{"id":26138,"date":"2012-03-14T12:37:00","date_gmt":"2012-03-14T12:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=26138 "},"modified":"2012-03-14T12:37:00","modified_gmt":"2012-03-14T12:37:00","slug":"26138-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=26138","title":{"rendered":"\u4f59\u672a\uff1a\u6c11\u56fd\u767e\u5e74\u796d\uff08\u4e00\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u5f3a\u8c03”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u9769\u547d\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u662f\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7855\u679c”\uff1b2006\u5e7411\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u5728\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u8bde\u8fb0140\u5468\u5e74\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u300b\uff1a”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u9769\u547d\u4e8b\u4e1a\u6700\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3001\u6700\u4eb2\u5bc6\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u6700\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u8005\u3002”\u8fd9\u4e2a”\u4e09\u6700”\u8bb2\u8bdd\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u8499\u53e4\u6587\u3001\u85cf\u6587\u3001\u7ef4\u543e\u5c14\u6587\u3001\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u6587\u3001\u671d\u9c9c\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u53d1\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u56fd\u5171\u4e24\u515a\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9057\u4f59\u529b\u5730\u6076\u6367\u5b59\u6587\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u5b59\u6587\u9886\u5bfc\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7684\u8c0e\u8a00\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u662f”\u56fd\u7236\u5d07\u62dc”\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7edf\u6cbb\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u60ef\u6027\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u63a9\u9970\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u3001\u4e2d\u5171\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u643a\u624b\u5317\u4f10\u66b4\u529b\u593a\u6743\u3001\u5f7b\u5e95\u6253\u4e71\u6c11\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7f6a\u6076\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u9664\u4e86\u7edf\u6218\u548c\u634d\u536b\u4e2d\u5171\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u6b63\u7edf\u6027\u3001\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bd5\u56fe\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5171\u66b4\u529b\u593a\u6743\u3001\u575a\u6301\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\u8fdb\u884c\u7f8e\u5316\uff0c\u59821945\u5e74\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u4e03\u5927\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u62a5\u544a\u6240\u8a00\uff1a”\u5c06\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8d8a\u8981\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff0c\u5c31\u8d8a\u6709\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u574f\u5904\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u6e05\u9192\u7684\u5934\u8111\u6765\u4e3e\u8d77\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u3002”\u60df\u6709\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u624d\u80fd\u987a\u52bf\u628a\u4e2d\u5171\u6253\u626e\u6210”\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u9769\u547d\u4e8b\u4e1a\u6700\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3001\u6700\u4eb2\u5bc6\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u6700\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u8005”\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u66fe\u4efb\u6c11\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957f\u7684\u5f20\u670b\u56ed\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a”\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u4e00\u767e\u5468\u5e74\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u7ad9\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u515a\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u5e86\u795d’\u767e\u5c81\u751f\u65e5’\u5341\u5206\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4ece\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u624b\u91cc\u628a\u6743\u529b\u593a\u56de\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u5fc3\u601d\u53bb\u786e\u4fdd\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u60f3\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u65b9\u6cd5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u515a\u7684\u58f0\u671b\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4eca\u5e74\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5e94\u8be5\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5404\u6709\u6240\u6c42\u7684\u56fd\u5171\u4e24\u515a\uff0c\u5728\u795e\u5316\u5b59\u6587\u65b9\u9762\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5171\u540c\u70b9\uff0c\u5b59\u6587\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u8c0e\u8a00\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u7b3c\u7f69\u774020\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5e76\u6df1\u523b\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u73b0\u5728\u548c\u672a\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5b59\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u9886\u5bfc\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

