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size=3>[xii]\u80e1\u98ce\uff0c\u300a\u80e1\u98ce\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\uff0c25\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>[xiii]\u89c1\u5f20\u77e5\uff0c\u300a\u65b9\u5fd7\u654f\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6218\u58eb\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1983\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c277\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><BR><FONT size=3>\u4f5c\u8005\u8054\u7cfb\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>Guo Wu, PhD<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>Assistant Professor <\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>History Department <\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>Allegheny College <\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>Meadville, PA 16335<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>USA <\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><BR><FONT size=3>\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u963f\u91cc\u683c\u5c3c\u5b66\u9662\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>\u4f0d\u56fd<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>\u7535\u90ae\uff1a<\/FONT><A href=\\\"mailto:gwu@allegheny.edu\\\"><FONT size=3>gwu@allegheny.edu<\/FONT><\/A><FONT size=3> ; <\/FONT><A href=\\\"mailto:papertiger555@hotmail.com\\\"><FONT size=3>papertiger555@hotmail.com<\/FONT><\/A><FONT size=3> <\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>\u2014\u2014\u300a\u7eb5\u89c8\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u9996\u53d1 <BR><\/FONT><\/P>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u65b9\u5fd7\u654f\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u5171\u65e9\u671f\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e2d\u4e00\u540d\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u653f\u6cbb\u519b\u4e8b\u4e0a\u529f\u52cb\u5353\u8457\uff0c\u8fd8\u4ee5\u5176\u6df1\u5207\u611f\u4eba\u7684\u72f1\u4e2d\u540d\u7bc7\u300a\u6e05\u8d2b\u300b\u548c\u300a\u53ef\u7231\u7684 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-thought","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16037"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16037\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}