{"id":32430,"date":"2013-02-14T06:29:00","date_gmt":"2013-02-14T06:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=32430 "},"modified":"2013-02-14T06:29:00","modified_gmt":"2013-02-14T06:29:00","slug":"32430-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=32430","title":{"rendered":"\u7da6\u5f66\u81e3\uff1a\u5c0a\u5baa\u653f\u6539\u4e0e\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\uff08\u4e0b\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u201c\u79cd\u513f\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u5230\u201c\u516c\u6c11\u6563\u6b65\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><strong><br \/>&#8220;\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e0e\u5236\u5ea6\u53d8\u9769&#8221;\u5f81\u6587<\/strong><br \/><br \/><strong><br \/>\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u8f6c\u578b\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u7cca<\/strong><br \/><br \/>\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc5\u7136\u8f6c\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u53e3\u53f7\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u662f\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u81ea\u5df1\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u6218\u7565\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u867d\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u601d\u8def\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\u4e14\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u6539\u9769\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\u81ea\u6211\u5b8c\u5584\u826f\uff0c\u5373\u9762\u4e34\u4f55\u8c13\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d28\u7591\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u5171\u6700\u9ad8\u515a\u9996\u65b0\u8fd1\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u79f0\u575a\u6301&#8220;\u9075\u5baa\u65b9\u5411&#8221;\uff08\u4ea6\u53ef\u79f0\u4e3a&#8220;\u9876\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1&#8221;\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u91cd\u63d0\u9093&#8220;\u6478\u7740\u77f3\u5934\u8fc7\u6cb3&#8221;\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba[\u6ce81]\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a9\u76d6&#8220;\u65b9\u5411&#8221;\u4e0e&#8220;\u77f3\u5934&#8221;\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u800c\u79f0&#8220;\u6478\u7740\u77f3\u5934\u8fc7\u6cb3&#8221;\u4e0e\u52a0\u5f3a\u9876\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684&#8220;\u8fa9\u8bc1\u7edf\u4e00&#8221;[\u6ce82]\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8f6c\u578b\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u800c\u8fdc\u975e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u653f\u90a3\u6837\u4e4b\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u515a\u6743\u6700\u9ad8\u5c42\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u7cca\u662f\u957f\u671f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u5e38\u8bc6\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u65b9\u6cd5\u9519\u5f53\u6210\u76ee\u7684&#8212;&#8212;\u4e3a\u6539\u9769\u800c\u6539\u9769\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8ba1\u8f83\u6539\u9769\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u4f26\u7406\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u5927\u5c40\u9519\u8c2c\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u96be\u514d\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u652f\u6027\u9519\u8bef\u800c\u81f4\u653f\u6cbb\u51b3\u7b56\u53d1\u751f\u4e8b\u4e0e\u613f\u8fdd\u7684\u4e15\u53d8\uff0c\u5982&#8220;\u7ef4\u7a33\u65b0\u653f&#8221;\u53d6\u4ee3&#8220;\u80e1\u6e29\u65b0\u653f&#8221;\u4e8b\u5b9e[\u6ce83]\u3002\u800c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5e38\u8bc6\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5982\u6b64\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e&#8220;\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u641e\u6c11\u4e3b&#8221;\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u4ee5\u6587\u5316\u6697\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u76f8\u5f53\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u9762\u4e0d\u7528\u533a\u5206\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4e\u8d35\u8d31\u6216\u8005\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u539a\u8584\u3002\u901a\u4fd7\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a&#8220;\u79cd\u513f\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u3002\u66f4\u5f62\u8c61\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u5982&#8220;\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u8db3\u7403&#8221;\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6e10\u4ece\u6587\u5316\u6697\u793a\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u547d\u8fd0\u9b54\u5492\u3002<br \/><br \/><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u6709\u504f\u5dee\uff1a\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e\u57ae\u53f0\u540e\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u5b8c\u5584<\/strong><br \/><br \/>&#8220;\u79cd\u513f\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\u53d8\u5f02\u4e4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u5916\u6765\u5236\u5ea6\u5982\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e4b\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u3001\u5baa\u653f\u4e4b\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u7b49\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f20\u7edf\uff08\u8fc7\u6765\uff09\u56e0\u7d20\u6240\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b89\u6770\u4f0a&#8226;\u62c9\u5e15\u91d1\u65af\u57fa\uff08\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388\uff0c1990\uff09\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u57df\u5916\u5f71\u54cd\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u9053\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6&#8220;\u6240\u7167\u642c\u65f6&#8221;\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f&#8220;\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\u548c\u626d\u66f2&#8221;[\u6ce84]\u3002\u5728\u62c9\u5e15\u91d1\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f15\u8ff0\u4e86\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u6848\u4f8b[\u6ce85]\uff0c\u79f0\u66f0\uff1a&#8220;\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b96\u6c11\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u519b\u4e8b\u5f81\u670d\uff0c\u6709\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u66fe\u6216\u957f\u6216\u7f3a\u4e3a\u7f8e\u519b\u5360\u9886\uff0c\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u64a4\u519b\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u65b9\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u4e0b\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u897f\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u540e\u679c\u4e8e1898\u5e74\u7531\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5272\u8ba9\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002&#8221;[\u6ce86]<br \/><br \/>\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u5728\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u7684\u53d8\u5f62\u5373\u51fa\u73b0\u9a6c\u79d1\u65af\u7684&#8220;\u72ec\u592b\u6c11\u4e3b&#8221;[\u6ce87]\u4e4b\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u662f&#8220;\u79cd\u513f\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u7684\u5370\u8bc1\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u4ee5\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u6ca1\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f20\u7edf\u800c\u81f4\u5236\u5ea6\u79fb\u690d\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u4e5f\u9887\u6709\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u5982\u8d3a\u5723\u8fbe\u3001\u6881\u5fd7\u660e\u3001\u5370\u5c0f\u5e73\u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b66\u8005\u90fd\u9f13\u5439\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u70b9[\u6ce88]\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u6301\u6709\u8005\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u4f20\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6b63\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u65b0\u786e\u7acb\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u6027\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u4fe1\u606f\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u975e\u7cbe\u82f1\u9636\u5c42\u6240&#8220;\u5229\u7528&#8221;\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u79cd&#8220;\u5229\u7528&#8221;\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u8fc7\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u7edf\u6cbb\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u5f52\u672c\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u80e1\u7684&#8220;\u4e09\u6c11&#8221;\u5230\u4e60\u7684&#8220;\u56db\u6c11&#8221;\u4e4b\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7eaf\u4f53\u5236\u5916\u81ea\u7531\u4eba\u58eb\uff08\u5b66\u8005\uff09\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u8981\u6c42\u4f53\u5236\u5185\u5b66\u8005\u5982\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u4fdd\u6301\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e[\u6ce89]\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4ece\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u5386\u53f2\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5176&#8220;\u79cd\u513f\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u662f\u7acb\u6cd5\u6280\u672f\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u9009\u62e9\u4e5f\u662f\u8003\u8651\u672c\u571f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u30021935\u5e74\uff0c\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u5728&#8220;\u7167\u642c&#8221;\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u7684&#8220;\u603b\u7edf\u989d\u5916\u6743\u529b&#8221;\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u5373\u7279\u6b8a\uff08\u7d27\u6025\uff09\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c&#8220;\u603b\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec8\u6b62\u4eba\u8eab\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ee4\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u5168\u56fd\u6216\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u56fd\u571f\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6212\u4e25\u6cd5\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b&#8221;[\u6ce810]\u3002\u6b64\u4e3a\u540e\u6765\u7684\u9a6c\u79d1\u65af\u5a01\u6743\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e0d\u61c8\u7684\u6297\u4e89\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7edf\u6cbb\u8fd8\u8fce\u6765\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u4e4b\u6807\u5fd7\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6297\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86&#8220;\u72ec\u592b\u6c11\u4e3b&#8221;\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u603b\u7edf\u4e0e\u8bae\u4f1a\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5408\u7406\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u5408\u7406\u5206\u5272\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u603b\u7edf\u65e8\u5728\u5bf9\u6297\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u800c\u8bd5\u56fe\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u5e76\u672a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