{"id":37142,"date":"2013-12-23T16:35:00","date_gmt":"2013-12-23T16:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=37142 "},"modified":"2013-12-23T16:35:00","modified_gmt":"2013-12-23T16:35:00","slug":"37142-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=37142","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u5468\u65b0\u95fb\u805a\u7126\uff1a\u53c8\u5230\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u51a5\u8bde\u65e5"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u540d\u7684\u7b11\u8bdd\uff1a\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c“\u4f1f\u5927\u8235\u624b”\u4ece\u68fa\u6750\u4e2d\u9192\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\u62c5\u5fe7\u5730\u95ee\u9053\uff1a“\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f”\u4e00\u540d\u770b\u5b88\u56de\u7b54\u9053\uff0c“\u5728\u6597\u5730\u4e3b”\u3002\u542c\u7f62\uff0c\u6bdb\u53c8\u5b89\u5fc3\u5730\u8eba\u8fdb\u68fa\u6750\u91cc\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u770b\u5b88\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6253\u6251\u514b“\u6597\u5730\u4e3b”\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

“\u4e03\u5206\u529f\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u8fc7”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u6597\u5730\u4e3b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e13\u5bb6\u5a01\u683c\u5c14\uff08Oskar Weggel \uff09\u5728\u4ed6\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd20\u4e16\u7eaa\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u8bc4\u8bba\u9053\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u519c\u6c11\u786e\u5b9e\u7ecf\u53d7\u82e6\u96be\u5e76\u4ece\u5c01\u5efa\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u89e3\u653e\uff0c“\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u65f6\u671f\uff081950\/1951\uff09\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u5ba1\u5224\u548c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5904\u51b3\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u6700\u9ed1\u6697\u7684\u4e00\u8282”\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9ed1\u6697\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e0\u6570\u4eba\u4e27\u751f\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8fd0\u52a8\uff1a\u5728\u5efa\u56fd\u8fd1\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u7684“\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb”\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u9965\u8352\uff0c\u636e\u4f30\u8ba1\u8fd9\u671f\u95f43000\u4e07\u4eba\u4e27\u751f\uff1b1966\u5e74\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u53d1\u52a8\u4e86\u4e3a\u6e05\u9664\u515a\u5185\u5f02\u5df1\u7684“\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d”\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5bfc\u81f4\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3001\u65e0\u6570\u5bb6\u5ead\u88ab\u6bc1\u7684\u4eba\u95f4\u60e8\u5267\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u515a\u653f\u9ad8\u5c42\u4ecd\u7136\u575a\u6301\u63a8\u5d07\u6bdb\uff1a\u6bdb\u5728\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u548c\u89e3\u653e\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8ba9\u4ed6\u52301976\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u90fd\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u5750\u7a33\u4e86\u65e0\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u4e00\u628a\u624b\u4ea4\u6905\u3002\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bdb\u529f\u8fc7\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7“\u4e03\u5206\u529f\u4e09\u5206\u8fc7”\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u65b0\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6bdb\u5d07\u62dc<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u7b2c\u4e94\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e5f\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u6709\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6“\u6bdb\u65f6\u4ee3”\u7684\u610f\u613f\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u5b66\u8005\u7ae0\u7acb\u51e1\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u5fb7\u65b0\u793e\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u5206\u6790\u9053\uff1a“\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u5224\u6bdb\u4f1a\u52a8\u6447\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u6267\u653f\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002”\u800c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u770b\u5230\u4e86 \u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u590d\u5174 .\u5fb7\u56fd\u5f17\u83b1\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u83b1\u745f\uff08Daniel Leese\uff09\u5bf9\u5fb7\u65b0\u793e\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5728\u641e\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u611f\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u9707\u60ca\u3002\u7535\u89c6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73“\u5750\u9547”\u515a\u5458\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e0e\u81ea\u6211\u6279\u8bc4\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\uff0c“\u8fd9\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u9886\u5bfc\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u590d\u8f9f”\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e13\u5bb6\u6d77\u5c14\u66fc\uff08Sebastian