{"id":37889,"date":"2014-02-02T05:12:00","date_gmt":"2014-02-02T05:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=37889 "},"modified":"2014-02-02T05:12:00","modified_gmt":"2014-02-02T05:12:00","slug":"37889-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=37889","title":{"rendered":"\u5f20\u535a\u6811\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u56db\uff09\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u201c\u6c11\u56fd\u201d\u5230\u201c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\uff1a\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u7f16\u8005\u6309\uff1a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u7ed5\u4e0d\u5f00\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u5f20\u535a\u6811\u5148\u751f\u65b0\u8fd1\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u7531\u9999\u6e2f\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e66\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u672c\u520a\u5f81\u5f97\u4f5c\u8005\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c06\u8be5\u4e66\u6838\u5fc3\u8bba\u70b9\u5148\u884c\u516c\u5e03\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"text-indent:3.5in; line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\">&#8212;&#8212;\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8<\/span><\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u56f4\u7ed5\u897f\u85cf&#8220;\u4e3b\u6743&#8221;\u7684\u535a\u5f08<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u786e\u5b9e\u60f3&#8220;\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5728\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7684\u9080\u8bf7\u540e\u5ba3\u79f0\u85cf\u4eba&#8220;\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u536b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6&#8221;\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[i]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\"> \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u65f6\u7b97\u8d77\u76f4\u52301951\u5e74\u300a\u5341\u4e03\u6761\u534f\u8bae\u300b\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7&#8220;\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u5462\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u897f\u85cf\u786e\u66fe\u62e5\u6709\u8fc7&#8220;\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5c31<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1912\u5e74\u52301949\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u867d\u4e00\u76f4\u575a\u6301\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u62e5\u6709\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fc7<strong>\u6709\u6548\u7684\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u8f96<\/strong>\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bf4\u897f\u85cf\u5904\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684&#8220;\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd&#8220;\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\u4ece\u672a\u83b7\u5f97\u6c11\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4ea6\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u53c8\u4f7f\u5f97\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd&#8220;\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u5177\u5907<strong>\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5<\/strong>\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u6548\u529b\u3002<a href=\"#_edn2\" name=\"_ednref2\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[ii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5386\u53f2<strong>\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\">20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u897f\u85cf&#8220;\u4e3b\u6743&#8221;\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6743\u3001\u85cf\u4eba\u653f\u6743\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u56fd\u9645\u52bf\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u89d2\u9010\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd<strong>\u4e92\u52a8<\/strong>\u590d\u6742\u800c\u6df1\u523b\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u53ec\u5f00\u4e8e<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1913\u5e7410\u6708-1914\u5e74 7\u6708\u7684\u897f\u59c6\u62c9\u4f1a\u8bae\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u540d\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5178\u578b\u5730\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u521a\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\u897f\u85cf&#8220;\u4e3b\u6743&#8221;\u95ee\u9898\u5177\u6709\u7684\u7126\u707c\u548c\u7f20\u7ed5\u6027\u8d28<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u3002\u4f1a\u8bae\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u5728\u5eb7\u533a\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u90fd\u7763\u5949\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u5927\u603b\u7edf\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u7535\u4ee4\u6d3e\u519b\u961f\u5165\u85cf\u4ee5\u843d\u5b9e\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u906d\u9047\u85cf\u519b\u5f3a\u70c8\u62b5\u6297\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u8fdb\u5165\u536b\u85cf\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u653f\u5e9c\u6025\u4e8e\u83b7\u5f97\u82f1\u56fd\u627f\u8ba4\u5e76\u4e89\u53d6\u8d37\u6b3e\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u8881\u653f\u5e9c\u540c\u610f\u53c2\u52a0\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u897f\u59c6\u62c9\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u82f1\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u85cf\u4e09\u65b9\u8c08\u5224\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u4f1a\u8bae\u662f\u7531\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u3002\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f26\u94a6\u590f\u672d\u548c\u8881\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee3\u8868\u3001\u897f\u85cf\u5ba3\u629a\u4f7f\u9648\u8d3b\u8303\u4e00\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u622a\u7136\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u5676\u53a6\u65b9\u9762\u91cd\u7533\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4f9b\u65bd\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u4e0e\u519b\u961f\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u72af\u4e0b\u7684&#8220;\u6ed4\u5929\u7f6a\u884c&#8221;\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u5df2&#8220;\u5f7b\u5e95\u7edd\u671b&#8221;\u3002\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u662f\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u9752\u6d77\u3001\u7518\u8083\u3001\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u7684\u6240\u6709\u85cf\u6c11\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u5747\u5212\u5165\u4e2d\u85cf\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u4e00\u4fa7\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u548c\u519b\u961f\u9a7b\u5728\u897f\u85cf <\/span><a href=\"#_edn3\" name=\"_ednref3\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[iii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8d54\u507f\u7ed9\u897f\u85cf\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8d22\u4ea7\u635f\u5931\u3002\u800c\u8881\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u662f\uff1a\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u573a\u5408\u6240\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u9886\u571f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u5e94\u5f53\u53d7\u5230\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\uff1b\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u6709\u6743\u6d3e\u516c\u4f7f\u5e38\u9a7b\u62c9\u8428\uff0c\u540c\u6e05\u671d\u7684\u9a7b\u85cf\u5927\u81e3\u4e00\u6837\uff1b\u897f\u85cf\u5728\u5916\u4ea4\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u5747\u987b\u542c\u53d7\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6307\u793a\u800c\u540e\u884c\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn4\" name=\"_ednref4\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[iv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7acb\u573a\uff1f\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u5bf9\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5230\u4f4d\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u90e8\u5206\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u591a\u6570\u5229\u76ca\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5927\u82f1\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a&#8220;\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u652f\u6301\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u59a8\u788d\u82f1\u56fd\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4fc4\u56fd\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u897f\u85cf\u4e5f\u53ef\u540c\u4fc4\u56fd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u540c\u76df\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5174\u8da3\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u628a\u897f\u85cf\u5f53\u6210\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u6765\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u9650\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u5176\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6b27\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4fbf\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684&#8220;\u897f\u59c6\u62c9\u5730\u4f4d&#8221;\uff1a\u897f\u85cf\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u5728\u5927\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u76d1\u62a4\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u3001\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u3001\u62e5\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u81ea\u6cbb\u6743\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[v]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\u4e0e\u540c\u671f\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u5904\u7406\u8499\u53e4\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5f53\u8499\u53e4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8981\u6c42\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd&#8220;\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\u800c\u5411\u4fc4\u56fd\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\u65f6\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u8d5e\u6210\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e3a\u4fc4\u56fd\u635e\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn6\" name=\"_ednref6\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[vi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u4fc4\u56fd\u66fe\u5728<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1907\u5e74\u7b7e\u7f72\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u627f\u8bfa\u53cc\u65b9\u5747\u4e0d\u67d3\u6307\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u800c\u5949\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u5b97\u4e3b\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u6240\u8bf4\u5927\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\u652f\u6301\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb&#8220;\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u59a8\u788d\u82f1\u56fd\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4fc4\u56fd\u6253\u4ea4\u9053&#8221;\u7684\u7f18\u7531\u6240\u5728\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6298\u4e2d\u65b9\u6848\u662f\uff1a\u533a\u5206&#8220;\u5185\u85cf&#8221;\uff08\u9752\u3001\u7518\u3001\u5ddd\u3001\u6ec7\u4e4b\u85cf\u533a\uff09\u3001&#8220;\u5916\u85cf&#8221;\uff08\u897f\u85cf\u548c\u897f\u5eb7\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7ba1\u8f96&#8220;\u5185\u85cf&#8221;\u800c\u627f\u8ba4&#8220;\u5916\u85cf&#8221;&#8220;\u81ea\u6cbb&#8221;\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u5728\u7528&#8220;\u5b97\u4e3b\