{"id":37423,"date":"2014-01-09T05:53:00","date_gmt":"2014-01-09T05:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=37423 "},"modified":"2014-01-09T05:53:00","modified_gmt":"2014-01-09T05:53:00","slug":"37423-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=37423","title":{"rendered":"\u5f20\u535a\u6811\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u8f6c\u578b\u5927\u683c\u5c40\u770b\u897f\u85cf"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u7f16\u8005\u6309\uff1a\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u7ed5\u4e0d\u5f00\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u5f20\u535a\u6811\u5148\u751f\u65b0\u8fd1\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u7531\u9999\u6e2f\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e66\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u672c\u520a\u5f81\u5f97\u4f5c\u8005\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c06\u8be5\u4e66\u6838\u5fc3\u8bba\u70b9\u5148\u884c\u516c\u5e03\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002            
——\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8
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2009\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u7518\u8083\u7b49\u5730\u85cf\u533a\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u751f\u85cf\u4eba\u81ea\u711a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u636e\u6d41\u4ea1\u5728\u5916\u7684\u85cf\u4eba\u884c\u653f\u4e2d\u592e\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u622a\u6b62\u5230<\/span>2013\u5e74<\/span>4\u6708<\/span>24\u65e5\uff0c“\u897f\u85cf\u5404\u5730\u5df2\u53d1\u751f\u4e86<\/span>117\u8d77\u81ea\u711a\u6297\u8bae\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u5883\u5185\u5916\u5171\u53d1\u751f\u4e86<\/span>123\u8d77\u3002\u5176\u4e2d<\/span>103\u4eba\u5df2\u58ee\u70c8\u727a\u7272\u3002”<\/span>[i]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>