Heilmann\uff09\u4e5f\u89c9\u5bdf\u5230\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u56de\u6f6e\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\u8bf4\uff0c“\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u5e0c\u671b\u8d62\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u5de6\u7ffc\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u652f\u6301”\u3002“\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u90e8\u7e41\u8363\u7684\u5e7f\u4e1c\u7701\uff0c\u4e5f\u670938%\u7684\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u503e\u5411\u5de6\u7ffc\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u503e\u5411\u67d0\u79cd”\u6bdb\u60c5\u7ed3“\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u540c\u6837\u6d89\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6562\u5ffd\u89c6\u5b83\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u7075\u611f\uff0c\u5728\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bde\u8fb0\u4e4b\u9645\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9540\u91d1\u9576\u5b9d\u77f3\u7684\u96d5\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u503c\u5f97\u6000\u7591\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u81f3\u5c11\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8de8\u5165\u4e86\u5f53\u4eca\u7684“\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49”\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\uff08VOA\uff0912\u670823\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff1a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bde\u8fb0120\u5468\u5e74 \u4e2d\u56fd\u6380\u8d77\u6bdb\u70ed\u65b0\u9ad8\u6f6e<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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●BBC\u8bba\u575b\uff1a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u4eca\u5929\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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▲BBC: “\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u4eca\u5929\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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BBC\u975e\u5e38\u5ba2\u89c2\u3002 beijing<\/span>
====<\/span>
\u9093\u6c5f\u80e1\u4e60\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u975e\u5e38\u75db\u6068\u8150\u8d25\uff01<\/span>
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\u4ed6\u4eec\u53cd\u8c01\u53bb\uff1f\u8c01\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u53cd\uff1f<\/span>
\u5c31\u9886\u5bfc\u5e72\u90e8\u516c\u5e03\u8d22\u4ea7\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u5c31\u662f\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff01\u6740\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u4e0a\u767e\u4e2a\u8d2a\u5b98\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u6740\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4e2a\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/span>
\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8def\u7ebf\u56fa\u7136\u5bf9\u53cd\u8150\u8d25\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u90a3\u662f\u51e0\u5343\u4e07\u4eba\u5934\u6362\u6765\u7684\uff08\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6253\u5929\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u4e24\u5343\u4e07\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u6d88\u706d\u7684\u65e0 \u6570\u9636\u7ea7\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u6b3e\u5927\u8155\u7b49\uff09\uff01\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\uff0c\u9093\u6c5f\u80e1\u7b49\u6ca1\u80fd\u7528\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8def\u7ebf\u6765\u53cd\u8150\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u60f3\u90fd\u6ca1\u6562\u60f3 \u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u8584\u7199\u6765\u60f3\u8fc7\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u8d21\u732e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5ba3\u4f20\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u5316\u8d77\u5230\u80fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u793e\u4f1a\u5171 \u8bc6\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u653f\u515a\u59cb\u7ec8\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884c\u529b\u7b49\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5ba3\u4f20\u6587\u5316\u80fd\u591f\u5438\u5f15\u5f53\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8d2b\u6c11\uff08\u5f88\u591a\u662f\u6587\u76f2\uff09\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u652f \u6301\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u8f93\u5c31\u8f93\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5ba3\u4f20\u3002<\/span>
\u5f53\u7136\u6bdb\u4e3b\u4e49\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u515a\u5185\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7cbe\u82f1\u4eba\u58eb\u3002<\/span>
\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u5e1d\u738b\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u8ff7\u4fe1\u865a\u65e0\u7f25\u7f08\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u64c5\u957f\u91cd\u5851\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u61c2\u751f\u4ea7\u7ecf\u8425\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49 \u8005\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5efa\u7acb\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u68d2\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u68d2\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\uff09\u3002\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u72af\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u7f6a\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u624b\u4e0a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u5165 \u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u884c\u5217\u3002\u800c\u771f\u6b63\u5efa\u8bbe\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u3002<\/span>
\u5b83\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u7684\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u662f\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u9ad8\u989d\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u3002\u5efa\u8bbe\u66f4\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9700\u8981 \u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u52a0\u900f\u660e\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u5bb9\u7eb3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f02\u89c1\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5408\u7406\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u4eba\u6c11\u8bc9\u6c42\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u4e2d\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u65cf\u7fa4\u548c\u8c10\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u610f\u8bc6\u5efa\u7acb\u5728 