{"id":23333,"date":"2011-11-10T06:14:00","date_gmt":"2011-11-10T06:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=23333 "},"modified":"2011-11-10T06:14:00","modified_gmt":"2011-11-10T06:14:00","slug":"23333-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=23333","title":{"rendered":"\u6731\u5065\u56fd\uff1a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u4e09\u539f\u8272\uff1a\u5b59\u3001\u8881\u3001\u9ec4\u2014\u2014\u5173\u4e8e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u9ec4\u5174\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u7eaa\u5ff5\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u4e00\u767e\u5468\u5e74\u5f81\u6587<\/strong>


\u63d0\u8981\uff1a\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4ee5“\u5b59\u8272”\u548c“\u9ec4\u8272”\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u5171\u5219\u4ee5“\u5b59\u8272”\u548c“\u8881\u8272”\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff1b\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u6700\u7ec8\u629b\u5f03“\u5b59\u8272”\u7688\u4f9d“\u9ec4\u8272”\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u5171\u5219\u53ea\u662f\u5229\u7528“\u9ec4\u8272”“\u4e0b\u6d77”\uff0c\u8d5a\u94b1\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53c8\u5f03\u7edd“\u9ec4\u8272”\uff0c\u91cd\u5f39“\u5b59\u8272”“\u8881\u8272”——\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u65b0\u653f\uff0c\u5927\u6709\u56de\u5f52\u5b59\u8881\u4e24\u539f\u8272\u7684\u5984\u60f3——\u5176\u5341\u4e03\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u63a8\u8fdb\u6587\u5316\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u660e\u660e\u767d\u767d\u5ba3\u5e03\u60f3\u4ee5\u6587\u5316\u6269\u5f20\u4e4b\u8def\u91cd\u65b0\u5f3a\u5316“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u548c“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u3002<\/strong>


\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u5df2\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a“\u8272\u5f69\u7a7a\u95f4”\uff0c\u5176\u4e09\u539f\u8272\u4e5f\u5df2\u6c34\u843d\u77f3\u51fa\uff1a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u9ec4\u5174\uff0c\u4e09\u4eba\u5b9e\u4e3a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u4e09\u539f\u8272\uff0c\u767e\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e8e\u662f\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5b59\u3001\u8881\u3001\u9ec4\u4e09\u8272\u7684\u4ea4\u66ff\u53d8\u5e7b\u3002

\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u900f\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u989c\u8272\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u8c03\u914d\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u7684“\u57fa\u672c\u8272”\u79f0\u4e3a\u539f\u8272\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c06\u539f\u8272\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u989c\u8272\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u8089\u773c\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u989c\u8272\u7684\u611f\u5149\u4f53\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u89c1\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u7a7a\u95f4\u603b\u662f\u7531\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u8272\u6240\u8868\u8fbe——\u8fd9\u79cd“\u4e09\u539f\u8272”\u53c8\u6709“\u53e0\u52a0\u578b”\u4e0e“\u6d88\u51cf\u578b”\uff1a “\u53e0\u52a0\u578b”\u4e09\u539f\u8272\u662f\u7ea2\u8272\u3001\u7eff\u8272\u3001\u84dd\u8272\uff0c\u6d88\u51cf\u578b\u7684\u4e09\u539f\u8272\u662f\u54c1\u7ea2\u8272\u3001\u9ec4\u8272\u3001\u9752\u8272\u3002

\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5f15\u5165\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u4e5f\u6709“\u4e09\u539f\u8272”\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\u7684“\u5b59\u8272”\u662f“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u539f\u8272\uff0c\u4ee5\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684“\u8881\u8272”\u662f“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u7684\u539f\u8272\uff0c\u4ee5\u9ec4\u5174\u4e3a\u4eae\u70b9\u7684“\u9ec4\u8272”\u662f“\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”\u7684\u539f\u8272\u3002

\u56e0“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u3001 “\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u3001 “\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”\u4e09\u539f\u8272\u4ea7\u751f\u7684“\u57fa\u5e95\u5411\u91cf”\uff0c\u767e\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4ee5“\u515a\u5929\u4e0b”\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u515a——\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5171\uff0c\u7686\u6df1\u53d7“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”“\u5b59\u8272”\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff0c\u662f\u7565\u6709\u51e0\u4e1d\u4e61\u6751\u81ea\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684“\u4e00\u515a\u8bad\u653f”\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\uff0c\u662f“\u666e\u5929\u4e4b\u4e0b\u83ab\u975e\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u7684“\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u52a0\u65af\u5927\u6797”\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5c71\u6cb3\u6beb\u65e0\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u800c\u53d7 “\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”“\u8881\u8272”\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5916\u4e89\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u4e0e\u82cf\u5171\u7ffb\u8138\u4e89\u5f53\u56fd\u9645\u5171\u8fd0\u8001\u5927\uff0c\u5185\u53d1\u6587\u9769\u590d\u8f9f\u5e1d\u5236\uff0c\u5c06“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7a7f\u8d8a\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u65f6\u7a7a\u96a7\u9053\u7684“\u79e6\u59cb\u7687”\u3002

\u8f9b\u4ea5\u65f6\u6700\u4e0d\u5f97\u5fd7\u7684 “\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”“\u9ec4\u8272”\uff0c\u76f4\u52301980\u5e74\u4ee3\u624d\u91cd\u89c1\u5929\u65e5\uff0c\u9644\u4f53\u848b\u7ecf\u56fd\u4e0e\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73——\u848b\u7ecf\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5f00\u653e\u515a\u7981\u62a5\u7981\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u840c\u82bd\u4e86\u4e24\u515a\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u653f\uff1b\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u653e\u5f03“\u515a\u5929\u4e0b”\u7684“\u56db\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219”\uff0c\u4e5f\u6682\u505c\u4e86\u66b4\u529b\u7edf\u4e00\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u548c“\u4ee5\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u4e3a\u7eb2”\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86“\u4e00\u56fd\u4e24\u5236”\u7684\u6743\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8ba1——\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u90fd\u6709\u9ec4\u5174“\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”\u539f\u8272\u7ec8\u4e8e\u8f6e\u56de\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002

\u767e\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u53ef\u8bf4\u524d\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u548c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u4e24\u539f\u8272\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8c03\uff0c\u540e\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u5219\u662f\u9ec4\u5174“\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”\u539f\u8272\u6682\u65f6\u4e0a\u98ce\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4ee5“\u5b59\u8272”\u548c“\u9ec4\u8272”\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u5171\u5219\u4ee5“\u5b59\u8272”\u548c“\u8881\u8272”\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff1b\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u6700\u7ec8\u629b\u5f03“\u5b59\u8272”\u7688\u4f9d“\u9ec4\u8272”\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u5171\u5219\u53ea\u662f\u5229\u7528“\u9ec4\u8272”“\u4e0b\u6d77”\uff0c\u8d5a\u94b1\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53c8\u5f03\u7edd“\u9ec4\u8272”\uff0c\u91cd\u5f39“\u5b59\u8272” “\u8881\u8272”——\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u65b0\u653f\uff0c\u5927\u6709\u56de\u5f52\u5b59\u8881\u4e24\u539f\u8272\u7684\u5984\u60f3——\u5176\u5341\u4e03\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u63a8\u8fdb\u6587\u5316\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u660e\u660e\u767d\u767d\u5ba3\u5e03\u60f3\u4ee5\u6587\u5316\u6269\u5f20\u4e4b\u8def\u91cd\u65b0\u5f3a\u5316“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u548c“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u3002

\u8981\u60f3\u904f\u5236\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u548c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8fdc\u9ec4\u5174\u8fd1\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u5148\u7ec6\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b59\u3001\u8881\u3001\u9ec4\u4e09\u4eba\u7684\u539f\u8272\u521d\u671f\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002

\u4ece\u6b66\u6c49\u770b\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71<\/strong>
                                                       
\u6eda\u6eda“\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u767e\u5e74\u7eaa\u5ff5”\u5927\u6f6e\uff0c\u8d60\u4eba\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u6df1\u7814\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u96be\u5f97\u673a\u9047\u3002\u5728\u5173\u4e8e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u5df2\u8ba9\u4eba\u5ba1\u7f8e\u75b2\u52b3\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7814\u8ba8\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b59\u6587\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u6b66\u6c49\u770b\u5b59\uff0c\u5c31\u522b\u6709\u4e00\u756a\u98ce\u666f\uff0c\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e“\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u800c\u884c“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u91cd\u56fd\u8f7b\u6c11\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4f9d\u636e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u66fe\u8385\u6c49\u4e94\u5929\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8054\u7cfb\u5b59\u540e\u6765\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u4e8e\u6df1\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u7684“\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u3002