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\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56db\u5c42\u8574\u542b<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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\u897f\u85cf\u4e0e\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u56fd<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u4eca\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6001\u52bf\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u53e5\u6982\u62ec\u4e4b\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u3001\u4f46\u53c8\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5185\u90e8\u77db\u76fe\u4e43\u81f3\u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u673a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u8f6c\u578b\u84c4\u52bf\u5f85\u53d1\u5374\u53c8\u56f0\u96be\u91cd\u91cd\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u76f8\u5f53\u9ad8\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002\u4ece\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u770b\uff0c“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u5e76\u975e\u5984\u8a00\uff1a<\/span>2012\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\uff08<\/span>GDP\uff09\u8fbe<\/span>51.9\u4e07\u4ebf\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff0c\u516c\u5171\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\u8fbe<\/span>11.7\u4e07\u4ebf\u5143\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff0c<\/span>[v]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4fdd\u6301\u4e86<\/span>30\u5e74\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6a2a\u5411\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684<\/span>GDP\u603b\u503c\u5728<\/span>2011\u5e74\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u8d38\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u6807\u5c45\u4e16\u754c\u4f4d\u6b21\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb<\/span>30\u5e74\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff1a<\/span>1978\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u8d38\u51fa\u53e3\u6392\u540d\uff0c\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u7b2c<\/span>30\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fdb\u53e3\u6392\u540d\u7b2c<\/span>27\u4f4d\uff1b<\/span>2010\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5df2\u7ecf\u5206\u522b\u53d8\u6210\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u6c47\u50a8\u5907\u5219\u4ece<\/span>1978\u5e74\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c<\/span>38\u4f4d\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002<\/span>[vi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6210\u7ee9\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4e16\u754c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u522e\u76ee\u76f8\u770b\u3002<\/span>1989\u5e74\u516d\u56db\u5929\u5b89\u95e8\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u65ad\u8a00\u4e2d\u5171\u7edf\u6cbb\u7ef4\u6301\u4e0d\u4e86\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5f53\u653f\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u611f\u5230\u5f62\u5982\u5371\u5375\u3002\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9093\u540e\u65f6\u4ee3\u5a01\u6743\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u6574\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6297\u98ce\u9669\u80fd\u529b\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u51fa\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u4f30\u3002<\/strong>\u5b83\u5728<\/span>10\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u529b\u4ea4\u63a5\u4e2d\u5927\u4f53\u6ca1\u51fa\u4e71\u5b50\uff1b\u5b83\u6210\u529f\u5730\u6536\u4e70\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u6280\u672f\u5b98\u50da\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7518\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1b\u5b83\u628a\u91cd\u65b0\u7115\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u529b\u548c“\u96c6\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\u529e\u5927\u4e8b”\u7684\u515a\u56fd“\u4f18\u70b9”\u5de7\u5999\u5730\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6210\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u80cc\u666f\uff1b\u5b83\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u6210\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u5e76\u884c\u4e0d\u6096\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u77db\u76fe\u3001\u4e43\u81f3\u5371\u673a\u56db\u4f0f\u7684\u56fd\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u653f\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u695a\u5728\u8868\u9762\u7e41\u8363\u7684\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u6743\u808c\u4f53\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u808c\u4f53\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u8150\u70c2<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd1<\/span>20\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u573a\u8150\u8d25\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u5b98\u6c11\u77db\u76fe\u51f8\u663e\uff0c\u8d2b\u5bcc\u9e3f\u6c9f\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u6743\u8d35\u96c6\u56e2\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u8d22\u5bcc\u6216\u6c11\u8102\u6c11\u818f\u7684\u5de7\u53d6\u8c6a\u593a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u795e\u4eba\u5171\u6124\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6bcf\u5e74\u4f1a\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>10\u4e07\u8d77\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c<\/span>[vii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4ee5\u81f3\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u628a“\u7ef4\u7a33”\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5934\u7b49\u5927\u4e8b\u6765\u6293\u3002\u4f46\uff0c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u8150\u70c2\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6307\u8d23\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5c06\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u52a8\u6447<\/strong>\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u52a0\u5927\u6253\u51fb\u81ea\u7531\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u5f02\u8bae\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u529b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5168\u529b\u963b\u6b62\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u52a0\u7d27\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8\u4eba\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u529e\u516c\u5385\u8f6c\u53d1\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u9886\u57df\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u901a\u62a5\u300b\uff0c\u5404\u5730\u90fd\u5728“\u8ba4\u771f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u8fc5\u901f\u8d2f\u5f7b\u843d\u5b9e”\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u515a\u56fd\u5f53\u653f\u8005\u5185\u5fc3\u6df1\u5904\u7684\u5371\u673a\u611f<\/strong>\u3002\u6240\u8c13“\u8981\u5e26\u5934\u5f3a\u5316\u56db\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5373\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u5927\u5c40\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u8d23\u4efb\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u5fe7\u60a3\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u8981\u6709\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5e72\u90e8\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u5ff5\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u515a\u6027\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u575a\u5b9a\u7406\u60f3\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5207\u5b9e\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fa8\u522b\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u975e\u7684\u80fd\u529b”\u3002“\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f3a\u5316\u5e72\u90e8\u6559\u80b2\u57f9\u8bad\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f00\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u7406\u60f3\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u515a\u53f2\u515a\u6027\u7b49\u4e13\u9898\u6559\u80b2\u8f85\u5bfc\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u5f15\u5bfc\u5e7f\u5927\u515a\u5458\u5e72\u90e8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\u9053\u8def\u81ea\u4fe1\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u81ea\u4fe1\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002”\u8981“\u4e25\u660e\u653f\u6cbb\u7eaa\u5f8b\uff0c\u65f6\u523b\u4e0e\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u8ba4\u771f\u843d\u5b9e\u8c01\u4e3b\u7ba1\u3001\u8c01\u8d1f\u8d23\u548c\u5c5e\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u9886\u57df\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u590d\u6742\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u8981\u52c7\u4e8e\u62c5\u5f53\uff0c\u6562\u6293\u6562\u7ba1\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u5b88\u571f\u6709\u8d23\u3001\u5b88\u571f\u5c3d\u8d23<\/span>……<\/span>”\u3002<\/span>[viii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u8bf8\u5982\u6b64\u7c7b\uff0c\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e00\u770b\u5c31\u660e\u767d\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u6781\u5ea6\u7f3a\u4e4f\u81ea\u4fe1\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6574\u51fa“\u4e09\u4e2a\u81ea\u4fe1”\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u540d\u5802\u6765\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

 <\/strong><\/p>

\u56de\u5230\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u95ee\uff1a<\/span><\/p>

\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6d53\u91cd\u706b\u836f\u5473\uff0c\u5bf9\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\uff08\u6216\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd“\u5185\u4e71”\u5bfc\u81f4\u897f\u85cf\u8d70\u5411“\u72ec\u7acb”\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ee7\u7eed“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u5bfc\u81f4\u85cf\u533a\u95ee\u9898\u65e0\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