e3e\u884c[\u6ce811]\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u4f20\u7edf\uff09\u91cc\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u8981\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u56e0\u7d20\u4f1a\u88ab\u9010\u6b65\u6de1\u5316\u4e43\u81f3\u6d88\u9664\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5219\u5f97\u4ee5\u786e\u7acb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u8bf4\u660e\u8def\u6613\u65af&#8226;\u4ea8\u91d1\uff08\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff09\u5bf9\u4eba\u6743\u7684&#8220;\u6e17\u900f\u6027&#8221;\uff081990\uff09\u7684\u4e50\u89c2\u7edd\u975e\u76f2\u76ee[\u6ce812]\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd2004\u5e74\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u5c06&#8220;\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c0a\u91cd\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6743&#8221;\u5199\u8fdb\u5baa\u6cd5\u66f4\u662f\u4ea8\u91d1&#8220;\u6e17\u900f\u6027&#8221;\u8bba\u8c03\u7684\u5370\u8bc1\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5176\u95f4\u957f\u8fbe\u5341\u56db\u5e74\u3002<br \/><strong><br \/>\u4e8c\u3001\u6709\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u53f0\u6e7e320\u516c\u6295\u5bf9\u5927\u9646\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong><br \/><br \/>\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u7684&#8220;\u79cd\u513f\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u53ea\u8d77\u8fd1\u90bb\u7684\u5370\u8bc1\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6210\u529f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bc1\u5b9e\u5927\u9646\u653f\u6cbb\u5fc3\u7406\u5f53\u4e2d&#8220;\u79cd\u513f\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u662f\u4e2a\u4f2a\u547d\u9898\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u4e4b\u6210\u719f\u7aef\u5728\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u6216\u8005320\u516c\u6295\uff082004\uff09\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4f5c\u7528\u7edd\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u848b\u7ecf\u56fd\u7684\u89e3\u4e25\u653f\u7b56\uff081987\uff09\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5176\u95f4\u957f\u8fbe\u5341\u4e03\u5e74\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684320\u516c\u6295\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u5b66\u754c\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u7528\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u800c\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u8bc4\u5224\uff0c\u5c06\u6b64\u89c6\u4e3a\u53f0\u72ec\u9634\u8c0b\u800c\u6307\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u88ab\u6ee5\u7528[\u6ce813]\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u5177\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684320\u516c\u6295\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bfc\u81f4\u6cd5\u7406\u53f0\u72ec\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u516c\u6295\u5bf9\u5927\u9646\u5f71\u54cd\u4e4b\u5927\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6765\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u66f4\u52a0\u6ce8\u91cd\u5bf9\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74\uff082005\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u5bf9\u53f0\u72ec\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u300a\u53cd\u5206\u88c2\u6cd5\u300b\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u5b66\u754c\u5f00\u59cb\u6b63\u89c6\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u7814\u7a76\u5c42\u9762\u6765\u505a\u4e13\u9898\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6b64\u95f4\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728&#8220;\u5185\u90e8\u7981\u5fcc&#8221;[\u6ce814]\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e320\u516c\u6295\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ca1\u6709\u5982\u5927\u9646\u4f53\u5236\u5185\u5b66\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u6015\u4e0e\u5351\u9119\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u5baa\u653f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u79ef\u7d2f\u6027\u6210\u679c\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\uff081990\u5e745\u67082\u65e5\u81f32003\u5e7411\u670816\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u5c9b\u5185\u4e3e\u884c\u8fc7\u5341\u4e03\u6b21\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968[\u6ce815]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5e7f\u4e3a\u5927\u9646\u5b66\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u662f\u6838\u56db\u516c\u6295\u3002\u6838\u56db\u516c\u6295\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u56db\u6b21\uff0c\u5305\u62ec1994\u5e74\u7684\u8d21\u5bee\u4e0e\u53f0\u5317\u53bf\u30011996\u5e74\u7684\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u53ca1998\u5e74\u7684\u5b9c\u5170\u53bf\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u4e24\u5cb8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7eaf\u5c9b\u5185\u6c11\u751f\u4e8b\u52a1\u516c\u6295\u4e2d\uff0c\u6267\u653f\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4f01\u56fe\u4ee5\u56fd\u4f1a\u591a\u6570\u6743\u5229\u6765\u963b\u62e6\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u6cd5\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u81f32003\u5e7411\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u6cd5\u300b\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4e09\u8bfb\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u6c11\u4f17\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6548\u4eff\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\u6838\u56db\u516c\u6295\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