{"id":21222,"date":"2011-07-06T02:12:00","date_gmt":"2011-07-06T02:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=21222 "},"modified":"2011-07-06T02:12:00","modified_gmt":"2011-07-06T02:12:00","slug":"21222-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=21222","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u5171\u529f\u7f6a\u8bc4\u8bf4\u4e4b\u516b\uff1a\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u548c\u5927\u9965\u8352\u997f\u6b7b\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u7167\u7247\u663e\u793a\u4eba\u5750\u5728\u5bc6\u690d\u7684\u7a3b\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5404\u5730\u7ade\u76f8\u4f2a\u9020\u7cae\u98df\u9ad8\u4ea7\uff0c\u79cd\u4e0b\u5927\u9965\u8352\u6076\u679c\u3002\" <\/span><\/em>\r\n
\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90: \u6208\u6c38\u8f89\u62cd\u6444 <\/em><\/span><\/div>\r\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u7167\u7247\u663e\u793a\u4eba\u5750\u5728\u5bc6\u690d\u7684\u7a3b\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5404\u5730\u7ade\u76f8\u4f2a\u9020\u7cae\u98df\u9ad8\u4ea7\uff0c\u79cd\u4e0b\u5927\u9965\u8352\u6076\u679c\u3002<\/em><\/span>\r\n
 <\/div>\r\n
 <\/div><\/div><\/div>\r\n\r\n

\u4e2d\u5171\u5b98\u65b9\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u628a1959-1961\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5927\u9965\u8352\u79f0\u4e3a“\u4e09\u5e74\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u65f6\u671f”\u6216\u8005“\u4e09\u5e74\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\u671f”\uff1b\u800c\u4e2d\u897f\u65b9\u72ec\u7acb\u5b66\u8005\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a“\u5927\u9965\u8352\u65f6\u671f”\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u573a\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u548c\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5171\u53d1\u52a8“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\uff0c\u76f2\u76ee\u8ffd\u6c42\u9ad8\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u9ad8\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6d6e\u5938\u98ce\u548c“\u5171\u4ea7\u98ce”\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u56e0\u3002<\/span>

*\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570\uff1a\u6570\u5343\u4e07*<\/span>

\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u9965\u8352\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6570\u5b57\uff0c“\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5386\u53f2”\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff1a“\u636e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c1960\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5e74\u51cf\u5c111000\u4e07\u3002”\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e09\u5e74\u707e\u96be\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u603b\u4eba\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u56de\u907f\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/span>

\u524d\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u8bb0\u8005\uff0c\u708e\u9ec4\u6625\u79cb\u6742\u5fd7\u793e\u793e\u957f\u6768\u7ee7\u7ef3\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u5199\u6210“\u5893\u7891\uff1a \u4e2d\u56fd\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u5927\u9965\u8352\u7eaa\u5b9e”\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6709\u5173\u5927\u9965\u8352\u6700\u8be6\u5b9e\u548c\u6700\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6768\u7ee7\u7ef3\u53c2\u7167\u4e2d\u5916\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u4ece1958\u5e74\u52301962\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u997f\u6b7b3600\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u9965\u997f\u4f7f\u5f97\u51fa\u751f\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5c11\u51fa\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u4e3a4000\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u997f\u6b7b\u4eba\u6570\u52a0\u4e0a\u56e0\u9965\u997f\u800c\u5c11\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6570\uff0c\u5171\u8ba17600\u4e07\u4eba\u3002<\/span>

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8377\u5170\u5386\u53f2\u4e13\u5bb6\u51af\u514b\uff08Frank Dikotter\uff092010\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684“\u6bdb\u7684\u5927\u9965\u8352”\u4e00\u4e66\u88ab\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u6316\u6398\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6863\u6848\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u90a3\u573a\u9965\u8352\u5bfc\u81f4\u591a\u8fbe4500\u4e07\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/span>