 <\/p>

\u897f\u85cf\u4f1a\u8d70\u5411“\u72ec\u7acb”\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6c49\u65cf\u81ea\u7531\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u8001\u8d44\u683c\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u738b\u529b\u96c4\u5728<\/span>2008\u5e74\u62c9\u8428<\/span>3.14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\u5199\u8fc7\u4e00\u7bc7\u957f\u6587\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\u300b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u897f\u85cf“\u72ec\u7acb”\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u662f\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5177\u6709“\u53cd\u5206\u88c2”\u804c\u80fd\u7684<\/span>24\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e86<\/span>3.14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span> \uff0c\u800c\u523b\u610f“\u9a71\u52a8”\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u5b98\u50da\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u62c9\u8428\u4e8b\u4ef6\u524d\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u76f8\u5f53\u5145\u5206\uff0c“\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u4e00\u6c11\u65cf\u3001\u5355\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5730\u57df\u754c\u9650\u5206\u660e\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u6709\u4f17\u671b\u6240\u5f52\u7684\u9886\u8896\u548c\u8fd0\u8f6c\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u653f\u5e9c……\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7684\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5373\u4f5c\u4e3a\u85cf\u4eba\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5883\u5185\u85cf\u4eba\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8ffd\u6c42\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8db3\u591f\u52a8\u529b\u3002”<\/span>3.14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6070\u6070\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002“\u4e00\u65e6\u5883\u5185\u85cf\u4eba\u666e\u904d\u628a\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u5f53\u4f5c\u613f\u666f\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u539f\u672c\u5177\u5907\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6761\u4ef6\u5c31\u7acb\u523b\u53d8\u5f97\u6709\u6548\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u5c42\u9762\u3002”\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u53ea\u5dee“\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u9879\u6761\u4ef6”\uff0c“\u4e00\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u9762\u63a8\u52a8\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u627f\u8ba4\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5730\u4f4d\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u8eab\u9677\u5165\u52a8\u8361\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u5bf9\u6297\u897f\u65b9\u548c\u9547\u538b\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4f1a“\u9677\u5165\u5185\u4e71”\uff1f\u738b\u529b\u96c4\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f“\u96be\u4ee5\u907f\u514d”\uff1a“\u6309\u7167\u4e2d\u5171\u76ee\u524d\u8fd9\u79cd\u62d2\u7edd\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u79ef\u7d2f\u5404\u79cd\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u9053\u8def\u8d70\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdf\u65e9\u4f1a\u7206\u53d1\u5168\u9762\u5371\u673a\u3002\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6743\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u65e2\u65e0\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8d44\u8baf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u53d8\u5316\u603b\u662f‘\u7a81\u53d8’\u3002\u8bd5\u95ee\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e8b\u5148\u770b\u5230\u5e9e\u7136\u5927\u7269\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u5e1d\u56fd\u4f1a\u57ae\u53f0\u5462\uff1f\u5b83\u5374\u4e00\u591c\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u5206\u5d29\u79bb\u6790\u3002”\u9762\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u738b\u529b\u96c4\u8ba4\u4e3a“\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u95e8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d1e\u5f00\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u5bf9\u5916\u6765\u8d44\u91d1\u3001\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u65e0\u5ea6\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u547d\u8109\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4ea4\u5230\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u9762\u4e34\u5b58\u4ea1\u5371\u673a\u65f6\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u63a5\u53d7\u897f\u65b9\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u62e9\u3002”<\/span>[ix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u738b\u529b\u96c4\u81ea\u6210\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7ed9\u4eba\u6df1\u523b\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u975e\u65e0\u53ef\u6311\u5254\uff1a\u662f\u5426<\/span>24\u4e2a“\u53cd\u5206\u88c2\u90e8\u95e8”\u5784\u65ad\u4e86\u897f\u85cf\u9a9a\u4e71\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u5168\u65e0\u4e2d\u592e\u51b3\u7b56\u5c42\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\uff1f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u50cf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u91cd\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u5883\u5185\u85cf\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u56e0<\/span>3.14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f62\u6210\u666e\u904d\u7684\u3001\u8db3\u591f\u7684“\u72ec\u7acb”\u52a8\u5458\uff1f\u4e5f\u672a\u5fc5\u3002<\/span>2009\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u591a\u8d77\u85cf\u4eba\u81ea\u711a\u56fa\u7136\u662f\u4e8b\u6001\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u7518\u8083\u7b49\u85cf\u533a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u897f\u85cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u7248\u56fe\u5185\