“\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u8fd9\u4e00\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662f1949\u5e74\u524d\u540e\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u30022011\u5e748\u670819\u65e5\uff0c\u51e4\u51f0\u53f0\u5728\u8bb2\u8ff0“\u56e0\u7a0e\u8d4b\u8fc7\u9ad8 \uff0c\u5ef6\u5b89\u519c\u6c11\u66fe\u5492\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u88ab\u96f7\u6253\u6b7b”\u6545\u4e8b\u65f6\u8bf4\uff0c1943\u5e74\u521d\u79cb\uff0c\u5341\u4e5d\u5c81\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u5458\u66f9\u706b\u661f\uff0c\u968f\u664b\u5bdf\u5180\u8fb9\u533a\u7fa4\u4f17\u5267\u793e\u6765\u5230\u971e\u4e91\u5cad\u5802\u4e0a\u6751\u6f14\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u5f53\u5730“\u9738\u738b\u97ad”\u66f2\u5f0f\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u9996\u6b4c\uff1a\u300a\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u6d41\u4f20\u52301948\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u58eb\u7ae0\u4e43\u5668\u6307\u51fa\u6b4c\u8bcd\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0d\u59a5\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u51e0\u5343\u5e74\uff0c\u600e\u80fd\u8bf4“\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd”\uff1f\u5e94\u8be5\u5728“\u56fd\u5bb6”\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e2a“\u65b0”\u5b57——\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709“\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u30021949\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u5317\u5e73\u5f53\u9762\u544a\u77e5\u7ae0\u4e43\u5668\uff1a\u4f60\u63d0\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u8ba9\u4f5c\u8005\u628a\u6b4c\u8bcd\u6539\u6210“\u6ca1\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u3002

\u8fd9\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f88\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u4f46\u6b66\u6c49\u4e00\u767e\u96f6\u56db\u5c81\u7684\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u8001\u4eba\u55bb\u80b2\u4e4b\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u8ba1\u5212\u5efa\u8bbe“\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u683c\u5c40\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u548c\u4e2d\u5171\uff0c\u800c\u662f1912\u5e744\u6708“\u8584\u6e38\u6b66\u6c49”\u4e94\u5929\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3002

\u55bb\u80b2\u4e4b\u8bb0\u5f97\uff0c1912\u5e744\u67081\u65e5\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7985\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u9080\u4e8e4\u67089\u65e5\u6765\u6c49\uff0c\u4e0e\u6c5f\u57ce\u519b\u6c11\u63a2\u8ba8“\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u4e94\u5929\u3002\u5f53\u65e5\u4e0a\u5348\u62b5\u8fbe\u6b66\u660c “\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u9102\u519b\u90fd\u7763\u5e9c”\uff08\u4eca\u9605\u9a6c\u573a\u7ea2\u697c\uff09\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5c31\u5bf9\u526f\u603b\u7edf\u9ece\u5143\u6d2a\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6b64\u6b21\u89e3\u804c\u6e38\u9102\uff0c\u6170\u52b3\u9996\u4e49\u540c\u5fd7\u519b\u6c11\uff0c\u52d6\u52c9\u7cbe\u8bda\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u30024\u670813\u65e5\u79bb\u6c49\u65f6\uff0c\u53c8\u5f3a\u8c03“\u4e0e\u6211\u9102\u4e2d\u7236\u8001\u6606\u5f1f\u5468\u65cb\u4e8e\u4e00\u5802\uff0c\u6170\u767e\u6218\u4e4b\u8f9b\u52b3\uff0c\u8c0b\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e4b\u7aef\u7eea\u3002……\u5176\u4e0d\u5c3d\u4e4b\u60c5\uff0c\u7559\u5f85\u4ed6\u65e5\u91cd\u6765\u3002”\uff08\u8be6\u89c1\u5218\u4e00\u66d9\u300a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u6b66\u6c49\u7684\u4e94\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u300b\uff09

\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u81ea\u5468\u4ee3\u51fa\u73b0“\u4e2d\u56fd”\u4e00\u8bcd\u4e09\u5343\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa“\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u4e4b\u6784\u60f3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\uff0c\u6881\u542f\u8d851902\u5e74\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u5c0f\u8bf4\u300a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u8bb0\u300b\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5“\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”“\u65b0\u6c11”\u6587\u5316\u89c2\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684“\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u9996\u6b21\u5b9e\u65bd\u8bbe\u8ba1“\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u5212\u3002

\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4f55\u4ee5\u5728\u6b66\u6c49\u9996\u63d0“\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u4e3a“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u9020\u76ae\uff1f\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u662f\u5176\u9009\u90fd\u4e4b\u609f\uff0c\u5b59\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a“\u81f3\u4e8e\u5efa\u90fd\u5357\u4eac\u3001\u6b66\u660c\uff0c\u7686\u6709\u540c\u7b49\u4ef7\u503c”\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u662f\u6b66\u6c49\u8ba9\u5b59\u60f3\u5230\u4e0d\u8fdc\u5904\u7684\u795e\u79d8\u4e09\u5ce1\uff0c\u53ef\u5efa\u8bbe“\u4e09\u5ce1\u5de5\u7a0b”\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c34\u529b\u53d1\u7535\u5f15\u5bfc“\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u7ecf\u6d4e\u80fd\u6e90\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u706b\u7206\u813e\u6c14\u7684\u6b66\u6c49\u4eba\u5bf9\u5b59\u7684\u795e\u5316\u819c\u62dc\uff0c\u6269\u5f20\u4e86\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u5b59\u5927\u70ae\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u91cd\u515a\u8f7b\u4eba\u3001\u91cd\u56fd\u8f7b\u6c11\u7684\u975e\u5171\u548c\u75c5\u7076\u5927\u4e3a\u81a8\u80c0\u3002

\u8868\u9762\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5021\u5bfc“\u4e09\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49”\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u6c11\u65cf\u3001\u6c11\u6743\u3001\u6c11\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b59\u53ea\u662f“\u4e00\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49”\u548c“\u4e00\u515a\u4e3b\u4e49”\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u53ea\u4ee5\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3a\u5927\uff0c\u4ee5“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u4e3a\u662f\uff0c\u800c\u4ece\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u5c0a\u91cd\u6c11\u6743\u6c11\u751f\uff0c\u66f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u4eba\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u535a\u7231\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002

\u5176\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u9769\u547d\u53e3\u53f7——1905\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u5b59\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u6210\u7acb“\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u76df\u4f1a”\u65f6\u7684“\u9a71\u9664\u9791\u864f\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u4e2d\u534e”\u9769\u547d\u653f\u7eb2\uff0c\u5c31\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86“\u9791\u864f”——\u6ee1\u4eba——\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u5927\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u65cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u6709\u751f\u5b58\u6743\u548c\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u53ca\u88ab\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\uff0c\u600e\u80fd“\u9a71\u9664”\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u8bf4“\u9791\u864f”\u6ee1\u4eba\u66fe\u6709\u5c06\u5f53\u6c49\u4eba\u5165\u53e6\u518c\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u548c\u79cd\u65cf\u538b\u8feb\uff0c\u6c49\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef“\u4ee5\u5176\u4eba\u4e4b\u9053\u8fd8\u6cbb\u5176\u8eab”\uff0c\u4ee5\u66b4\u6613\u66b4\u3002