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u8ba4\u540c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e0d\u504f\u91cd\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u7e41\u8363\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u7ed9\u5408\u4f5c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5206 \u4eab\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684‘\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5148\u5bcc\u8d77\u6765’\uff08\u6216\u8005\u53eb\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\uff09\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9886\u8896\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u4e13\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u8f9b\u52e4\u52b3 \u52a8\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5f3a\u4e8e\u51e0\u4e2a\u76f8\u4fe1\u9a6c\u5217\u7684\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\uff08\u65af\u5927\u6797\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u91d1\u65e5\u6210\u7b49\uff09\u6240\u4fe1\u5949\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff01\u6700 \u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d2b\u5bcc\u8d8a\u60ac\u6b8a\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8a\u5feb\uff01\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8d2b\u5bcc\u6700\u60ac\u6b8a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00 \uff0c\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d77\u98de!\u4f7f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u6709\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u4f5c\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e00\u591c\u66b4\u5bcc\u7684\u5927\u6b3e \u5927\u8155\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u8d2a\u5b98\uff01\u5927\u6b3e\u5229\u7528\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5927\u8155\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u6280\u4e4b\u957f\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d1\u5bb6\u81f4\u5bcc\u3002\u8d2a\u5b98\u662f\u5229\u7528\u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u529b\u4e3a \u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u4f5c\u6765\u53d1\u5bb6\u81f4\u5bcc\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8d2a\u5a6a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u62fc\u547d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff08\u53ca\u6402\u94b1\uff1f\uff09\u5e26\u52a8\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4f4e\u5c42\u7684\u5e7f\u5927\u767e\u59d3\uff08\u6323\u624e\u5728\u8d2b\u56f0\u7ebf\u4e0a\uff09 \u7684\u73a9\u547d\u594b\u6597\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5148\uff08\u66b4\uff09\u5bcc\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\u7ed3\u679c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d77\u98de\u4f5c \u51fa\u6700\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u8d2a\u5b98\u5360\u5b98\u5458\u603b\u6570\u572850%\u5de6\u53f3\uff01 \u800c\u53e6\u591640%\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u6e05\u5b98\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6e05\u5ec9\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5927\u591a\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u638c\u63e1\u5230\u80fd\u591f\u655b\u8d22\u7684\u5b9e\u6743\uff01\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7126\u88d5\u7984\u5f0f\u7684\u6e05\u5b98\uff08\u6216 \u53eb\u50bb\u5b50\uff09\u53ea\u5360\u5b98\u5458\u4eba\u53e31%\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5386\u4ee3\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u540c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff01<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u662f\u7d27\u5bc6\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u4e2d\u517190\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u53d8\u5316\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5 (1921-1949\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c)<\/span>
\u9769\u547d\u7684\u653f\u515a\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743 = \u6210\u529f!<\/span>
\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e09\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5 (1949-1978\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c)<\/span>
\u9769\u547d\u7684\u653f\u515a\u5efa\u8bbe\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6 = \u5931\u8d25!<\/span>
\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb, \u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u7b49\u7b49, \u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u9971\u53d7\u707e\u96be.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5 (1978-\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u9093\u6c5f\u80e1\u4e60)<\/span>
\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u653f\u515a\u5efa\u8bbe\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6 = \u6210\u529f!<\/span>
\u7ecf\u6d4e\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55, \u8fdb\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u5f3a\u56fd\u884c\u5217.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5728\u6bd2\u5bb3\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u6325\u4e4b\u4e0d\u53bb\u7684\u9b54\u9b3c\u9634\u9b42\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f1f\u4eba,\u4e0d\u8bba\u4e2d\u5916\u4eba\u4eba\u7686\u77e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff01\u6bdb\u4e3b\u4e49\u5a01\u9707\u5168\u5b87,\u72b9\u5982\u4e00\u96f7\u5929\u4e0b\u54cd,\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16 \u754c\u4eba\u6c11\u65e0\u4e0d\u4e89\u76f8\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u9886\u5bfc\u5de5\u519c\u7ea2\u519b\u95f9\u9769\u547d,\u6253\u571f\u8c6a\u6076\u9738,\u5206\u7530\u53c8\u5206\u5730,\u8ba9\u8d2b\u519c\u8fc7\u4e0a\u597d\u65e5\u5b50\u3002\u89e3\u653e\u897f\u85cf\u519c\u5974 ,\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u662f\u5927\u6551\u661f\uff01\u4e09\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71\u538b\u5728\u4eba\u6c11\u5934\u4e0a,\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u628a\u5b83\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86,\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0130\u5e74\u6cb3\u4e1c30\u5e74\u6cb3\u897f,\u53ef\u60dc\u5171 \u4ea7\u515a\u8d70\u9519\u4e86\u65b9\u5411,\u4e22\u4e86\u5bb6\u5f53,\u4e09\u5ea7\u5927\u5c71\u53c8\u56de\u6765\u4e86,\u73b0\u4e0b\u5feb\u5c06\u4ea1\u515a\u4ea1\u56fd\u65f6\u523b,\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5475,\u4eba\u6c11\u60f3\u5ff5\u4f60,\u4f60\u56de\u6765\u5427\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c1934\u5e74\u4e2d\u534e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u6761\u5199\u7740:<\/span>