u6743&#8221;\u66ff\u6362&#8220;\u4e3b\u6743&#8221;\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u4f46\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u79c1\u4e0b\u8fd8\u4e0e\u85cf\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u8fbe\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5546\u8d38\u534f\u5b9a\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u82f1\u4eba\u5728\u85cf\u533a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5546\u8d38\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u7279\u6743\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5177\u6839\u672c\u6027\u5e76\u9020\u6210\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u5370\u85cf\u8fb9\u754c\u4ece\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5c71\u811a\u4e0b\u79fb\u5230\u5c71\u9876\uff0c9\u4e07\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u3001\u5bcc\u542b\u9ad8\u5c71\u690d\u88ab\u3001\u4e30\u9976\u80a5\u6c83\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7247\u5730\u533a\u88ab\u5212\u6210\u82f1\u5c5e\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u9886\u571f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u719f\u77e5\u7684&#8220;\u9ea6\u514b\u9a6c\u6d2a\u7ebf&#8221;\u3002\u4e2d\u5370\u4e4b\u95f41962\u5e74\u7206\u53d1\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u547c\u5401\u5bf9\u8bdd<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5317\u4f10\u7ed3\u675f\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1928\u5e74\u8bbe\u7acb\u8499\u85cf\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5317\u6d0b\u653f\u5e9c\u66fe\u4e8e1912\u5e74\u8bbe\u8499\u85cf\u4e8b\u52a1\u5c40\uff0c\u540e\u6539\u8499\u85cf\u9662\uff09\u30021929\u5e74\u5e95\u52301930\u5e74\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5317\u4eac\u96cd\u548c\u5bab\u7684\u85cf\u65cf\u50e7\u4eba\u8d21\u89c9\u4ef2\u5c3c\uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u548c\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u521d\u6b65\u63a5\u89e6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u85cf\u65cf\u8840\u7edf\u3001\u5728\u8499\u85cf\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u505a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u59d1\u5a18\u53d7\u848b\u59d4\u6258\u524d\u5f80\u62c9\u8428\u4e0e\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u4f1a\u9762\u7684\u4f20\u5947\u6545\u4e8b\u4e5f\u6784\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002<a href=\"#_edn7\" name=\"_ednref7\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[vii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u636e\u8f7d\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c1930\u5e741\u670816\u65e5\u901a\u8fc7\u96cd\u548c\u5bab\u50e7\u4eba\u8f6c\u4ea4\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u4fe1\u4e2d\u547c\u5401\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a&#8220;\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u6c49\u85cf\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u826f\u597d\u65f6\u673a&#8221;\u3002\u8be5\u4fe1\u63d0\u51fa8\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bae\u9898\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8fd98\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">1\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u897f\u85cf\u540c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u600e\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6062\u590d\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">2\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5982\u4f55\u884c\u4f7f\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u8f96\u4e3a\u5b9c\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">3\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u600e\u6837\u5b9e\u884c\u897f\u85cf\u81ea\u6cbb\uff1f\u5176\u81ea\u6cbb\u6743\u5982\u4f55\u9650\u5236\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">4\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u548c\u73ed\u7985\u5587\u561b\u662f\u5426\u6253\u7b97\u52a0\u5165\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">5\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u662f\u5426\u7ef4\u6301\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u548c\u73ed\u7985\u5587\u561b\u76f8\u4e92\u95f4\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u5730\u4f4d\u53ca\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">6\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u8fbe\u8d56\u5c06\u600e\u6837\u6b22\u8fce\u73ed\u7985\u8fd4\u85cf\uff1f\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5982\u4f55\u62a4\u9001\u4e3a\u5b9c\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">7\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u662f\u5426\u613f\u610f\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u90fd\u8bbe\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u52a0\u5f3a\u8054\u7cfb\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">8\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u897f\u85cf\u5bf9\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u4f55\u522b\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff1f<\/span><a href=\"#_edn8\" name=\"_ednref8\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[viii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u85cf\u4eba\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u590d\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c <\/span><a href=\"#_edn9\" name=\"_ednref9\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[ix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\"> \u4ecd\u65e7\u50cf\u4ece\u524d\u90a3\u6837\u771f\u8bda\u5584\u610f\u5730\u5bf9\u5f85\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u53cb\u597d\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u6307\u4f9b\u65bd\u5173\u7cfb\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u85cf\u4eba\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6539\u5584\u5173\u7cfb\u800c\u52aa\u529b\uff1b\u5e0c\u671b\u5f52\u8fd8\u539f\u672c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u897f\u85cf\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u5374\u4e0d\u5f52\u5176\u7ba1\u8f96\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\uff1b\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u4e0d\u5b9c\u52a0\u5165\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff1b\u897f\u85cf\u4e0d\u6b22\u8fce\u73ed\u7985\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4ed6\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51fa\u9003\u7ed9\u51fa\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1b\u8bf4\u5230\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u671f\u671b\u662f\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u897f\u85cf\u906d\u5230\u4fb5\u7565\u3002<a href=\"#_edn10\" name=\"_ednref10\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[x]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5341\u5206\u8001\u9053\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6b64\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u663e\u5f97\u719f\u7ec3\u800c\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59\uff0c\u65e2\u8bf4\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u597d\u542c\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0d\u4f4e\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u95e8\u69db\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e3a\u5df1\u65b9\u4e89\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002<strong>\u503c\u5f97\u4eca\u4eba\u9a7b\u8db3\u6c89\u601d\u7684\u53cd\u5012\u662f\u5f53\u5e74\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e2d\u539f\u4e71\u5c40\u5c1a\u672a\u7406\u6e05\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u5a01\u80c1\u4ea6\u5728\u52a0\u91cd\u4e4b\u65f6\u4e0d\u5fd8\u897f\u90e8\u8fb9\u9672\u7684\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e14&#8220;\u5c48\u5c0a&#8221;\u5217\u51fa\u516b\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u8bf7\u85cf\u4eba\u56de\u7b54\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u848b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u521a\u521a\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u9886\u8896\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u6218\u7565\u773c\u5149\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u848b<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1949\u5e74\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u8d25\u8d70\u53f0\u6e7e\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u848b\u59d4\u5458\u957f\u786e\u5b9e\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u52aa\u529b\u8bd5\u56fe\u4f7f\u897f\u85cf\u56de\u5230&#8220;\u4e94\u65cf\u5171\u548c&#8221;\u7684\u6000\u62b1\uff0c\u5728\u634d\u536b\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0a\uff0c\u848b\u4ece\u672a\u542b\u7cca\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u505a\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6240\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u5bf9\u65e5\u6297\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u65b0\u53d8\u5316<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1937\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u65e5\u6297\u6218\u5168\u9762\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6687\u897f\u987e\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u85cf\u4eba\u5185\u90e8\u4ea6\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u5706\u5bc2\u540e\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u9752\u6d77\u7701\u5b89\u591a\u5730\u533a\u4e00\u4e2a\u519c\u6c11\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">3\u5c81\u7537\u5b69\u88ab\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7684\u8f6c\u4e16\u7075\u7ae5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1940\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u5750\u5e8a\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4eca\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u4e39\u589e\u5609\u63aa\uff081935-\uff09\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u8499\u85cf\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u957f\u5434\u5fe0\u4fe1\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u9a7b\u9521\u91d1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e13\u5458\u53e4\u5fb7\u76f8\u7ee7\u5230\u62c9\u8428\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7684\u5750\u5e8a\u5178\u793c\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u6444\u653f\u7684\u6613\u4eba\u548c\u5b83\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u5185\u90e8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u52a0\u5267\u3002\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u5706\u5bc2\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u6444\u653f\u662f\u70ed\u632f\u6d3b\u4f5b\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e2d\uff0c\u70ed\u632f\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a&#8220;\u7231\u56fd\u6d3b\u4f5b&#8221;\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u786e\u66fe\u5411\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u8868\u793a\u8fc7\u897f\u85cf\u4e3b\u6743\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\uff1b<\/span><a