\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u654c\u4eba\u610f\u8bc6\u592a\u5f3a\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ea\u6709\u5c06\u4e00\u5207\u654c\u4eba\u89c6\u4e3a\u75c5\u4eba\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u548c\u5e73\u8fdc\u6050\u6016——\u6ee1\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u538b\u8feb\u6c49\u4eba\u7684“\u9791\u864f”\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u60a3\u4e86\u79cd\u65cf\u6b67\u89c6\u75c5\uff0c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6551\u6cbb\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u800c\u975e\u7f6e\u4e4b\u6b7b\u5730\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u3002\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u60f3\u4e13\u653f\uff0c\u60f3\u79f0\u5e1d\uff0c\u7686\u662f\u75c5\u6001\u3002\u4f46\u5b66\u8fc7\u533b\u7684\u5b59\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u6cbb\u75c5\u6551\u4eba\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6253\u5012\u4e0e\u9769\u547d\u4e13\u653f\u4e4b\u5fd7\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u5c06\u521a\u9003\u51fa\u6218\u4e71\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u518d\u6b21\u62d6\u5165\u4e86“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d”\u548c“\u62a4\u56fd\u8ba8\u8881”\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u9677\u9631\u3002\u5176\u65f6\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5982\u679c\u771f\u6b63\u656c\u754f\u6c11\u6743\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u5171\u548c\uff0c\u60f3\u5230\u8ba9\u767e\u59d3\u514d\u9664\u6218\u4e71\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6c11\u751f\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u5c06\u6e05\u5ef7\u548c\u5e73\u900a\u4f4d\u540e\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u53d8\u4e3a\u519b\u9600\u6df7\u6218\u515a\u4eba\u4e89\u4f10\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4e71\u4e16\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e86\u3002

\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u7231\u9769\u547d\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u6539\u826f\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u515a\u8bad\u653f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5171\u548c\u5171\u751f\uff0c\u53ea\u77e5\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u540e\u9000\uff0c\u53ea\u77e5\u56fa\u6267\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u504f\u6fc0\u8005\u3002\u5176\u6807\u699c\u7684“\u535a\u7231”\uff0c\u7eaf\u5c5e\u5ffd\u60a0\u30021912\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u672c\u662f\u5404\u515a\u5404\u6d3e\u5171\u548c\u5efa\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u59a4\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u4f46\u5b59\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u5ba3\u8a93\u5c31\u4efb\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd“\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf”\u65f6\uff0c\u5374\u5c06\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u80dc\u5229\u529f\u52b3\u5168\u5f52\u4e8e\u5176\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ee5“\u5367\u69bb\u4e4b\u4fa7\uff0c\u5c82\u5bb9\u4ed6\u4eba\u9163\u7761”\u5bf9\u5f85\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52a8\u6c11\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u516d\u5927\u529b\u91cf\uff081\u3001\u4f1a\u515a\uff1b2\u3001\u7acb\u5baa\u515a\u4eba\uff1b3\u3001\u5149\u590d\u4f1a\uff1b4\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u793e\u548c\u5171\u8fdb\u4f1a\uff1b5\u3001\u67d0\u4e9b\u6ee1\u6e05\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\uff1b6\u3001\u5317\u6d0b\u7cfb\u519b\u653f\u4eba\u5458\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6392\u65a5\u5f02\u515a\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u6148\u79a7\u865a\u8c08\u5baa\u653f\u6545\u4f0e\uff0c\u5927\u529b\u7279\u7533\u5148\u884c“\u519b\u653f\u3001\u8bad\u653f”\u6cbb\u56fd\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03 “\u8bad\u653f\u65f6\u671f\u4f18\u5148\u57fa\u7840\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5e94\u5b9e\u884c\u4e00\u515a\u6267\u653f\u3002 ”\u9020\u6210“\u4e00\u515a\u5236\u4e07\u80fd\u653f\u5e9c”\u4e4b\u63a8\u884c\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u515a\u9b41\u4e13\u653f\uff0c\u4ece\u9636\u7ea7\u6050\u6016\u3001\u5168\u6c11\u6050\u6016\u6269\u5c55\u4e3a\u515a\u5185\u6050\u6016——\u5728\u7ec4\u5efa\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u540e\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u6307\u6325\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u8f9b\u4ea5\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u4e24\u80a1\u529b\u91cf\uff1a\u4f1a\u515a\u548c\u5149\u590d\u4f1a\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u53c8\u706d\u4e86\u5149\u590d\u4f1a——\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u4f3a\u673a\u6697\u6740\u4e86\u5149\u590d\u4f1a\u9996\u9886\u9676\u6210\u7ae0\uff0c\u80e1\u6c49\u6c11\u6740\u5bb3\u4e86\u5149\u590d\u7ca4\u4e1c\u7684\u6c55\u5934\u6c11\u519b\u5c06\u9886\u8bb8\u96ea\u6e6b\uff08\u5149\u590d\u4f1a\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53c8\u4ee5\u7acb\u8db3\u672c\u515a\u5229\u76ca\u7684“\u5357\u4eac\u7ea6\u6cd5”\u56f4\u56f0\u5317\u6d0b\u7cfb\u548c\u7acb\u5baa\u515a\u4eba\uff0c\u903c\u8feb\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5728\u6709\u804c\u65e0\u6743\u7684\u6124\u6068\u4e2d\u5012\u9000\u79f0\u5e1d\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u56de\u5f52\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e5f\u85c9\u6d41\u4ea1\u65e5\u672c\u91cd\u7ec4\u653f\u515a\u4e4b\u673a\uff0c\u8ba9\u5168\u515a\u5982\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u4e00\u6837\u6309\u624b\u5370\u6548\u5fe0\u4ed6\uff0c\u767b\u4e0a\u4e86\u7edd\u5bf9\u9886\u8896\u7684\u515a\u9b41\u4e13\u653f\u3002\u903c\u5f97\u771f\u8bda\u5171\u548c\u7684\u9ec4\u5174\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\uff0c\u62b1\u6068\u800c\u901d\u3002

1916\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u8521\u9537\u3001\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u591a\u65b9\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\uff0c“\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5”\u88ab\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u5357\u5317\u518d\u6b21\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5171\u548c\u65f6\u673a\u53c8\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4ecd\u7136\u575a\u6301\u5176“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\uff0c\u4e0e\u5317\u6d0b\u7cfb\u518d\u6b21\u9677\u5165\u4e92\u4e0d\u4e70\u8d26\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u7ec8\u81f31917\u5e74\u5f20\u52cb\u590d\u8f9f\uff0c\u9a71\u9010\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e8c\u5e9f\u7ea6\u6cd5\u3002\u5f85\u5230\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u9a71\u9010\u4e86\u5f20\u52cb\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u53c8\u5ba3\u5e03\u53cd\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u8054\u5408\u5357\u65b9\u8bf8\u7701\u7ec4\u5efa\u62a4\u6cd5\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u5176\u7ec4\u7ec7“\u5317\u4f10\u62a4\u6cd5\u6218\u4e89”\u80dc\u5229\u540e\uff0c\u5374\u518d\u4e0d\u63d0\u5171\u548c\u4e0e\u7ea6\u6cd5 \u3002\u6240\u8c13“\u5317\u4f10\u62a4\u6cd5\u6218\u4e89”\u5b9e\u4e3a“\u62a4\u515a\u62a4\u5b59\u6218\u4e89”\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u671f\u95f4\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u9ad8\u5531“\u8054\u4fc4\u3001\u8054\u5171\u3001\u6276\u52a9\u519c\u5de5”\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u6218\u80dc\u6bb5\u797a\u745e\u800c\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u6682\u65f6\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u6743\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8ba1\u30021922\u5e74\uff0c\u5f53\u5317\u6d0b\u7cfb\u7684\u66f9\u951f\u3001\u5434\u4f69\u5b5a\u547c\u5401\u6062\u590d\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\u518d\u9020\u5171\u548c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b59\u6beb\u65e0\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u5df2\u7ecf\u5750\u5927\u7684\u5b59\u7cfb\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u66f4\u4e3a\u96c6\u6743\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5927\u7eb2\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b59\u6210\u4e3a\u96c6\u515a\u653f\u519b\u6743\u4e8e\u4e00\u4f53\u7684“\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u603b\u7edf”\u3002

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\u504f\u6fc0\uff0c\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d”\u7684\u8521\u9537\u66fe\u4e00\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\uff1a“\u540c\u5ba4\u64cd\u6208\uff0c\u5144\u5f1f\u960b\u5899\uff0c\u76f8\u714e\u592a\u6025\uff0c\u9690\u6068\u826f\u591a\u3002”\u8521\u9537\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u603b\u7edf\uff08\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff09\u6709\u8c0b\u53db\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e94\u7531\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u5f39\u52be\uff1b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6709\u8fc7\u5931\uff0c\u5219\u7531\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7ea0\u504f\u3002\u82e5\u653e\u5f03\u4f9d\u6cd5\u8ffd\u7a76\u800c\u53d1\u52a8\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u53db\u4e71\uff0c\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u516c\u654c\u3002\u5728\u8521\u9537\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u5baa\u653f\u5171\u548c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5408\u4f5c\u548c\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b59\u7684\u9769\u547d\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u541b\u4e34\u5929\u4e0b\u7684\u8bad\u653f\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0d\u62e9\u624b\u6bb5\u7684“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u6210\u529f\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u7edd\u65e0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5171\u548c\u5171\u751f\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u6c11\u751f\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u5176\u4e0e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u4e00\u4e18\u4e4b\u8c89\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u6b8a\u9014\u540c\u5f52\u3002