u6c11\u751f\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c&#8220;\u516c\u6c11\u6563\u5e03&#8221;\u6210\u4e86\u6700\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u6297\u8bae\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4ee5&#8220;\u516c\u6c11\u6563\u5e03&#8221;\u4e3a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6297\u8bae\u5176\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4eff\u6548\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u6c11\u6743\u4f38\u5f20\u3001\u610f\u89c1\u8868\u8fbe\u4e4b\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u6761\u6b3e\u4e0d\u843d\u5b9e\u4e0e\u5baa\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0a\u5bf9\u516c\u6c11\u6545\u8bbe\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u53e6\u5916\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8212;&#8212;\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u5176\u6743\u5229\u4f38\u5f20\u3001\u610f\u89c1\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u800c\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4&#8220;\u79cd\u513f\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u662f\u4f2a\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c1949\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5927\u9646\u653f\u6cbb\u65b0\u4f20\u7edf\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u5730\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5272\u88c2\u3002\u800c\u53f0\u6e7e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u65b0\u4f20\u7edf\u5728\u672a\u629b\u5f03\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u53c8\u5438\u6536\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u666e\u904d\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u89c2\u5ff5\u66a8\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u6784\u5efa[\u6ce816]\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u5cb8\u5173\u7cfb\u8bf8\u591a\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\uff0c&#8220;\u6587\u5316\u7edf\u4e00&#8221;\u5219\u6709\u6210\u4e3a\u60ac\u5ff5\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6d88\u9664\u60ac\u5ff5\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u5219\u5728\u4e8e\u5927\u9646\u5baa\u653f\u4e4b\u7ef4\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ece\u6548\u6cd5\u53f0\u6e7e\u89e3\u4e25\u518d\u5230\u653e\u5f00\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u9996\u5148\u91c7\u53d6\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u89e3\u51b3\u5c0a\u5baa\u6539\u9769\u4e0e&#8220;\u9075\u5baa\u65b9\u5411&#8221;\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5931\u4e3a\u660e\u667a\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002<br \/><br \/><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u6709\u8fdb\u5c55\uff1a\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u653f\u6cbb\u63d0\u5347<\/strong><br \/><br \/>\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u5f62\u5f0f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u6bd4\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u5b83\u5148\u662f\u786e\u8ba4\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u4e3a\u7ec8\u8eab\u6267\u653f\u5b98\uff081802\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u53c8\u786e\u8ba4\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u4e3a\u7687\u5e1d\uff081804\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5148\u4f8b\u88ab\u540e\u6765\u7684\u4e0d\u5c11\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u6240\u6548\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u4e0a\u53f0\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5165\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u524a\u5f31\u653f\u515a\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u518d\u5ea6\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5373\u5982&#8220;\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u515a\u6d3e\u7acb\u573a\u800c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u8868\u6001&#8221;[\u6ce817]\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e5f\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fd9\u70b9\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6838\u56db\u516c\u6295\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u6765\u7684320\u516c\u6295\u7ed3\u679c\u5747\u4e0e\u53d1\u8d77\u8005\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u653f\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u4f5c\u7528\u5374\u662f\u5341\u5206\u660e\u663e\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8bf4\uff0c\u56db\u6b21\u5173\u4e8e\u6838\u56db\u7684\u516c\u6295\u6cd5\u7ed3\u679c\u5185\u5728\u6cd5\u7406\u4f9d\u636e\u867d\u7136\u5229\u4e8e\u6267\u653f\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u6b64\u79cd\u5229\u4e8e\u4e4b\u72b6\u4fc3\u4f7f\u540e\u6765\u6267\u653f\u7684\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u6cd5\u300b\u3002\u6b64\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u91ce\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u59a5\u534f\u8d77\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b\u5c31\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u6267\u653f\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5c31\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u4e0e&#8220;\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u5171\u8bc6&#8221;[\u6ce818]\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u66a8\u6cdb\u84dd\u9635\u8425\u4e5f\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u5229\u76ca\u66a8\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u5b58\u800c\u505a\u7acb\u573a\u8c03\u6574\u7684[\u6ce819]\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u53f0\u6e7e\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7ecf\u5178\u7248\u672c\u65e0\u7591\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c5e\u5730\u6ce2\u591a\u9ece\u5404\u81ea\u7531\u90a6\uff08soveregin