{"id":26683,"date":"2012-04-10T10:42:00","date_gmt":"2012-04-10T10:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=26683 "},"modified":"2012-04-10T10:42:00","modified_gmt":"2012-04-10T10:42:00","slug":"26683-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=26683","title":{"rendered":"\u8f9b\u5b50\u9675:\u653f\u6539\u5174\u90a6 \u8131\u82cf\u5165\u7f8e[1]\u2014\u2014\u81f4\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5927\u65b0\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uff08\u53c2\u4e0e2012\u5e744\u670810\u65e5\u8baf\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/span>1\u3001\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4f1a\u89c1\u6ce2\u5170\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u65f6\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a“\u6211\u4eec\u4e24\u56fd\u539f\u6765\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u82cf\u8054\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u770b\u6765\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

[2]<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001 \u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4f53\u5236\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u515a\u5728\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u9886\u8896\u5728\u515a\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a“\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236”\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u300a\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u548c\u53db\u5f92\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u300b\u662f\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5217\u5b81\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5c31\u662f\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u6bcd\u672c\u3002\u7528\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff1a\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236“\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u51ed\u501f\u66b4\u529b\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9650\u5236\u7684\u653f\u6743\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

[3]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u72ec\u88c1\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u5e94\u6709\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a“\u5728\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u72ec\u88c1\u6210\u4e3a\u9769\u547d\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u8005\u3001\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u548c\u6267\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\u7684\u4e8b\u3002” “\u6240\u4ee5\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u7684\uff08\u5373\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff09\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u4e0e\u5b9e\u884c\u4e2a\u4eba\u72ec\u88c1\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u7edd\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u539f\u5219\u6027\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

[4]<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001 \u4ece<\/span>1919\u5e74\u5217\u5b81\u5c31\u628a\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\u3002\u6beb\u4e0d\u542b\u7cca\u5730\u8868\u793a\uff1a“\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4f9d\u9760\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u79bb\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u5730\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

[5]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u3001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u662f\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u72ec\u521b\u3002\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u575a\u6301\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u6784\u60f3\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u662f\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u4f53\u3002\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e\u4e0d\u662f\u519b\u4e8b\u5f3a\u4eba\u5750\u5929\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5404\u6d3e\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u5206\u80a5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5168\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u666e\u9009\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e03\u6717\u57fa\u6d3e\u3001\u84b2\u9c81\u4e1c\u6d3e\u548c\u65b0\u96c5\u5404\u5bbe\u6d3e\u8054\u5408\u6267\u653f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u516c\u793e\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u4eba\u8eab\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u96c6\u4f1a\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u81ea\u7531\uff1b\u516c\u6c11\u6709\u6743\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u968f\u65f6\u64a4\u6362\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u53d6\u6d88\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u9ad8\u85aa\u5236\u548c\u4e00\u5207\u7279\u6743\u30021891\u5e743\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e20\u5468\u5e74\uff0c\u6069\u683c\u65af\u64b0\u6587\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5148\u751f\u4eec\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebd\u6837\u5b50\u5417\uff1f\u8bf7\u770b\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e\u5427\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

[6]<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001 \u8fd9\u65f6\u6069\u683c\u65af\u66f4\u52a0\u770b\u91cd\u5df4\u9ece\u516c\u793e\u7ee7\u627f\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u6069\u683c\u65af\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa\u7528\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4ee3\u66ff\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\uff1a“\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6bcb\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u515a\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

[7]<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001 \u8fd9\u540c\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u7406\u8bba\u7edd\u65e0\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u662f\u5217\u5b81\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\u548c\u9886\u8896\u72ec\u88c1\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u5929\u7ecf\u5730\u4e49\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7978\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002\u7acb\u56fd<\/span>63\u5e74\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u5927\u7978\u4e71\uff1a\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u997f\u6b7b\u4e09\u5343\u4e03\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u6574\u4e86\u4e00\u4ebf\u4eba\u6b7b\u4e86\u4e24\u5343\u4e07\uff0c1989\u5e74“\u516d\u56db”\u8c03\u52a8\u56fd\u9632\u519b\u9547\u538b\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1713\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u9020\u7684\u5b7d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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[8]<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001 \u7ee7\u7eed\u6297\u62d2\u653f\u6539\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u8d70\u5411\u81ea\u6211\u6bc1\u706d\u3002\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u8427\u9ed8\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a“\u51e1\u6211\u515a\u5185\u540c\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u89e3\u51b3\u6743\u8d35\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\uff0c\u6f20\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6216\u53ea\u8ddf\u7740\u8bf4\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u5047\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\uff0c\u538b\u5236\u548c\u6d88\u97f3\u7684\u662f\u53cd\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