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdf\u65e9“\u9677\u5165\u5185\u4e71”\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u8bda\u7136\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u75fc\u75be\uff0c\u662f\u5305\u62ec\u6267\u653f\u8005\u5728\u5185\u90fd\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4e13\u5236\u4f53\u5236\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c“\u9677\u5165\u5185\u4e71”\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed3\u5c40<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u738b\u529b\u96c4\u663e\u7136\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5e94\u53d8\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u9884\u89c1\u5230<\/span>2008\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u9006\u8f6c\uff1a\u4e0e\u7a77\u4e8e\u5e94\u4ed8\u6b27\u503a\u5371\u673a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8870\u9000\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5404\u56fd\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u53cd\u5012\u663e\u5f97\u6c14\u58ee\u5982\u725b\uff0c\u5927\u6709\u8981\u62ef\u6551\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u67b6\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u5047\u8bbe\u67d0\u4e00\u5929\u4e2d\u56fd\u771f\u7684\u7531\u4e8e\u4e13\u5236\u4f53\u5236\u5d29\u584c\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u5931\u63a7\u800c\u9677\u5165\u5185\u4e71\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u5c31\u80fd\u8d70\u5411\u72ec\u7acb\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u8868\u793a\u6000\u7591\u3002\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u8c01\u4e0a\u53f0\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u8840\u8165\u7684\uff0c\u4e0a\u53f0\u8005\u6216\u4e89\u593a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u9053\u7406\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\u5355\u72ec\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u65b0\u7586\u72ec\u7acb\u751a\u81f3\u5185\u8499\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u638c\u6743\u8005\u90fd\u627f\u62c5\u4e0d\u8d77\u56fd\u571f\u4e22\u5931\u4e00\u534a\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6076\u540d\u3002\u5728\u6700\u597d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a81\u53d1\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u82e5\u679c\u771f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u90a3\u771f\u662f\u8001\u5929\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7737\u987e\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u4e86\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u94c1\u8155\u4eba\u7269\u6216\u52bf\u529b\u501f“\u53cd\u5206\u88c2”\u3001“\u7ef4\u62a4\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u4e00”\u4e3a\u540d\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e25\u5389\u6253\u51fb\u6c11\u65cf\u5206\u79bb\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e25\u5389\u6253\u51fb\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u85cf\u4eba\uff09\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u52aa\u529b\u975e\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u5e2e\u52a9\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u73b0\u5728\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5373\u4e2d\u56fd\u975e\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709“\u9677\u5165\u5185\u4e71”\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ee7\u7eed“\u5d1b\u8d77”\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b——<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u7684\u3001\u5949\u884c\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49”\u662f\u6211\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u7cfb\u6388\u8bfe\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u6307\u81a8\u80c0\u4e2d\u7684\u75c5\u6001\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6c11\u95f4\u5ba3\u6cc4\u53ca\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u8868\u8fbe<\/strong>\u3002\u4ece<\/span>1996\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4e0d\u300b<\/span>[x]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5230<\/span>2009\u5e74\u95ee\u4e16\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u9ad8\u5174\u300b<\/span>[xi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u90fd\u662f\u6b64\u7c7b\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u5c61\u53d7\u5217\u5f3a\u6b3a\u8fb1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u80cc\u666f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3b\u65cb\u5f8b\u662f\u6551\u56fd\u3001\u56fe\u5b58\u3001\u81ea\u5f3a\u3002\u4f46\u8fdb\u5165<\/span>21\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u529b\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c11\u95f4\u5b66\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d8\u5473\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u81a8\u80c0\u4e3a\u75c5\u6001\u7684\u3001\u5bf9\u5916\u793a\u5f3a\u7684\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f3a\u8c03“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684“\u7279\u6b8a\u4f7f\u547d”\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u9886\u822a\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u4e3b\u5bb0\u8005\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u8981\u6210\u4e3a“\u82f1\u96c4\u56fd\u5bb6”\uff0c“\u4e0d\u80fd\u4efb\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ed1\u67b6\u4e16\u754c”\uff1b\u800c\u4e14“\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0d\u663e\u5176\u5927”\uff0c“\u6301\u5251\u7ecf\u5546”\u4e43“\u5d1b\u8d77\u5927\u56fd\u7684\u5236\u80dc\u4e4b\u9053”\uff0c“\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u8981\u8ddf\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u6838\u5fc3\u5229\u76ca\u8d70”\uff0c\u8981\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9“\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u5730\u51b3\u88c2”\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span>[xii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/p>