href=\"#_edn11\" name=\"_ednref11\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\"> \u4f46\u636e\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u70ed\u632f\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5784\u65ad\u4e86\u897f\u85cf\u653f\u6559\u5927\u6743\u3001\u4e14\u70ed\u8877\u4e8e\u4ee5\u6743\u8c0b\u79c1\u7684\u65e0\u803b\u4e4b\u5f92\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u62c5\u4efb\u6444\u653f\u7684\u6570\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u526a\u9664\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u30021940\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u7965\u7684\u68a6\u4e2d\u542f\u793a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u514d\u707e\uff0c\u70ed\u632f\u4e3b\u52a8\u628a\u6444\u653f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8ba9\u7ed9\u4e86\u8fbe\u672d\u6d3b\u4f5b\u3002\u8fbe\u672d\u5f53\u65f6\u662f\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7684\u9996\u5e2d\u7ecf\u5e08\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e74\u903e\u82b1\u7532\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c89\u9ed8\u5be1\u8a00\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4fee\u517b\u3002\u8fbe\u672d\u63a5\u4efb\u6444\u653f\u540e\u8fc5\u901f\u626d\u8f6c\u4e86\u70ed\u632f\u638c\u6743\u671f\u95f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5f87\u79c1\u821e\u5f0a\u98ce\u6c14\uff0c\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u5bf9\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7236\u4eb2\u67d0\u4e9b\u8fdd\u53cd\u4f20\u7edf\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u8425\u79c1\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u516c\u5f00\u5f20\u699c\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u524d\u4efb\u6444\u653f\u70ed\u632f\u548c\u73b0\u4efb\u6444\u653f\u8fbe\u672d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e8c\u4eba\u5f7b\u5e95\u53cd\u76ee\u3002<a href=\"#_edn12\" name=\"_ednref12\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u70ed\u632f\u8bf4\u8fbe\u672d\u662f&#8220;\u4eb2\u82f1\u6d3e&#8221;\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u6ca1\u6709\u51a4\u6789\u4ed6\u3002\u8fbe\u672d\u62c5\u4efb\u6444\u653f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u786e\u5b9e\u53c8\u9010\u6e10\u62c9\u5f00\u4e86\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u66fe\u62d2\u7edd\u8ba1\u5212\u4fee\u7b51\u7684\u4e2d\u5370\u516c\u8def\u7a7f\u8d8a\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e2d\u56fd\u6297\u6218\u7684\u6218\u7565\u8865\u7ed9\u7ebf\u3002\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u901a\u77e5\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e2d\u7acb\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u624d\u52c9\u5f3a\u540c\u610f\u8ba9&#8220;\u975e\u519b\u4e8b\u6027&#8221;\u7269\u8d44\u4ece\u897f\u85cf\u8fc7\u5883\u8fd0\u5f80\u6c49\u5730\uff0c\u4f46\u671f\u9650\u4ec5\u4e3a\u4e00\u5e74\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn13\" name=\"_ednref13\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xiii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\"> \u8fd9\u662f1942\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u513f\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u8bbe\u7acb&#8220;\u5916\u4ea4\u5c40&#8221;\uff0c\u79f0&#8220;\u4f9d\u7167\u897f\u85cf\u6c11\u4f17\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5e76\u62a5\u7ecf\u897f\u85cf\u6444\u653f\u738b\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u5916\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u65b0\u673a\u6784&#8230;&#8230;\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u4e0e\u897f\u85cf\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u5c06\u540c\u8be5\u673a\u6784\u534f\u5546\u89e3\u51b3&#8221;\u3002<a href=\"#_edn14\" name=\"_ednref14\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xiv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3e\u63aa\u81ea\u7136\u4f7f\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u540c\u6b64\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u5e86\u6307\u6325\u6297\u6218\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u518d\u6b21\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><a name=\"_GoBack\"><\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1898-1978\uff09\u662f1944\u5e747\u6708\u5230\u4efb\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u8499\u85cf\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u9a7b\u85cf\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u65b0\u4efb\u5904\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5904\u957f\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5&#8220;\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0&#8221;\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4ed6\u7684\u5230\u4efb\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b0\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u5c65\u804c\u884c\u52a8\u4e5f\u9887\u6709\u53ef\u5708\u53ef\u70b9\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u65e9\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u6e05\u534e\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u540e\u7559\u5b66\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u83b7\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7cbe\u660e\u5e72\u7ec3\uff0c\u5bcc\u4e8e\u8c0b\u7565\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u4efb\u804c\uff0c\u5165\u85cf\u524d\u4efb\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u4f8d\u4ece\u5ba4\u79d8\u4e66\u3002\u6c88\u51fa\u4efb\u9a7b\u85cf\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u5904\u957f\uff0c\u4e43\u7531\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u6d3e\uff0c\u975e\u7ecf\u8499\u85cf\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7504\u9009\u4efb\u547d\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6c88\u6b64\u6b21\u8d74\u85cf\u5c65\u804c\u7684<strong>\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u4e34\u884c\u524d\uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u7279\u53ec\u89c1\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u6df1\u5165\u8c08\u8bdd\u3002\u848b\u5f3a\u8c03\u6b64\u6b21\u5165\u85cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u547d\u91cd\u5927\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6c88\u5728\u4e0d\u5f15\u8d77\u82f1\u5370\u5f53\u5c40\u7591\u8651\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0b\u5217\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">&#9679;&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5ba3\u626c\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u548c\u7edf\u4e00\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u4e2d\u3001\u7f8e\u3001\u82f1\u3001\u82cf\u5df2\u7ed3\u6210\u540c\u76df\uff0c\u6297\u6218\u5fc5\u80dc\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u56db\u5f3a\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u53ef\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5411\u897f\u85cf\u5f53\u5c40\u8bf4\u660e\u848b\u7edf\u4e00\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u575a\u5b9a\u610f\u5fd7\u4e0e\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">&#9679;&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2d\u592e\u5bf9\u85cf\u6c11\u4e00\u8d2f\u7684\u53cb\u5584\u4e0e\u5c0a\u91cd\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u5e94\u5411\u85cf\u4eba\u8bf4\u660e\u82f1\u56fd\u6b63\u53d7\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u56f0\u6270\uff0c\u4eca\u540e\u518d\u65e0\u529b\u63f4\u52a9\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u53ea\u6709\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e0e\u5185\u5730\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u5149\u660e\u7684\u524d\u9014\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">&#9679;&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u8981\u6c42\u897f\u85cf\u5f53\u5c40\u540c\u610f\u5c65\u884c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e2d\u592e\u6d3e\u5458\u52d8\u5bdf\u7684\u5eb7\u85cf\u516c\u8def\u4fee\u7b51\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6218\u4e89\u7ed3\u675f\u5373\u5f00\u5de5\u7b51\u8def\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fc5\u901f\u6539\u53d8\u897f\u85cf\u4e0e\u5185\u5730\u4ea4\u901a\u9694\u7edd\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"margin-left:39.0pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun;\">&#9679;&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5c3d\u529b\u4e3a\u85cf\u80de\u8c0b\u798f\u5229\u3002\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u62c9\u8428\u8bbe\u7acb\u7535\u62a5\u5c40\u3001\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u533b\u9662\u7b49\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u5145\u5b9e\u62c9\u8428\u539f\u6709\u5c0f\u5b66\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u89c4\u6a21\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn15\" name=\"_ednref15\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u679c\u7136\u4e0d\u8fb1\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u5230\u8fbe\u62c9\u8428\u540e\u5f88\u5feb\u6253\u5f00\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u6c88\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u524d\u4efb\u5b54\u5e86\u5b97\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u5fc3\u6001\u548c\u5927\u6c49\u65cf\u6c99\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5bf9\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u5bfa\u9662\u9ad8\u50e7\u5747\u4ee5\u793c\u76f8\u5f85\uff0c\u5c0f\u5fc3\u907f\u514d\u6d89\u53ca\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5e7f\u8bbe\u5e03\u65bd\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u4e0a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e0b\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u666e\u904d\u597d\u611f\u3002\u6c88\u8fd8\u7ecf\u5e38\u5c06\u6e05\u671d\u4e0e\u6c11\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u8bf4\u6e05\u671d\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u653f\u7b56\u4e13\u6a2a\u7c97\u66b4\uff0c\u800c\u6c11\u56fd\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e94\u65cf\u5171\u548c\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u5eb7\u85cf\u8fb9\u754c\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5168\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u65e0\u77e5\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u85cf\u4eba\u540c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u8c08\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u95ee\u9898\u5747\u53ef\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u5c65\u804c\u671f\u95f4\u7684<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1945\u5e748\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u7535\u53f0\u4f20\u6765\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u9a7b\u897f\u85cf\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\u987f\u65f6\u97ad\u70ae\u9f50\u53d1\uff0c\u56fd\u65d7\u5347\u8d77\uff0c\u5728\u62c9\u8428\u7684\u6c49\u56de\u540c\u80de\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u5f7b\u591c\u6e38\u884c\u72c2\u6b22\uff0c\u6b21\u65e5\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u4e3e\u529e\u5e86\u795d\u5bb4\u4f1a\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u50e7\u4fd7\u5404\u754c\u9886\u8896\u6089\u6570\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u58f0\u671b\u5927\u589e\u3002<a href=\"#_edn16\" name=\"_ednref16\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xvi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u800c\u8fbe\u672d\u5f53\u5c40\u9274\u4e8e\u5f62\u52bf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u8003\u8651\u8c03\u6574\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u82f1\u5370\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u85cf\u4eba\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5c06\u8fc5\u901f\u8870\u51cf\uff0c\u66f4\u4f55\u51b5\u5728\u5370\u85cf\u8fb9\u754c\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u540c\u82f1\u5370\u5f53\u5c40\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\uff1b<\/span><a