[9]<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001 \u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u9650\u5236\u548c\u89e6\u52a8\u6743\u8d35\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u6743\u8d35\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u533a\u5206\u771f\u5047\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u7684\u8bd5\u91d1\u77f3\u3002\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\u6c6a\u6d0b\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u7406\u6027\u5730\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u4e4c\u574e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u53c8\u4e8e<\/span>2012\u5e741\u67084\u65e5<\/span>\u5728\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\u59d4\u5341\u5c4a\u5341\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u4f1a\u4e0a\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u4e0e<\/span>30\u5e74\u524d\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u6539\u9769\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u662f\u65e2\u6709\u5229\u76ca\u683c\u5c40\uff0c“\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5229\u76ca\u683c\u5c40\u51b3\u5b9a\u6539\u9769\u7684\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6539\u9769\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

[10]<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001 \u6c6a\u6d0b\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u59d4\u5458\u548c\u7701\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\u4e2d\u6562\u4e8e\u6311\u6218\u5229\u76ca\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u6392\u5934\u5175\u3002\u771f\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u4f1a\u8ddf\u4e0a\u6765\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u5168\u515a\u5927\u9192\u609f\uff0c\u5e9f\u9664\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/strong><\/p>

\u4e2d\u56fd\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/strong><\/p>

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1958\u5e742\u670811\u65e5<\/span>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u5468\u6069\u6765\u603b\u7406\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u300a\u5173\u4e8e<\/span>1958\u5e74\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8ba1\u5212\uff08\u8349\u6848\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a1958\u5e74\u7684\u94a2\u4ea7\u91cf\u662f624.8\u4e07\u5428\u3002\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf3920\u4ebf\u65a4\u3002<\/span><\/p>

[14]<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u3001 \u6309\u7167\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u65e2\u7ecf\u4eba\u5927\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5177\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u590d\u8bae\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u662f\u65e0\u6743\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u3002\u540c\u5e74<\/span>6\u670819\u65e5<\/span>\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u6e38\u6cf3\u6c60\u95ee\u51b6\u91d1\u90e8\u957f\u738b\u9e64\u5bff\uff1a“\uff08\u94a2\u4ea7\u91cf\uff09\u53bb\u5e74\u662f\u4e94\u767e\u4e09\uff08<\/span>535\u4e07\u5428\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u53ef\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a\uff1f”\u738b\u9e64\u5bff\u8bf4\uff1a“\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u5e03\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e0b\u770b\u3002”\u63a8\u6ce2\u620f\u6d6a\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u4e00\u7b54\uff0c\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u94a2\u4ea7\u91cf\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u628a\u6307\u6807\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a1070\u4e07\u5428\u3002\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u548c\u8c2d\u9707\u6797\u5546\u91cf\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f6000-7000\u4ebf\u65a4\u3002\u6bd41957\u5e74\u76843700\u4ebf\u65a4\uff0c\u4e5f\u63a5\u8fd1\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a“\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a”\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u548c\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u8fde\u4e2a\u62db\u547c\u90fd\u4e0d\u6253\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u5b9a\u4e86\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u8bae\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5f39\u52be\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8fdd\u80cc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u7ecf\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u4e71\u63d0\u6307\u6807\u975e\u6cd5\uff1b\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u4fee\u6539\u4eba\u5927\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u8fdd\u5baa\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a“\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a”\u4e0d\u7b97\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4eba\u5927\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u8d85\u8fc7\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5468\u6069\u6765\u603b\u7406\u5173\u4e8e\u5de5\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u548c\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5219\u540e\u6765\u56db\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb3\u6e05\u6d77\u664f\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u5347\u5e73\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u52b3\u6c11\u4f24\u8d22\u7684\u5927\u95f9\u5267\uff0c\u4e5f\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5927\u9965\u8352\u997f\u6b7b\u4eba\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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“\u5927\u653f\u65b9\u9488\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u4e66\u8bb0\u5904\u3002”\u8fd9\u7b49\u4e8e\u662f\u593a\u4e86\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7684\u6743\u3002\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u6210\u4e86\u6709\u540d\u65e0\u5b9e\u7684“\u5f71\u5b50\u5185\u9601”\uff0c\u5468\u6069\u6765\u6210\u4e86\u5f71\u5b50\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u53ea\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fce\u6765\u9001\u5f80\u8dd1\u9f99\u5957\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u52a1\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u6743\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u6743\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u62ab\u6302\u4e0a\u9635\uff0c\u5e26\u9886\u4e94\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ec4\u4eb2\u4e34\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ebf\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e3e“\u4e09\u9762\u7ea2\u65d7”\uff0c\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u516c\u793e\u5316\u548c\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u4ed6\u968f\u610f\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u968f\u610f\u6279\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u660e\u51b3\u5fc3\u5927\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e2d\u65e0\u6570\u529e\u6cd5\u591a\u3002\u516c\u7136\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a“\u7a7a\u60f3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5b9e\u884c\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

