\u6301\u5199\u7684\u3002\u6279\u7f57\u4f1a\u8bae\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u770b\u5230\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u53c8\u51b3\u5b9a\u6e05\u9664\u5f6d\u771f\uff0c\u4fbf\u9a6c\u4e0a\u7d27\u8ddf\uff0c\u4e0e\u8427\u534e\u3001\u6768\u6210\u6b66\u3001\u5218\u5fd7\u575a\u8054\u540d\u7ed9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u548c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u9012\u4ea4\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u63ed\u53d1\u5f6d\u771f\u201c\u5728\u6279\u5224\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u4f1a\u8bae\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6076\u52a3\u8868\u73b0\u201d[36]\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f6d\u771f\u843d\u4e95\u4e0b\u77f3\u3002<BR><BR><B><A name=b2>\u4e8c\u3001\u6253\u5012\u8d3a\u9f99\uff0c\u64e2\u5347\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4ee3\u4e4b<\/A>&nbsp;<\/B><B><A href=\\\"http:\/\/www.chinayj.net\/StubArticle.asp?issue=060304&amp;total=94#top\\\"><\/A><\/B>&nbsp;<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4ee5\u519b\u59d4\u7b2c\u4e8c\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4e3b\u6301\u519b\u59d4\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8d3a\u9f99\u4e5f\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u521d\u671f\u5728\u519b\u5185\u6253\u51fb\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002 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<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8d3a\u9f99\u4e0e\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u751a\u597d\u30021965\u5e7411\u670830\u65e5\u7684\u519b\u59d4\u673a\u5173\u4f1a\u8bae\u8ba4\u5b9a\u201c\u8427\u5411\u8363\u7684\u540e\u53f0\u662f\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u8d3a\u9f99\u8fd8\u53eb\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3b\u6301\u4eba\u4e0d\u8981\u80e1\u4e71\u731c\u7591\u300212\u67082\u53f7\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bf4\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u201c\u662f\u91ce\u5fc3\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u5929\uff0c\u519b\u59d4\u673a\u5173\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3b\u6301\u4eba\u544a\u8bc9\u8d3a\u9f99\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u7b80\u62a5\u5c06\u8981\u5199\u4e0a\u201c\u8427\u5411\u8363\u7684\u540e\u53f0\u662f\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u201d\u3002\u8d3a\u9f99\u575a\u6301\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c5\u4fdd\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u4e0d\u662f\u53cd\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53cd\u515a\u3002\u201d[39] <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4\u5929\u540e\u8d3a\u9f99\u63a5\u5230\u53bb\u4e0a\u6d77\u5f00\u4f1a\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u6d77\u4ed6\u624d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u7adf\u7136\u662f\u201c\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u201d\u4f1a\u8bae\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u3001\u738b\u5149\u7f8e\u592b\u5987\u9020\u8bbf\u8d3a\u9f99\u4f4f\u5904\u3002\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u95ee\u8d3a\u9f99\uff1a\u201c\u4e8b\u60c5\u771f\u6709\u4e9b\u7a81\u7136\u3002\u8d3a\u8001\u603b\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u7ba1\u519b\u59d4\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4f60\u4e8b\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u8d3a\u9f99\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e5f\u662f\u521a\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u201d\u5728\u5ea7\u7684\u674e\u4e95\u6cc9\u4e5f\u8bf4\u4e8b\u5148\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e86\u4e00\u4f1a\uff0c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u5927\u5bb6\u4e8b\u5148\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u55bd\uff01\u201d[40] 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<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6b64\u65f6\u8d3a\u9f99\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u519b\u59d4\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5374\u672a\u5411\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u9760\u62e2\u3001\u8868\u5fe0\u5fc3\u3002\u201c\u516b\u5c4a\u5341\u4e00\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u53ca\u4f1a\u8bae\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u548c\u4e66\u8bb0\u5904\u8fde\u7eed\u5f00\u4f1a\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u3001\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u8c03\u5b50\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u8d3a\u9f99\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u95ee\u4ed6\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u53d1\u8a00\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\uff1f\u201d\u4ed6\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