\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u5c40\u957f\u674e\u6210\u745e\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570\u7ea62200\u4e07\u4eba\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e01\u6292\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e3a3000\u4e07\u4eba\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u8005\u8305\u4e8e\u8f7c\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f3500\u4e07\u4eba\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u8bb0\u8005\u5218\u5bbe\u96c1\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f3500\u4e07-4000\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u5927\u9965\u8352\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u5343\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u662f\u5404\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5171\u8bc6\u3002<\/span>

*\u5927\u9965\u8352\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u53ca\u82cf\u8054\u903c\u503a\u6709\u591a\u5927\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f*<\/span>

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9020\u6210\u5927\u9965\u8352\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c“\u4e2d\u5171\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u515a\u53f2”\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u6307\u51fa\uff1a“\u7531\u4e8e1958\u5e74‘\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb’\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u516c\u793e\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c……\u52a0\u4e0a\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u653f\u5e9c\u80cc\u4fe1\u5f03\u4e49\u7684\u6495\u6bc1\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u56f0\u96be\u3002”<\/span>

\u5927\u9965\u8352\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u786e\u5b58\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u9020\u6210\u7684\u635f\u5931\u53ea\u5360\u7cae\u98df\u51cf\u4ea7\u603b\u6570\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u6768\u594e\u677e\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6211\u4eec\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u53bb\u505a\u8fc7\u5404\u4e2a\u7701\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5386\u5e74\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u5341\u51e0\u4e2a\u7701\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f58\u5e74\u300159\u5e74\u300160\u5e74\u4e0d\u662f\u4e25\u91cd\u5929\u707e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u770b\u5462\uff0c‘\u5929\u707e’\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u4e0d\u592a\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a‘\u4eba\u7978’\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u5931\u8bef\u3002”<\/span>

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5f53\u5e74\u662f\u5426\u903c\u503a\u4e86\u5462\uff1f\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u793e\u957f\u5434\u51b7\u897f\u57281999\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u5341\u5e74\u8bba\u6218(1956–1966)–\u4e2d\u82cf\u5173\u7cfb\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u56de\u5fc6\u8bf4\uff0c1960\u5e747\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u51b3\u5b9a\u53ec\u56de\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd8\u503a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u81ea\u5df1\u51b3\u5b9a\u63d0\u524d\u8fd8\u503a\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ca1\u6709\u903c\u503a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5411\u56f0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f38\u51fa\u4e86\u63f4\u52a9\u4e4b\u624b\u30021961\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u501f\u7ed9\u4e2d\u56fd20\u4e07\u5428\u7cae\u98df\uff0c“\u4f7f\u4e1c\u5317\u7cae\u98df\u56f0\u5883\u53ca\u65f6\u5f97\u5230\u7f13\u89e3\u3002”1961\u5e742\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u81f4\u51fd\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u9274\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u751f\u98df\u54c1\u4f9b\u5e94\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u613f\u610f\u4ee5\u8d37\u6b3e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u63d0\u4f9b100\u4e07\u5428\u7cae\u98df\u548c50\u4e07\u5428\u53e4\u5df4\u7cd6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u6613\u8d27\u8d38\u6613\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea4\u8d27\u7684\u4ef7\u503c10\u4ebf\u5362\u5e03\u8d27\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u52065\u5e74\u507f\u8fd8\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba1\u5229\u606f\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u5bf9\u6b64\u8868\u793a“\u6211\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u73cd\u89c6\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u8877\u5fc3\u611f\u8c22\u82cf\u8054\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u3001\u82cf\u8054\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u6c11\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u56fd\u9645\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u63f4\u52a9”\u3002<\/span>

*\u515a\u53f2\uff1a\u53d1\u52a8“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u613f\u671b\u4e00\u81f4*<\/span>