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\u6b64\u6b21\u4e2d\u592e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08<\/span>1960\u5e747\u67085\u65e5<\/span>\uff5e<\/span>8\u670810\u65e5<\/span>\u5317\u6234\u6cb3\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8bae\uff09\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6708\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u5bf9\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e“\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u5de9\u56fa\u3001\u5145\u5b9e\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8”\u7684\u516b\u5b57\u65b9\u9488\u3002\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u95ed\u5e55\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e00\u8138\u75c5\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u601c\u516e\u516e\uff0c\u5fc3\u60c5\u6c89\u91cd\u5730\u4f5c\u4e86\u68c0\u8ba8\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u61c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u95ef\u4e86\u5927\u7978\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u4e48\u5927\u7684\u9965\u8352\uff0c\u997f\u6b7b\u4e86\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u59cb\u4f5c\u4fd1\u8005\uff0c\u96be\u9003\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u5728\u5ea7\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u5e38\u59d4\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u59d4\u5458\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u3001\u7701\u5e02\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u96be\u8131\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u8d23\u4efb\u4eba\u4eba\u4e00\u4efd\u3002\u4ed6\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u5168\u4f1a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u9000\u5c45\u4e8c\u7ebf\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8fc7\u95ee\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u515a\u52a1\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u6307\u6325\u5de5\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\uff1b\u53ea\u548c\u6797\u5f6a\u4e24\u4eba\u7ba1\u7ba1\u519b\u4e8b\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u5171\u8fd0\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u5c31\u662f\u8bfb\u4e66\u3001\u517b\u75c5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u5e76\u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u8bae\u6b63\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7\u515a\u5185\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u517b\u75c5\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7531\u5c11\u5947\u540c\u5fd7\u4ee3\u884c\u515a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u804c\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u5728\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff1a“\u73b0\u5728\u4ee3\u4e0d\u4ee3\u7406\u4e0d\u8981\u7d27\uff0c\u8981\u7d27\u7684\u662f\u5168\u56fd\u6551\u707e\u6551\u4eba\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u8840\u6dcb\u6dcb\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u8c03\u6574\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u53d1\u653e\u6551\u6d4e\u7cae\u6b3e\uff0c\u5206\u7ed9\u793e\u5458\u81ea\u7559\u5730\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u519c\u6c11\u79cd\u7cae\u79cd\u83dc\uff0c\u641e\u5c0f\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u519c\u6751\u96c6\u5e02\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u81ea\u6551\u3002\u4eba\u6c11\u516c\u793e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6761\u6761\u6846\u6846\u5148\u653e\u4e00\u653e\u5427\uff0c\u8c01\u7684\u9762\u5b50\u4e5f\u987e\u4e0d\u4e0a\u4e86\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u4e00\u540d\u8d2b\u96c7\u519c\u7684\u5973\u513f\u3001\u9752\u5e74\u5de5\u4eba\u90fd\u6562\u5230\u4e2d\u5357\u6d77\u95e8\u53e3\u6765\u558a\u51a4\uff0c\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u9762\u5bf9\u9965\u8352\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u8fd8\u6015\u4f60\u5173\u4ed6\u73ed\u623f\u6740\u4ed6\u5934\uff1f\u4f60\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4eba\u6d3b\uff0c\u4eba\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u6d3b\uff1f\u903b\u8f91\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u5168\u515a\u540c\u5fd7\u7acb\u5373\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u540c\u5fc3\u540c\u5fb7\uff0c\u5343\u65b9\u767e\u8ba1\u6e21\u8fc7\u9965\u8352\uff0c\u7b49\u5230\u51fa\u4e86\u9ec4\u5de2\u3001\u674e\u81ea\u6210\u518d\u6765\u8865\u6551\uff0c\u5c31\u665a\u4e86\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u867d\u7136\u6682\u65f6\u4ea4\u51fa\u4e86\u515a\u7684\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4ea4\u519b\u59d4\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5931\u53bb\u519b\u6743\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u53cd\u653b\u5012\u7b97\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u9000\u5c45\u4e8c\u7ebf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u5fc3\u8ba4\u9519\uff0c\u662f\u8feb\u4e8e\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e09\u9762\u7ea2\u65d7\u8fd8\u5f97\u575a\u6301\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u7ed9\u7ea0\u6b63\u7a7a\u60f3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u9519\u8bef\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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1960\u5e743\u670830\u65e5<\/span>\u5230<\/span>4\u67088\u65e5<\/span>\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c4a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f1a\u6807\u8fd8\u662f“\u603b\u8def\u7ebf\u3001\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u3001\u4eba\u6c11\u516c\u793e\u4e09\u9762\u7ea2\u65d7\u4e07\u5c81\uff01”\u4e24\u5343\u540d\u6765\u81ea\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u7701\u7684“\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868”\u90fd\u5949\u547d\u4e09\u4e0d\u8c08\uff1a\u4e00\u4e0d\u8c08\u7cae\u98df\u5f81\u8d