u8a00\u3002\u201d\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u53c8\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u600e\u4e48\u4e0d\u8bb2\u4e00\u8bb2\uff1f\u201d\u8d3a\u9f99\u628a\u8eab\u4f53\u4e00\u633a\uff0c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u62a5\u544a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4e86\u7eb2\u5662\uff01\u201d[43] \u8d3a\u9f99\u201c\u9760\u8fb9\u201d\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6bdb\u66fe\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u8981\u5bf9\u8d3a\u9f99\u201c\u4e00\u6279\u4e8c\u4fdd\u201d\u3002[44] \u4f46\u6bdb\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u8d3a\u9f99\u7684\u5384\u8fd0\u964d\u4e34\u4e86\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1966\u5e749\u67086\u65e5\u6797\u5f6a\u4e3b\u6301\u519b\u59d4\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u901a\u77e5\u8d3a\u9f99\u3002\u6797\u5f6a\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u53d7\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u59d4\u6258\u5c31\u8d3a\u9f99\u95ee\u9898\u6b63\u5f0f\u201c\u6253\u62db\u547c\u201d\uff1a\u8d3a\u9f99\u6709\u91ce\u5fc3\uff0c\u519b\u59d4\u5404\u603b\u90e8\u3001\u5404\u519b\u5175\u79cd\u53ca\u67d0\u4e9b\u5927\u519b\u533a\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u4e71\u4e2d\u593a\u6743\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u603b\u540e\u53f0\u662f\u8d3a\u9f99\u3002\u4e0e\u4f1a\u7684\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u3001\u9648\u6bc5\u3001\u5218\u4f2f\u627f\u3001\u5f90\u5411\u524d\u3001\u8042\u8363\u81fb\u7eb7\u7eb7\u8868\u6001\u62e5\u62a4\u6bdb\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u6797\u5f6a\u8bb2\u8bdd\u3002[45] \u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5468\u6069\u6765\u57281968\u5e7410\u6708\u7684\u201c\u516b\u5c4a\u5341\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u201d\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u6797\u5f6a\u57281966\u5e749\u67086\u65e5\u519b\u59d4\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u6253\u62db\u547c\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201c\u8d3a\u9f99\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u5df2\u7ecf\u70b9\u4e86\u540d\u7684\u574f\u4eba\u3002\u201d[46] 1966\u5e749\u670825\u65e5\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5bf9\u201c\u9996\u90fd\u5927\u4e13\u5b66\u6821\u7ea2\u536b\u5175\u201d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u8c08\u8bdd\u65f6\u6545\u610f\u900f\u9732\u4e86\u4e00\u70b9\u7384\u673a\uff1a\u201c\uff081927\u5e74\u5357\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\uff09\u6211\u548c\u6731\u5fb7\u540c\u5fd7\u3001\u6797\u5f6a\u540c\u5fd7\u3001\u9648\u6bc5\u540c\u5fd7\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u3002\u201d[47] \u5468\u6069\u6765\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb2\u6cd5\uff0c\u6545\u610f\u62b9\u53bb\u5357\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u519b\u4e8b\u6307\u6325\u8005\u8d3a\u9f99\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5728\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u5f53\u4e2d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u8fde\u957f\u7684\u6797\u5f6a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u8d3a\u9f99\u7684\u8d2c\u4f4e\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6781\u5ea6\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5173\u4e8e\u8d3a\u9f99\u8981\u57ae\u53f0\u7684\u6697\u793a\u3002 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<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u6bdb\u5728\u6253\u5012\u9676\u94f8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u5c14\u53cd\u5c14\u30021967\u5e742\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u53ec\u5f00\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u6269\u5927\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u88ab\u201c\u6269\u5927\u201d\u7684\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u53c8\u6709\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e25\u5389\u6279\u8bc4\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u3001\u6c5f\u9752\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u59d4\u6253\u5012\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u59d4\u3002\u201d\u201c\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e13\u95e8\u5728\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u548c\u6211\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u673a\u2026\u2026\u201d\u201c\u4f60\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6c5f\u9752\uff0c\u773c\u9ad8\u624b\u4f4e\uff0c\u5fd7\u5927\u624d\u758f\uff0c\u4f60\u773c\u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u6253\u5012\u9676\u94f8\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4eec\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e72\u7684\u2026\u2026\u201d[80] \u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