href=\"#_edn17\" name=\"_ednref17\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xvii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\"> \u4f46\u8fbe\u672d\u5f53\u5c40\u4ea6\u4e0d\u60f3\u56e0\u4e3a\u548c\u6c49\u4eba\u653f\u5e9c\u6539\u5584\u5173\u7cfb\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u8fc7\u53bb30\u591a\u5e74\u897f\u85cf\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u85cf\u4eba\u5728\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u65f6\u614e\u4e4b\u53c8\u614e\uff0c\u4e14\u5f80\u5f80\u5145\u6ee1\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u8282\u53e3\uff0c\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u806a\u660e\u667a\u6167\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1945\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u5411\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u8f6c\u4ea4\u4e86\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8bf7\u67ec\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u85cf\u4eba\u6d3e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u51fa\u5e2d\u5c06\u5728\u5185\u5730\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u5236\u5baa\u56fd\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\u3002\u8fbe\u672d\u5f53\u5c40\u53cd\u590d\u6743\u8861\u540e\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ee5&#8220;\u80dc\u5229\u5e86\u8d3a\u4f7f\u56e2&#8221;\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u6d3e\u5458\u524d\u5f80\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\uff0c\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8868\u8fbe\u85cf\u4eba\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7279\u610f\u51c6\u5907\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u5168\u4f53\u50e7\u4fd7\u6c11\u4f17\u4f1a\u8bae\u62a5\u544a\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u65bd\u4e3b\u4e0e\u798f\u7530\uff08\u53d7\u65bd\u8005\uff09\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u76fc\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u7ef4\u6301\uff1b\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u65e5\u540e\u4e5f\u5c06\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff1b\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ee5\u6b66\u529b\u593a\u53d6\u7684\u660e\u663e\u5e26\u6709\u897f\u85cf\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u9886\u571f\u5982\u9752\u6d77\u3001\u897f\u5eb7\u7b49\u5730\uff0c\u5e94\u5f52\u8fd8\u897f\u85cf\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8fdb\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u524d\uff0c\u5e94\u7533\u8bf7\u897f\u85cf\u7b7e\u8bc1\uff1b\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5747\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ecb\u5165\uff1b\u5982\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u56fd\u5165\u4fb5\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u7740\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u4f9b\u65bd\u5173\u7cfb\u7ed9\u4e88\u63f4\u52a9\u548c\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8fbe\u672d\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u6253\u7b97\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u80fd\u5728\u5236\u5baa\u56fd\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\u5f00\u5e55\u524d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\u4e66\u505a\u51fa\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u4f7f\u56e2\u5c31\u8fc5\u901f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u5373\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5458\u800c\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u53c2\u52a0\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u8fbe\u672d\u8fd8\u6307\u793a\u4f7f\u56e2\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u73b0\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u4f4d\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u848b\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u6000\u67d4\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5c31\u4e89\u53d6\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u5ea6\u5e94\u8981\u6c42\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u6cbb\uff1b\u82e5\u72ec\u7acb\u83b7\u51c6\uff0c\u5219\u4e2d\u85cf\u8fb9\u754c\u5212\u5206\u4ee5\u897f\u59c6\u62c9\u6761\u6b3e\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002<a href=\"#_edn18\" name=\"_ednref18\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xviii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u52a8\u5458\u5e76\u79d8\u5bc6\u5b89\u6392\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7684\u54e5\u54e5\u5609\u4e50\u987f\u73e0\u3001\u59d0\u592b\u5e73\u63aa\u624e\u897f\u7ecf\u5370\u5ea6\u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u3002\u6c88\u5168\u7a0b\u966a\u540c\uff0c\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u5bb6\u5c5e\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1946\u5e744\u67087\u65e5\u4ece\u6606\u660e\u98de\u62b5\u5357\u4eac\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u5230\u62c9\u8428\u540e\uff0c\u8fbe\u672d\u5f53\u5c40\u5341\u5206\u9707\u60ca\u3002\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u8bbe\u5bb4\u6b3e\u5f85\u4e86\u5609\u4e50\u987f\u73e0\u3001\u5e73\u63aa\u624e\u897f\u548c\u5168\u4f53\u85cf\u4eba\u4f7f\u56e2\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f7f\u56e2\u5728\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u52a8\u5458\u4e0b\u6700\u7ec8\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ee3\u8868\u8eab\u4efd\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u5236\u5baa\u56fd\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u90a3\u4e2a\u7533\u8bc9\u85cf\u4eba\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u63d0\u4ea4\u5357\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\u540e\u5219\u88ab\u675f\u4e4b\u9ad8\u9601\uff0c\u518d\u65e0\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u85cf\u4eba\u4e89\u53d6\u56fd\u9645\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u53ca\u5176\u632b\u8d25<\/span><\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u8fbe\u672d\u6444\u653f\u53ca\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5e74\u4e2d\u5e76\u672a\u653e\u5f03\u8ba9\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u627f\u8ba4\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a&#8220;\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6&#8221;\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6b64\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5bf9\u85cf\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6446\u8131\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6&#8220;\u4e16\u754c\u4e8b\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a&#8221;\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1946\u5e74\u79cb\u5021\u8bae\u6765\u5e74\u4e3e\u529e\u4e00\u6b21\u534a\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u6cdb\u4e9a\u6d32\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u6536\u5230\u9080\u8bf7\u3002\u85cf\u4eba\u8fc5\u901f\u6293\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e8e1947\u5e743\u6708\u6d3e\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u5728\u88ab\u9080\u8bf7\u4e4b\u5217\uff0c\u5728\u85cf\u4eba\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee3\u8868\u5e73\u8d77\u5e73\u5750\u5730\u51fa\u5e2d\u56fd\u9645\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u52aa\u529b\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4e1c\u9053\u4e3b\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u8ba9\u6b65\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u4f1a\u8bae\u6302\u51fa\u7684\u5de8\u5e45\u4e9a\u6d32\u5730\u56fe\u7684\u7ea0\u6b63\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e45\u5730\u56fe\u539f\u6765\u628a\u897f\u85cf\u6807\u5728\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7248\u56fe\u4ee5\u5916\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u52aa\u529b\u662f\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1948\u5e74\u6d3e\u51fa&#8220;\u897f\u85cf\u5546\u52a1\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2&#8221;\u51fa\u8bbf\u82f1\u3001\u7f8e\u3002\u8303\u666e\u62c9\u8d6b\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03&#8220;\u5546\u52a1\u4ee3\u8868\u4eec\u6301\u897f\u85cf\u653f\u5e9c\u7b7e\u53d1\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u62a4\u7167\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9664\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u3001\u745e\u58eb\u3001\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7b49\u6240\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u514d\u8d39\u7b7e\u8bc1\u6216\u5916\u4ea4\u4eba\u5458\u7b7e\u8bc1\u7b49&#8221;\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8bc1\u660e\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684&#8220;\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e&#8221;\u3002<a href=\"#_edn19\" name=\"_ednref19\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4f46\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1&#8220;\u4ece\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u770b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u8054\u5408\u738b\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u5546\u52a1\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u672c\u8eab\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u643a\u5e26\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u62a4\u7167\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u5c31\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\u897f\u85cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5f53\u5546\u52a1\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u529b\u56fe\u518d\u6b21\u8bc1\u660e\u897f\u85cf\u4eab\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u56fd\u9645\u8eab\u4efd\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u7279\u70b9\u8fd8\u975e\u5e38\u6a21\u7cca\u3002&#8221;<a href=\"#_edn20\" name=\"_ednref20\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xx]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u5370\u5ea6\u5927\u4f7f\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u51fd\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5e0c\u671b\u6d3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u52a1\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f8e\u56fd\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7ed9\u9a7b\u5370\u5ea6\u5927\u4f7f\u7684\u6307\u793a\u662f\uff1a&#8220;\u5e94\u8be5\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u58f0\u79f0\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u62e5\u6709\u5b97\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u4ece\u672a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u58f0\u660e\u63d0\u51fa\u8fc7\u6000\u7591\uff1b\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u793c\u8282\u63a5\u5f85\u9884\u5b9a\u6765\u8bbf\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u8be5\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u6279\u51c6\u3002&#8221;<a