2d\u4efb\u52a1\u8fc7\u91cd\uff1b\u4e8c\u4e0d\u8c08\u519c\u6751\u7f3a\u7cae\uff1b\u4e09\u4e0d\u8c08\u997f\u6b7b\u4eba\u3002\u53ea\u51c6“\u7545\u8c08”\u6240\u5728\u7701\u533a\u7684“\u5927\u597d\u5f62\u52bf”\uff0c\u4e3e\u624b\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u5230<\/span>1961\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5927\u9965\u8352\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u997f\u6b7b\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5cf0\uff0c\u997f\u6b7b1327\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u5e72\u90e8\u624d“\u8c41\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86”\u641e“\u5305\u4ea7\u5230\u6237”\uff0c\u5230\u7b2c\u56db\u5e74\u624d\u904f\u6b62\u4f4f\u997f\u6b7b\u4eba\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u52bf\u5934\uff0c\u51cf\u4e3a751.8\u4e07\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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 [22]<\/span><\/a><\/span> \u3001\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6743\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u683d\u5728“\u6211\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97”\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u7684\u80a5\u7530\u6c83\u571f\u3002\u8981\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\uff0c\u614e\u91cd\u9009\u4eba\u5f53\u7136\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u4f53\u5236\u3002\u6253\u7834\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u628a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c“\u76d7”\u8d70\u7684\u519b\u6743\u8fd8\u7ed9\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u519b\u961f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5316\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u653f\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u8d77\u6b65\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u638c\u519b\u6743\u7684“\u72c4\u514b\u63a8\u591a”\u76d1\u56fd\u3002\u8981\u6062\u590d<\/span>1949\uff5e1954\u5efa\u56fd\u521d\u671f\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u9886\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u603b\u7406\u3001\u4eba\u5927\u59d4\u5458\u957f\u5171\u638c\u519b\u6743\uff0c\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u957f\u4e3a\u519b\u59d4\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u4e3b\u6301\u5e38\u52a1\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5b9a\u519b\u59d4\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u603b\u7406\u3001\u59d4\u5458\u957f\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5b9a\u519b\u59d4\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u8bbe\u59d4\u5458\u82e5\u5e72\u4eba\u3002\u4e3e\u51e1\u5bf9\u5916\u5ba3\u6218\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u7528\u5175\uff0c\u9876\u5c42\u519b\u4e8b\u5c06\u9886\uff08\u5927\u519b\u533a\u6b63\u804c\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u7684\u4efb\u547d\uff0c\u519b\u59d4\u4f5c\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u7968\u51b3\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u8d5e\u6210\u65b9\u80fd\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0b\u8fbe\u987b\u4e3b\u5e2d\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4e09\u4eba\u8054\u7f72\uff0c\u4f7f\u519b\u961f\u771f\u6b63\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7740\u773c\u70b9\u6709\u4e09\uff1a\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4e0d\u8bbe\u515a\u7684\u519b\u59d4\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728“\u515a\u6307\u6325\u67aa”\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5f0f\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u91ce\u5fc3\u5bb6\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4e09\u4eba\u5171\u638c\u519b\u6743\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u519b\u6743\u843d\u5165\u4e00\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d1989\u5e74“\u516d\u56db”\u90a3\u4e2a\u75db\u5fc3\u4e8b\u4ef6\u91cd\u6f14\u3002\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5bf9\u9876\u5c42\u519b\u4e8b\u5c06\u9886\u7684\u4efb\u7528\uff0c\u7531\u519b\u59d4\u4e3b\u5e2d\u63d0\u540d\uff0c\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e8c\u591a\u6570\u7968\u51b3\u5236\uff0c\u5c06\u4fdd\u8bc1\u519b\u961f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5316\u3002\u4e0d\u6253\u788e\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u51fa\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u88ab\u7834\u574f\uff0c30\u5e74\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5c06\u8981\u7389\u77f3\u4ff1\u711a\u3002\u7ef4\u62a4\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u5f53\u653f\u8005\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c06\u81ea\u6398\u575f\u5893\uff0c\u6b65\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u3001\u8d75\u7d2b\u9633\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u540e\u5c18\uff0c\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u541e\u6ca1\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u6539\u9769\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6551\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6551\u515a\u3002\u9996\u5148\u53d7\u76ca\u7684\u662f\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6709\u4e86\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8fdb\u9000\u6709\u4e86\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6446\u8131\u4e86“\u5a46\u5a46”\u7684\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u653f\u7ee9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u5230\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u5bf9\u5f85\u548c\u8bc4\u5224\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9000\u4f11\u4ee5\u540e\u80fd\u591f\u4f53\u9762\u5730\u5ea6\u8fc7\u665a\u5e74\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u53f0\u6e7e\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u53d1\u8868\u91cd\u8981\u8c08\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>