211\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u53d1\u8868\u7eaa\u5ff5\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d100\u5468\u5e74\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff1a”100\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u9707\u60ca\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d”\uff1b10\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u53d1\u8868”\u767e\u5e74\u594b\u6597*\u6c11\u4e3b\u53f0\u6e7e”\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\uff1a”\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u56fd\u7236\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u9886\u5bfc\u53d1\u52a8\u9707\u60ca\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6b66\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u4e3e\u63a8\u7ffb\u6ee1\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u5343\u5e74\u5e1d\u5236”\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u6307\u7684\u662f1911\u5e74\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u63a8\u7ffb\u6ee1\u6e05\u738b\u671d\u7684\u6b66\u660c\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c”\u9886\u5bfc\u53d1\u52a8”\u8fd9\u573a\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u9769\u547d\u56e2\u4f53\u662f\u6587\u5b66\u793e\u548c\u5171\u8fdb\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b59\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u534a\u70b9\u5b9e\u8d28\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1894\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5174\u4e2d\u4f1a\uff0c\u5218\u7965\u3001\u4f55\u5bbd\u4e3a\u9996\u4efb\u6b63\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5b59\u6587\u4ec5\u662f\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff1b1905\u5e74\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u4eac\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\uff0c\u662f\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4e00\u4e2a\u677e\u6563\u7684\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u653f\u89c1\u7eb7\u7ead\u3001\u6d3e\u7cfb\u6797\u7acb\u30021907\u5e746\u6708\u81f31909\u5e749\u300110\u6708\u95f4\uff0c\u9676\u6210\u7ae0\u3001\u7ae0\u592a\u708e\u5148\u540e\u4e24\u6b21\u53d1\u52a8\u5012\u5b59\u98ce\u6f6e\uff0c\u8981\u6c42”\u5f00\u9664\u5b59\u6587\u603b\u7406\u4e4b\u540d”\uff0c\u4f7f\u5357\u6d0b\u5404\u5206\u4f1a\u76f4\u5c5e\u4e1c\u4eac\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u603b\u90e8\u3002\u5b59\u6587\u5bf9\u4e1c\u4eac\u672c\u90e8\u4ea6\u6df1\u611f\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5bf9\u5f20\u7ee7\u8bf4”\u5f1f\u5df2\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f7c\u7b49\u4e4b\u603b\u7406\u8005\u4e45\u77e3”\u30021908\u5e74\u79cb\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u8bbe\u7acb\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u5357\u6d0b\u652f\u90e8\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e1c\u4eac\u672c\u90e8\u5df2\u65e0\u96b6\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\u30021911\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1\u3001\u8c2d\u4eba\u51e4\u3001\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u6210\u7acb\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u4e2d\u90e8\u603b\u4f1a\uff0c”\u5949\u4e1c\u4eac\u672c\u90e8\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u8ba4\u5357\u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u4e3a\u53cb\u90a6”\uff08\u8463\u589e\u521a\u300a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71”\u5927\u540c\u76df”\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u8fa8\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u9996\u90fd\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\u300b\u793e\u79d1\u7248\uff0c2001\u5e74\u7b2c6\u671f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8f9b\u4ea5\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u9769\u547d\u56e2\u4f53\u8fd1200\u4e2a\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fde\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u8c08\u4f55\u9886\u5bfc\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\uff1f\u628a\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u5c0a\u5176\u4e3a”\u56fd\u7236”\uff0c\u786e\u4e4e\u662f\u5f25\u5929\u5927\u8c0e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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“\u865a\u4f4d\u5f85\u8881”\u7684\u5927\u603b\u7edf<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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1904\u5e74\u5b59\u6587\u4e3a\u5218\u6210\u79ba\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u56fd\u6218\u53f2\u300b\u4f5c\u5e8f\uff1a\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u56fd\u5931\u8d25\u7684”\u6700\u5927\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u90a3\u73ed\u4eba\u5230\u4e86\u5357\u4eac\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4e92\u4e89\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u95ed\u8d77\u95e8\u6765\u81ea\u76f8\u6b8b\u6740”\uff0c”\u4ece\u524d\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u56fd\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u524d\u8f66\u4e4b\u9274\u3002”\u7279\u522b\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u5448\u73b0\u4e71\u5c40\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0d\u53ef\u6536\u62fe\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b59\u6587\u4e00\u6d3e\u91cd\u8e48\u592a\u5e73\u5929\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u8f99\uff0c\u9769\u547d\u515a\u5185\u90e8\u4e89\u6743\u593a\u5229\u3001\u81ea\u76f8\u6b8b\u6740