\u5373\u4f7f\u4ece\u5b59\u75c5\u901d\u65f6\u7684\u300a\u5bb6\u4e8b\u9057\u4e66\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u89c1\u5176“\u53cd\u5171\u548c”\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa—— “\u5176\u6240\u9057\u4e4b\u4e66\u7c4d\u3001\u8863\u7269\u3001\u4f4f\u5b85\u7b49\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u5747\u4ed8\u543e\u59bb\u5b8b\u5e86\u9f84”\uff0c——\u5b59\u7adf\u7136\u5982\u6b64“\u53ea\u7231\u65b0\u4eba\u7b11\uff0c\u4e0d\u601c\u65e7\u4eba\u54ed”\uff1f\u5176\u539f\u914d\u5362\u6155\u8d1e\uff081867\u5e74\uff0d1952\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u7c4d\u59bb\u5b50\u5927\u6708\u85b0\u3001\u59be\u9648\u7cb9\u82ac\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u5f97\u4e00\u70b9\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7269\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f“\u535a\u7231\u5e73\u7b49”\u4e48\uff1f

\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\uff0c\u6210\u4e5f\u5b59\uff0c\u8d25\u4e5f\u5b59\uff01\u5176\u5728\u7ee7\u627f“\u6c64\u6b66\u9769\u547d”\u9053\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ee5\u504f\u5ba0“\u672b\u4efb\u59bb”\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86“\u7ea3\u5ba0\u59b2\u5df1”\u4e4b\u9057\u98ce\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f20\u67d3“\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd”\u5efa\u56fd\u9886\u8896——\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u51b7\u5bab\u8d3a\u5b50\u73cd\uff0c\u501a\u91cd\u6c5f\u9752\u4e71\u56fd\uff0c\u5237\u65b0\u4e86\u504f\u5ba0“\u672b\u4efb\u59bb”\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u548c\u65b0\u7eaa\u5f55\u3002

\u597d\u5728\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u800c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6d3e\u59cb\u7ec8\u5fe0\u5b9e\u5730\u7ee7\u627f\u5b59\u9057\u5fd7\uff0c“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4e0d\u53d8\uff1b\u4f46\u848b\u6c0f\u4e00\u8109\u5374\u8ba9\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u5efa\u515a76\u5468\u5e74\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u653e\u5f03\u4e86“\u515a\u5929\u4e0b”\u3002

\u4ee5 “\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\u7684“\u5b59\u8272”\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u5982\u6b64\u80fd\u6298\u817e\u4e2d\u56fd\uff1f\u6709\u5f85\u518d\u5168\u9762\u5316\u9a8c\u5206\u6790\u5176DNA\u3002

\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u96be\u9003“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u60b2\u5267<\/strong>

\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e0e\u6797\u5f6a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u60b2\u5267\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002

\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e0e\u6797\u5f6a\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5904\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u66f4\u5173\u952e\u3002\u9996\u5148\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u519b\u961f\u7684\u5927\u5e05\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8881\u66fe\u662f\u6e05\u5ef7\u65e7\u519b\u5b98\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u5374\u9886\u5bfc\u5317\u6d0b\u65b0\u519b\u6210\u4e3a\u903c\u8feb\u6e05\u5ef7\u900a\u4f4d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9769\u547d\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e07\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684“\u4e8c\u53f7\u4eba\u7269”\u3002\u6797\u5f6a\u662f\u4e2d\u5171\u4e5d\u5927\u5199\u8fdb\u515a\u7ae0\u7684\u7687\u50a8\uff0c\u662f\u6c11\u4f17\u9ad8\u547c“\u6c38\u8fdc\u5065\u5eb7”\u7684\u526f\u7edf\u5e05\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5219\u7b97\u5f97“\u4e24\u671d\u4e8c\u53f7”——\u5728\u665a\u6e05\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u62c5\u4efb\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\u5927\u81e3\u5e76\u631f\u5317\u6d0b\u519b\u81ea\u91cd\u540e\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u6210\u4e3a\u7687\u5e1d\u7687\u592a\u540e\u7687\u6743\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u66f9\u64cd\uff0c\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u6444\u653f\u738b\u3002\u800c\u5230\u5f97\u6c11\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4ece\u58f0\u671b\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u662f\u7a0d\u900a\u4e8e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e8c\u53f7\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u5bf9\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u660e\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b59\u5148\u751f\u53c2\u9009\u5927\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u73b0\u5728\u9000\u51fa——\u6df1\u77e5\u81ea\u5df1\u53ea\u662f“\u4e8c\u53f7\u5f71\u54cd\u529b”\u3002

\u4e0d\u5e78\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5386\u6765\u7684“\u4e8c\u53f7\u4eba\u7269”\u90fd\u96be\u4ee5\u5584\u7ec8\u3002\u81ea\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u65f6\u7684“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u5415\u4e0d\u97e6\u3001\u6276\u82cf\u3001\u674e\u65af\uff0c\u7686\u88ab“\u4e00\u53f7”\u903c\u5230\u4e0d\u5f97\u597d\u6b7b\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5404\u671d\u4ee3\u591a\u6cbf\u88ad\u4e0d\u5df2\u3002\u6731\u5143\u748b\u64a4\u6d88\u5bb0\u76f8\u5c97\u4f4d\u9632“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u501f\u9274\u53d1\u6325\u4e3a“\u4e0d\u8bbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d”\uff0c\u800c\u6bdb\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u3001\u6797\u5f6a\u53ca\u540e\u6765\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u3001\u8d75\u7d2b\u9633\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a“\u4e8c\u53f7\u4eba\u7269”\u7684\u60b2\u5267\uff0c\u7686\u4e00\u518d\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u8c01\u505a“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u90fd\u8270\u96be\u4e07\u5206\u3002

\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4ee5“\u4e00\u53f7\u5f71\u54cd\u529b”\u903c“\u4e8c\u53f7\u5f71\u54cd\u529b”\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5012\u6389\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u6b65\u4e00\u6b65\u903c\u8881\u79f0\u5e1d——\u4ee5\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5c45\u591a\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u4e8b\u4e8b\u9650\u5236\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u884c\u4f7f\u603b\u7edf\u804c\u80fd\uff0c\u5b59\u660e\u77e5\u4ee5\u5185\u9601\u5236\u67b6\u7a7a\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8881\u94e4\u800c\u8d70\u9669\u590d\u8f9f\u5e1d\u5236\uff0c\u5374\u4e50\u89c2\u5176\u884c\uff0c\u552f\u6050\u5176\u4e0d\u79f0\u5e1d\u3002

\u6709\u53f2\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c1971\u5e74“9\u300113”\u6797\u5f6a\u4ed3\u7687\u67b6\u673a\u53db\u56fd\u51fa\u9003\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u662f\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u88ab\u8feb\u79f0\u5e1d\u7684\u518d\u73b0——\u5728\u6c11\u56fd\u79f0\u5e1d\u5373\u53db\u56fd\u3002\u8881\u6797\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8c\u53f7\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u7ed3\u5c40\u53ef\u8c13\u6b8a\u9014\u540c\u5f52\u3002

\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u4ee3“\u4e8c\u53f7\u4eba\u7269”\u4e3a\u4f55\u5927\u90fd\u4ee5\u60b2\u5267\u7ed3\u675f\uff1f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u5927\u539f\u56e0\u3002

\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684“\u4e8c\u53f7\u4eba\u7269”\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e8e\u53ea\u5f53“\u4e8c\u53f7”\uff0c\u603b\u60f3\u7531“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u5347\u4e3a“\u4e00\u53f7”\uff0c \u4eab\u53d7“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u6ce8\u5b9a\u53ea\u9002\u4e8e\u5f53\u4e8c\u53f7\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e8c\u53f7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u9020\u6210\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u5984\u60f3\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd—— \u53ea\u80fd\u627f\u53d7\u767e\u65a4\u7684\u94c1\u4e1d\uff0c\u786c\u8981\u627f\u91cd\u5343\u65a4\uff0c\u7109\u6709\u4e0d\u60b2\u5267\uff1f