\u5982\u679c\u5927\u9646\u65b9\u9762\u89e3\u9664\u515a\u7981\u62a5\u7981\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u653f\u515a\u5c06\u8d74\u5927\u9646\u53c2\u9009\u5927\u4e2d\u534e\u533a\u56fd\u5bb6\u603b\u7edf\u3001\u5185\u9601\u603b\u7406\u7b49\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u548c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7edf\u4e00\u5c06\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u969c\u788d\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u6ca1\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5927\u9646\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c11\u9009\u653f\u6cbb\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u62d2\u7edd\u548c\u5927\u9646\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u793a‘\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5cb8\u5728\u4eba\u6743\u81ea\u7531\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u6b65\u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002’\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u5f85\u88ab\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5929\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5947\u8c08\u602a\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f“\u897f\u5316”\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\uff0c\u662f\u5ef6\u5b89\u65f6\u4ee3\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3001\u5468\u6069\u6765\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002<\/span><\/p>

1944\u5e74\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u628a“\u6211\u515a\u7684\u594b\u6597\u76ee\u6807”\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e3a“\u5efa\u7acb\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f0f\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u80fd\u4eab\u53d7\u6c11\u4e3b\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u3002”[23]<\/span><\/a><\/span> 1945\u5e749\u6708\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7b54\u8def\u900f\u793e\u8bb0\u8005\uff0c\u5c06\u5efa\u7acb\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f0f\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u4f5c\u4e86\u5c55\u5f00\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5404\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u666e\u904d\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u65e0\u8bb0\u540d\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u9009\u4e3e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u7684\u4e09\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u6797\u80af\u7684\u6c11\u6709\u3001\u6c11\u6cbb\u3001\u6c11\u4eab\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4e0e\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7684\u56db\u5927\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u4fdd\u8bc1\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u56e2\u7ed3\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5404\u6c11\u4e3b\u5f3a\u56fd\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/p>