\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u62e9\u624b\u6bb5\u5230\u4e86\u4e27\u5fc3\u75c5\u72c2\u7684\u5730\u6b65\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1909\u5e749\u6708\uff0c”\u5012\u5b59\u98ce\u6f6e”\u8fbe\u5230\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff0c\u9676\u6210\u7ae0\u7b49\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u4e03\u7701\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u5458\u610f\u89c1\u4e66\u300b\uff08\u53c8\u79f0\u300a\u5357\u6d0b\u9769\u547d\u515a\u4eba\u5ba3\u5e03\u5b59\u6587\u7f6a\u72b6\u4f20\u5355\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u5217\u4e3e\u5b59\u6587”\u6b8b\u8d3c\u540c\u5fd7”\u3001”\u8499\u853d\u540c\u5fd7”\u3001”\u8d25\u574f\u5168\u4f53\u540d\u8a89”\u7b49\u4e09\u5927”\u7f6a\u72b6”\u53ca\u5341\u56db\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1b11\u6708\uff0c\u8fd9\u5206\u4f20\u5355\u4ee5\u300a\u5b59\u6587\u7f6a\u72b6\u300b\u4e3a\u9898\u5728\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u300a\u5357\u6d0b\u603b\u6c47\u65b0\u62a5\u300b\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u8868\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1912\u5e741\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u4e0d\u5230\u534a\u6708\uff0c\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u5143\u52cb\u3001\u5149\u590d\u4f1a\u9886\u8896\u3001\u5b59\u6587\u6700\u575a\u51b3\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u9676\u6210\u7ae0\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b59\u6587\u7684\u4eb2\u4fe1\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6fc0\u5316\uff0c\u60e8\u906d\u6697\u6740\u3002\u523a\u5ba2\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u57281943\u5e747\u670826\u65e5\u7684\u65e5\u8bb0\u91cc\u627f\u8ba4\uff1a”\u4f59\u4e4b\u8bdb\u9676\uff0c\u4e43\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e3a\u9769\u547d\u4e3a\u672c\u515a\u4e4b\u5927\u4e49\uff0c\u7531\u4f59\u4e00\u4eba\u81ea\u4efb\u5176\u8d23\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u6c42\u529f\u3001\u6c42\u77e5\u4e4b\u610f\u3002\u7136\u800c\u603b\u7406\u6700\u540e\u4fe1\u6211\u4e0e\u91cd\u6211\u8005\uff0c\u4ea6\u672a\u59cb\u975e\u7531\u6b64\u4e8b\u800c\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u4f59\u4e0e\u603b\u7406\u59cb\u7ec8\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u6b64\u4e8b\u4e5f\u3002”\u6697\u6740\u9676\u6210\u7ae0\u5951\u5408\u5b59\u6587\u7684\u5fc3\u610f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4e89\u4e4b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u66ff\u5b59\u6587\u3001\u9648\u5176\u7f8e\u94f2\u9664\u4e86\u6700\u5177\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u74e6\u89e3\u4e86\u5149\u590d\u4f1a\uff0c\u505a\u4e86\u5b59\u6587\u60f3\u505a\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u540e\u6765\u5e73\u6b65\u9752\u4e91\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u781d\u7801\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u515a\u6697\u6740\u653f\u654c\u3001\u5f02\u8bae\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u6076\u52a3\u5148\u98ce\u3002\u636e\u300a\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u65e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bc6\u5f55\u300b\uff08\u5357\u5f00\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1990\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u6740\u9676\u540e\u4ea1\u547d\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4ece1914\u5e746\u670813\u65e5\u52308\u670831\u53f7\uff0c\u5b59\u4e0e\u848b\u5171\u89c1\u976229\u6b21\uff0c\u5f80\u6765\u4e4b\u5bc6\u5207\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u6591\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1912\u5e7410\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u5c61\u5c61\u63ed\u9732\u548c\u8ba5\u8bbd”\u5b59\u5927\u70ae”\u51fa\u5356\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u501f\u52a9\u65e5\u672c\u8d22\u9600\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u56fe\u8c0b\u6267\u653f\u7684”\u62a5\u754c\u5947\u624d”\u9ec4\u8fdc\u751f\uff0c\u501f\u9ec4\u5174\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5b59\u6587\uff1a”\u8bb0\u8005\u773c\u4e2d\u4e4b\u9ec4\u514b\u5f3a—-\u7ec8\u5f02\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e4b\u5927\u8a00\u65e0\u5b9e\u3002\u82e5\u8bb0\u8005\u7ba1\u7aa5\u8821\u6d4b\u4e4b\u89c1\u4e0d\u751a\u8c2c\u8bef\uff0c\u5219\u8bb0\u8005\u613f\u4e3a\u5b8b\uff08\u6559\u4ec1\uff09\u7cfb\u800c\u517c\u9ec4\uff08\u5174\uff09\u7cfb\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u613f\u4e3a\u5b59\uff08\u6587\uff09\u7cfb\u4e5f\u3002”1915\u5e7412\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u9ec4\u8fdc\u751f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u4e27\u547d\u4e8e\u9ed1\u67aa\u4e4b\u4e0b\u30021985\u5e749\u6708\u9ec4\u8fdc\u751f\u5b66\u672f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5f53\u5e74\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7f8e\u6d32\u603b\u652f\u90e8\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u6797\u68ee\uff08\u540e\u66fe\u4efb\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09\u6307\u6d3e\u5176\u8b66\u536b\u5218\u5317\u6d77\u523a\u6740\u9ec4\u8fdc\u751f\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u81ea\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u515a\u9b41\u3001\u540e\u6765\u7684\u6c11\u56fd”\u56fd\u7236”\u5b59\u6587\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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