\u8bd5\u770b\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff0c\u5411\u6765\u5c31\u5927\u6709\u4e0d\u7518“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u7684\u5014\u5f3a\u3002\u517613\u5c81\u65f6\u66fe\u5236\u8054“\u5927\u91ce\u9f99\u65b9\u86f0\uff0c\u4e2d\u539f\u9e7f\u6b63\u80a5\u3002”\u5be5\u5be5\u5341\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0e\u695a\u9738\u738b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u603b\u60f3\u5bf9“\u4e00\u53f7”\u884c“\u5f7c\u53ef\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b”\u3002 \u5728\u5386\u4ee3\u79d1\u4e3e\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4e3e\u662f“\u4e00\u53f7”\uff0c“\u79d1\u573a”\u662f“\u4e00\u53f7”\uff0c\u6b66\u4e3e\u662f“\u4e8c\u53f7”\uff0c“\u7586\u573a”\u662f“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u3002\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u591a\u6b21“\u79d1\u573a”\u5931\u5229\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u8f6c\u6218“\u7586\u573a”\u5c48\u5c45“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u884c\u5217\u3002\u4f46\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5374\u4f5c\u8bd7\u300a\u8a00\u5fd7\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5fc5\u80dc“\u4e00\u53f7”\u81ea\u52c9\uff1a“\u773c\u524d\u9f99\u864e\u6597\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u6740\u6c14\u76f4\u4e0a\u5e72\u4e91\u9704\u3002\u6211\u6b32\u5411\u5929\u5f20\u5de8\u53e3\uff0c\u4e00\u53e3\u541e\u5c3d\u80e1\u5929\u9a84\u3002”\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6444\u653f\u738b\u8f7d\u6ca3\u89e3\u9664\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u5b98\u804c\uff0c\u8881\u79f0\u75be\u8fd4\u56de\u6cb3\u5357\uff0c\u9690\u5c45\u4e8e\u8f89\u53bf\u3001\u5b89\u9633\uff0c\u8881\u4ecd\u7136\u4ee5\u97ec\u5149\u517b\u6666\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u673a\u590d\u51fa\u518d\u767b“\u4e00\u53f7”\u3002\u5176\u65f6\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5728\u5b89\u9633\u6d39\u4e0a\u6751\u5199\u4e0b\u300a\u81ea\u9898\u6e14\u821f\u5199\u771f\u4e8c\u9996\u300b\u660e\u5fd7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u540d\u53e5“\u767e\u5e74\u5fc3\u4e8b\u603b\u60a0\u60a0\uff0c\u58ee\u5fd7\u5f53\u65f6\u82e6\u672a\u916c\u3002\u91ce\u8001\u80f8\u4e2d\u8d1f\u5175\u7532\uff0c\u9493\u7fc1\u773c\u5e95\u5c0f\u738b\u4faf\u3002\u601d\u91cf\u5929\u4e0b\u65e0\u78d0\u77f3\uff0c\u53f9\u606f\u795e\u5dde\u53d8\u7f3a\u74ef\u3002” \u6b64\u65f6\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4ee5\u5546\u671d\u65f6\u540c\u6837\u9690\u5c45\u6d39\u4e0a\u6751\u7684\u4f0a\u5c39\u81ea\u6bd4\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u91cd\u4e3a“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u4e89“\u4e00\u53f7”\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u53c8\u6df1\u77e5\u53ea\u6709\u6682\u65f6\u5c48\u5c45“\u4e8c\u53f7”\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f3a\u673a\u593a\u53d6“\u4e00\u53f7”\u3002\u5176\u4e00\u751f\u591a\u6b21\u6295\u9760\u5f3a\u4eba\u6c42\u4e0a\u4f4d\uff1a1881\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u6295\u9760\u6dee\u519b\u7edf\u9886\u5434\u957f\u5e86\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u5434\u4e0e\u53d4\u7236\u8881\u4fdd\u5e86\u6709“\u8ba2\u5144\u5f1f\u4e4b\u597d”\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4f9d\u9644“\u4e00\u53f7”\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u5347\u5b98\u8def\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u540d\u4e3a“\u5e2e\u529e\u671d\u9c9c\u519b\u52a1”\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a“\u671d\u9c9c\u592a\u4e0a\u7687”\u7684\u5d2d\u9732\u5934\u89d2\u3002\u5c14\u540e\u53c8\u8f6c\u6362\u95e8\u5ead\u6295\u5954\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u3001\u8363\u7984\u3001\u897f\u592a\u540e\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5929\u6d25\u5c0f\u7ad9\u65b0\u519b\u7684\u4e3b\u5e05\u3001\u7ee7\u674e\u9e3f\u7ae0\u7f72\u7406\u76f4\u96b6\u603b\u7763\u517c\u5317\u6d0b\u5927\u81e3\u3001\u5165\u503c\u519b\u673a\u3001\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\u5927\u81e3\u3002\u6700\u540e\u53c8\u4ee5\u865a\u5c0a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u800c\u6210\u4e3a“\u7ecf\u5357\u5317\u8bae\u548c”\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u9996\u4efb\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u3002

\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u4ee3“\u4e00\u53f7\u4eba\u7269”\u591a\u6709\u4e25\u9632“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u7be1\u515a\u593a\u6743\u4e4b\u5ff5\u3002\u6587\u9769\u65f6\u516c\u5f00\u63d0\u51fa“\u9632\u6b62\u7761\u5728\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b”\uff0c\u582a\u79f0\u6700\u5766\u7387\u7684\u76f4\u767d\u3002

\u8bd5\u770b\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5982\u4f55\u903c\u8881\u3002\u5f53\u5357\u65b9\u5341\u4e03\u7701\u4e8e1912\u5e7412\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u5b59\u6587\u62c5\u4efb\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u540e\uff0c\u8881\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e8e1912\u5e741\u670825\u65e5\u7387\u5317\u6d0b\u5c06\u9886\u901a\u7535\u652f\u6301\u5171\u548c\u30022\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u8881\u53c8\u903c\u6e05\u5e1d\u900a\u4f4d\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u4e3a\u5efa\u7acb\u6c11\u56fd\u4f5c\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4f46\u5b59\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e3a\u8881\u6240\u52a8\u30022\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8868\u9762\u8ba9\u5357\u4eac\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u6b63\u5f0f\u9009\u4e3e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u5374\u5236\u5b9a“\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5”\uff0c\u6539\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u4e3a\u5185\u9601\u5236——\u5b59\u4e3a\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u884c“\u603b\u7edf\u5236”\u8ba9\u603b\u7edf\u6743\u529b\u65e0\u9650\uff1b\u8881\u4e3a“\u4e34\u65f6\u5927\u603b\u7edf”\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u884c“\u5185\u9601\u5236”\uff0c\u6781\u529b\u524a\u51cf\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6743\u529b\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8881\u63d0\u540d\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4efb\u526f\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u5b59\u6df1\u6076\u75db\u7edd\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c45\u4e8c\u53f7\u4e3a\u803b\u3002\u4e14\u963b\u6b62\u90e8\u4e0b\u9ec4\u5174\u7b49\u51fa\u4efb\u8881\u7684\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u53d1\u8a93\u8981\u641e“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5b59\u53c8\u64cd\u7eb5\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u51e0\u6b21\u5426\u5b9a\u8881\u63d0\u540d\u7684\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\u3002\u9f13\u52a8\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u67b6\u7a7a\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u5bf9\u8881\u653f\u5e9c\u767e\u822c\u5201\u96be\u3002