href=\"#_edn21\" name=\"_ednref21\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u9996\u5148\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u6c42\u85cf\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u56fd\u62a4\u7167\u51fa\u8bbf\uff0c\u5e76\u613f\u610f\u63d0\u4f9b\u65c5\u8d39\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u4eec\u51fa\u5e2d\u6b63\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u884c\u5baa\u56fd\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e0a\u6b21&#8220;\u88ab\u9a97&#8221;\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u62d2\u7edd\u51fa\u5e2d\u3002\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u6700\u7ec8\u501f\u9053\u9999\u6e2f\u5e76\u6301\u897f\u85cf\u62a4\u7167\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u7acb\u523b\u5411\u7f8e\u56fd\u63d0\u51fa\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u7f8e\u5927\u4f7f\u987e\u7ef4\u94a7\u4ea6\u5411\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\u9012\u4ea4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff0c\u79f0&#8220;\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206&#8221;\uff0c&#8220;\u897f\u85cf\u5f53\u5c40\u65e0\u6743\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u540c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u6253\u4ea4\u9053&#8221;\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u9a6c\u4e0a\u6253\u4e86\u9000\u5802\u9f13\uff0c\u8d76\u7d27\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u89e3\u91ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5236\u5b9a\u65b0\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f&#8220;\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f&#8221;\u5730\u4f1a\u6664\u4e86\u897f\u85cf\u5546\u52a1\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\uff0c\u800c\u85cf\u4eba\u60f3\u89c1\u7684\u672c\u6765\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u675c\u9c81\u95e8\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn22\" name=\"_ednref22\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\"> \u540c\u6837\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u5728\u85cf\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u968f\u540e\u8bbf\u95ee\u82f1\u56fd\u65f6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u91cd\u6f14\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u6bd4\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7565\u5f3a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u5546\u52a1\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u62dc\u4f1a\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u9996\u76f8\u3002\u4f46\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u540c\u6837\u62d2\u7edd\u628a\u897f\u85cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b9e\u4f53\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u3002<a href=\"#_edn23\" name=\"_ednref23\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxiii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u8bf4\u6765\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u4e9a\u6d32\u821e\u53f0\u64a4\u51fa\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5207\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u9700\u8981\u6216\u52a8\u673a\u53bb\u4e3a\u4e86\u897f\u85cf\u800c\u5f97\u7f6a\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5c31\u5728\u85cf\u4eba\u5fd9\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u83b7\u5f97\u56fd\u9645\u627f\u8ba4\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\u6839\u672c\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1948\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u660e\u663e\u4ece\u6218\u7565\u9632\u5fa1\u8f6c\u5165\u6218\u7565\u53cd\u653b\u3002\u4e1c\u5317\u3001\u534e\u5317\u3001\u5f90\u868c\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u519b\u961f\u8fde\u8fde\u5931\u5229\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u6218\u683c\u5c40\u5b8c\u5168\u9006\u8f6c\u30021949\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7a81\u7834\u957f\u6c5f\u5929\u5811\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u519b\u4e8b\u9632\u7ebf\uff0c\u76f4\u6363\u5357\u4eac\u3002\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5927\u52bf\u5df2\u53bb\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u5230\u62c9\u8428\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u65e2\u5fe7\u8651\u4e14\u60ca\u6050\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u662f\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u8005\uff0c\u62c5\u5fc3\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u8981\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e0b\u4ee4\u5173\u95ed\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u9a7b\u897f\u85cf\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\uff0c\u5176\u5b98\u5458\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u9010\u51fa\u897f\u85cf\uff08\u53f2\u79f0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21&#8220;\u9a71\u6c49&#8221;\uff09\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u5411\u82f1\u3001\u7f8e\u6c42\u63f4\uff0c\u5e76\u62df\u5411\u4e24\u56fd\u6d3e\u51fa\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6c42\u63f4\u4f7f\u56e2\u3002\u4f46\u82f1\u7f8e\u4e24\u56fd\u5747\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u6d3e\u4f7f\u56e2\u524d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f&#8220;\u897f\u85cf\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u6d3e\u9063\u4f7f\u56e2\u6765\u7f8e\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u5f0a\u5927\u4e8e\u5229\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e3b\u5f20\u9a6c\u4e0a\u5165\u4fb5\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4eba\u91c7\u53d6\u8fc5\u901f\u800c\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u884c\u52a8&#8221;\uff1b\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5219\u8bf4&#8220;\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3e\u52a8\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u63f4\u52a9\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u66b4\u9732\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u5bf9\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u66f4\u52a0\u6709\u6548\u7684\u501f\u53e3&#8221;\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn24\" name=\"_ednref24\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxiv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6e&#8220;\u5916\u4ea4&#8221;\u52aa\u529b\u53c8\u544a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ea\u80fd\u675f\u624b\u5f85\u6bd9\uff0c\u7b49\u7740\u8ba9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u524d\u6765\u5bb0\u5272\u4e86\u3002\u897f\u85cf\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u7684\u786e\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1950\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5f00\u59cb\u90e8\u7f72\u5411\u897f\u85cf\u8fdb\u519b\u300210\u6708\uff0c\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7b2c\u5341\u516b\u519b\u6e21\u8fc7\u91d1\u6c99\u6c5f\uff0c\u53d1\u52a8\u660c\u90fd\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u4fd8\u864f\u5927\u6279\u85cf\u519b\u548c\u5b98\u5458\u3002\u85cf\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\uff09\u5747\u628a\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u5165\u85cf\u79f0\u4e3a&#8220;\u5165\u4fb5&#8221;\u3002<a href=\"#_edn25\" name=\"_ednref25\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u897f\u85cf\u4e0e\u4e2d\u571f\u653f\u6743\u7684\u6f2b\u957f\u5173\u7cfb\u53f2\uff0c\u53c8\u5bf9<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u56f4\u7ed5\u897f\u85cf&#8220;\u4e3b\u6743&#8221;\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u535a\u5f08\u6709\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u68b3\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u5f53\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u754c\u5b9a1950\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u519b\u961f\u5165\u85cf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53f2\u5b9e\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u662f&#8220;\u4fb5\u7565&#8221;\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u884c\u4f7f\u4e3b\u6743\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">&#8220;\u4fb5\u7565&#8221;\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6307\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u9886\u571f\u7684\u4fb5\u72af\u3002<\/span><a href=\"#_edn26\" name=\"_ednref26\" title=\"\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:SimSun\"><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxvi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\"> \u73b0\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a1950\u5e74\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u5165\u85cf\u524d\u897f\u85cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c1949\u5e74\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u88ab\u5b83\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u65ad\u7136\u5426\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<a href=\"#_edn27\" name=\"_ednref27\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxvii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u6211\u5728\u524d\u6587\u66fe\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1912\u5e74\u81f31949<span>\u5e74\u95f4\u786e\u5b9e\u672a\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u884c\u4f7f\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u8f96\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bf4\u897f\u85cf\u5904\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u53f2\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u897f\u85cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u5f90\u660e\u65ed\u66fe\u7ecf\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u505a\u8fc7\u4e00\u756a\u5b66\u7406\u5206\u6790\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5728\u4ece\u4e8b\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u5145\u5206\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5b66\u8005\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5f15\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u90a3\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u786e\u5b9e\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u884c\u4f7f\u4e3b\u6743\u7ba1\u8f96\ufe50\u90a3\u4e48\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u8fd8\u5b58\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5462\ufe56\u5982\u679c\u6e05\u671d\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u9881\u5e03\u7ae0\u7a0b\ufe51\u9a7b\u519b\u8bbe\u5b98\ufe51\u5b9e\u884c\u8fc7\u4e3b\u6743\u7ba1\u8f96\ufe50\u5982\u679c\u6e05\u671d\u4e0e\u6c11\u56fd\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u6761\u7ea6\u91cc\u653e\u5f03\u8fc7\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\ufe50\u90a3\u4e48\u4e2d\u56fd\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u518d\u62e5\u6709\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u53ef\u60dc\u5386\u53f2\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u6e05\u4ee3\ufe50\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u6761\u7ea6\u627f\u8ba4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743 \uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u6761\u7ea6\u5426\u8ba4\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\ufe50\u66f4\u65e0\u4e00\u56fd\u627f\u8ba4\u8fc7\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u5e74\u95f4\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u82f1\u56fd\u5343\u65b9\u767e\u8ba1\u56fe\u8c0b\u897f\u85cf\ufe50\u5374\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\uff08\u6e05\u671d\ufe51\u6c11\u56fd\uff09\u4e3a\u4ea4\u6d89\u5bf9\u8c61\ufe50\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u3002<\/span>1906\u5e74\u300a\u4e2d\u82f1\u7eed\u8ba2\u85cf\u5370\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b3e\u89c4\u5b9a\ufe55&#8220;\u82f1\u56fd\u5e94\u5141\u4e0d\u5360\u85cf\u5883\ufe50\u53ca\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d89\u897f\u85cf\u4e00\u5207\u653f\u6cbb\ufe50\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea6\u5e94\u5141\u4e0d\u51c6\u4ed6\u56fd\u5e72\u6d89\u85cf\u5883\u53ca\u5176\u4e00\u5207\u653f\u6cbb\u3002&#8221;\u7b49\u4e8e\u627f\u8ba4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u4e0e\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u5728\u6e05\u4ee3\u5c31\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u5b9e\ufe50\u53ea\u8981\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6761\u7ea6\u53bb\u63a8\u7ffb\u8fd9\u4e00\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u5b9e\ufe50\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6709\u6548\u3002\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\ufe50\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6761\u7ea6\ufe50\u6240\u4ee5\u8c01\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5426\u8ba4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u3002&#8230;&#8230;\u8fd9\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u5b9e\ufe50\u4e2d\u5171\u8fdb\u519b\u897f\u85cf\u5c31\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\uff08\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\uff09\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\ufe50\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5185\u653f\uff08\u6539\u671d\u6362\u4ee3\uff09\ufe54\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u5b9e\ufe50\u4e2d\u5171\u8fdb\u519b\u897f\u85cf\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u56fd\u4fb5\u7565\u53e6\u4e00\u56fd\u3002<a