[24]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u3001\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u653f\u6cbb\u9057\u4ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u6027\u7cbe\u534e\u4e22\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c01\u5efa\u6027\u7cdf\u7c95\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u660e\u6cbb\u7ef4\u65b0\u9760“\u8131\u4e9a\u5165\u6b27”\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u4f53\u653f\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e3b\u5f20“\u8131\u82cf”\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e3b\u5f20“\u5165\u7f8e”\uff0c\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u662f“\u8131\u82cf\u5165\u7f8e”\uff0c\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u62e8\u4e71\u8fd4\u6b63\uff0c\u629b\u5f03\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u629b\u5f03\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u4e09\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u6797\u80af\u7684\u6c11\u6709\u3001\u6c11\u6cbb\u3001\u6c11\u4eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7684\u56db\u5927\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5373\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u514d\u4e8e\u532e\u4e4f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u514d\u4e8e\u6050\u60e7\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5341\u516b\u5927\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e0d\u8981\u9519\u5931\u5efa\u529f\u7acb\u4e1a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u63a5\u8fc7\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u7684\u6a44\u6984\u679d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5927\u9646\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u56de\u5e94\u53f0\u6e7e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5584\u610f\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u56fd\u5171\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u8c08\u5224\u3002\u8c08\u5224\u6210\u529f\u662f\u53cc\u8d62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3001\u5468\u6069\u67651946\u5e74\u548c\u5e73\u5efa\u56fd\u84dd\u56fe\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u662f\u6211\u515a\u4e2d\u5174\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u73b0\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u4ee5\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u65b0\u6587\u660e\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u52a0\u5165<\/span>WTO\u878d\u5165\u5168\u7403\u5171\u540c\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7ee7\u7eed\u575a\u6301\u654c\u89c6\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u53cd\u5bf9\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9635\u8425\u6b8b\u4f59\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u3001\u652f\u6301\u8005\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u8005\u7684\u59ff\u6001\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u5bb6\u7684\u8b66\u60d5\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f60\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u91ce\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u59cb\u7ec8\u9762\u4e34\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u654c\u610f\u3002\u653f\u6539\u5174\u90a6\uff0c\u8131\u82cf\u5165\u7f8e\uff0c\u5f00\u521b\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u653f\u65b0\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u878d\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u6c11\u4e3b\u6f6e\u6d41\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u5e73\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/p>


[1]<\/span><\/a> \u672c\u6587\u66fe\u4ee5\u300a\u8131\u82cf\u5165\u7f8e\u300b\u7684\u6807\u9898\u5728\u6d77\u5185\u5916\u7f51\u4e0a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u6536\u5165\u6587\u96c6\u505a\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u4fee\u8ba2\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[2]<\/span><\/a> \u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\uff1a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u95ee\u9898\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u6587\u9009\u300b\u7b2c<\/span>3\u5377\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/span>1993\u5e74\u7248\u7b2c<\/span>178\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[3]<\/span><\/a> \u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/span>1956\u5e74\u7248\u7b2c<\/span>28\u5377\u7b2c<\/span>218\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[4]<\/span><\/a> \u300a\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u6743\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u4efb\u52a1\u300b\u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u7b2c<\/span>1\u7248\u7b2c<\/span>245\uff5e<\/span>246\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[5]<\/span><\/a> \u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u4fc4\u6587\u7248\u7b2c<\/span>3\u7248\u7b2c24\u5377\u7b2c423\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[6]<\/span><\/a> \u300a“\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u5185\u6218”\u4e00\u4e66\u5bfc\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u5168\u96c6\u300b<\/span>1965\u5e74\u7248\u7b2c<\/span>22\u5377\u7b2c<\/span>229\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[7]<\/span><\/a> \u6069\u683c\u65af\uff1a\u300a<\/span>1891\u5e74\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7eb2\u9886\u8349\u6848\u6279\u5224\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u7b2c<\/span>22\u5377\u7b2c<\/span>274\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[8]<\/span><\/a> 2003<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>2<\/span>\u6708<\/span>19<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>\uff0c\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u5728\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5168\u4f53\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u9762\u4e34\u6267\u653f\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u5411\u515a\u5185\u53d1\u51fa\u6700\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u8b66\u544a\uff1a“\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5b98\u50da\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u6b63\u5728\u903c\u8feb\u4eba\u6c11\u8d77\u6765\u9769\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u547d\u3002”<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[9]<\/span><\/a> \u8427\u9ed8\uff1a\u300a\u58f0\u8ba8\u6743\u8d35\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7——\u4e3a\u8f9b\u5b50\u9675\u4e00\u8fa9\u300b\uff0c<\/span>2011\u5e74<\/span>5\u6708<\/span>15\u65e5<\/span>\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u4e94\u67f3\u6751\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[10]<\/span><\/a> 2012\u5e74<\/span>1\u6708<\/span>6\u65e5<\/span>\u300a\u8054\u5408\u65e9\u62a5\u7f51\u300b\u66fe\u5b9e\u5e7f\u5dde\u62a5\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[11]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u7f51\u4e0a\u6d41\u4f20\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bb2\u8bdd\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u73b0\u5b58\u4e2d\u592e\u6863\u6848\u9986\u4e00\u5ba4\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u51c6\u67e5\u9605\u3002\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bdd\u51fa\u81ea\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e2a\u5934\u8111\u624d\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8bf4\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa<\/span>60\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5baa\u6cd5\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u6765\u662f\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u5de9\u56fa\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u548c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bba\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u8bdd\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u6bb5\u8bdd\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u6f14\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u90a3\u6bb5\u8bdd\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\u5386\u4ee3\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e72\u90e8\u90fd\u6ca1\u628a\u5baa\u6cd5\u5f53\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u4eba\u6562\u7528\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bdd\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u4f7f\u56fd\u5bb6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6709\u5929\u7136\u7684\u8f6f\u5f31\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p><\/div>