“\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5386\u53f2”\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u65f6\u6307\u51fa\uff1a“\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u53d1\u52a8‘\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb’\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff0c\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u901f\u5ea6\u5c3d\u5feb\u6539\u53d8\u8d2b\u7a77\u843d\u540e\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c……\u8fd9\u79cd\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5e7f\u5927\u5e72\u90e8\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u666e\u904d\u613f\u671b\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e…..\u5938\u5927\u4e3b\u89c2\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u4e3b\u89c2\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c…\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u8fdd\u53cd\u81ea\u7136\u89c4\u5f8b\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5934\u8111\u53d1\u70ed\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c……\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u90a3\u4e2a\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u6025\u4e8e\u6539\u53d8\u4e2d\u56fd‘\u4e00\u7a77\u4e8c\u767d’\u843d\u540e\u9762\u8c8c\u7684\u5fc3\u60c5\u800c\u840c\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u73b0\u8c61\u3002”<\/span>

*\u5927\u9965\u8352\u4e3b\u56e0\uff1a\u9ad8\u6307\u6807\u3001\u9ad8\u5f81\u8d2d\u3001\u516c\u793e\u98df\u5802*<\/span>

“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u9ad8\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u8c0e\u62a5\u4ea7\u91cf\uff0c\u641e\u865a\u5047\u7e41\u8363\u30021958\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u4f30\u8ba1\u5e76\u6b63\u5f0f\u516c\u5e03\u5f53\u5e74\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u5c06\u6bd41957\u5e74\u589e\u4ea760%\u523090%\uff0c\u8fbe\u52306000\u4ebf\u52307000\u4ebf\u65a4\u3002\u5e74\u5e95\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53c8\u4f30\u8ba1\u62108500\u4ebf\u65a4\u3002\u76f4\u52301959\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u4e0a\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u88ab\u9ad8\u4f30\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7cae\u98df\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4ea7\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u4ea7\u91cf\u67095000\u4ebf\u65a4\u3002<\/span>

\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5747\u7cae\u98df\u5360\u6709\u91cf\u5c06\u8fbe\u52301300\u65a4\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u4eba\u5747\u7cae\u98df\u6d88\u8017500\u65a4\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u544a\u8bc9\u8001\u767e\u59d3“\u653e\u5f00\u809a\u76ae\u5403\u996d”\u3002\u52301958\u5e74\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77“\u5403\u996d\u4e0d\u8981\u94b1”\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u516c\u793e\u516c\u5171\u98df\u5802340\u591a\u4e07\u4e2a\uff0c\u655e\u5f00\u53e3\u5403\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u6838\u5b9e\u76841958\u5e74\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u53ea\u67094000\u4ebf\u65a4\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u519c\u6c11“\u5bc5\u5403\u536f\u7cae”\uff0c\u6ca1\u8fc7\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u5bb6\u91cc\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u88ab\u98df\u5802\u6536\u8d70\u4e86\uff0c\u98df\u5802\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u5403\u5149\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6328\u997f\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u3002<\/span>

\u9020\u6210\u5927\u9965\u8352\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u9ad8\u79ef\u7d2f\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u7cae\u98df“\u7edf\u8d2d\u7edf\u9500”\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u7cae\u98df\u7b49\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u79ef\u7d2f\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u30021958\u5e74\u52301960\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u4e2d\u56fd\u7cae\u98df\u8fde\u7eed\u51cf\u4ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8d44\u91d1\u79ef\u7d2f\u5374\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u884c\u7cae\u98df“\u7edf\u8d2d\u7edf\u9500”\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9884\u4f30\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u786e\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f81\u8d2d\u548c\u8d2d\u4e70“\u4f59\u7cae”\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u865a\u62a5\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u88ab\u8feb\u5c06\u53e3\u7cae\u5f53\u505a\u5f81\u8d2d\u7cae\u548c“\u4f59\u7cae”\u4ea4\u7ed9\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u519c\u6c11\u4eba\u5747\u6bcf\u5929\u53e3\u7cae\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e00\u65a4\uff0c\u91cd\u707e\u533a\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u4e24\u3002<\/span>

*\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u5426\u53ca\u65f6\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e86\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1f*<\/span>

“\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5386\u53f2”\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5377\u5728\u6709\u5173\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a“\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u5c31\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u52aa\u529b\u7ea0\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u3002”<\/span>