href=\"#_edn28\" name=\"_ednref28\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxviii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5f90\u660e\u65ed\u5bf9&#8220;\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e8b\u5b9e&#8221;\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u5f88\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u672c\u4eba\u540c\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u8bc1\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u4ece\u665a\u6e05\u5230\u6c11\u56fd\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u671d\u8d21\u4f53\u7cfb\u74e6\u89e3\u3001\u4e3b\u6743\u6846\u67b6\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6362\u5173\u5934\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u85cf\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u6c49\u4eba\u90fd\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8fa9\u62a4\u3002\u4f46\u85cf\u4eba\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\u597d\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u7528&#8220;\u4f9b\u65bd\u5173\u7cfb&#8221;\u89e3\u91ca\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6839\u636e\u3002\u524d\u8fb9\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u548c\u8bba\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a&#8220;\u4f9b\u65bd\u5173\u7cfb&#8221;\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u897f\u85cf\u4e0e\u4e2d\u571f\u653f\u6743\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5168\u90e8\uff1b\u5728\u5143\u671d\u4ee5\u6765\u7684<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">700\u591a\u5e74\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u85cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd8\u6709\u81e3\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b64\u85cf\u4eba\u5374\u6709\u610f\u56de\u907f\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u672c\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u7b26\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e89\u53d6\u56fd\u9645\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u9700\u77e5\u5373\u4fbf\u85cf\u4eba\u627f\u8ba4\u8fc7\u53bb\u66fe\u7ecf\u81e3\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u534e\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e1d\u56fd\u6b63\u5728\u8870\u8d25\u800c\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u539f\u5219\u6b63\u5728\u65f6\u5174\u65f6\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u81e3\u670d\u8005\u6323\u8131\u8fd9\u79cd\u81e3\u670d\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u6210\u4e3a\u88ab\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u85cf\u4eba\u9519\u8fc7\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u540e\u6094\u83ab\u53ca\u3002<a href=\"#_edn29\" name=\"_ednref29\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u5404\u56fd\u5404\u6253\u5404\u7684\u7b97\u76d8\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u771f\u5fc3\u652f\u6301\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002<a href=\"#_edn30\" name=\"_ednref30\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxx]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6b63\u5f0f\u627f\u8ba4\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u72ec\u7acb\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5426\u8ba4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u6216&#8220;\u5b97\u4e3b\u6743&#8221;\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<strong>\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e3a\u6839\u636e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u8fdb\u5165\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u5c31\u53ea\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u8fb9\u7586\u5730\u533a\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e&#8220;\u4fb5\u7565&#8221;\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5f53\u5e74\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5230\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u9a7b\u519b\uff0c\u662f\u529b\u6240\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u4e0d\u60f3\u505a\uff1b<\/strong><a href=\"#_edn31\" name=\"_ednref31\" title=\"\"><strong><span><span><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxxi]<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><strong> \u73b0\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u80fd\u529b\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5411\u897f\u85cf\u8fdb\u519b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6743\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\u65b0\u7684\u6267\u653f\u8005\u7684\u6062\u590d\u884c\u4f7f\u4e3b\u6743\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u533a\u5206\u4e2d\u5171\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u4e24\u5c42\u542b\u4e49<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4eba\u4ee5&#8220;\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd&#8221;\u65f6\u671f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5728\u6cbb\u85cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u72af\u8fc7\u7684\u65e0\u6570\u9519\u8bef\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u85cf\u4eba\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u4f24\u5bb3\u4e3a\u7531\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u8fdb\u519b\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<strong>\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u8fdb\u519b\u897f\u85cf\u672c\u8eab\u548c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u85cf\u533a\u6240\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u4e2d\u5171\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u4e24\u5c42\u4e0d\u540c\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53c8\u9690\u542b\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: SimSun\">\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u5171\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6&#8212;&#8212;\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd&#8212;&#8212;\u7684\u6267\u653f\u8005\u5411\u897f\u85cf\u6d3e\u51fa\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u3001\u8bd5\u56fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u5f70\u663e\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u5171\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u524d\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4ece<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u5230\u6574\u4e2a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u665a\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u662f\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5747\u5728\u9532\u800c\u4e0d\u820d\u5730\u5411\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u5ba3\u793a\u5176\u62e5\u6709\u897f\u85cf\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6240\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u7684\u6267\u653f\u8005\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684<strong>\u627f\u7ee7<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u4ece\u524d\u73b0\u4ee3\u534e\u590f\u671d\u8d21\u4f53\u5236\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5171\u540c\u4f53\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u53c8\u662f\u5217\u5f3a\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6709\u529b\u649e\u51fb\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5e1d\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6025\u5267\u8870\u843d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u80cc\u666f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b8c\u6210\u81ea\u8eab\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5fc5\u5b9a\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62b5\u5236\u5916\u90e8\u52bf\u529b\uff08\u5217\u5f3a\uff09\u5e72\u6d89\u548c\u62b5\u5236\u5185\u90e8\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u52bf\u529b\uff08\u8fb9\u7586\u5730\u533a\uff09\u5206\u79bb\u503e\u5411\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u665a\u6e05\u7684\u8870\u8d25\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u72ec\u7acb\u8bc9\u6c42\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff1b\u5047\u8bbe\u6c11\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u906d\u9047\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5fe7\u5916\u60a3\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u81f3\u5ef6\u8bef\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u4e45\uff0c\u51e0\u6210\u60ac\u6848\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u56e0\u679c\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5e76\u975e\u5168\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u6f14\u8fdb\u672c\u6765\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u662f\u591a\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u6b63\u89c6\u3001\u4e14\u4ee5\u4e4b\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\u6839\u636e\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u5c31\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8c0b\u6c42\u72ec\u7acb\uff1b\u662f\u6e05\u5ef7\u7684\u8870\u8d25\u3001\u665a\u6e05\u65b0\u7684\u8fb9\u7586\u6cbb\u7406\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b98\u5458\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7684\u7c97\u66b4\u611a\u8822\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u610f\u8bc6\uff1b\u6e05\u5ef7\u7684\u8d25\u4ea1\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6539\u671d\u6362\u4ee3\u5219\u7ed9\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5929\u8d50\u826f\u673a\u3002\u800c\u7ad9\u5728\u6ee1\u6e05\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u540e\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u4e00\u3001\u963b\u6b62\u897f\u85cf\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u7248\u56fe\u4e0a\u5206\u88c2\u51fa\u53bb\u4e43\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u6218\u80dc\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u5217\u5f3a\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u8c08\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u66fe\u5728<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u4ecb\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4e5f\u66fe\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u5730\u533a\u5782\u6d8e\u4e09\u5c3a\u3002\u7ad9\u5728\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5217\u5f3a\u4ecb\u5165\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u72ec\u7acb\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff08\u867d\u7136\u85cf\u4eba\u4e5f\u65f6\u523b\u8b66\u60d5\u5217\u5f3a\u635f\u5bb3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff09\uff1b\u800c\u7ad9\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5217\u5f3a\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u76f4\u63a5\u6784\u6210\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5b71\u5f31\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5b9e\u529b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u5f70\u663e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u5c3d\u5176\u6240\u80fd\u5730\u4ee5\u8a00\u8f9e\u5ba3\u793a\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u4e89\u53d6\u5404\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8d8a\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u63a7\u5236\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8a00\u8f9e\u5ba3\u793a\u5c31\u8d8a\u663e\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3b\u6743\u5ba3\u793a\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f<strong>\u6269\u5f20\u6027\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u62b5\u5236\u5217\u5f3a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fb9\u7586\u5730\u533a\u7684\u67d3\u6307\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9&#8220;\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49&#8221;\u7684\u6307\u63a7\uff0c\u90fd\u5e76\u975e\u65e0\u636e\u3002<a