[12]<\/span><\/a> \u8bc4\u5267\u300a\u5218\u5de7\u513f\u300b\u662f\u8001\u89e3\u653e\u533a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u9a6c\u4e13\u5458\u4fdd\u62a4\u5218\u5de7\u513f\u5a5a\u59fb\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u9a6c\u9752\u5929\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[13]<\/span><\/a> \u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u529e\u516c\u5385\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4\u7f16\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u6cd5\u6cbb\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/span>1991\u5e74\u7248\u7b2c<\/span>102\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[14]<\/span><\/a> \u8584\u4e00\u6ce2\uff1a\u300a\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e94\u516b\u5e74\u5ea6\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8ba1\u5212\u8349\u6848\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b<\/span>1958\u5e74<\/span>2\u6708<\/span>13\u65e5<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[15]<\/span><\/a> \u89c1\u300a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5efa\u56fd\u4ee5\u6765\u6587\u7a3f\u300b\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u7b2c\u4e03\u518c\u7b2c268-269\u9875<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[16]<\/span><\/a> \u300a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u5317\u6234\u6cb3\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u6269\u5927\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u300b\uff08<\/span>1958\u5e74<\/span>8\u6708<\/span>21\u65e5<\/span>\uff09<\/span>1968\u5e74\u6b66\u6c49\u9020\u53cd\u6d3e\u7f16\u5370\u300a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u4e07\u5c81\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[17]<\/span><\/a> \u5eb7\u751f\u5728<\/span>1967\u5e74<\/span>2\u6708\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6279\u793a\u4e2d\u5199\u5230\uff1a“<\/span>1962\u5e74\u4e2d\u592e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08\u6307“\u4e03\u5343\u4eba\u5927\u4f1a”\uff09\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u515a\u5185\u575a\u6301\u8d70\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u64ae\u5206\u5b50\u7adf\u7136\u5728\u4f1a\u573a\u8d34\u51fa\u53cd\u52a8\u6807\u8bed\uff0c\u77db\u5934\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u51c6\u4f1f\u5927\u9886\u8896\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002”\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5728“\u4e03\u5343\u4eba\u5927\u4f1a”\u53ec\u5f00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5e72\u90e8\u5bf9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u9886\u5bfc\u7684“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u4e86\u6df1\u6076\u75db\u7edd\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u624d\u6562\u4e8e\u5192\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u5927\u4e0d\u97ea\u8d34\u51fa\u4e86\u5eb7\u751f\u6240\u8c13\u7684“\u53cd\u52a8\u6807\u8bed”\u3002<\/span> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6279\u4ef6\u5b58\u4e2d\u592e\u6863\u6848\u9986\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[18]<\/span><\/a> \u516b\u8001<\/span>\u662f\u6307<\/span>1980\u5e74\u4ee3<\/span><\/a>\u5230<\/span>1990\u5e74\u4ee3<\/span><\/a>\u4e2d\u671f\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u62e5\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u51b3\u7b56\u6743\u529b\u7684\u516b\u4f4d\u5143\u8001\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f<\/span>\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73<\/span><\/a>\u3001<\/span>\u9648\u4e91<\/span><\/a>\u3001<\/span>\u6768\u5c1a\u6606<\/span><\/a>\u3001<\/span>\u8584\u4e00\u6ce2<\/span><\/a>\u3001<\/span>\u5f6d\u771f<\/span><\/a>\u3001<\/span>\u9093\u9896\u8d85<\/span><\/a>\u3001<\/span>\u674e\u5148\u5ff5<\/span><\/a>\u3001<\/span>\u738b\u9707<\/span><\/a>\u3002\u516b\u8001\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u548c\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u548c\u4e1a\u7ee9\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684“\u516b\u8001”\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[19]<\/span><\/span><\/a> \u300a<\/span>\u4e00\u9760\u7406\u60f3\u4e8c\u9760\u7eaa\u5f8b\u624d\u80fd\u56e2\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u6587\u9009\u300b\u7b2c<\/span>3\u5377\u7b2c<\/span>110~ 111\u9875\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[20]<\/span><\/a> \u5cb3\u5065\u6c38\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u795e\u8bdd—\u5e02\u573a\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8054\u59fb\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u300b<\/span>2011\u5e74\u7b2c<\/span>6\u671f\u7b2c<\/span>26\u9875\uff08<\/span>18\uff09<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[21]<\/span><\/a> 