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\u300a\u94c1\u9e1f\u300b\u521d\u7a3f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u4e66\u7a3f\u671f\u95f4\u987a\u5e26\u505a\u4e86\u70b9\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6d3b\u513f\uff0c\u628a\u624b\u5934\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b“\u6d89\u85cf”\u4e2d\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u7b97\u662f“\u8d44\u6599\u5206\u4eab”\u3002\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4e0e\u6211\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u901a\u6653\u85cf\u8bed\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u85cf\u5b66\u5bb6Matthew Akester\u5c31\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u6587\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u82f1\u8bd1\u6709\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u5305\u62ec“\u571f\u53f8\uff08\u571f\u5b98\uff09\u3001\u5934\u4eba\u3001\u6d3b\u4f5b”\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u5728\u6c49\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u91cc\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u3002\u5766\u767d\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u52a8\u624b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u672a\u60f3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6c47\u6765\u8868\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a“\u571f\u53f8”\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210“local lords”\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f“local”\uff1f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8c01\u800c\u8a00\u662f“local”\uff1f\u5047\u5982\u6362\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u662f“local”\u5417\uff1f\u85cf\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u79f0\u547c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b98\u804c\u7684\uff1f\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u8bf7Matthew\u627e\u51fa\u5728\u5b89\u591a\u85cf\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u6c49\u3001\u85cf\u6587\u7684\u539f\u4e49\u505a\u51fa\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u91ca\u540e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5fe0\u5b9e\u4e8e\u539f\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u4efb\u610f\u6539\u52a8\u539f\u6587\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8bd1\u672c\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u811a\u6ce8\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u7684\u85cf\u6587\u539f\u6587\u53ca\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u6309\u7167\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u5c06\u6c49\u8bed\u7684“\u90e8\u843d”\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\u7684“Nomad tribe”\u65f6\uff0cMatthew\u7ed9\u6211\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u957f\u957f\u7684\u4fe1\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528tribe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u91cc\u6709\u70b9\u8d2c\u4e49\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u725b\u6d25\u82f1\u6c49\u8bcd\u5178\u300b\uff0c“tribe”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff1aracial group \uff08esp in a primitive or nomadic culture\uff09united by language\uff0creligion\uff0ccustoms\uff0cetc and living as a community under one or more chiefs\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684primitive\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u542b\u6709“\u4e0d\u5f00\u5316”\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4ed6\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u85cf\u6587tsoba\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u6211\u63d0\u9192\u4ed6“\u90e8\u843d”\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7267\u6c11\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u519c\u533a\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u7528tsoba\u4e0d\u5927\u5408\u9002\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u8981\u4e0d\u7528“nomad group”\u6765\u7279\u6307\u7267\u6c11\u90e8\u843d\uff1f\u6211\u8bf4\u90a3\u519c\u4e1a\u90e8\u843d\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7528“agricultural village”\uff1f\u4ed6\u8bf4village\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u6709“\u5b9a\u5c45”\u7684\u610f\u601d……\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6765\u56de\u56de\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6682\u65f6\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u4e86tribe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8bd1\u672c\u5c1a\u672a\u6700\u540e\u5b9a\u7a3f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5230\u5e95\u600e\u6837\u7ffb\u8bd1“\u90e8\u843d”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u518d\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u756a\u624d\u80fd\u5b9a\u6848\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

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