\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u9965\u8352\u95ee\u9898\u6d6e\u73b0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9057\u4f59\u529b\u5730\u63a8\u52a8\u516c\u793e\u98df\u5802\u3002<\/span>

\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65e9\u57281959\u5e743\u6708\u5230\u6cb3\u5357\u89c6\u5bdf\u65f6\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52b3\u529b\u90fd\u88ab\u8c03\u53bb\u5927\u70bc\u94a2\u94c1\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u519c\u4e1a\u4ea7\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c \u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7684\u6d6e\u5938\u98ce\u9020\u6210\u519c\u4e1a\u7e41\u8363\u7684\u5047\u8c61\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5efa\u7acb\u516c\u793e\u96c6\u4f53\u98df\u5802\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5750\u5403\u5c71\u7a7a\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u95ee\u9898\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d6e\u4e0a\u53f0\u9762\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4ecd\u7136\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u52a8\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u653f\u7b56\uff1a<\/span>

1959\u5e746\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u6269\u5927\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u91cd\u7533\u8981\u79ef\u6781\u529e\u597d\u516c\u5171\u98df\u5802\u3002<\/span>

1959\u5e747\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u53ec\u5f00“\u5e90\u5c71\u4f1a\u8bae”\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6c11\u95f4\u7684\u9965\u8352\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u636e\u6211\u770b\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5c3d\u662f\u4e9b\u9e21\u6bdb\u849c\u76ae\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u9519\u4e86\u3002”“\u6210\u7ee9\u662f\u4e5d\u4e2a\u6307\u5934\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5934\u3002”<\/span>

1959\u5e747\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u59d4\u5458\u3001\u526f\u603b\u7406\u517c\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u957f\u5f6d\u5fb7\u6000\u7ed9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u79c1\u4eba\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u5bf9“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\u4e2d\u7684“\u6d6e\u5938\u98ce\u6c14”\u548c“\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u72c2\u70ed\u6027”\u63d0\u51fa\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u57288\u67082\u65e5\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u5728\u5e90\u5c71\u5f00\u4f1a\u65f6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5f6d\u5fb7\u6000“\u8981\u653b\u51fb\u603b\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u60f3\u7834\u574f\u603b\u8def\u7ebf”\u3002\u5f6d\u5fb7\u6000\u53ca\u5176\u652f\u6301\u8005\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u6253\u6210“\u53cd\u515a\u96c6\u56e2”\u3002<\/span>

\u52301960\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u516c\u793e\u7684\u516c\u5171\u98df\u5802\u8fbe\u5230392\u4e07\u4e2a\uff0c\u5403\u996d\u7684\u4eba\u8fbe\u52304\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u519c\u6751\u4eba\u53e3\u768472.6%\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u80fd\u591f\u57281959\u5e74\u521d\u5236\u6b62\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u88ab\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u53c8\u5ef6\u957f\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u3002<\/span>

*\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8981\u6c42\u519c\u6c11\u52d2\u7d27\u809a\u76ae*<\/span>

\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5927\u9965\u8352\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u519c\u4e1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u51cf\u4ea7\u4f46\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u5439\u5618\u9ad8\u4ea7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u88ab\u8feb\u5c06\u53e3\u7cae\u5f53\u505a“\u4f59\u7cae”\u4ea4\u7ed9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u519c\u6c11\u53e3\u7cae\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/span>

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u519c\u6c11\u7f3a\u7cae\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e8e1959\u5e747\u67085\u65e5\u5728“\u5e90\u5c71\u4f1a\u8bae”\u671f\u95f4\u6307\u793a\uff1a“\u544a\u8bc9\u519c\u6c11\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u7ce0\u83dc\u534a\u5e74\u7cae”\u3002“\u5fd9\u65f6\u591a\u5403\uff0c\u95f2\u65f6\u5c11\u5403\uff0c\u6709\u7a00\u6709\u5e72\uff0c\u7cae\u83dc\u6df7\u5403”\u3002<\/span>