8fd8\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u5e38\u59d4\u6269\u5927\u4f1a\u8bae\u4ee5\u540e\u589e\u52a0\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u3001\u5f90\u5411\u524d\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bdb\u8981\u4ee5\u6253\u5012\u9676\u94f8\u4e00\u4e8b\u4e3a\u7531\uff0c\u6e05\u7b97\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u9769\u5c0f\u7ec4\u201d\u4e86\uff0c\u4fbf\u5728\u6b21\u65e5\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u4e0e\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u9769\u201d\u7684\u78b0\u5934\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8bad\u65a5\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u628a\u515a\u641e\u4e71\u4e86\uff0c\u628a\u653f\u5e9c\u641e\u4e71\u4e86\uff0c\u628a\u5de5\u5382\u519c\u6751\u641e\u4e71\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u8fd8\u5acc\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u628a\u519b\u961f\u641e\u4e71\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u641e\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u60f3\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48?\u201d[81] 2\u670814\u65e5\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u9769\u5c0f\u7ec4\u201d\u5f00\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u6279\u8bc4\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u548c\u6c5f\u9752\u3002\u5f20\u6625\u6865\u5728\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7279\u522b\u4f20\u8fbe\u4e86\u6bdb\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff1a\u201c\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u5bf9\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u662f\u54c1\u8d28\u548c\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u5bf9\u6c5f\u9752\u53ea\u662f\u4f5c\u98ce\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c0f\u8282\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u201d[82] \u8fd9\u65f6\u8fde\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u4e5f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bdb\u771f\u7684\u8f6c\u4e86\u5411\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u547d\u884c\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u9648\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u5f88\u51a4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6253\u5012\u9676\u94f8\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u662f\u6c5f\u9752\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6c5f\u9752\u6d3e\u4eba\u53eb\u9648\u53bb\u53d1\u8868\u6253\u5012\u9676\u94f8\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u7684\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u9648\u5bf9\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u9769\u5c0f\u7ec4\u201d\u7684\u738b\u529b\u8bf4\uff0c\u6c5f\u9752\u903c\u5f97\u4ed6\u6d3b\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e9\u5c31\u60f3\u81ea\u6740\u4e86\u3002[83] \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c14\u5019\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u8001\u5e72\u90e8\u201c\u5927\u95f9\u6000\u4ec1\u5802\u201d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1967\u5e742\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u5357\u6d77\u6000\u4ec1\u5802\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u6269\u5927\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u6c5f\u9752\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u52a0\u3002\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7070\u6e9c\u6e9c\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u6562\u5750\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8eb2\u5230\u4e86\u540e\u8fb9\u684c\u5b50\u89d2\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5468\u6069\u6765\u53eb\u4ed6\u5750\u56de\u5230\u4ed6\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u3002[84] \u5f90\u5411\u524d\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u5eb7\u751f\u3001\u5f20\u6625\u6865\u3001\u8c22\u5bcc\u6cbb\u7b49\u4eba\u5750\u5728\u2018\u88ab\u544a\u2019\u5e2d\u4e0a\uff0c\u72fc\u72c8\u4e0d\u582a\u3002\u201d[85] \u4f1a\u8bae\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u5f62\u52bf\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5bf9\u8001\u5e72\u90e8\u4eec\u5f88\u6709\u5229\u3002\u8c2d\u9707\u6797\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u96be\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8001\u5e72\u90e8\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u88ab\u6574\u2026\u2026\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u662f\u515a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6597\u4e89\u6700\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u70b9\u540d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6c5f\u9752\u628a\u6211\u6574\u6210\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u2026\u2026\u201d[86] \u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u63a5\u7740\