{"id":32685,"date":"2013-02-25T15:11:00","date_gmt":"2013-02-25T15:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=32685 "},"modified":"2013-02-25T15:11:00","modified_gmt":"2013-02-25T15:11:00","slug":"32685-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=32685","title":{"rendered":"\u674e\u94c1\uff1a\u97e9\u56fd\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u907f\u514d\u9769\u547d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7f16\u8005\u6309\uff1a\u97e9\u56fd\u5148\u7ecf\u5386\u9ad8\u901f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u518d\u6210\u529f\u8fdb\u884c\u653f\u6cbb\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u826f\u6027\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u542f\u793a\u3002\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u4f53\u578b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8f68\u8ff9\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u4e0e\u97e9\u56fd\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u522b\u3002\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u6027\u7684\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u501f\u9274\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

1948\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6276\u690d\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u97e9\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u548c\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f88\u591a\u53d6\u5f97\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e9a\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5efa\u56fd\u4e4b\u521d\u90fd\u6548\u6cd5\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c11\u4e3b\u5f0f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6700\u521d\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u5374\u90fd\u6454\u4e86\u8ddf\u5934\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u52a8\u8361\u548c\u6df7\u4e71\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u53c8\u91cd\u56de\u72ec\u592b\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u5f531959\u5e74\uff0c\u5f20\u52c9\u4ece\u674e\u627f\u665a\u624b\u4e2d\u63a5\u624b\u97e9\u56fd\u653f\u6743\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u529b\u5e73\u6291\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u8361\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u57281961\u5e74\uff0c\u88ab\u6734\u6b63\u7199\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u653f\u53d8\u593a\u4e86\u6743\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\u6734\u6b63\u7199\u8feb\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u6c11\u9009\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u57281963\u5e74\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u5927\u9009\u7684\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u52301987\u5e74\u5362\u6cf0\u611a\u53d1\u8868\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e00\u79cd\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u4ea8\u5ef7\u987f\u66fe\u5c0620\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u6240\u8c13\u7684“\u7b2c\u4e09\u6ce2”\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a\u53d8\u9769\uff08transformation\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u5c40\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1b\u7f6e\u6362\uff08replacement\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u63a8\u7ffb\u5f53\u5c40\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1b\u79fb\u8f6c\uff08transplacement\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u56e2\u4f53\u91c7\u53d6\u8054\u5408\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u97e9\u56fd\u5411\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e“\u79fb\u8f6c”\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5178\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5728\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d\u6b64\u6d88\u5f7c\u957f\u76f4\u81f3\u52bf\u529b\u5927\u4f53\u76f8\u5f53\u65f6\u4e92\u76f8\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u5386\u653f\u6743\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6781\u5c0f\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7531\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u5411\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u97e9\u56fd\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u5230\u7684\uff1f<\/font><\/p>\r\n

“\u6c49\u6c5f\u5947\u8ff9”\u7684\u9ec4\u660f<\/font><\/p>\r\n

1960—1970\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5728\u6734\u6b63\u7199\u653f\u6743\u7684\u96c6\u6743\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u817e\u98de\u30021960\u5e74\u4ee3\u524d\u7684\u97e9\u56fd\u662f\u4e2a\u5341\u5206\u8d2b\u7a77\u843d\u540e\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4eba\u5747GNP\u4ec5\u516b\u5341\u4f59\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u8d2b\u7a77\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5217\u3002\u4f46\u57281962—1976\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u6734\u6b63\u7199\u653f\u5e9c\u8fde\u7eed\u63a8\u51fa\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e94\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4f7f\u97e9\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6301\u7eed\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5e74\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u8fbe9.5%\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7531\u6b64\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u817e\u98de\u3002\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u5747GDP\u4e5f\u75311962\u5e74\u768487\u7f8e\u5143\u589e\u52a0\u52301979\u5e74\u76841640\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5e74\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a18.9%\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a“\u6c49\u6c5f\u5947\u8ff9”\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u6734\u6b63\u7199\u653f\u6743\u6267\u884c\u7684\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u5bfc\u578b\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u96c6\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6743\u529b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6467\u6bc1\u4e00\u5207\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5927\u529b\u6276\u6301\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c31\u50cf\u4e2a\u5927\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u603b\u7edf\u662f\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ea\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u8f66\u95f4\u6216\u9500\u552e\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