“…\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf…\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8131\u79bb\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u7acb\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6…\u3002\u8499\u53e4\uff0c\u56de\uff0c\u85cf\uff0c\u82d7\uff0c\u9ece\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e3d\u4eba\u7b49 \uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u57df\u7684…\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd…”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1564116\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u5916\u8499\u53e4\u540e\u6765\u72ec\u7acb<\/span>
\u3002\u3002\u3002<\/span>
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8d77\u6765\u624d\u53ea\u67093514688\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc(\u8fd1100\u4e2a\u53f0\u6e7e)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u548c\u4ed6\u4eca\u5929\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5b59\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u5565\u5f71\u54cd?\u60a8\u8bf4\u5462?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9009\u6c11 \u81ea\u7531\u5e73\u7b49\u535a\u7231<\/span>
 \u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd<\/span>
====<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8fd9\u6070\u6070\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\uff081921-1949\uff09\uff01\u6c11\u65cf\u72ec\u7acb\u662f\u9769\u547d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u6807\uff01<\/span>
\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u5728\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5386\u53f2\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u9a6c\u4e0a\u88ab\u53f6\u5229\u94a6\u53ca\u666e\u4eac\u7b49\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u8d76\u51fa\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u821e\u53f0 \uff01<\/span>
\u4eca\u5929\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5b59\u4eec\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u6c11\u65cf\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u6b63\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u672c\u8d28\uff01\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d77\u98de\u548c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u6839\u672c\u4fdd \u969c\uff01<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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▲\u5f71\u54cd\u5c06\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\u5730\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u52a8\u6447\u7684\u3002\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u6df1\u91cd\u82e6\u96be\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u5fc3\u91cc\u6709\u5982\u660e\u955c \uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u5206\u8fa8\u662f\u975e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6309\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u524d\u8fdb\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u90a3\u4e9b\u8d25\u7c7b\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8d70\u5411\u53ef\u803b\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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▲\u9769\u547d\u8005\u4ece\u4e94\u56db\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5230\u516d\u56db\u7684\u738b\u4e39\u5218\u6653\u6ce2\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u6ee1\u8154\u70ed\u8840\u4e3a\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u6551\u56fd\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u641e\u5f97\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u5417\uff1f\u4e0d \u80fd\u5426\u8ba4\u6c11\u8fd0\u641e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u516d\u56db\u540e\u638c\u4e86\u6743\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u751f\u5b58\u4e0d\u4e86\u51e0\u5929\u3002<\/span>
\u800c\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u848b\u7ecf\u56fd\u5230\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u90fd\u662f\u8981\u53d1\u5c55\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4f7f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bcc\u5f3a\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bcc \u5f3a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u8981\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c11\u4e3b\uff08\u6216\u79f0\u5047\u6c11\u4e3b\uff09\u7684\u5230\u6765\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6c11\u4e3b\u4f5c\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u662f\u848b\u6c0f \u7236\u5b50\u548c\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\uff0c\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u3002\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u72ec\u88c1\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd130\u5e74\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u5927\u5927\u7684\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646 \u4eba\u6c11\u79bb\u6c11\u4e3b\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/span>
\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u5bf9\u848b\u9093\u6c5f\u80e1\u4e60\u7b49\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u606d\u7ef4!<\/span>
\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u5728\u4ece54\u65f6\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u523064\u7684\u738b\u4e39\u5218\u6653\u6ce2\u7b49\u9769\u547d\u8005\u773c\u91cc\u662f\u6700\u5d07\u9ad8\u795e\u5723\u7684\u7684\u6551\u56fd\u7075\u4e39\u5999\u836f!<\/span>