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6b64\u7c7b\u89c2\u70b9\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5e26\u6709“\u6124\u9752”\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u4eba\u5b66\u8005\u53d7\u5230\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u5883\u6fc0\u53d1\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u5ba3\u6cc4\uff0c<\/span>[xiii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u574a\u95f4\u8bae\u8bba\uff0c\u672c\u4e0d\u8db3\u6302\u9f7f\uff1b\u4f46\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e1c\u897f\u6210\u4e3a“\u4e3b\u65cb\u5f8b”\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u653f\u8005\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u5c06\u5341\u5206\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5371\u9669\u6b63\u5728\u4e34\u8fd1<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u5728\u5b98\u65b9\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e9\u5c31\u6709“\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\u3001\u5bcc\u8d77\u6765\u3001\u5f3a\u8d77\u6765”\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373“\u6211\u4eec\u5531\u7740\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u7ea2\u300b\uff0c\u5f53\u5bb6\u4f5c\u4e3b\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5531\u7740\u300a\u6625\u5929\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u5bcc\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7ee7\u5f80\u5f00\u6765\u7684\u9886\u8def\u4eba\uff0c\u5e26\u9886\u6211\u4eec\u8d70\u8fdb\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3”\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u662f\u6b4c\u9882\u4e2d\u5171\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u3001\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u4e24\u4ee3\u4e2d\u5171\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u7f3a\u4e4f“\u8d70\u8fdb\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3”\u7684\u9b44\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u5b88\u644a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c11\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u4e0d\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5927\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e0a\u53f0\u5373\u5927\u8c08“\u4e2d\u56fd\u68a6”\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a“\u68a6”\u9996\u5148\u662f“\u5f3a\u56fd\u68a6”\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u6709<\/span>GDP\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u5e95\u7684\u3002\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5f53\u7136\u5e76\u975e\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u515a\u56fd\u808c\u4f53\u7684\u91cd\u5ea6\u764c\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u610f\u901a\u8fc7\u542f\u52a8\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u533b\u6cbb\u515a\u56fd\u987d\u75c7\uff0c\u800c\u4ecd\u4ee5\u4fdd\u4f4f“\u7ea2\u8272\u6c5f\u5c71”\u4e3a\u5df1\u4efb\uff08\u8fd9\u5bf9“\u7ea2\u4e8c\u4ee3”\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u65b0\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u6765\u8bf4\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5341\u5206\u81ea\u7136\uff09\uff0c“\u5f3a\u56fd\u68a6”\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u515a\u56fd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u65b0\u62db\u724c\u6216\u65b0\u53d8\u79cd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u53d8\u79cd\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5c06\u662f\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u523b\u610f\u6fc0\u53d1\u767e\u5e74\u6c11\u65cf\u5c48\u8fb1\u79ef\u805a\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u5149\u9c9c\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5728\u5efa\u8bbe\u5f3a\u5927\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001“\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u4f1f\u5927\u590d\u5174”\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u4e0b\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e2d\u5171\u6267\u653f\u7684\u65b0\u652f\u70b9\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u515a\u56fd\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u5347\u7ea7\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u5916\u4ea4\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u79c9\u6301“\u97ec\u5149\u517b\u6666”\u7684\u539f\u6709\u56fd\u7b56\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u5916\u793a\u5f3a\uff0c\u7528\u5484\u5484\u903c\u4eba\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u5916\u4ea4\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5468\u8fb9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u9886\u571f\u3001\u9886\u6d77\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/span>[xiv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u800c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5916\u4ea4\u5c42\u9762\u7684“\u5b9e\u529b\u4e3b\u4e49”\u5bf9\u5916\u653f\u7b56\u53ca\u5176\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u903b\u8f91\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765“\u5927\u56fd\u5d1b\u8d77”\u4e2d\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u9075\u5faa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u5185\u653f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5374\u53cd\u6620\u7740\u7ea2\u8272\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u4f53\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/strong>\u5f88\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u515a\u56fd\u9700\u8981\u501f\u6b64\u51dd\u805a\u6c11\u5fc3\u548c\u6c11\u610f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5de9\u56fa\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u548c\u6267\u653f\u6839\u57fa\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5bf9\u5916\u793a\u5f3a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4f34\u751f\u7269\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u5bf9\u5185“\u5de6”\u8f6c\uff0c<\/strong>\u5728“\u5f3a\u56fd\u68a6”\u3001\u5efa\u8bbe\u5f3a\u5927\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e13\u5236\u4f53\u5236\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u5c06\u906d\u9047\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3001\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4e5f\u66f4\u5c06\u9065\u9065\u65e0\u671f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0a\u91cd\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u6cbb\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6539\u5584\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u7684“\u6c11\u751f”\uff0c\u4f46\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u653e\u5f00\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u7684“\u6c11\u6743”\u3002\u4e89\u53d6\u81ea\u7531\uff08\u4e00\u65b9\uff09\u548c“\u53cd\u5206\u88c2”\uff08\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\uff09\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u4ecd\u5c06\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/strong><\/p>