1913\u5e743\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7406\u4e8b\u957f\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u9047\u523a\u8eab\u4ea1\uff0c\u5b59\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u65f6\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u5b9a\u8881\u6c0f\u6388\u610f\u6697\u6740\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u7531\u53d1\u52a8“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d”\u5168\u9762\u5012\u8881\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5b8b\u6848\u51f6\u624b\u6b66\u58eb\u82f1\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u5171\u8fdb\u793e\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5c5e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u9635\u8425\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u6392\u9664\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u4eba\u5236\u9020“\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u6848”\u800c\u725f\u79c1\u5229\u7684\u5acc\u7591\u3002\u4ece“\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u6848”\u5229\u76ca\u6700\u5927\u8005\u5b9e\u4e3a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4eba\u6df1\u6df1\u6000\u7591\u5b59\u7684\u90e8\u4e0b\u7b56\u5212\u4e86\u8fd9\u8d77\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e“\u56fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u711a\u6848”\u7684\u53cd\u8881\u7531\u5934\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u5e747\u6708\u5b59\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\uff0c\u53d1\u52a8\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u6b66\u529b\u8ba8\u4f10\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u6c11\u56fd\u6b66\u529b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u5148\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u6c11\u56fd\u519b\u9600\u6df7\u6218\u7684\u5148\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u76f4\u63a5\u903c\u8feb\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u653e\u5f03\u5171\u548c——\u662f\u5e7411\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u88ab\u903c\u8d70\u6295\u65e0\u8def\u7684\u8881\u4e16\u4e0b\u4ee4\u89e3\u6563\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff1b1914\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0b\u4ee4\u89e3\u6563\u56fd\u4f1a\uff0c\u75db\u65a5“\u4eba\u6c11\u6ee5\u7528\u6c11\u4e3b\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5c1a\u5728\u5e7c\u7a1a\u65f6\u4ee3”\uff1b 5\u6708\uff0c\u5e72\u8106\u63a8\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7ea6\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u5e9f\u6b62\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e34\u65f6\u7ea6\u6cd5\uff0c\u6539\u5185\u9601\u5236\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u5236\uff0c“\u603b\u7edf\u4efb\u671f10\u5e74\uff0c\u4efb\u5c4a\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u5236”\uff1b\u6700\u540e\u4e8e1915\u5e7412\u6708\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e86“\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u3001\u6c11\u4f17\u8bf7\u613f\u56e2\u3001\u7b79\u5b89\u4f1a\u548c1993\u4eba\u5404\u7701\u56fd\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u63a8\u6234”\u4e0b\u767b\u4e0a\u4e86\u6d2a\u5baa\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u4e11\u5267\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e2\u6709“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u7684\u8881\u8272\u5728\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u53c8\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ef\u89c1\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4ee5“\u4e00\u53f7\u5f71\u54cd\u529b”\u903c“\u4e8c\u53f7\u5f71\u54cd\u529b”\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5012\u6389\u7684\u5904\u5fc3\u79ef\u8651——\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u7656\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u6df1\u6df1\u7684“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u6b32\u671b\u3002

\u7eaa\u5ff5\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u767e\u5e74\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u5398\u6e05\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u539f\u8272\u4e0e\u9677\u5165“\u4e8c\u53f7\u60b2\u5267”\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u67e5\u660e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6ee5\u7528“\u4e00\u53f7\u5f71\u54cd\u529b”\u7684\u60b2\u5267\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u603b\u7ed3\u4e2d\u56fd“\u4e00\u53f7”\u4e0e“\u4e8c\u53f7”\u6c38\u8fdc\u76f8\u6597\uff0c\u4e24\u8d25\u4ff1\u4f24\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5468\u671f\u6027\u60b2\u5267\uff0c\u9632\u8303“\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u4e0e“\u4e8c\u53f7\u60b2\u5267”\u518d\u73b0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5927\u73b0\u5b9e\u610f\u4e49\u3002

\u65e0\u8bba\u5bf9\u5185\u5bf9\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u53ea\u6709\u7518\u4e8e\u5f53\u8001\u4e8c\uff0c\u5584\u4e8e\u5f53\u8001\u5927\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u8001\u5927\u8001\u4e8c\u76f8\u5f97\u76ca\u5f70\uff0c\u6bd4\u7ffc\u53cc\u98de\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u624d\u80fd\u56fd\u6cf0\u6c11\u5b89\u3002\u5927\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0f\u5230\u5355\u4f4d\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u7686\u987b\u7262\u8bb0\u6b64\u7406\u3002

\u9ec4\u5174\u7684\u53e4\u516c\u4e4b\u98ce<\/strong>

\u767e\u5e74\u8f9b\u4ea5\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u6700\u8010\u8bfb\u3002\u8fd1\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c“\u5b59\u9ec4”\u5e94\u4e3a“\u9ec4\u5b59”—— \u9ec4\u5174\u867d\u7136\u53ea\u662f“\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”\uff0c\u5176\u73b0\u4ee3\u4ef7\u503c\u4e5f\u8fdc\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3002\u5b59\u867d\u5f15\u5bfc\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u63a8\u7ffb\u4f20\u7edf\u5e1d\u5236\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u5374\u5e76\u672a\u4fc3\u6210\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u548c\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u5236\uff1a\u7531\u4e00\u59d3\u4e4b\u4e13\u5236\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u515a\u4e4b\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u91cf\u53d8\u867d\u7136\u6709\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u5374\u672a\u53d8——\u5176\u5b9e\u4ece\u9ec4\u5e1d\u3001\u989b\u987c\u3001\u5e1d\u55be\u5230\u5510\u5c27\u3001\u865e\u821c\u7684\u4e94\u5e1d\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u6743\u529b\u65cf\u5185\u9009\u8d24\u79fb\u4ea4\uff0c\u4e00\u65cf\u5373\u4e3a\u4e00\u515a\uff0c\u4e00\u65cf\u4e4b\u5929\u4e0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u515a\u4e4b\u4e13\u653f\u3002\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u81f3\u591a\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u56de\u5f52\u4e94\u5e1d\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u515a\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u73b0\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u6587\u660e\u3002\u5176\u65b0\u5f0f\u4e13\u5236\u5bf9\u6c11\u4e3b\u6c11\u751f\u7684\u538b\u8feb\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e4b\u6e05\u5ef7\uff0c\u6709\u8fc7\u4e4b\u800c\u65e0\u4e0d\u53ca\u3002

\u82e5\u6309\u7167\u9ec4\u5174\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u53bb\u505a——\u50cf\u9ec4\u5174\u90a3\u6837\u53cd\u5bf9\u5168\u515a\u5fc5\u987b\u6548\u5fe0\u4e8e\u9886\u8896\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u50cf\u9ec4\u5174\u90a3\u6837\u8ffd\u6c42\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9014\u5f84\u89e3\u51b3\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u6848\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u6c11\u56fd\u53d8\u4e3a\u6218\u4e71\u7684\u6c11\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u540e\u6765\u7684“\u6587\u9769”\u4e4b\u7c7b\u3002\u82e5\u6309\u7167\u9ec4\u5174\u590d\u5174\u5468\u4ee3\u53e4\u516c\u7684“\u8f7b\u56fd\u8f7b\u8d22\u91cd\u6c11”\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u56fd\u5171\u4e24\u515a\u7684\u5185\u6218\u5c31\u5fc5\u7136\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u3002\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u9ec4\u5174\u591a\u6b21\u4ee5\u8be4\u53cb\u65b9\u5f0f\u963b\u6b62\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684“\u9886\u8896\u4e13\u5236\u6b32”\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u6298\u817e\u5f97\u5982\u540c\u6d2a\u79c0\u5168\u6bc1\u6389\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u56fd——\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u66fe\u611a\u6627\u5730\u81ea\u79f0\u4e3a“\u6d2a\u79c0\u5168\u7b2c\u4e8c”\uff0c\u6d2a\u79c0\u5168\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5076\u50cf\u3002

\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u8bba\u53ca\u9ec4\u5174\uff0c\u53ea\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4ed6\u7518\u5c45“\u4e8c\u53f7”“\u6b21\u5e2d”\u7684\u9ad8\u98ce\u4eae\u8282\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u5c61\u5c61\u63a8\u8f9e\u505a\u603b\u7406\u3001\u603b\u7edf\u3001\u5927\u5143\u5e05\u548c\u515a\u9b41\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u77e5\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u66f4\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u662f“\u6b62\u6218\u6551\u6c11\u5171\u751f”\u3002

\u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec6\u8282——1913\u5e743\u670820\u65e5\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u9047\u523a\u540e\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u529b\u4e3b\u6b66\u529b\u5f81\u8ba8\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u30027\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u5728\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea6\u52c9\u5f3a\u670d\u4ece\u515a\u7eaa\uff0c\u5230\u5357\u4eac\u5c31\u4efb\u6c5f\u82cf\u8ba8\u8881\u519b\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u3002\u4f46\u5f00\u6218\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5373\u518d\u6b21\u53cd\u5bf9\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u5728\u660e\u77e5\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u610f\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86“\u6302\u5370\u79bb\u519b”\uff0c\u79bb\u5b81\u8d74\u6caa\u3002\u9020\u6210\u4e3b\u5e05“\u8d38\u7136\u4e00\u8d70\uff0c\u4e09\u519b\u65e0\u4e3b”\uff0c\u8ba9\u8ba8\u8881\u6218\u4e89\u8fc5\u901f “\u6e83\u8d25”\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d\u6e83\u8d25”\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u662f\u907f\u514d\u5343\u767e\u4e07\u519b\u6c11\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff01\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9ec4\u5174\u5f53\u65f6\u9887\u53d7\u5b59\u7cfb\u8d23\u96be\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u81ea\u4fe1\u6b64\u4e3e\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4ee5\u6c11\u4e3a\u672c\u3002