\u800c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5728\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u7684(\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e8b\u4e1a\u8d21\u732e\u6700\u5927\u7684)\u848b\u9093\u6c5f\u80e1\u4e60\u7b49\u7684\u773c\u91cc\u662f\u963b\u788d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6d41\u5f3a\u56fd\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7eca \u811a\u77f3!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c1934\u5e74\u4e2d\u534e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u6761\u5199\u7740:<\/span>
“…\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf…\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8131\u79bb\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u6210\u7acb\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6…\u3002\u8499\u53e4\uff0c\u56de\uff0c\u85cf\uff0c\u82d7\uff0c\u9ece\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e3d\u4eba\u7b49 \uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u57df\u7684…\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd…”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1564116\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u5916\u8499\u53e4\u540e\u6765\u72ec\u7acb<\/span>
170000\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u5510\u52aa\u5c4b\u6881\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u540e\u676590\u5e74\u4ee3\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed9\u4fc4\u56fd<\/span>
3600\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u6c5f\u4e1c\u516d\u5341\u56db\u5c6f\u57281991\u5e74\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed9\u4fc4\u56fd<\/span>
70000\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u6c5f\u5fc3\u5761\u57281960\u5e74\u4ee3\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed9\u7f05\u7538<\/span>
2000\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u514b\u4ec0\u7c73\u5c14\u57281963\u5e74\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed9\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766<\/span>
40000\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u5df4\u8fbe\u514b\u5c71\u8d70\u5eca,\u5728\u5e15\u7c73\u5c14\u9ad8\u539f\u4e4b\u897f\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed9\u82cf\u8054<\/span>
160\u4e07\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u5927\u6c5f\u4e1c\u5317\u57282008\u5e74\u5272\u8ba9\u627f\u8ba4\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed9\u4fc4\u56fd<\/span>
\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u53ef\u4ee5\u57281963\u5e74\u628a\u5e15\u7c73\u5c14\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed9\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57<\/span>
\u534a\u4e2a\u5317\u90e8\u6e7e\u624d\u53ea\u670964700\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u800c\u5df2,2000\u5e74\u4ee3\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ed9\u8d8a\u5357,\u8981\u5408\u4f5c\u561b!<\/span>
\u534a\u4e2a\u9ed1\u778e\u5b50\u5c9b\u6709136\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u592a\u5c0f\u4e862004\u5e74\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u9001\u7ed9\u4fc4\u56fd<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8d77\u6765\u624d\u53ea\u67093514688\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc(\u8fd1100\u4e2a\u53f0\u6e7e)<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u548c\u4ed6\u4eca\u5929\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5b59\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u5565\u5f71\u54cd?\u60a8\u8bf4\u5462?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u4ece1842\u5e74\u82f1\u519b\u8f70\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u903c\u8feb\u6e05\u5ef7\u7b7e\u7f72\u300a\u5357\u4eac\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u770b\u8d77\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6e83\u9003\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7528\u67aa\u6746\u5b50\u5efa\u7acb \u4e86\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5979\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u5a01\u671b\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u5c0a\u4e25\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5ec9\u6d01\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u4fe1\uff0c \u4ed6\u8ba9\u4ebf\u4e07\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u91cd\u53c8\u627e\u56de\u4e86\u4e3b\u4eba\u611f\u3002\u5018\u82e5\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u575a\u6301\u4eba\u4eec\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219 \uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5185\u4e71\u751a\u81f3\u5206\u88c2\uff0c \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲“\u4e2d\u5171\u73b0\u4efb\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5c31\u4efb\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u6765\uff0c\u6574\u6cbb\u515a\u98ce\u3001\u63a8\u884c\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u6279\u8bc4\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03“\u9a6c\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d \u80fd\u4e22\uff0c\u4e22\u4e86\u5c31\u4e27\u5931\u6839\u672c”\u7b49\u7b49”<\/span>
=====<\/span>
1.\u4e60\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\uff01\u4e22\u6389\u4e86\u9a6c\u5217\u4e3b\u4e49\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u7acb\u515a\u7684\u6839\u672c\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u9ad8\u4e3e\u4f1f\u5927\u65d7\u5e1c\uff01<\/span><\/p>\r\n