\u8fd9\u5e45\u56fe\u666f\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u65e0\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u65e0\u89e3\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8fd1\u671f\u5185<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\u771f\u80fd\u6539\u5199\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u6311\u6218\u5f53\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u603b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3001\u534e\u590f\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u575a\u97e7\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u4f50\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u8363\u5e78\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u95ee\u9898\u5316\u89e3\u7684\u4e92\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/p>

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1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u5cf0\u56de\u8def\u8f6c\u548c\u626c\u5e06\u542f\u52a8\u5c06\u4e3a\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u521b\u9020\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b<\/span> <\/p>

2\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684“\u89e3\u51bb”\u548c\u8d70\u5411\u89e3\u51b3\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4f1a\u63a8\u52a8\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb2\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f“\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u5f53\u653f\u8005”\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u5b9e\u65bd\u5baa\u653f\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u6539\u9769\u8005\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\uff08\u6216\u4ed6\u4eec\uff09\u8fd8\u6ca1\u60f3\u597d\u3001\u6216\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u52c7\u6c14\u6539\u3001\u6216\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u60f3\u6539\uff0c“\u89e3\u51bb”\u5219\u65e0\u4ece\u8c08\u8d77\uff0c\u50f5\u5c40\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6253\u5f00\u3002\u6c11\u95f4\u81ea\u7531\u529b\u91cf\u5c06\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u65bd\u538b\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u5b83\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u53c8\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u5927\u6c1b\u56f4\u3001\u5927\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fd8\u539f\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u91cd\u6784\u5386\u53f2\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u60f3\u7b80\u5355\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\u897f\u65b9\u516c\u4f17\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\u9762\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8bef\u533a\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

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\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u5bf9\u6781\u6743\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u538c\u6076\u548c\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f31\u5c0f\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u516c\u4f17\u666e\u904d\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u897f\u85cf\u653f\u7b56\u6301\u8d1f\u9762\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u4eba\u6743\u76d1\u7763\u5bf9\u6539\u5584\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u7eaa\u5f55\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u6e20\u9053\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3001\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u65e2\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6c11\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u3002<\/strong>\u81f3\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u653f\u5ba2\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4eba\u523b\u610f\u5e0c\u671b\u897f\u85cf\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7248\u56fe\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fbe\u5230“\u80a2\u89e3”\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u505a\u6b64\u7c7b\u731c\u6d4b\u3002\u6211\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u672a\u6765\u7740\u773c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u3001\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u66f4\u6709\u5229\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4f53\u5bdf\u3001\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u6df1\u5316\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5316\u89e3\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u73b0\u5b9e\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u7126\u8651\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u5199\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u52a8\u56e0\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u5c0f\u4e66\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5199\u7ed9\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bfb\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5e7f\u5927\u516c\u4f17\u548c\u5883\u5185\u5916\u7684\u85cf\u4eba\u6297\u8bae\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5bf9\u6c49\u85cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u52a9\u76ca\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672c\u4e66\u4eca\u540e\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u897f\u65b9\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u5206\u4eab\u5b83\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