href=\"#_edn32\" name=\"_ednref32\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:SimSun;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxxii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u660e\u4e86\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u53ca\u5176\u519b\u961f<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">1950\u5e74\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u8fdb\u519b\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u7684<strong>\u5386\u53f2\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u521a\u521a\u63a5\u7ba1\u653f\u6743\u7684<strong>\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6<\/strong>\u7684\u638c\u6743\u8005\u5bf9\u8fb9\u7586\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u5ba3\u793a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ba3\u793a\u4e0d\u4f46\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u638c\u6743\u8005<strong>\u5df2\u7ecf<\/strong>\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7247\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u75db\u5931\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u8f96\u7684\u5730\u533a\u91cd\u65b0\u884c\u4f7f\u7ba1\u8f96\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u542b\u6709\u62b5\u5236&#8220;\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49&#8221;\u4f01\u56fe\u3001\u4e00\u96ea\u767e\u5e74\u6c11\u65cf\u803b\u8fb1\u7684\u5473\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:SimSun\">\u5f53\u7136\uff0c<strong>\u4e2d\u5171\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u653f\u6743\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8005\u3001\u4ee3\u8868\u8005\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u8d44\u683c\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u8fd8\u62e5\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u7eb2\u9886\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5728\u6c49\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730\u533a\u5b9e\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5728\u5e7f\u5927\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u85cf\u533a\uff09\u5b9e\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u4e2d\u5171\u4f5c\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u6539\u9020\u6216\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u8005<\/strong>\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u7ed9\u85cf\u533a\u5e26\u6765\u4e86<strong>\u5de8\u5927\u707e\u96be<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u6096\u8bba\u3001\u52a8\u673a\u548c\u6548\u679c\u95f4\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u53cd\u5dee\uff0c\u4e5f\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5b58\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u66b4\u9732\u65e0\u9057\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c55\u5f00\u3001\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <div><br clear=\"all\" \/>  <hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\" \/>    <div id=\"edn1\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[i]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u89c1\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5587\u561b\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u706d\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>63<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn2\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[ii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5173\u4e8e&#8220;\u627f\u8ba4&#8221;\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u662f&#8220;\u6784\u6210\u8bf4&#8221;\uff0c\u8be5\u5b66\u8bf4\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e89\u53d6\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e76\u8d4b\u4e88\u5176\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4eba\u683c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f&#8220;\u5ba3\u544a\u8bf4&#8221;\uff0c\u8be5\u5b66\u8bf4\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u83b7\u5f97\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u52bf\u3002&#8220;\u5b9e\u8df5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6298\u4e2d\u7acb\u573a&#8221;\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u59c6<\/span><span style=\"font-family:SimSun\">&#183;<\/span>N<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">&#8226;<\/span> <span style=\"font-family: SimSun;\">\u8096\uff08<\/span>Malcolm N. Shaw<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\uff09\u8457\u3001\u767d\u6842\u6885\u7b49\u8bd1\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/span>2011<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u9875<\/span>352<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn3\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[iii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u4f46\u85cf\u4eba\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u53c8\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a&#8220;\u82e5\u9a7b\u5728\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u8d39\u7528\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u4e0d\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u8d22\u7269\u3002&#8221;\u89c1\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5587\u561b\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u706d\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>72<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn4\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[iv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>74~75<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn5\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[v]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn6\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[vi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u300a\u5251\u6865\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u53f2\u300b\u7684\u6709\u5173\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u4e0d\u59a8\u505a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a&#8220;\u6e05\u671d\u6700\u540e<\/span>10<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\uff08<\/span>1901~1911<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\uff09\u91cc\u7684&#8216;\u65b0\u653f&#8217;\u4f7f\u8499\u53e4\u7684\u5927\u95e8\u6d1e\u5f00\uff0c\u63a5\u7eb3\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u5b9a\u5c45\uff0c\u51c6\u8bb8\u8499\u6c49\u901a\u5a5a\u548c\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u6c49\u8bed\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4f7f\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u7956\u7956\u8f88\u8f88\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u6c49\u5316\u7684\u5a01\u80c1<\/span><span style=\"font-family:SimSun\">&#8230;&#8230;\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-family:SimSun\">1911\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u6279\u9996\u9886\u51b3\u5b9a\u8c0b\u6c42\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u6d3e\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u53bb\u4fc4\u56fd\u5bfb\u6c42\u63f4\u52a9\u3002\u8499\u53e4\u540c\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u67091700\u82f1\u91cc\u957f\u7684\u5171\u540c\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u65e9\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\uff0c\u6c99\u7687\u4fc4\u56fd\u5bf9\u8499\u53e4\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5c31\u5df2\u786e\u5b9a\uff1a\u4fc4\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u5317\u4eac\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u50cf\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u88ab\u4fdd\u62a4\u56fd\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5bf9\u5317\u4eac\u4ea7\u751f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5723\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u5b81\u613f\u8ba9\u8499\u53e4\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u6ee1\u6e05\u7684\u5b97\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0b\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u72ec\u7acb\u4f1a\u4f7f\u8499\u53e4\u6253\u5f00\u540c\u6240\u6709\u5217\u5f3a\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5217\u5f3a\u6240\u6e34\u671b\u7684\u901a\u5546\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5c06\u540c\u4fc4\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u6743\u5229\u76f8\u62b5\u727e\uff1b\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d8\u6210\u88ab\u4fdd\u62a4\u56fd\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u540c\u522b\u7684\u5217\u5f3a\uff08\u5982\u65e5\u672c\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u5916\u4ea4\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff08\u5979\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4eec\u7aed\u529b\u58f0\u79f0\u8499\u53e4\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5b97\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u63a9\u76d6\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u5374\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">&#8221;&#8212;&#8212;\u89c1\u8d39\u6b63\u6e05\u4e3b\u7f16\u3001\u7ae0\u5efa\u521a\u7b49\u8bd1\u300a\u5251\u6865\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e<\/span>1992<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u9875<\/span>89<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn7\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[vii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u8fd9\u4f4d\u59d1\u5a18\u53eb\u5218\u66fc\u537f\uff08<\/span>1906~1941<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\uff09\uff0c\u5949\u547d\u5165\u85cf\u65f6\u624d<\/span>24<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5c81\u3002\u66fe\u8457\u300a\u5eb7\u85cf\u8f7a\u5f81\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u8ff0\u5176\u897f\u85cf\u4e4b\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn8\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[viii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u89c1\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5587\u561b\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u706d\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>221~223<span style=\"font-family: SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn9\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[ix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u5728\u5f15\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u65f6\u7279\u522b\u52a0\u6ce8\uff0c\u6307\u51fa&#8220;\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c&#8221;\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u5e94\u7cfb\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6545\u610f\u4e3a\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u85cf\u4eba\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u89c6\u4e3a&#8220;\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c&#8221;\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b54\u590d\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u7528&#8220;\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c&#8221;\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002&#8212;&#8212;\u89c1\u300a\u5587\u561b\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u706d\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>220<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn10\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[x]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn11\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u901a\u53f2&#8212;&#8212;\u677e\u77f3\u5b9d\u4e32\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u4e5f\u79f0\u70ed\u632f\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d&#8220;\u7ef4\u62a4\u7956\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u6c49\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u7231\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005&#8221;\uff0c\u89c1\u8be5\u4e66\uff0c\u9875<\/span>943<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn12\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> 