2.\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u9a6c\u5217\u4e3b\u4e49\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u53bb\uff0c \u5426\u5219\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5343\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u5934\u843d\u5730\uff01<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u65d7\u5e1c\u8981\u9ad8\u9ad8\u4e3e\u3002\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u70b9\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\uff01<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5ec9\u6d01\uff0c\u4ed6\u60f3\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u4e00\u6837\u6253\u57ae\u4e86\u519b\u9600\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6743\u65e0\u6bd4\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e24\u5f39\u4e00\u661f\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5728 \u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u611f\u5230\u9a84\u50b2\u3002\u3002\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u793e\u4ec0\u4e48\u529f\u52b3\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5343\u53e4\u7f6a\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fdd\u80cc\u4eba\u7c7b\u672c\u6027\u53d1\u52a8\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769 \u547d\uff0c3\u5e74\u9965\u8352\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u6bd48\u5e74\u6297\u6218\u8fd8\u8981\u591a\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u8981\u5f97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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▲\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u5f53\u4eca\u4e2d\u56fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u674e\u6566\u767d\uff08Sidney Rittenberg\uff09<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u674e\u6566\u767d\uff08Sidney Rittenberg) 1921\u5e74\u751f\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5357\u5361\u7f57\u6765\u7eb3\u5dde\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u987f<\/span>
\u5728\u5317\u5361\u7f57\u6765\u7eb3\u5dde\u4e3b\u4fee\u54f2\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u671f\u95f4\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a<\/span>
\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u53c2\u519b\uff0c\u5b66\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c1945\u5e74\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd<\/span>
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1949-1955\uff1b1968-1977\u5e74\u4e24\u6b21\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5165\u72f1<\/span>
1980\u5e74\u8fd4\u56de\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u674e\u6566\u767d\u54a8\u8be2\u516c\u53f8<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6211\u60f3\u95ee\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u5bf9\u8584\u7199\u6765\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6709\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u7528\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u4f59\u82f1\u65f6\uff1a1930\u5e74\u751f\u4e8e\u5929\u6d25\uff0c\u7956\u7c4d\u5b89\u5fbd\u6f5c\u5c71\uff0c\u66fe\u5e08\u4ece\u94b1\u7a46\u3001\u6768\u8054\u5347\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u534e\u4eba\u4e16\u754c\u8457\u540d\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u30022006\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u83b7\u6709“\u4eba\u6587\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956”\u4e4b\u79f0\u7684\u514b\u9c81\u683c\u4eba\u6587\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7ec8\u8eab\u6210\u5c31\u5956\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9648\u72ec\u79c0\uff1a\uff081879\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5\uff0d1942\u5e745\u670827\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u5b89\u5fbd\u7701\u6000\u5b81\u53bf\u5341\u91cc\u94fa\uff08\u4eca\u5c5e\u5b89\u5e86\u5e02\uff09\u4eba\u3002\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u65b0\u6587\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5021\u5bfc\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u548c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9ad8\u534e\uff1a\uff081954\u5e74\uff0d2011\u5e7412\u670826\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u6c5f\u82cf\u5357\u4eac\u4eba\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u3002\u5199\u8fc7\u300a\u7ea2\u592a\u9633\u662f\u600e\u6837\u5347\u8d77\u7684\uff1a\u5ef6\u5b89\u6574\u98ce\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u9f9a\u695a\uff1a\uff081901\u5e7411\u6708\uff0d1995\u5e747\u670824\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e7f\u4e1c\u97f6\u5173\u4e50\u660c\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6731\u5fb7\u9f50\u540d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u519c\u7ea2\u519b\u521b\u5efa\u4eba\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5c06\u9886\uff0c\u540e\u6295\u964d\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u5176\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u66fe\u62ab\u9732\u7ea2\u519b\u6b8b\u66b4\u7684\u8083\u53cd\u5185\u60c5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5de6\u821c\u751f\uff1a\uff081893\u5e74\uff0d1969\u5e7410\u670816\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u751f\u4e8e\u957f\u6c99\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77\u9707\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u4e0e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u540c\u9f84\u3001\u540c\u4e61\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4efb\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9752\u5e74\u515a\u4e3b\u8981\u9886\u8896\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5085\u65af\u5e74\uff1a\uff081896\u5e743\u670826\u65e5\uff0d1950\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u5b57\u5b5f\u771f\uff0c\u5c71\u4e1c\u804a\u57ce\u4eba\uff0c\u7956\u7c4d\u6c5f\u897f\u6c38\u4e30\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u4e94\u56db\u8fd0\u52a8\u5b66\u751f\u9886\u8896\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6881\u6f31\u6e9f\uff081893—1988\uff09\u8457\u540d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u3001\u7231\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u56fd\u5b66\u5927\u5e08\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u65b0\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6709“\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u5112\u5bb6”\u4e4b\u79f0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

