{"id":18837,"date":"2011-01-24T11:19:43","date_gmt":"2011-01-24T11:19:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=18837 "},"modified":"2011-01-24T11:19:43","modified_gmt":"2011-01-24T11:19:43","slug":"18837-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=18837","title":{"rendered":"\u81ea\u7531\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u5185\u8fd8\u662f\u4e4b\u5916\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\uff08V\u00e1clav Havel\uff09\u90a3\u91cc\u719f\u6089\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u628a\u4eba\u964d\u5230\u751f\u7269\u852c\u83dc\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u3002\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u7528\u6b64\u6765\u8868\u8ff0\u4ed6\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u540e\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u672c\u8d28\u2500\u2500\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4f60\u7684\u610f\u613f\u88c5\u4fee\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\u6446\u653e\u4f60\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u201d\u9009\u62e9\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u724c\u5b50\u7684\u6d17\u8863\u673a\u548c\u7535\u51b0\u7bb1\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u662f\u8d70\u5f00\u4e3a\u597d\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f60\u7684\u9f3b\u5b50\u4e1c\u55c5\u55c5\uff0c\u897f\u55c5\u55c5\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u513f\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5934\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u540e\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u63ed\u793a\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8868\u8ff0\u548c\u90a3\u4f4d\u300a\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\uff08The Origins of Totalitarianism\uff09\uff08\u521d\u7248\u4e8e1951\u5e74\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u963f\u4f26\u7279\uff08Hannah Arendt\uff09\u6709\u4e00\u8109\u76f8\u627f\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u5982\u4f55\u53d7\u5230\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff08\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14[Martin Heidegger]\u5012\u662f\u63d0\u8d77\u8fc7\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u540e\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u7684\u540e\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u6279\u5224\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u6279\u5224\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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\u5c06\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u6392\u9664\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5141\u8bb8\u548c\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u2500\u2500\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u9694\u7edd\u662f\u666e\u904d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u964d\u4e34\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u53d7\u96be\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u7684\u7b14\u89e6\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u52b3\u52a8\u2500\u6d88\u8d39\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u53e4\u5178\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3002\u57281958\u5e74\u518d\u7248\u65f6\u4e3a\u300a\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u589e\u8865\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u548c\u540c\u671f\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u4eba\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u300b\uff08The Human Condition\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u7528\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u201d\uff08animal laborans\uff09\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u5982\u6c6a\u6d0b\u5927\u6d77\u822c\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u88ab\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ece\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u4e2d\u575a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u57cb\u5934\u4ece\u4e8b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u751f\u6d3b\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7ef4\u6301\u751f\u8ba1\uff0c\u628a\u6700\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u653e\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u8eab\u4f53\u6709\u7740\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u5f62\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u98ce\u6c14\uff1a\u8c0b\u751f\u8d5a\u94b1\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u6700\u4e3a\u901a\u884c\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6d3b\u52a8\u6bd4\u5982\u827a\u672f\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u7f3a\u5c11\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6e38\u624b\u597d\u95f2\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4e13\u6ce8\u201d\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6709\u5176\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u5c01\u95ed\u6027\u548c\u9ed1\u6697\u6027\u3002\u63a8\u52a8\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u7269\u6027\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u4e0e\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u8fdb\u884c\u7269\u8d28\u6027\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u7d27\u7d27\u9ecf\u9644\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u751f\u7406\u6027\u3001\u751f\u7269\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u7262\u7262\u5730\u6293\u4f4f\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u8089\u4f53\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5185\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u7684\uff0c\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u5728\u300a\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u300e\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u300f\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u201d\u5728\u300a\u4eba\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u6765\u81ea\u751f\u547d\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u7684\u538b\u529b\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u66b4\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u65bd\u52a0\u4e88\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u201c\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u4e25\u5211\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u66b4\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f8\u903c\u4e8e\u4eba\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u529b\u91cf\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002\u201d\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u4ece\u82e6\u5f79\u822c\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u4e8b\u5176\u4ed6\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5c48\u4ece\u4e8e\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff0c\u5c48\u4ece\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u52b3\u52a8\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u9700\u8981\u548c\u589e\u957f\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u7269\u6027\u9700\u8981\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u6d17\u624b\u4e0d\u5e72\uff0c\u628a\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6295\u653e\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8f6c\u800c\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e\u6d88\u8d39\u2500\u2500\u6d88\u8d39\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6765\u81ea\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8fc7\u5269\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u9ecf\u9644\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u5468\u906d\uff0c\u670d\u4ece\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u751f\u547d\u5185\u90e8\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u532e\u4e4f\u7684\u201c\u7269\u6b32\u201d\u548c\u6a2a\u6d41\u7684\u201c\u7269\u6b32\u201d\u6df1\u57cb\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d77\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u2500\u6d88\u8d39\u201d\u6784\u6210\u7684\u94fe\u6761\uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u65b0\u9648\u4ee3\u8c22\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5faa\u73af\uff08biological cycle\uff09\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u751f\u53d1\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u6325\uff0c\u5360\u4e0a\u98ce\u7684\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u672c\u80fd\u610f\u5fd7\u3002\u800c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\uff0c\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u773c\u91cc\uff0c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u4e50\u878d\u878d\u7684\u672a\u6765\u4e16\u754c\u56fe\u666f\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u8d5e\u7f8e\u548c\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u662f\u201c\u589e\u52a0\u8d22\u5bcc\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7269\u8d28\u5bcc\u88d5\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6700\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u201d\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a77\u4eba\u6614\u65e5\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u201d\u6765\u52a0\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u611a\u4eba\u7684\u5929\u5802\u201d\uff08a fool\\’s 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