\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u9488\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u5728\u4ea7\u91cf\u5267\u51cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5374\u589e\u52a0\u7cae\u98df\u5f81\u8d2d\u989d\u30021959\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u4eba\u5747\u7cae\u98df\u62e5\u6709\u91cf\u53ea\u67091958\u5e74\u768477%\u3002<\/span>

\u968f\u7740\u5404\u5730\u9965\u8352\u60c5\u51b5\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c1959\u5e742\u30013\u6708\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u6839\u636e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u6307\u793a\u53d1\u51fa\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u5730\u5236\u6b62\u9965\u997f\u519c\u6c11\u5916\u9003\u5230\u5916\u5730\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u57ce\u5e02\u5bfb\u627e\u6d3b\u8def\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u6c11\u5175\u628a\u5b88\u6751\u53e3\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u519c\u6c11\u9003\u8352\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/span>

*\u9a87\u4eba\u542c\u95fb\u7684“\u4fe1\u9633\u4e8b\u4ef6”*<\/span>

\u5728“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\u5e74\u4ee3\u8bde\u751f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6c11\u516c\u793e\u7684\u6cb3\u5357\u7701\u4fe1\u9633\u5730\u533a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9707\u60ca\u5168\u56fd\u7684“\u4fe1\u9633\u4e8b\u4ef6”\u30021959\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u6bd41958\u5e74\u51cf\u4ea750%\uff0c\u53ea\u670920\u591a\u4ebf\u65a4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u865a\u62a5\u4e3a72\u4ebf\u65a4\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5f81\u8d2d\u7cae\u6bd4\u4e0a\u4e00\u5e74\u589e\u52a018%\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5f81\u8d2d\u7cae\u548c“\u4f59\u7cae”\u662f\u5404\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u548c\u6c11\u5175\u6253\u3001\u903c\u3001\u641c\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u67091\u4e07\u591a\u4eba\u88ab\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u6b7b\u5728\u76d1\u72f1\u548c\u62d8\u7559\u6240\u91cc\u7684\u8fbe700\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5168\u5e74\u7684\u53e3\u7cae\u5c31\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b100\u591a\u65a4\uff0c\u4ec5\u591f\u5403\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u3002<\/span>

\u4e2d\u5171\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c“\u4fe1\u9633\u4e8b\u4ef6”\u670950\u4e07\u4eba\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u5b57\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u526f\u603b\u7406\u674e\u5148\u5ff5\u548c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u5357\u5c40\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u9676\u94f81960\u5e7411\u670812\u65e5\u5230\u4fe1\u9633\u8c03\u67e5\u30025\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9676\u94f8\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6211\u770b\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6570\u5b57\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e0b\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf100\u591a\u4e07\u4e86\u3002”\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e01\u6292\u6839\u636e\u4fe1\u9633\u5730\u533a17\u4e2a\u53bf\u5e02\u7684\u53bf\u5fd7\u63a8\u7b97\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u662f100\u4e07\u4eba\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u5360\u6cb3\u5357\u7701\u5728\u5927\u9965\u8352\u4e2d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4eba\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u3002<\/span>

\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4fe1\u9633\u5730\u59d4\u526f\u4e66\u8bb0\u3001\u884c\u653f\u516c\u7f72\u4e13\u5458\u5f20\u6811\u85e9\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a“\u5f53\u65f6\u4fe1\u9633\u5730\u533a\u997f\u6b7b\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6ca1\u6709\u7cae\u98df\uff0c\u6240\u5c5e\u5927\u5c0f\u7cae\u5e93\u90fd\u662f\u6ee1\u6ee1\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u7fa4\u4f17\u5b81\u53ef\u997f\u6b7b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u62a2\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cae\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u8840\u8089\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u542c\u8bdd\uff0c\u591a\u4e48\u9075\u7eaa\u5b88\u6cd5\uff0c\u591a\u4e48\u76f8\u4fe1\u515a\u3002”<\/span>