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8001\u5e72\u90e8\u662f\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d22\u5bcc\u2026\u2026\u54ea\u6709\u968f\u4fbf\u6253\u5012\u7684\u9053\u7406\uff1f\u201d[87] <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5f53\u65f6\u9648\u6bc5\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u628a\u201c\u6587\u5316\u9769\u547d\u201d\u4e0e1942\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u5ef6\u5b89\u6574\u98ce\u201d\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u9648\u6bc5\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5ef6\u5b89\u6574\u98ce\u641e\u51fa\u4e86\uff08\u610f\u6307\u62ac\u51fa\u4e86\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u5218\u5c11\u5947\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u4e86\uff1f\u65af\u5927\u6797\u641e\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\uff0c\u53c8\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u4e86\uff1f\u201d[88] \u201c\u5728\u5ef6\u5b89\uff0c\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u3001\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u3001\u5f6d\u771f\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8584\u4e00\u6ce2\u3001\u5218\u6f9c\u6d9b\u3001\u5b89\u5b50\u6587\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u62e5\u62a4\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u6700\u8d77\u52b2\uff01\u2026\u2026\uff08\u5ef6\u5b89\u6574\u98ce\uff09\u6328\u6574\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u3002\u603b\u7406\u4e0d\u662f\u6328\u6574\u7684\u5417?\u201d[89] \u9648\u6bc5\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8fd96\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u5ef6\u5b89\u6574\u98ce\u201d\u65f6\u56e0\u575a\u51b3\u62e5\u62a4\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u5347\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5218\u5c11\u5947\uff0c\u6bdb\u84c4\u610f\u628a\u4ed6\u63d0\u5230\u5468\u6069\u6765\u4e4b\u4e0a\u6210\u4e3a\u515a\u5185\u76842\u53f7\u4eba\u7269\uff1b\u5728\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6ce2\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd96\u4e2a\u4eba\u53c8\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u6253\u5012\u3002\u5468\u6069\u6765\u4e00\u542c\uff0c\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u9648\u6bc5\u72af\u4e86\u5927\u5fcc\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u6253\u65ad\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\uff08\u5ef6\u5b89\u6574\u98ce\u65f6\uff09\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u68c0\u8ba8\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u6574\u5f97\u5bf9\u7684\u561b\u3002\u201d[90] \u4f46\u662f\u9648\u6bc5\u7684\u8bdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u51e0\u5929\u524d\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65a5\u9a82\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u3001\u6c5f\u9752\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u5047\u610f\u8d23\u5907\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d17\u5237\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u6253\u5012\u9676\u94f8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u51e0\u6b21\u51fa\u5c14\u53cd\u5c14\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u6000\u4ec1\u5802\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u9648\u6bc5\u3001\u8c2d\u9707\u6797\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u89e6\u5230\u4e86\u6bdb\u7684\u75db\u5904\uff0c\u6bdb\u4fbf\u201c\u9f99\u989c\u5927\u6012\u201d\u30021967\u5e742\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u6bdb\u53ec\u96c6\u7d27\u6025\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u65e2\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u901a\u77e5\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u519b\u961f\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u6309\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u7b97\u4e0d\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6b63\u5f0f\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u51e0\u4e2a\u201c\u5ef7\u81e3\u201d\u8bad\u8bdd\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u2018\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u9769\u5c0f\u7ec4\u2019\u662f\u5fe0\u5b9e\u6267\u884c\u516b\u5c4a\u5341\u4e00\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u53ea\u662f\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u3001\u4e09\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e5d\u5341\u4e03\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u201d\u201c\u8c01\u53cd\u5bf9\u2018\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u9769\u5c0f\u7ec4\u2019\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u8c01\u3002\u201d[91] \u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u8981\u5426\u5b9a\u2018\u6587\u9769\u2019\uff0c\u529e\u4e0d\u5230\uff01\u53f6\u7fa4\u540c\u5fd7\u4f60\u544a\u8bc9\u6797\u5f6a[92]\