free association\uff09\u57281993\u5e741\u6708\u5c31\u662f\u5426\u6210\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7b2c51\u4e2a\u5dde\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\uff08\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u72b6\uff09\u540e\uff0c\u4e0e2012\u5e741\u67086\u65e5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u516c\u6295\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e2d\u6709\u8fc7\u534a\uff08\u8fbe54%\uff09\u652f\u6301\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u72b6\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\uff08\u5728\u9884\u8bbe\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u72b6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff09\u670961%\u7684\u4eba\u5e0c\u671b\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7b2c51\u4e2a\u5dde\u5373\u53d6\u5f97statehood\u5730\u4f4d[\u6ce820]\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u66a8\u6574\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u56fd\u4f1a\uff09\u4e5f\u4f1a\u63a5\u53d7&#8220;\u5927\u8003&#8221;\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5426\u63a5\u53d7\u6295\u7968\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u63a5\u53d7\u7b2c51\u5dde\u7684\u52a0\u5165[\u6ce821]\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u7f8e\u56fd\u9762\u4e34\u6ce2\u591a\u9ece\u5404\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u8003\u9a8c\uff0c\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u5219\u9762\u4e34\u9a6c\u5c14\u7ef4\u7eb3\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u662f\u5426\u7ecf\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f52\u5c5e\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u8003\u9a8c\u3002\u88ab\u82f1\u56fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u798f\u514b\u5170\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u9a6c\u5c9b\u5c45\u6c11\u5c06\u57282013\u63d03\u6708\u4e3e\u884c\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u51b3[\u6ce822]\u3002\u6b64\u4e3e\u56fa\u7136\u4e3a\u82f1\u963f\u9a6c\u5c9b\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5584\u540e\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8e\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u6218\u4e89\u540e\u9057\u75c7\u4ee5\u53ca\u907f\u514d\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u8bba\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e4b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u5185\u6838\u662f\u4e3b\u6743\u5728\u6c11\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u5c45\u6c11\uff08\u5982\u9a6c\u5c9b\uff09\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e3b\u6743\u5728\u6c11\u4e49\u7406\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f52\u5c5e\uff0c\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u82e5\u518d\u542f\u6218\u7aef\u81ea\u7136\u8fdd\u80cc\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u9053\u4e49\u3002<br \/><strong><br \/>\u7ed3\u8bed\uff1a\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u7ef4\u8f6c\u6362\u4e4b\u5fc5\u9700<\/strong><br \/><br \/>\u4e2d\u5171\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u9876\u5c42\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e16\u60c5\u5728\u53d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f53\u7136\u5305\u62ec\u4e16\u754c\u5f62\u52bf\uff1a\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u5efa\u7acb\u5b66\u4e60\u578b\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f53\u7136\u5305\u62ec\u5b66\u4e60\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4e14\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6709\u591a\u5927\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u6709\u5426\u6536\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u53d6\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u7ef4\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e3a\u5fc5\u9700\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a&#8220;\u5927\u8003&#8221;\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u51b3\u4e0d\u5c0f\u4e8e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5bf9\u516c\u6295\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u7b2c51\u5dde\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u6743\u8861\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u5c0f\u4e8e\u82f1\u963f\u9886\u571f\u4e89\u7aef\u4e0e\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u7684\u5173\u8054\u538b\u529b\u3002<br \/><br \/>\u81f3\u5c11\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb&#8220;\u6279\u5012\u516c\u6295&#8221;\u7684\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u54ea\u4e2a\u9635\u8425\uff09\u516c\u6295\u4e3b\u5f20\u5373\u89c6\u4e3a\u53f0\u72ec\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u6781\u7aef\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5927\u9646\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u9700\u8981\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u5c42&#8220;\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u7fa4\u4f17&#8221;\u4e4b\u653f\u6cbb\u4f0e\u4fe9\u53ef\u5b8c\u5168\u6536\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u4e8c\u5584\u653f\u63aa\u65bd\uff08\u5982\u524a\u5f31\u653f\u6cd5\u59d4\u7684\u6743\u80fd\u3001\u6539\u9769\u52b3\u6559\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\uff09\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u5168\u56fd\u5343\u5dee\u4e07\u522b\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u610f\u89c1\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u4ecd\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u5baa\u6cd5\u4eba\u6c11\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u4e8c\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eca\u540e\u6539\u9769\u80fd\u5426\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6289\u62e9\u662f\uff1a\u6216\u8005\u4fee\u5baa\u800c\u7eb3\u5165\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u4e4b\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u5229\u7528\u5ba3\u4f20\u4f53\u7cfb\u9f13\u5439\u5b8c\u5168\u8bad\u653f\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e24\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u5fc3\u4e2d\u65e9\u6709\u6a21\u62df\u6295\u7968\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<br \/><br \/>2013\u5e741\u670810\u4e0b\u5348\u81f311\u65e5\u665a\u521d\u7a3f\uff0c1\u670812\u65e5\u4e0a\u5348\u6838\u5bf9\u6587\u732e\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5b9a\u7a3f\u4e8e\u542b\u6eaa\u8f69\uff08\u65b0\uff09\u4e66\u623f\u3002<br \/><br \/>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<br \/><br \/>\u6ce8\u91ca\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<br \/>[1]&amp;[2]\u53c2\u89c1\u4e2d\u534e\u7f512013\u5e741\u67082\u65e5\u8f6c\u65b0\u534e\u7f51\u6d88\u606f\uff0c&#8220;\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\uff1a\u6478\u7740\u77f3\u5934\u8fc7\u6cb3\u7b26\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u60c5&#8221;\u3002<br \/>[3]\u5173\u4e8e&#8220;\u7ef4\u7a33\u65b0\u653f&#8221;\u53d6\u4ee3&#8220;\u80e1\u6e29\u65b0\u653f&#8221;\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u53c2\u89c1\u62d9\u6587\uff0c&#8220;\u5e9f\u9664\u653f\u6cd5\u59d4\u4f53\u5236&#8212;&#8212;\u6765\u81ea\u5408\u5baa\u6027\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u63a8\u52a8&#8221;\uff0c\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u7f51\u520a2012\u5e7410\u670824\u65e5\u3002<br \/>[4]\u8def\u6613\u65af&#8226;\u4ea8\u91d1\u3001\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279&#8226;J&#8226;\u7f57\u68ee\u5854\u5c14\u5408\u7f16\u300a\u5baa\u653f\u4e0e\u6743\u5229\u300b\uff08\u4e2d\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u90d1\u6210\u3001\u8d75\u6653\u529b\u3001\u5f3a\u4e16\u529f\u8bd1\uff09\uff0cP 537\uff08\u62c9\u5e15\u91d1\u65af\u57fa\uff0c&#8220;\u6587\u732e\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u57df\u5916\u5f71\u54cd&#8221;\uff0cP 535-634\uff09\uff1b\u90d1\u8d75\u5f3a\u8bd1\u7248\u672c\uff1a\u4e09\u8054\u4e66\u5e97\uff0c1996\u3002\u539f\u7248Columbia University Press\uff0c1990\u3002<br \/>[5]\u540c[4]\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c&#8220;\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\uff1a\u4e00\u573a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9e\u9a8c&#8221;\uff08P567-570\uff09\u3002<br \/>[6]\u540c[4]\uff0cP539\u3002<br \/>[7]\u72ec\u592b\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u8bf4\u6cd5one-man democracy\u3002\u5b83\u6e90\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u60c5\u62a5\u90e8\u95e8\u5bf9\u9a6c\u79d1\u65af\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u8f6c\u5f15\u81ea\u5468\u4e1c\u534e\u8457\u300a\u6218\u540e\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8d77\u6e90\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u5317\u5927\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u6881\u5fd7\u660e\u4f5c\u5e8f\uff09\uff0cP6\u3008\u7eea\u8bba\uff0cP1-16\u3009\uff1b\u5468\u8457\u7248\u672c\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2010\u3002<br \/>[8]\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4ea6\u89c1\u4e8e[7]\u4e4b\u3008\u7eea\u8bba\u3009\uff0cP 13\u3002<br \/>[9]\u5bf9\u4e8e&#8220;\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e&#8221;\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8be0\u91ca\u8bf7\u89c1\u77ed\u6587\uff0c&#8220;\u70c2\u4e16\u4e4b\u5b98\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u4f5c\u5927\u6076\uff1f&#8221;\uff0c\u8f7d\u4e8e\u6211\u7684\u7f51\u6613\u535a\u5ba22012\u5e748\u67089\u65e5\u3002\u6211\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u754c\u5b9a\u662f\uff0c&#8220;\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e&#8221;\u662f\u6bd4&#8220;\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e&#8221;\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6216\u4e2a\u4f53\u6289\u62e9\u7684\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u4e0b\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u3002<br \/>[10]\u540c[7]\uff0cP2\u3002<br \/>[11]\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff1a1991\u5e749\u670816\u65e5\u591c\u665a\uff0c23\u4f4d\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u6295\u7968\uff0c12\u7968\uff08\u8fc7\u534a\uff09\u62d2\u7edd\u63d0\u8bae\u5ef6\u957f\u7f8e\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u6761\u7ea6\uff1b\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u6297\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u603b\u7edf\u79d1\u62c9\u677e&#8226;\u963f\u57fa\u8bfa\u63d0\u51fa\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0e\u7f8e\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u7eed\u7ea6\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u800c\u9650\u4e8e\u516c\u6c11\u53cd\u7f8e\u60c5\u7eea\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u63d0\u8bae\u5e76\u672a\u843d\u5b9e\u3002\u8bf7\u53c2\u89c1\u6bd4\u8f83\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff08CPR\uff09\u7f51\u7ad92013\u5e741\u67083\u65e5\u8f6c\u5f15\u300a\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u7eb5\u6a2a\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\uff08\u5357\u5b81\uff092010\u5e74\u7b2c7\u671f\u6587\u7ae0\uff08\u7b2c48\u81f352\u9875\uff09\uff0c&#8220;\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u97e9\u56fd\u53cd\u7f8e\u57fa\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76&#8221;\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6768\u8d85\uff09\u3002<br \/>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e0a\u7bc7\u6240\u5f15\u6587\u732e[2]\u79f0&#8220;1991\u5e748\u6708\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u603b\u7edf\u79d1\u62c9\u677e&#8226;\u963f\u57fa\u8bfa\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e3a\u662f\u5426\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u83f2\u7f8e\u519b\u57fa\u5730\u95ee\u9898\u4e3e\u884c\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8221;\uff0c\u5728\u6708\u4efd\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u4e0e\u672c\u5904\u6240\u5f15\u6587\u732e\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u8bf4\u5728\u83f2\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u8868\u51b3\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u963f\u57fa\u8bfa\u5c31\u6709\u5229\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6253\u7b97\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u732e\u7684\u6708\u4efd\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u539f\u56e0\u7a76\u7adf\u4e3a\u4f55\uff0c\u6211\u5c1a\u65e0\u76f8\u5e94\u6587\u732e\u8003\u8bc1\uff0c\u7591\u95ee\u5b58\u6b64\u5f85\u89e3\u3002\u4f46\u6839\u636e\u672c\u5904\u6240\u5f15\u6587\u732e\u9898\u76ee\u53ca\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898\u8bba\u8ff0\u66a8\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u539f\u56e0\u800c&#8220;\u5ffd\u7565&#8221;\u963f\u57fa\u8bfa1991\u5e748\u6708\u4efd\u8868\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<br \/>[12]\u540c[4]\uff0cP509\uff08\u4ea8\u91d1\uff0c&#8220;\u5baa\u653f\u4e0e\u4eba\u6743&#8221;\uff0cP509-525\uff09\u3002\u4ea8\u91d1\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u5934\u8bf4\uff1a&#8220;\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u6743\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5bb6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u6743\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u5199\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u516d\u5341\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u4eba\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u6e17\u900f\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u9645\u4eba\u6743\u6cd5\u6848\u4ea6\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002&#8221;\u8fd9\u91cc\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6570\u76ee\uff0c\u662f1990\u5e74\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<br \/>[13]\u5927\u9646\u5b66\u8005\u5f20\u8389\u5728\u5176\u6240\u8457\u300a\u53f0\u6e7e\u300c\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u300d\u8003\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a&#8220;\u867d\u7136\u4ece\u6295\u7968\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u770b&#8216;320\u516c\u6295&#8217;\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u5931\u8d25\u7684&#8216;\u516c\u6295&#8217;\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u63a8\u52a8&#8216;\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8217;\u884c\u52a8\u7684&#8216;\u53f0\u72ec&#8217;\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5b83\u6807\u5fd7\u7740&#8216;\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8217;\u673a\u5236\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u786e\u7acb\uff0c\u65e5\u540e&#8216;\u53f0\u72ec&#8217;\u5206\u5b50\u5229\u7528&#8216;\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8217;\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0&#8216;\u53f0\u72ec&#8217;\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5927\uff0c&#8216;\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8217;\u7684\u6ee5\u7528\u5c06\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd0\u7528\u7684&#8216;\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b&#8217;\u624b\u6bb5\u9010\u6e10\u5f02\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c&#8216;\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8217;\u53f2\u4e0a\u7559\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5149\u5f69 \u4e00\u7b14\u3002&#8221;\uff08P187\uff09\uff1b\u5f20\u8457\u7248\u672c\uff1a\u4e5d\u5dde\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2007\u3002<br \/>\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5168\u9762\u6279\u9a73\u53f0\u6e7e\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u6cd5\u7406\u7684\u5f20\u8457\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5baa\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u6392\u62d2\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5370\u8bc1\u3002\u5373\u5982\uff1a&#8220;\u5982\u679c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4ee5\u7279\u522b\u884c\u653f\u533a\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba2\u7acb\u5173\u4e8e&#8216;\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8217;\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e94\u8be5\u53d7\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u4e0e\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u6216\u7531\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6388\u4e88\u8ba2\u7acb\u6b64\u7c7b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6b64\u7c7b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\u3002&#8221;\uff08P49\uff09 <br \/>[14]\u53c2\u89c1\u672c\u6587\u4e0a\u7bc7\u6587\u732e[16]\u6240\u754c\u5b9a\u7684\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\u65f6\u6bb5\uff081995\u81f32008\uff09\u3002<br \/>[15]\u540c[13]\uff0c\u89c1P133-137\u5217\u8868\u300a\u53f0\u6e7e1990-2003\u5730\u65b9&#8220;\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968&#8221;\u6848\u4f8b\u300b\u3002\u8be5\u8868\u5217\u51fa\u5341\u4e5d\u6b21\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u6cd5\u300b\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u4e09\u8bfb\u901a\u8fc7\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5341\u4e03\u6b21\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u6837\u672c\u3002<br \/>[16]\u6b64\u8bba\u51fa\u81ea\u53f0\u6e7e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u73b0\u4efb\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u90e8\u957f\u9f99\u5e94\u53f0\u3002\u57282012\u5e7412\u6708\u4efd\u5176\u8bbf\u95ee\u9999\u6e2f\u671f\u95f4\u63a5\u53d7\u4e13\u8bbf\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\uff1a&#8220;\u5b83\uff08\u53f0\u6e7e\uff09\u6240\u5448\u732e\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u3001\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316&#8221;\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca&#8220;\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u5316\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002&#8221;\u539f\u8f7d\u300a\u4e9a\u6d32\u5468\u520a\u300b2012\u63d012\u670814\u65e5\uff08\u63d0\u524d\u51fa\u7248\uff09\u4e00\u671f\uff08\u8bb0\u8005\uff1a\u5f20\u5029\u70e8\uff09\uff0c\u8f6c\u5f15\u81ea\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u300a\u53c2\u8003\u6d88\u606f\u300b2012\u5e7412\u670810\u65e5\uff0c&#8220;\u9f99\u5e94\u53f0\u63a5\u53d7\u4e13\u8bbf\u8c08\u4e24\u5cb8\u6587\u5316\u4e92\u4fe1&#8221;\uff0c\u7b2c13\u7248\u3008\u6d77\u5ce1\u4e24\u5cb8\u3009\u3002<br \/>[17]\u53c2\u89c1\u672c\u6587\u4e0a\u7bc7\u6587\u732e[1]\uff0cP563\u3002<br \/>[18]\u540c[13]\uff0cP159\u3002<br \/>[19]\u540c[13]\uff0cP161\uff0c\u8f6c\u5f15\u53f0\u6e7e\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u4e3b\u529e\u300a\u5236\u5b9a\u516c\u6295\u6cd5\u5ea7\u8c08\u4f1a\u5b9e\u5f55\u300b\uff082001\u5e742\u670821\u65e5\uff09\u800c\u4e91\uff1a&#8220;\u5018\u82e5\u5728\u91ce\u8054\u76df\u62d2\u7edd\u534f\u5546\u516c\u6295\u6cd5\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u5931\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002&#8221;<br \/>[20]\u53c2\u89c1Washington File 1231\uff082012\uff09\uff0c&#8220;A&nbsp; 51st&nbsp; U &#8226;S&#8226;state ? It&nbsp; Could happen&#8221;\u3002\u8be5\u6b21\u516c\u6295\u53c2\u4e0e\u4eba\u6570\u4e3a178\u4e07\u4eba\uff08\u6709\u6548\u79681309560\uff09statehood\uff0c43.7\u4e07\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u4fdd\u6301\u73b0\u72b6\uff08soveregin free association\uff09\uff0c7.256\u4e07\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u72ec\u7acb\u3002<br \/>[21]\u4e00\u5982\u767d\u5bab\u65b0\u95fb\u79d8\u4e66Jay Carney\u6240\u8a00\uff1athe U.S congress &#8220;study the results and provide the people of Puerto Rico with a clear path forward that lays out the means by which Puerto Rico Ricans themselves can determine their own status.&#8221;<br \/>[22]\u53c2\u89c1\u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u72ec\u7acb\u62a5\u300b\u7f51\u7ad92013\u5e741\u67083\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\u3002[14]\u62a51\u67085\u65e5\u8bd1\u4ecb\uff0c&#8220;\u5361\u6885\u4f26\u62d2\u7edd\u5411\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u5f52\u8fd8\u9a6c\u5c9b&#8221;\uff08\u526f\u9898\uff1a\u79f0\u5c9b\u5c7f\u5f52\u5c5e\u7531\u5c9b\u6c11\u516c\u6295\u89e3\u51b3\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c2\u7248\u3008\u65b0\u95fb\u70ed\u70b9\u3009\u3002\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u65b9\u9762\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8c08\u5224\u89e3\u51b3\u9886\u571f\u4e89\u7aef\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5426\u5b9a\u516c\u6295\u3002<br \/><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&lt;div&gt;\u4eba\u6c11\u9700\u8981\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u5c42&amp;#8220;\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u7fa4\u4f17&amp;#8221;\u4e4b\u653f\u6cbb\u4f0e\u4fe9\u53ef\u5b8c\u5168\u6536\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u4e8c\u5584\u653f\u63aa\u65bd\uff08\u5982\u524a\u5f31\u653f\u6cd5\u59d4\u7684\u6743\u80fd\u3001\u6539\u9769\u52b3\u6559\u5236\u5ea6\u7b49\uff09\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u5168\u56fd\u5343\u5dee\u4e07\u522b\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u610f\u89c1\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u4ecd\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u5baa\u6cd5\u4eba\u6c11\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u4e8c\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eca\u540e\u6539\u9769\u80fd\u5426\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6289\u62e9\u662f\uff1a\u6216\u8005\u4fee\u5baa\u800c\u7eb3\u5165\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u4e4b\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u4e3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u5229\u7528\u5ba3\u4f20\u4f53\u7cfb\u9f13\u5439\u5b8c\u5168\u8bad\u653f\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e24\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u5fc3\u4e2d\u65e9\u6709\u6a21\u62df\u6295\u7968\u7ed3\u679c\u3002&lt;br \/&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-first","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=32430"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32430\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=32430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=32430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=32430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}