\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u53ca\u65f6\u5f00\u4ed3\u653e\u7cae\u8d48\u707e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u5728\u4ee4\u4eba\u532a\u5937\u6240\u601d\u3002\u519c\u6c11\u4e0d\u6562\u62a2\u7cae\u5e93\uff0c\u5219\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u3002\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u4e4b\u6625\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e3b\u7f16\u80e1\u5e73\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5982\u679c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u65e9\u671f‘\u9547\u53cd’\u3001\u571f\u6539\u90a3\u79cd\u6b8b\u9177\u8840\u8165\uff0c\u5927\u9965\u8352\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5c31\u672a\u5fc5\u4f1a\u90a3\u4e48\u987a\u4ece\u3002\u5927\u9965\u8352\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u90a3\u4e9b\u519c\u6c11\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u8d77\u6765\u53cd\u6297\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u662f\u60f9\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u3002”<\/span>

*\u5927\u9965\u8352\u4ece\u519c\u6751\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u57ce\u5e02*<\/span>

1960\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7cae\u98df\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u4ea7\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u4eba\u5747\u7cae\u98df\u5360\u6709\u91cf\u53ea\u6709312\u65a4\uff0c\u52301961\u5e74\u53c8\u51cf\u4e3a307\u65a4\u3002\u5404\u7701\u997f\u6b7b\u7684\u4eba\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5b98\u5458\u4eec\u4e0d\u6562\u518d\u5439\u725b\u4e86\uff0c\u53cd\u8fc7\u5934\u6765\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5411\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4f38\u624b\u8981\u6551\u6d4e\u7cae\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9700\u6c42\u91cf\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u56fd\u5e93\u7a7a\u865a\u30021960\u5e745\u670828\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u53d1\u51fa\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u8c03\u8fd0\u7cae\u98df\u7684\u7d27\u6025\u6307\u793a\u300b\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5317\u4eac\u3001\u5929\u6d25\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77\u548c\u8fbd\u5b81\u7701\u8c03\u5165\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u90fd\u4e0d\u591f\u9500\u552e\uff0c\u5e93\u5b58\u51e0\u4e4e\u6316\u7a7a\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u59cb\u7ed9\u57ce\u9547\u4eba\u53e3\u51cf\u5c11\u7cae\u98df\u5b9a\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u8fde\u4e2d\u5357\u6d77\u91cc\u7684\u515a\u653f\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb“\u7701\u5403\u4fed\u7528”\u3002<\/span>

1961\u5e745\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u526f\u603b\u7406\u674e\u5148\u5ff5\u7ed9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5199\u4fe1\u62a5\u544a\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u7cae\u98df\u5e93\u5b58\u544a\u6025\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u624d\u88ab\u8feb\u505c\u6b62“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u4e2d\u592e\u9886\u5bfc\u5b98\u5458\u5230\u5730\u65b9\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u3001\u5468\u6069\u6765\u3001\u6731\u5fb7\u3001\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u5404\u5730\u8c03\u67e5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7eb7\u7eb7\u544a\u77e5\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u516c\u5171\u98df\u5802\u3001\u5171\u4ea7\u98ce\u548c“\u6d6e\u5938\u98ce”\u5f0a\u75c5\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u88ab\u8feb\u627f\u8ba4\uff1a“\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u98df\u5802\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8c03\u67e5……\u6ca1\u6709\u542c\u53d6\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u3002”“\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u6211\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u6211\u8d1f\u4e3b\u8981\u8d23\u4efb\u3002”1961\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u7ec8\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u89e3\u6563\u519c\u6751\u7684\u516c\u5171\u98df\u5802\u3002<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90: \u6208\u6c38\u8f89\u62cd\u6444 \u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u7167\u7247\u663e\u793a\u4eba\u5750\u5728\u5bc6\u690d\u7684\u7a3b\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5404\u5730\u7ade\u76f8\u4f2a\u9020\u7cae\u98df\u9ad8\u4ea7\uff0c\u79cd\u4e0b\u5927\u9965\u8352\u6076\u679c\u3002 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-issues","category-first","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21222"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21222\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}