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7a33\u554a\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u8981\u593a\u4ed6\u7684\u6743\u5462\u3002\u8ba9\u4ed6\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u2018\u6587\u9769\u2019\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u4ed6\u5c31\u64a4\u51fa\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u518d\u4e0a\u4e95\u5188\u5c71\u6253\u6e38\u51fb\u3002\u201d[93] \u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u8bf4\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u3001\u6c5f\u9752\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8ba9\u4f60\u9648\u6bc5\u6765\u5f53\u2018\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u9769\u7ec4\u957f\u2019\u5427\uff01\u628a\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u3001\u6c5f\u9752\u902e\u6355\u3001\u67aa\u6bd9\uff0c\u8ba9\u5eb7\u751f\u53bb\u5145\u519b!\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0b\u53f0\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u628a\u738b\u660e\u8bf7\u56de\u6765\u5f53\u4e3b\u5e2d\u561b\u3002\u201d[94] \u201c\u4f60\u4eec\u628a\u738b\u660e\u627e\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u628a\u5f20\u56fd\u7118\u627e\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u628a\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u627e\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u4eec\u53bb\u641e\u3002\u201d[95] \u201c\u529b\u91cf\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u8bf7\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u82cf\u8054\u4e00\u5757\u6765\uff01\u201d[96] <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bb2\u5b8c\u8bdd\u5373\u626c\u957f\u800c\u53bb\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u5468\u6069\u6765\u4e3b\u6301\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u8d2f\u5f7b\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u8c2d\u9707\u6797\u3001\u9648\u6bc5\u3001\u5f90\u5411\u524d\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u53d1\u6012\u65f6\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u8c2d\u3001\u9648\u3001\u5f90\u8fa9\u89e3\uff0c\u66f4\u8c08\u4e0d\u4e0a\u4e0e\u6bdb\u201c\u6297\u4e89\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8c2d\u3001\u9648\u3001\u5f90\u7b49\u51e0\u4e2a\u8001\u5e72\u90e8\u672c\u6765\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u80c6\u91cf\u6311\u6218\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u9519\u4f1a\u4e86\u201c\u5723\u610f\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u65a5\u9a82\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u3001\u6c5f\u9752\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u9648\u4f2f\u8fbe\u5feb\u5012\u53f0\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u624d\u653e\u80c6\u201c\u5927\u95f9\u6000\u4ec1\u5802\u201d\u7684\u3002\u5e94\u5f53\u8bf4\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u4e8c\u6708\u9006\u6d41\u201d\u6216\u8005\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u6708\u6297\u4e89\u201d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u671f\u95f4\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u683c\u7684\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bdb\u653e\u8fc7\u4e86\u4ed6\u3002\u57281969\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u201c\u4e5d\u5927\u201d\u4e0a\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4fdd\u7559\u4f4f\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u59d4\u5458\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u9648\u6bc5\u5219\u88ab\u8d76\u51fa\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u3002 <BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1971\u5e74\u6797\u5f6a\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4e3b\u6301\u519b\u59d4\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u57281973\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u201c\u5341\u5927\u201d\u4e0a\u6210\u4e3a\u515a\u7684\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u81f3\u6b64\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u5728\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u9876\u5cf0\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u65e5\u91cc\u53c8\u60f3\u8d2c\u9edc\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u30021976\u5e74\u201c\u56db\u00b7\u4e94\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6bdb\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u8ba9\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u53c2\u52a0\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u6bdb\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u6709\u5fc3\u8d2c\u9edc\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5df2\u65e0\u529b\u5904\u7f6e\u30021976\u5e74\u902e\u6355\u6bdb\u592b\u4eba\u6c5f\u9752\u7b49\u201c\u56db\u4eba\u5e2e\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528\u5df2\u522b\u65e0\u4ed6\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002 <BR><BR><\/FONT><A name=b4><FONT size=3>\u3010\u6ce8\u91ca\u3011<\/FONT><\/A><A href=\\\"http:\/\/www.chinayj.net\/StubArticle.asp?issue=060304&amp;total=94#top\\\" name=b4><\/A><FONT size=3> <BR>[1] \u300a\u5ed6\u6c49\u751f\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2003\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c231\u9875\u3002 <BR>[2] \u738b\u660a\u3001\u738b\u7eaa\u4e00\uff0c\u300a\u5f00\u56fd\u4e0a\u5c06\u53f6\u98de\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2004\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c478\u9875\u3002 <BR>[3] \u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7f16\uff0c\u300a\u515a\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u8d44\u6599\u300b\uff0c1986\u5e74\u7b2c1\u30012\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c40\u9875\u3002 <BR>[4] \u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u8584\u4e00\u6ce2\u548c\u5b89\u5b50\u6587\u5bf9\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u4e4b\u5b50\u5218\u6e90\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u5f15\u81ea\u9ad8\u6653\u5ca9\u201c\u5218\u6e90\u3001\u4f55\u5bb6\u680b\u5bf9\u4e00\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u516c\u6848\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u3001\u8003\u8bc1\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u534e\u590f\u6587\u6458\u300b\u589e\u520a\u7b2c349\u671f\uff082003\u5e747\u670822\u65e5\uff09\u3002 <BR>[5] 1966\u5e745\u670821\u65e5\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u6269\u5927\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u89c1\u5b8b\u6c38\u6bc5\u4e3b\u7f16\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u6587\u5e93\uff08\u5149\u76d8\uff09\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c2002\uff09\u3002 <BR>[6] \u9ec4\u7476\uff0c\u300a\u4e09\u6b21\u5927\u96be\u4e0d\u6b7b\u7684\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u5927\u5c06\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u53f2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c231\u3001252\u9875\u3002 <BR>[7] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b2c209\u9875\u3002 <BR>[8] 1927\u5e74\u4e2d\u5171\u5728\u5357\u660c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6b66\u88c5\u66b4\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u6797\u5f6a\u4efb\u8fde\u957f\uff0c\u8d3a\u9f99\u5219\u662f\u519b\u957f\u3001\u603b\u6307\u6325\u3002 <BR>[9] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[6]\uff0c\u7b2c209-210\u9875\u3002 <BR>[10] \u4f5a\u540d\uff0c\u201c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3001\u6797\u5f6a\u4e0e\u2018\u6253\u5012\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u2019\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u534e\u590f\u6587\u6458\u300b\u589e\u520a\u7b2c324\u671f\uff082003\u5e742\u670810\u65e5\uff09\u3002 <BR>[11] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[6]\uff0c\u7b2c254\u9875\u3002 <BR>[12] 1965\u5e7411\u670830\u65e5\u6797\u5f6a\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u95ee\u9898\u7ed9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u201d\uff0c\u89c1\u5b8b\u6c38\u6bc5\u4e3b\u7f16\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u6587\u5e93\uff08\u5149\u76d8\uff09\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c2002\uff09\uff1b\u4ea6\u53ef\u53c2\u89c1\u9ec4\u7476\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u51fa\u5904\u89c1\u6ce8[6]\u3002 <BR>[13] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[6]\uff0c\u7b2c283\u9875\u3002 <BR>[14] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[6]\uff0c\u7b2c284-285\u9875\u3002 <BR>[15] \u300a\u70b9\u70b9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u2500\u2500\u7ea2\u8272\u5bb6\u65cf\u6863\u6848\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u5929\u5730\u56fe\u4e66\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1999\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c184-185\u9875\u3002 <BR>[16] 1973\u5e7412\u670821\u65e5\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u63a5\u89c1\u53c2\u52a0\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u4f1a\u8bae\u4eba\u5458\u65f6\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\uff08\u8282\u5f55\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u529e\u516c\u5385\u79d8\u4e66\u5c40\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a3f\uff0c\u5f15\u81ea\u5b8b\u6c38\u6bc5\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u6587\u5e93\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c2002\uff09\u3002 <BR>[17] \u664b\u592b\uff0c\u300a\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u524d\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u53f2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1998\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c353\u9875\u3002 <BR>[18] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[6]\uff0c\u7b2c278-279\u9875\u3002 <BR>[19] \u89c1\u300a\u5f20\u8000\u7960\u56de\u5fc6\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u515a\u6821\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\uff09\uff0c\u8f6c\u5f15\u81ea\u300a\u70b9\u70b9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u2500\u2500\u7ea2\u8272\u5bb6\u65cf\u6863\u6848\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u5929\u5730\u56fe\u4e66\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1999\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c183\u9875\u3002 <BR>[20] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[10]\u3002 <BR>[21] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[19]\uff0c\u7b2c182\u9875\u3002 <BR>[22] \u300a\u5f20\u8000\u7960\u56de\u5fc6\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u515a\u53f2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c29-30\u9875\uff0c\u8f6c\u5f15\u81ea\u5355\u4e16\u8054\u7684\u201c\u773c\u5e95\u5434\u94a9\u770b\u4e0d\u4f11\u2500\u2500\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u4e0e\u2018\u6587\u9769\u2019\u201d\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u534e\u590f\u6587\u6458\u300b\u589e\u520a\u7b2c324\u671f\uff082003\u5e741\u670827\u65e5\uff09\u3002 <BR>[23] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[6]\uff0c\u7b2c281\u9875\u3002 <BR>[24] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[10]\u3002 <BR>[25] \u89e3\u653e\u519b\u603b\u53c2\u8c0b\u90e8\u300a\u8d3a\u9f99\u4f20\u300b\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff0c\u300a\u8d3a\u9f99\u8499\u96be\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff09\uff0c\u516c\u76ca\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u626b\u6821\uff08www.npo.org.tw\uff09\u3002 <BR>[26] 1965\u5e7412\u67082\u65e5\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u5170\u5dde\u519b\u533a\u515a\u59d4\u201c\u5173\u4e8e55\u5e08\u7d27\u6025\u5907\u6218\u4e2d\u7a81\u51fa\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u62a5\u544a\u201d\u7684\u6279\u793a\uff0c\u5f15\u81ea\u9ec4\u7476\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u51fa\u5904\u89c1\u6ce8[6]\uff0c\u7b2c283\u9875\u3002 <BR>[27] \u300a\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599\uff081962-1967\uff09\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\uff0c1967\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c196-198\u9875\u3002 <BR>[28] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b2c201\u9875\u3002 <BR>[29] \u300a\u5efa\u56fd\u4ee5\u6765\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6587\u7a3f\u300b\u7b2c8\u518c\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1993\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c431\u9875\u3002 <BR>[30] \u5f20\u4f50\u826f\uff0c\u201c\u516c\u5b89\u90e8\u957f\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u88ab\u903c\u8df3\u697c\u81f4\u6b8b \u88ab\u4eba\u653e\u5165\u7ba9\u7b50\u6e38\u6597\u201d\u3002\u5f20\u4f50\u826f\u662f\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u4fdd\u5065\u533b\u751f\u3002\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u8df3\u697c\u540e\uff0c\u5f20\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d76\u5f80\u7f57\u745e\u537f\u5bb6\u4e2d\u4e3a\u5176\u8bca\u65ad\u7684\u533b\u751f\u3002 <BR>[31] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u4e0a\u3002 <BR>[32] 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<BR>[33] \u7f57\u70b9\u70b9\uff0c\u201c\u70b9\u70b9\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff08\u4e0b\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c1998\u5e74\u7b2c5\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c39\u9875\u3002 <BR>[34] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8<BR>[32]\u9648\u8679\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002 <BR>[35] \u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u53d1[66]268\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u89c1\u5b8b\u6c38\u6bc5\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u6587\u5e93\uff08\u5149\u76d8\uff09\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c2002\uff09\u3002 <BR>[36] 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\u300a\u6253\u5012\u4e09\u53cd\u5206\u5b50\u8d3a\u9f99\uff08\u7b2c1\u96c6\uff09\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u201c\u6279\u6597\u4e09\u53cd\u5206\u5b50\u8d3a\u9f99\u8054\u7edc\u7ad9\u201d\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u201c\u7ea2\u4ee3\u4f1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f53\u59d4\u8fd0\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u7ea2\u536b\u5175\u56e2\u201d\u7ffb\u5370\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c2-3\u9875\u3002 <BR>[39] \u89e3\u653e\u519b\u603b\u53c2\u8c0b\u90e8\u300a\u8d3a\u9f99\u4f20\u300b\u7f16\u5199\u7ec4\uff0c\u300a\u8d3a\u9f99\u8499\u96be\u300b\uff08www.npo.org.tw\uff09\u3002 <BR>[40] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u4e0a\u3002 <BR>[41] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[39]\u3002 <BR>[42] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[39]\u3002 <BR>[43] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[39]\u3002 <BR>[44] \u5f20\u4e91\u751f\uff0c\u300a\u6bdb\u5bb6\u6e7e\u7eaa\u5b9e\u2500\u2500\u6797\u5f6a\u79d8\u4e66\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6625\u79cb\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988\uff09\u7b2c35\u9875\u3002 <BR>[45] \u738b\u5e74\u4e00\u3001\u4f55\u8700\u3001\u9648\u662d\uff0c\u201c\u6797\u5f6a\u662f\u2018\u6587\u9769\u2019\u4e2d\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89c2\u6f6e\u6d3e\u3001\u900d\u9065\u6d3e\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u534e\u590f\u6587\u6458\u300b\u589e\u520a\u7b2c372\u671f\uff082004\u5e743\u670815\u65e5\uff09\u3002 <BR>[46] 1968\u5e7410\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5728\u201c\u516b\u5c4a\u5341\u4e8c\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u201d\u4e0a\u8c08\u51e0\u4e2a\u5143\u5e05\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u89c1\u5b8b\u6c38\u6bc5\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u6587\u5e93\u300b\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c2002\uff09\u3002 <BR>[47] 1966\u5e749\u670825\u65e5\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5728\u63a5\u89c1\u201c\u9996\u90fd\u5927\u4e13\u9662\u6821\u7ea2\u536b\u5175\u9769\u547d\u9020\u53cd\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u90e8\u201d\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u65f6\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u89c11966\u5e74\u5317\u4eac\u5316\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u5ba3\u4f20\u5458\u6218\u6597\u7ec4\u201d\u7b49\u5355\u4f4d\u8054\u5408\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u300a\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff082\uff09\u300b\u3002 <BR>[48] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[39]\u3002 <BR>[49] 1967\u5e742\u67083\u65e5\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u963f\u5c14\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5361\u535a\u548c\u5df4\u5362\u5e93\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u8f6c\u5f15\u81ea\u738b\u5e74\u4e00\u3001\u4f55\u8700\u3001\u9648\u662d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[45]\u3002 <BR>[50] 1967\u5e74\u5e95\u4e2d\u592e\u4e13\u6848\u5ba1\u67e5\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7b2c\u4e00\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7ed9\u5eb7\u751f\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\uff08\u7eed\u96c6\uff09\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u7fa4\u4f17\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1986 \uff09\uff0c\u7b2c91\u9875\u3002 <BR>[51] \u8463\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u300a\u8d70\u8fdb\u6000\u4ec1\u5802\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u53f2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff09\uff1b\u4efb\u5fd7\u4f0a\uff0c\u201c\u9a7b\u85cf\u4ee3\u8868\u5f20\u7ecf\u6b66\u8f89\u714c\u800c\u574e\u5777\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u6587\u53f2\u5929\u5730\u300b2005\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\u3002 <BR>[52] 1967\u5e747\u67088\u65e5\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u63a5\u89c1\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u67d0\u4e13\u4e1a\u4f1a\u8bae\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u539f\u8f7d\u7b2c10\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u7ea2\u300b\uff0839\u671f\uff09\uff0c1967\u5e747\u670820\u65e5\u201c\u7ea2\u4ee3\u4f1a\u6e05\u534e\u4e95\u5188\u5c71\u4e00\u90e8\u7b2c\u4e09\u52a8\u6001\u7ec4\u201d\u7f16\u300a\u52a8\u6001\u300b\u7b2c101\u671f\u8f6c\u8f7d\u3002 <BR>[53] \u5434\u5fb7\u53e3\u8ff0\u3001\u6731\u5143\u77f3\u7b49\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u300a\u5341\u5e74\u98ce\u96e8\u7eaa\u4e8b\u2500\u2500\u6211\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5386\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2004\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c5\u9875\u3002 <BR>[54] \u300a\u5ed6\u6c49\u751f\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2003\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c247\u9875\u3002 <BR>[55] 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1967\u5e742\u67083\u65e5\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u963f\u5c14\u5df4\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5361\u535a\u548c\u5df4\u5362\u5e93\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u300a\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6599\uff081962\uff0d1967\uff09\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\uff0c1967\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c290\u9875\u3002 <BR>[62] \u51fa\u5904\u540c\u6ce8[46]\u3002 <BR>[63] 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