1979\u5e74<\/span>1\u6708<\/span>17\u65e5<\/span>\uff0c\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u5728\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\u5802\u798f\u5efa\u5385\u5bb4\u8bf7\u4e86\u4e94\u4f4d\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5ba2\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\uff1a\u80e1\u53a5\u6587\uff0c\uff08<\/span>84\u5c81\uff09\u6c11\u65cf\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u539f\u4e0a\u6d77\u6c11\u8425\u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u5de8\u5934\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u526f\u59d4\u5458\u957f\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5efa\u56fd\u4f1a\u4e3b\u59d4\uff1b\u80e1\u5b50\u6602\uff0c\uff08<\/span>82\u5c81\uff09\u6c11\u65cf\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u539f\u56db\u5ddd\u6c11\u8425\u94a2\u94c1\u5de5\u4e1a\u5de8\u5934\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5de5\u5546\u8054\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\uff1b\u8363\u6bc5\u4ec1\uff0c\uff08<\/span>63\u5c81\uff09\u6c11\u65cf\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u539f\u4e0a\u6d77\u6c11\u8425\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u4e1a\u5de8\u5934\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u5de5\u5546\u8054\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\uff1b\u5468\u53d4\u5f22\uff0c\uff08<\/span>88\u5c81\uff09\u6c11\u65cf\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u539f\u5929\u6d25\u6c11\u8425\u6c34\u6ce5\u5de5\u4e1a\u5de8\u5934\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u5929\u6d25\u653f\u534f\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5929\u6d25\u5de5\u5546\u8054\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\uff1b\u53e4\u8015\u865e\uff0c\uff08<\/span>74\u5c81\uff09\u6c11\u65cf\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c“\u732a\u9b03\u5927\u738b”\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u5e38\u59d4\uff0c\u5bf9\u5916\u8d38\u6613\u90e8\u8d44\u6df1\u987e\u95ee\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002“\u4e94\u8001\u706b\u9505\u5bb4”<\/span> \u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u89c9\u9192\uff0c\u628a\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u8bf7\u56de\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u4e2a\u4f53\u3001\u79c1\u8425\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u7981\u533a\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u7a7a\u60f3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7edd\u5883\u4e2d\u8d70\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[22]<\/span><\/a> \u300a\u524d\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u79d8\u4e66\u674e\u9510\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u4e00\u628a\u624b\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97<\/span>”<\/span>\u5fc5\u987b\u53d8\u66f4\u300b<\/span>2003<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>3<\/span>\u6708<\/span>1<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u73af\u7403\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u672c\u62a5\u7279\u7ea6\u8bb0\u8005\u738b\u6c38\u6cbb\u53d1\u81ea\u5317\u4eac\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[23]<\/span><\/a> \u6bdb<\/span>\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff1a<\/span>1944\u5e74\u4e0e\u5230\u8bbf\u5ef6\u5b89\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div>

[24]<\/span><\/a> \u8fd9\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u8def\u900f\u793e\u9a7b\u91cd\u5e86\u8bb0\u8005\u7518\u8d1d\u5c14\u4e66\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u590d\u3002<\/span> 1945\u5e74<\/span>9\u6708<\/span>27\u65e5<\/span>\u300a\u65b0\u534e\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\u5934\u6761\u520a\u767b\uff0c\u6807\u9898\u662f\u300a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u540c\u5fd7\u7b54\u8def\u900f\u793e\u8bb0\u8005\u3000\u4e2d\u56fd\u9700\u8981\u548c\u5e73\u5efa\u56fd\u300b\u3002<\/span>1945\u5e74<\/span>10\u6708<\/span>8\u65e5<\/span>\uff0c\u300a\u89e3\u653e\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u5934\u7248\u5934\u6761\u4ee5\u300c\u672c\u62a5\u91cd\u5e86\u8baf\u300d\u7684\u540d\u4e49\uff0c\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6807\u9898\u5168\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7b54\u95ee\u3002\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u4e1c\u5317\u4e66\u5e97<\/span>1948\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u9009\u96c6\u300b\u4e5f\u6536\u5f55\u4e86\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7b54\u95ee\u3002<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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