1979\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u6734\u6b63\u7199\u88ab\u523a\u8eab\u4ea1\u3002\u540c\u6837\u901a\u8fc7“\u519b\u4e8b\u653f\u53d8”\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u5168\u6597\u7115\uff0c\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86\u519b\u4eba\u72ec\u88c1\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u957f\u7684\u52bf\u5934\u3002\u8fdb\u51651980\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u97e9\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ee7\u7eed\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u8dc3\u6210\u4e3a\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u56fd\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u6743\u3001\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u63a8\u52a8\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d77\u98de\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5f0a\u7aef\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u51f8\u663e\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u96c6\u6743\u5c31\u514d\u4e0d\u4e86\u8150\u8d25\u3002\u6734\u6b63\u7199\u603b\u7edf\u672c\u4eba\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e5f\u611f\u53f9\uff1a“\u7531\u4e8e\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6c11\u4e3b\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u516c\u804c\u5e38\u5e38\u7531\u4e8e\u6210\u4e3a\u8c0b\u53d6\u79c1\u5229\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u800c\u906d\u4eb5\u6e0e\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u4e86\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u73b0\u8c61\u5373\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u75c5\u6001\u3002”“\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8150\u8d25\u548c\u6789\u6cd5\u5df2\u6e10\u6e10\u5730\u4fb5\u8680\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5168\u90e8\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u90a3\u4e9b\u6b63\u76f4\u548c\u8bda\u5b9e\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u65e6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u516c\u5171\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f88\u5feb\u5815\u5165\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u884c\u5217\u5e76\u8ffd\u9010\u8d77\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u79c1\u5229\u3002”<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6734\u6b63\u7199\u5229\u7528\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5a01\u5927\u529b\u53cd\u8150\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u5ec9\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6765\u5236\u7ea6\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u53cd\u8150\u6548\u679c\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae\u3002\u5168\u6597\u7115\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\uff0c\u96c6\u6743\u7edf\u6cbb\u6709\u6240\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u8150\u8d25\u73b0\u8c61\u66f4\u662f\u6108\u6f14\u6108\u70c8\u3002\u5168\u6597\u7115\u5bf9\u5176\u4eb2\u5c5e\u5404\u6388\u6743\u67c4\uff0c\u592a\u5b50\u515a\u7acb\u5373\u5927\u53d1\u6a2a\u8d22\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u7ed3\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u8d2a\u6c61\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

\u9664\u4e86\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u906d\u9047\u589e\u957f\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6709\u4e13\u5bb6\u5728\u5206\u6790\u97e9\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u65f6\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5229\u7528\u96c6\u6743\u5b98\u50da\u5236\u67b6\u6784\u63a8\u52a8\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c1a\u5341\u5206\u843d\u540e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7a81\u7834\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002”<\/font><\/p>\r\n

1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8d70\u51fa\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86“\u5e02\u573a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u578b\u7ecf\u6d4e”\u7684\u9053\u8def\u30021990\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd“\u7ecf\u6d4e\u81ea\u7531\u5316”\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\u660e\u663e\u52a0\u5feb\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

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1987\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u5e02\u6c11\u8fd0\u52a8\u6240\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002\u5728\u5e02\u6c11\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6b63\u4e49\u5e02\u6c11\u8054\u76df\u3001\u5ec9\u653f\u4e4b\u773c\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u9009\u4e3e\u5e02\u6c11\u8fd0\u52a8\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u3001\u53c2\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u6c11\u8054\u76df\u4ee5\u53ca\u9752\u5e74\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8054\u76df\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e02\u6c11\u8fd0\u52a8\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e4b\u524d\u66f4\u6ce8\u91cd\u5173\u6ce8\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c11\u8c08\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u5e02\u6c11\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u6c11\u4f17\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f6c\u5411\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8d70\u5411\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\uff0c\u6781\u7aef\u52bf\u529b\u57fa\u672c\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u821e\u53f0\u3002<\/font><\/p>\r\n

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