▲\u82f1\u56fd\u5e7f\u64ad\u516c\u53f8\uff08BBC\uff0912\u670818\u65e5\u91c7\u8bbf\u7ae0\u7acb\u51e1\uff1a \u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u8d1f\u8d44\u4ea7<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u3010\u7f16\u8005\u6309\uff1a12\u670826\u65e5\u662f\u4e2d\u5171\u524d\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bde\u751f120\u5468\u5e74\u7eaa\u5ff5\u65e5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4e2d\u5171\u73b0\u4efb\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5c31\u4efb\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u6765\uff0c\u6574\u6cbb\u515a\u98ce\u3001\u63a8\u884c\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u6279\u8bc4\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03“\u9a6c\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e22\uff0c\u4e22\u4e86\u5c31\u4e27\u5931\u6839\u672c”\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e60\u6267\u653f\u4e2d\u7684\u6bdb\u5143\u7d20\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u56fe\u548c\u5b9e\u8d28\u5219\u5404\u6709\u8bc4\u8bf4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BBC\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51\u7279\u63a8\u51fa\u7cfb\u5217\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u8bc4\u8bba\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5bf9\u4eca\u65e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e43\u81f3\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u3011<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc\u548c\u795e\u5316\u5728\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fbe\u5230\u9876\u5cf0\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u795e\u5316\u548c\u5d07\u62dc\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7136\u800c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u518d\u5ea6\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc9\u6c42\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u88ab\u9ad8\u4e3e\u548c\u9882\u626c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u975e\u529f\u8fc7\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u65e5\u76ca\u6fc0\u70c8\uff0c\u8bba\u6218\u4e0d\u65ad\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bba\u6218\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u7ad9\u5728\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u5de6\u6d3e\u548c\u6240\u8c13\u6bdb\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u7ad9\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u8fb9\uff0c\u89c2\u70b9\u9488\u950b\u76f8\u5bf9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u62e5\u6234\u8005\u79f0\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ee3\u8868\u7740“\u516c\u5e73”\u3001“\u6e05\u5ec9”\uff1b\u800c\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7ed9\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u707e\u96be\u548c\u521b\u75db\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bde\u751f120\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0cBBC\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u4ee3\u8868\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u7ae0\u7acb\u51e1\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e4c\u6709\u4e4b\u4e61\u7f51\u7ad9\u53d1\u8d77\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u97e9\u5fb7\u5f3a\u3002\u540c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bbf\u8c08\u5206\u4e24\u5929\u53d1\u8868\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u767b\u8f7d\u540c\u7ae0\u7acb\u51e1\u5148\u751f\u7684\u8bbf\u8c08\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7ae0\u7acb\u51e1\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u5efa\u56fd\u4f1a\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u7ae0\u4e43\u5668\u4e4b\u5b50\u3002\u7ae0\u7acb\u51e1\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u662f“\u4e94\u6bdb\u516c\u654c\uff0c\u8bf4\u7834\u7687\u5e1d\u65b0\u8863\u8005” .<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4eca\u5e746\u6708\u7ae0\u7acb\u51e1\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f51\u4e0a\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u6295\u7968\u3002\u6295\u7968\u6301\u7eed\u4e864\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u88ab\u5c01\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6295\u7968\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u5929\u4e0b\u5927\u4e71\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u662f\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u660e\u5929\u66f4\u7f8e\u597d\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5728\u53c2\u52a0\u6295\u7968\u768418000\u591a\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u6295\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u6709\u7ea620%\uff0c\u670980%\u5219\u662f\u652f\u6301\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u97e9\u5fb7\u5f3a\u662f\u5317\u4eac\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u975e\u4e3b\u6d41\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5de6\u6d3e\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e4c\u6709\u4e4b\u4e61\u7684\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u97e9\u5fb7\u5f3a\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u754c\u5341\u5206\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1“\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u4e2a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005”\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u97e9\u5fb7\u5f3a\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5927\u6551\u661f\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8bf4“\u6211\u4e0d\u5e78\u751f\u4e8e\u4f1f\u5927\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u957f\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5996\u9b54\u5316\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u9ed1\u767d\u98a0\u5012\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3”\u3002\u4ed6“\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u611f\u5230\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6559\u7684\u624d\u662f\u505a\u4eba\u7684\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6b63\u9053\u3002\u800c‘\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3’\u63d0\u5021\u7684\u5374\u662f\u6b6a\u95e8\u90aa\u9053\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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