7\u670826\u65e5\u9ec4\u5174\u516c\u5f00\u53d1\u8868\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u9648\u8ff0\u5176“\u53e4\u516c\u4e4b\u98ce”\uff1a“\u6211\u5982\u594b\u6597\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u5927\u597d\u6cb3\u5c71\u906d\u53d7\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u5373\u83b7\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u4ea6\u5c06\u7cdc\u70c2\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u88ab\u5217\u5f3a\u74dc\u5206\u4e4b\u865e\u3002”8\u6708\uff0c\u5176\u53c8\u4f5c\u300a\u5434\u6dde\u9000\u8d74\u91d1\u9675\u53e3\u53f7\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5fd7\u660e\u4eae\uff1a“\u5c82\u610f\u5929\u5fc3\u975e\u6218\u7f6a\uff0c\u5948\u4f55\u5175\u8d25\u89c1\u57ce\u5c60\u3002”“\u81ea\u53e4\u91d1\u9675\u591a\u6d69\u52ab\uff0c\u96e8\u82b1\u53f0\u4e0a\u597d\u5934\u9885\u3002”\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d”\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u662f\u9ec4\u5174\u6709\u610f\u4e3a\u4e4b\uff0c\u8bf4\u9ec4\u5174\u7948\u7977“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d”\u5931\u8d25\u4ea6\u4e0d\u4e3a\u8fc7——\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u90a3\u79cd\u6c38\u8fdc\u9769\u547d\u4e0d\u65ad\u9769\u547d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u671f\u671b\u9769\u547d\u9002\u800c\u53ef\u6b62\uff0c\u9769\u547d\u515a\u5e94\u5f53\u5b66\u4f1a\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u5b66\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9014\u5f84\u89e3\u51b3\u4e89\u8bae\u4e89\u7aef\u30021914\u5e74\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\uff0c\u85c9\u53e3“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d”\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u515a\u5458\u4e0d\u670d\u4ece\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5168\u515a\u7b7e\u5b57\u753b\u62bc\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fe0\u4e8e\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u6124\u7136\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba9\u515a\u6ca6\u4e3a\u9ed1\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5012\u9000\uff0c\u4e0e\u51fa\u8eab\u6d2a\u95e8\u575a\u6301\u5e2e\u4f1a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\uff0c\u79bb\u65e5\u53bb\u7f8e\u30021916\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u7531\u7f8e\u6d32\u4e58\u8239\u8fd4\u56fd\uff0c\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u4ee5\u8bd7\u5fd7\u5171\u751f\u613f\uff1a“\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b64\u821f\uff0c\u9971\u8f7d\u6c11\u6743\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u3002”\u9ec4\u5174\u6700\u540e\u5ff5\u5ff5\u4e0d\u5fd8\u7684\u662f\u6c11\u6743\u548c\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u515a\u6216\u56fd\uff01

\u7ec6\u8003\u9ec4\u5174“\u6b62\u6218\u6551\u6c11\u5171\u751f”\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u51fa\u81ea\u5468\u4ee3\u592a\u738b\u53e4\u516c\u3002\u53f2\u8f7d\uff0c\u5468\u4e4b\u59cb\u7956\u4e3a\u821c\u5e1d\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u5927\u81e3\u540e\u7a37\uff08\u540d\u5f03\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5“\u64ad\u65f6\u767e\u8c37”\u6d41\u82b3\u767e\u4e16\u3002\u4f20\u81f313\u4ee3\u592a\u738b\u53e4\u516c\u4eb6\u7236\uff0c“\u53e4\u516c\u4eb6\u7236\u590d\u4fee\u540e\u7a37\u3001\u516c\u5218\u4e4b\u4e1a\uff0c\u79ef\u5fb7\u884c\u4e49\uff0c\u56fd\u4eba\u7686\u6234\u4e4b\u3002”\u5176\u65f6\u6709\u5317\u65b9\u5916\u65cf\u85b0\u80b2\u620e\u72c4\u653b\u5468\u5730\uff0c\u6b32\u5f97\u8d22\u7269\uff0c\u53e4\u516c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u6218\u4e71\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u7ed9\u4e88\u85b0\u80b2\u6240\u7d22\u8d22\u7269\u3002\u4f46\u85b0\u80b2\u5f97\u8d22\u540e\u53c8\u6765\u653b\u5468\uff0c\u6b32\u5f97\u5730\u4e0e\u6c11\u3002\u85b0\u80b2\u5982\u6b64\u5f97\u5bf8\u8fdb\u5c3a\u8d2a\u5f97\u65e0\u538c\uff0c\u8ba9\u5468“\u6c11\u7686\u6012\uff0c\u6b32\u6218”\u3002\u4f46“\u53e4\u516c\u66f0\uff1a‘\u6709\u6c11\u7acb\u541b\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5\u5229\u4e4b\u3002\u4eca\u620e\u72c4\u6240\u4e3a\u653b\u6218\uff0c\u4ee5\u543e\u5730\u4e0e\u6c11\u3002\u6c11\u4e4b\u5728\u6211\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5728\u5f7c\uff0c\u4f55\u5f02\uff1f\u6c11\u6b32\u4ee5\u6211\u6545\u6218\uff0c\u6740\u4eba\u7236\u5b50\u800c\u541b\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e88\u4e0d\u5fcd\u4e3a\u3002’”——\u4eba\u6c11\u62e5\u7acb\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5176\u9020\u798f\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u620e\u72c4\u90e8\u843d\u6240\u4ee5\u6765\u653b\u51fb\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u6211\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6211\uff0c\u4e0e\u5f52\u5c5e\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u5462\uff1f\u65e2\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u571f\u5730\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec——\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5c06\u8981\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u7f18\u6545\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ea4\u6218\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f53\u541b\u4e3b\u800c\u8ba9\u767e\u59d3\u53bb\u4e0e\u5916\u65cf\u6218\u4e89\u62fc\u547d\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u5fcd\u5fc3\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u53e4\u516c\u5c31\u5e26\u7740\u90e8\u4e0b\u79c1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5f00\u90fd\u57ce\u8c73\u9091\uff0c\u6765\u5230\u5c90\u4e0b\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u5fb7\u670d\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5“\u8c73\u4eba\u4e3e\u56fd\u6276\u8001\u643a\u5f31\uff0c\u5c3d\u590d\u5f52\u53e4\u516c\u4e8e\u5c90\u4e0b\u3002\u53ca\u4ed6\u65c1\u56fd\u95fb\u53e4\u516c\u4ec1\uff0c\u4ea6\u591a\u5f52\u4e4b\u3002……\u6c11\u7686\u6b4c\u4e50\u4e4b\uff0c\u9882\u5176\u5fb7\u3002”\u53e4\u516c\u6b64“\u6c11\u4e4b\u5728\u6211\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5728\u5f7c\uff0c\u4f55\u5f02”\u7684\u975e\u6218\u4fdd\u6c11\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u540e\u6765\u7684\u897f\u4f2f\u6587\u738b\u4e5f“\u5219\u53e4\u516c”\uff0c\u6b66\u738b\u66f4“\u8ffd\u5c0a\u53e4\u516c\u4e3a\u592a\u738b”\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5468\u7684“\u738b\u745e\u81ea\u592a\u738b\u5174”\uff0c\u4f46“\u6c11\u4e4b\u5728\u6211\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5728\u5f7c\uff0c\u4f55\u5f02”\u7684\u975e\u6218\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u5728\u540e\u4e16\u5931\u4f20\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u9ec4\u5174\u5c0f\u6709\u4e00\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ece\u65e0\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u541b\u4e3b\u5168\u9762\u5b9e\u884c\u3002\u53ef\u53f9\uff01\u53ef\u53f9\uff01