\u6211\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u79c9\u627f\u5b66\u672f\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u5ba2\u89c2\u3001\u6c42\u771f\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u7136\u8981\u6279\u8bc4\u7ea2\u8272\u4e13\u5236\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u9738\u9053\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5236\u5ea6\u7ed9\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u82e6\u96be\u7ed9\u51fa\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u63ed\u793a\u3001\u505a\u51fa\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u3002\u4f46\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u4e13\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5426\u5b9a\u4e2d\u5171\u505a\u8fc7\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u628a\u8fc7\u53bb\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u653e\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u6765\u8003\u5bdf\u3001\u6765\u628a\u63e1\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3<\/span>1950\u5e74\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u8fdb\u519b\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e2d\u5171\u85cf\u533a“\u6c11\u4e3b\u6539\u9769”\u7684\u521d\u8877\u548c\u5b83\u6240\u62db\u81f4\u7684\u707e\u96be\u6027\u540e\u679c\u95f4\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u53cd\u5dee\uff1f\u8fd9\u91cc\u5305\u542b\u7740\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5f20\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u975e\u9ed1\u5373\u767d\u52a0\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u4f5c\u8005\u6df1\u5207\u540c\u60c5\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u906d\u9047\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c49\u65cf\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u5411\u85cf\u4eba\u670b\u53cb\u8868\u8fbe\u6127\u759a\u4e4b\u60c5\uff1b\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u9053\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u6001\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u7ad9\u5728\u85cf\u4eba\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u85cf\u4eba\u670b\u53cb\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u3001\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\u4e0d\u751a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u5f52\u6839\u7ed3\u5e95\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u800c\u6c49\u85cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u95f4\u771f\u8bda\u6c9f\u901a\u3001\u5766\u7387\u5730\u4ea4\u6362\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u5e94\u505a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6211\u672c\u4eba\u5e76\u975e\u85cf\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u3001\u5bf9\u6c49\u85cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u5747\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u660e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u671f\u76fc\uff0c\u624d\u5199\u4e0b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u80fd\u629b\u7816\u5f15\u7389\uff0c\u4e3a\u6709\u5173\u8bdd\u9898\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u8ba8\u8bba\u8d21\u732e\u7ef5\u8584\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u8bdd\u9898\u8c08\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/p>