\u9ec4\u5174\u4f55\u65f6\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u53e4\u516c\u4e4b\u98ce\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u53f2\u6599\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u5176\u7236\u4eb2\u9ec4\u7b71\u6751\u662f\u665a\u6e05\u79c0\u624d\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u5e7c\u5e74\u5373\u5d07\u62dc\u660e\u672b\u5927\u5112\u738b\u592b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5165\u957f\u6c99\u57ce\u5357\u4e66\u9662\u5b66\u4e60\u540e22\u5c81\u4e2d\u79c0\u624d\uff0c1898\u5e74\uff0c\u53d7\u65f6\u4efb\u6e56\u5e7f\u603b\u7763\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u5165\u9009\u6b66\u660c\u4e24\u6e56\u4e66\u9662\u6df1\u9020\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74\u6625\u53c8\u7ecf\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u9009\u6d3e\u53bb\u65e5\u672c\u7559\u5b66\uff0c\u5165\u4e1c\u4eac\u5f18\u6587\u5b66\u9662\u5e08\u8303\u79d1\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u4e60\uff0c\u53e4\u516c\u4e4b\u98ce\u5df2\u6f5c\u79fb\u9ed8\u5316\u4e8e\u9ec4\u5174\u8eab\u5fc3\u3002\u4e0e\u51fa\u8eab\u8d2b\u5bd2\u53ea\u8bfb\u8fc7\u4e09\u5e74\u6751\u587e\u540e\u5c31\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u9999\u6e2f\u8bfb\u897f\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u7684\u56fd\u5b66\u6839\u57fa\u8981\u6df1\u539a\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u897f\u5b66\u81f3\u4eca\u4e0d\u89c1\u6709“\u6c11\u4e4b\u5728\u6211\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5728\u5f7c\uff0c\u4f55\u5f02\uff1f”\u7684\u975e\u6218\u91cd\u6c11\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6545\u9ec4\u5174\u80fd\u6709“\u6b62\u6218\u6551\u6c11\u5171\u751f”\u7684\u60ca\u4e16\u9a87\u4fd7\uff0c\u800c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5374\u53ea\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u4e0d\u60dc\u5c06\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u62d6\u5165\u6218\u4e71\u3002

\u4ece1898\u5e74\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u63a8\u8350\u9ec4\u5174\u5165\u9009\u6b66\u660c\u4e24\u6e56\u4e66\u9662\u6df1\u9020\uff0c\u52301911\u5e7410\u6708\u6b66\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\u540e\u9ec4\u5174\u4e54\u88c5\u8d74\u9102\uff0c\u6307\u6325\u6c49\u53e3\u3001\u6c49\u9633\u4fdd\u536b\u6218\uff0c\u82e6\u6218\u8fd1\u6708\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u9ec4\u5174\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e0e\u6b66\u6c49\u5173\u7cfb\u751a\u7d27\u3002\u4e5d\u7701\u901a\u8862\u5357\u5317\u4ea4\u6c47\u7684\u6b66\u6c49\u5730\u52bf\uff0c“\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e3a\u4f53\uff0c\u897f\u5b66\u4e3a\u7528”\u7684\u5f20\u4e4b\u6d1e\u4e2d\u897f\u6587\u5316\u5171\u751f\u8bba\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8ba9\u9ec4\u5174\u4ece\u5168\u529b\u9769\u547d\u5230\u53cd\u5bf9“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d”\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u80cc\u666f\u5149\u6e90\uff1f

\u9ec4\u5174\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u514d\u9664\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u7686\u5c1a“\u4ee5\u66b4\u6613\u66b4”\u7684\u901a\u75c5\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u559c\u7231\u519b\u4e8b\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u4eb2\u81ea\u6307\u6325\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u6bd4\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u5d07\u62dc\u8981\u5c0f\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f“\u4e8c\u6b21\u9769\u547d”\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u53ef\u8c13\u61a3\u7136\u6094\u609f\uff0c\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86“\u6302\u5370\u79bb\u519b”\u60ca\u5929\u58ee\u4e3e\u3002\u7eaa\u5ff5\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u544a\u522b\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u505c\u6b62“\u4ee5\u66b4\u6613\u66b4”\u7684\u987f\u609f\uff0c\u6700\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u53d1\u626c\u5149\u5927\u3002\u8bda\u5982\u7ae0\u592a\u708e\u633d\u60bc\u9ec4\u5174\uff1a“\u65e0\u516c\u4e43\u65e0\u6c11\u56fd\uff0c\u6709\u53f2\u5fc5\u6709\u65af\u4eba\u3002”\u9ec4\u5174\u7518\u5c45“\u4e8c\u53f7”“\u6b21\u5e2d”\u7684\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u53d1\u626c\u53e4\u516c\u4e4b\u98ce\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762——\u4e3a\u4fdd\u6c11\u5b89\u800c\u5b81\u53ef\u5c06\u8d22\u7269\u56fd\u6c11\u90fd\u8ba9\u4e8e\u7ade\u4e89\u8005\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u4f1a\u593a\u4eba\u9886\u8896\u6b32\uff0c\u4e50\u4e8e\u4e3a\u6b21\u3002

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u9ec4\u5174\u7684“\u6b62\u6218\u6551\u6c11\u5171\u751f”\u5230\u5e95\u6ca6\u4e3a“\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”——\u5176\u6ca1\u80fd\u6b63\u9762\u963b\u6b62\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\uff0c\u81f3\u591a\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u8f9e\u804c\u8fdc\u6e38\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u5468\u6069\u6765\u7b49\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6df1\u6709\u70d9\u5370\uff1a\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5bf9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u591a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u662f\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u6587\u9769\u7684\u5bf9\u8001\u5e72\u90e8\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u548c\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6709\u7834\u574f\u3002\u767e\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u559c\u7231\u5171\u751f\u5171\u548c\u8005\u4e0d\u53ef\u80dc\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u6d41\u4e8e\u9ec4\u5174\u5f0f\u7684“\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”\u3002

\u5982\u82e5\u4eca\u65e5\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u4e89\u7aef\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u4ee5“\u6c11\u4e4b\u5728\u6211\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5728\u5f7c\uff0c\u4f55\u5f02\uff1f”\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u653e\u5f03\u91cd\u56fd\u8f7b\u6c11\u7684“\u7231\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49”\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709“\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49”\u4e0e“\u53cd\u6050\u6218\u4e89”\u4e86\u3002

\u4eba\u5927\u4e8e\u515a\uff0c\u4eba\u5927\u4e8e\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5e38\u8bc6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5374\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u88ab\u63a9\u57cb\u7740\u3002\u6316\u6398\u9ec4\u5174\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u7a81\u7136\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e09\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u7956\u4f20\u5e38\u8bc6\uff01

\u91cd\u8bfb\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u9ec4\u5174\uff0c\u4ee5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u773c\u5149\u7814\u7a76\u5b59\u3001\u8881\u3001\u9ec4\u4e09\u8272\u7684\u6d88\u957f\u53d8\u5e7b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u767e\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u675c\u7edd“\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f”\u3001 “\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f”\u548c“\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f”\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u771f\u6b63\u8d70\u5411“\u6c11\u4e3b\u81ea\u7531\u5171\u751f”\u3002

2011\u5e7410\u670829\u65e5\u4e8e\u6df1\u5733\u65e9\u53eb\u5e90
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

<div>\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u5df2\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a&#8220;\u8272\u5f69\u7a7a\u95f4&#8221;\uff0c\u5176\u4e09\u539f\u8272\u4e5f\u5df2\u6c34\u843d\u77f3\u51fa\uff1a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u9ec4\u5174\uff0c\u4e09\u4eba\u5b9e\u4e3a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u4e09\u539f\u8272\u3002\u91cd\u8bfb\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u3001\u9ec4\u5174\uff0c\u4ee5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u773c\u5149\u7814\u7a76\u5b59\u3001\u8881\u3001\u9ec4\u4e09\u8272\u7684\u6d88\u957f\u53d8\u5e7b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u767e\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u675c\u7edd&#8220;\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f&#8221;\u3001 &#8220;\u4e00\u4eba\u4e13\u653f&#8221;\u548c&#8220;\u7a7a\u8c08\u5171\u751f&#8221;\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u771f\u6b63\u8d70\u5411&#8220;\u6c11\u4e3b\u81ea\u7531\u5171\u751f&#8221;\u3002<br \/><br \/><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-first","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23333","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23333"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23333\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}