[i]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u89c1\u85cf\u4eba\u884c\u653f\u4e2d\u592e\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\uff08<\/span>http:\/\/xizang-zhiye.org\/\uff09<\/span>2013\u5e74<\/span>4\u6708<\/span>25\u65e5\u520a\u8f7d\u6587\u7ae0“<\/span>24\u65e5\u897f\u85cf\u53c8\u767c\u751f\u5169\u8d77\u81ea\u711a\u6297\u8b70\u4e8b\u4ef6”\u3002\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u7684“\u897f\u85cf”\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6307\u4e2d\u56fd\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u5185\u5206\u5c5e\u4e8e\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u9752\u6d77\u3001\u7518\u8083\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u7684\u6240\u6709\u85cf\u4eba\u4f20\u7edf\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[ii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6307\u8d23\u7531\u897f\u85cf\u6d41\u4ea1\u653f\u5e9c\u53f8\u653f\u6d1b\u6851\u68ee\u683c\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u89c1\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3<\/span>2013\u5e74<\/span>5\u6708<\/span>13\u65e5\u62a5\u9053“\u6d1b\u6851\u68ee\u683c\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u9ad8\u538b\u653f\u7b56\u81f4\u85cf\u4eba\u81ea\u711a”\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[iii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5173\u4e8e“\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63d0\u6cd5\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5b66\u8005\u65f6\u6709\u8bae\u8bba\u3001\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u4ec5\u5728\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c49\u65cf\u4eba\u53e3\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u7684<\/span>90%\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u9664\u6c49\u65cf\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u5747\u4e3a“\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf”\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[iv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u8001\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u4f55\u65b9\u66fe\u64b0\u6587\u4e13\u95e8\u5206\u6790\u8fc7“\u515a\u7ba1\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u6c49\u4eba\u5f53\u653f”\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u89c1\u4ed6\u7684“\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u533a\u57df\u81ea\u6cbb\uff1a\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u521d\u671f\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u62e8\u4e71\u53cd\u6b63”\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u8f7d\u5f20\u535a\u6811\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\uff1a<\/span>12\u4f4d\u8001\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u300b\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u6668\u949f\u4e66\u5c40<\/span>2009\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u9875<\/span>57~79\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[v]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5f15\u81ea\u65b0\u534e\u793e<\/span>2013\u5e74<\/span>3\u6708<\/span>18\u65e5\u53d1\u5e03\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u603b\u7406\u6e29\u5bb6\u5b9d\u5728\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u5c4a\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u6240\u505a\u7684\u300a\u653f\u5e9c\u5de5\u4f5c\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[vi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4ee5\u4e0a\u6570\u5b57\u5f15\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[vii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4ece\u4e0d\u53d1\u5e03\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u636e\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u6709\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff0c<\/span>1993\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u8fd8\u4e0d\u8db3<\/span>1\u4e07\u8d77\uff0c\u5230<\/span>2006\u5e74\u5df2\u8d85\u8fc7<\/span>9\u4e07\u8d77\uff08\u5218\u80fd\uff1a“\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6”\uff0c\u5171\u8bc6\u7f51<\/span>2011\u5e74<\/span>9\u6708<\/span>29\u65e5\u520a\u53d1\uff09\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u968f\u7740\u56e0\u5f81\u5730\u62c6\u8fc1\u3001\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u5b98\u6c11\u77db\u76fe\u66f4\u52a0\u9891\u53d1\uff0c<\/span>9\u4e07\u8d77\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u80af\u5b9a\u65e9\u5df2\u8d85\u8fc7\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[viii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5f15\u81ea\u300a\u8fbd\u6e90\u65e5\u62a5\u300b<\/span>2013\u5e74<\/span>5\u6708<\/span>10\u65e5\u5934\u7248\u62a5\u9053“\u5e02\u59d4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90e8\u8fc5\u901f\u8d2f\u5f7b\u843d\u5b9e\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u9886\u57df\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u901a\u62a5\u300b”\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u591a\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u4f20\u8fbe\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u516c\u5f00\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u5730\u65b9\u62a5\u7eb8\u65e0\u610f\u4e2d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u6345\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u88ab\u7f51\u6c11\u8fc5\u901f\u6293\u4f4f\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[ix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5f15\u81ea\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f51\u7ad9<\/span>http:\/\/www.minzhuzhongguo.org\/<\/a> 2008\u5e74<\/span>11\u6708\u9996\u53d1\uff1a\u738b\u529b\u96c4“\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe”\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[x]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4e0d——\u51b7\u6218\u540e\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u60c5\u611f\u6289\u62e9\u300b\uff0c\u5b8b\u5f3a\u3001\u5f20\u85cf\u85cf\u3001\u4e54\u8fb9\u3001\u53e4\u6e05\u751f\u8457\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u5de5\u5546\u8054\u5408\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/span>1996\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[xi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u9ad8\u5174——\u5927\u65f6\u4ee3\u3001\u5927\u76ee\u6807\u53ca\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5fe7\u5916\u60a3\u300b\uff0c\u5b8b\u6653\u519b\u3001\u738b\u5c0f\u4e1c\u3001\u9ec4\u7eaa\u82cf\u3001\u5b8b\u5f3a\u3001\u5218\u4ef0\u8457\uff0c\u6c5f\u82cf\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/span>2009\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[xii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4ee5\u4e0a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5747\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u9ad8\u5174\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[xiii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4e0d\u300b\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u548c<\/span>1996\u5e74\u53f0\u6d77\u5371\u673a\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u662f\u5e74\u53f0\u6e7e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u603b\u7edf\u76f4\u9009\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5411\u53f0\u6e7e\u5468\u56f4\u6d77\u57df\u53d1\u5c04\u5bfc\u5f39\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5219\u6d3e\u9063\u822a\u6bcd\u6218\u6597\u7fa4\u8fdb\u5165\u53f0\u6e7e\u6d77\u57df\u3002\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u9ad8\u5174\u300b\u7684\u95ee\u4e16\u5219\u53d7\u5230<\/span>2008\u5e74<\/span>3.14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\u5965\u8fd0\u706b\u70ac\u4f20\u9012\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u53d7\u963b\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u9042\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u95f4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u60c5\u7eea\u9ad8\u6da8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[xiv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u6700\u8fd1\u4e2d\u65e5\u4e4b\u95f4\u56f4\u7ed5\u9493\u9c7c\u5c9b\u3001\u4e2d\u8d8a\u53ca\u4e2d\u83f2\u4e4b\u95f4\u56f4\u7ed5\u5357\u6d77\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c9b\u5c7f\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

[xv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u6211\u628a\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5305\u62ec\u6c49\u65cf\u548c\u5404\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u5408\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd1\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u8f6c\u6362\u4e2d\u51e0\u4ee3\u4ec1\u4eba\u5fd7\u58eb\u5bfb\u6c42\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6574\u5408\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ece\u957f\u8fdc\u770b“\u72ec\u7acb”\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u6574\u4f53\u3001\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5404\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u540e\u6587\u8fd8\u5c06\u505a\u4e13\u95e8\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8bf7\u8bfb\u8005\u7279\u522b\u53c2\u8003\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u8282“\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6839\u672c\u9014\u5f84”\u548c\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u8282“\u5173\u4e8e\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743”\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/div>

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