1947<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u91cd\u65b0\u593a\u56de\u6743\u529b\u7684\u70ed\u632f\u5728\u4e0e\u8fbe\u672d\u7684\u4e89\u6597\u4e2d\u6700\u7ec8\u8d25\u5317\uff0c\u6b7b\u4e8e\u72f1\u4e2d\u3002\u610f\u5473\u6df1\u957f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u70ed\u632f\u5728\u540c\u8fbe\u672d\u7684\u4e89\u6597\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5bfb\u6c42\u5357\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u70ed\u632f\u8868\u793a\u63a5\u53d7\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u3002&#8212;&#8212;\u53c2\u89c1\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5587\u561b\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u706d\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>488<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn13\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xiii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>390~395<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn14\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xiv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn15\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u89c1\u53f0\u6e7e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u5927\u5b66\u53f2\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u5f20\u745e\u5fb7\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300a&#8220;\u94a6\u5dee&#8221;\u4f7f\u547d\uff1a\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u5728\u897f\u85cf\uff08<\/span>1943~1946<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u539f\u8f7d\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u96c6\u520a\u7b2c<\/span>67<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u671f\uff08\u6c11\u56fd<\/span>99<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74<\/span>3<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6708\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f15\u8bc1\u7684\u662f\u8be5\u6587\u7f51\u7edc\u7248\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn16\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xvi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn17\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xvii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> 1914<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u897f\u59c6\u62c9\u4f1a\u8bae\u65f6\u85cf\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u79c1\u4e0b\u8fbe\u6210\u8fb9\u754c\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u82f1\u5370\u653f\u5e9c\u5e76\u672a\u5728\u6b64\u5730\u533a\u8bbe\u7acb\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u671f\u91cc\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u9ea6\u514b\u9a6c\u6d2a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5357\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u5f81\u7a0e\u3002\u5230<\/span>20<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u4e16\u7eaa<\/span>30<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5676\u53a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u59cb\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e0e\u82f1\u5370\u653f\u5e9c\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u76f4\u5230\u82f1\u4eba\u64a4\u8d70\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u7559\u7ed9\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn18\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xviii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u89c1\u5f20\u745e\u5fb7\u8bba\u6587\u300a&#8220;\u94a6\u5dee&#8221;\u4f7f\u547d\uff1a\u6c88\u5b97\u6fc2\u5728\u897f\u85cf\uff08<\/span>1943~1946<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\uff09\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn19\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref19\" name=\"_edn19\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u89c1\u8303\u666e\u62c9\u8d6b\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>152<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn20\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref20\" name=\"_edn20\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xx]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5587\u561b\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u706d\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>588<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn21\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref21\" name=\"_edn21\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>596<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn22\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref22\" name=\"_edn22\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>602~609<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn23\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref23\" name=\"_edn23\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxiii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>624<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn24\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref24\" name=\"_edn24\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxiv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>651~652<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn25\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref25\" name=\"_edn25\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f20\u8bb0\u300a\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u81ea\u4f20\uff1a\u6d41\u4ea1\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u5728\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u6807\u9898\u5c31\u662f&#8220;\u5165\u4fb5\uff1a\u98ce\u66b4\u5f00\u59cb&#8221;\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u8054\u7ecf\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8<\/span>1990<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u9875<\/span>59<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn26\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref26\" name=\"_edn26\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxvi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c<\/span>1974<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u7b2c<\/span>29<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5c4a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5927\u4f1a\u66fe\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u4fb5\u7565\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u300b\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4efd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8054\u5927\u7b2c<\/span>3314<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u53f7\u51b3\u8bae\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c&#8220;\u4fb5\u7565&#8221;\u88ab\u754c\u5b9a\u4e3a&#8220;\u4e00\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u4fb5\u72af\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u9886\u571f\u5b8c\u6574\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u6216\u4ee5\u672c\u300a\u672c\u5b9a\u4e49\u300b\u6240\u5ba3\u793a\u7684\u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5baa\u7ae0\u4e0d\u7b26\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u6b66\u529b&#8221;\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn27\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref27\" name=\"_edn27\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxvii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u65b0\u534e\u793e<\/span>1949<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74<\/span>9<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6708<\/span>2<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u65e5\u53d1\u8868&#8220;\u7edd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u8bb8\u5916\u56fd\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u541e\u5e76\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u571f&#8212;&#8212;\u897f\u85cf&#8221;\u7684\u793e\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b<\/span>1949<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74<\/span>9<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6708<\/span>7<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u65e5\u53d1\u8868&#8220;\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u89e3\u653e\u897f\u85cf&#8221;\u7684\u7f72\u540d\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5747\u4e3a\u5373\u5c06\u5ba3\u544a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u4e3b\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u660e\u786e\u8868\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn28\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref28\" name=\"_edn28\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxviii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u89c1\u5f90\u660e\u65ed\u300a\u9634\u8c0b\u4e0e\u8654\u8bda\uff1a\u62c9\u8428\u9a9a\u4e71\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u300b\u7f51\u7edc\u7248\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u6279\u8bc4\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u548c\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5c\u8005\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u505a\u6cd5\u6301\u6279\u8bc4\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa<\/span>90<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u51fa\u7248\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u503c\u5f97\u91cd\u89c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn29\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref29\" name=\"_edn29\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u8bc1\u5370\u5ea6\u9996\u76f8\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5bf9\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e3a\u8bc1\u3002<\/span>1950<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u5f53\u85cf\u4eba\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u652f\u6301\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u3001\u963b\u6b62\u4e2d\u5171\u519b\u961f\u7684\u8fdb\u653b\u65f6\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5bf9\u85cf\u4eba\u6279\u8bc4\u8bf4\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7406\u7531\u5ba3\u79f0\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5730\u4f4d\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5f53\u85cf\u4eba\u5f15\u8bc1\u300a\u897f\u59c6\u62c9\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u8bd5\u56fe\u8bc1\u660e\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u65f6\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u53c8\u8868\u793a&#8220;\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u672a\u627f\u8ba4\u8fc7\u300a\u897f\u59c6\u62c9\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u897f\u85cf\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u627f\u8ba4\u300a\u897f\u59c6\u62c9\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u897f\u85cf\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u660e\u786e\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u673a\u4f1a\u505a\uff08\u5173\u4e8e\u72ec\u7acb\uff09\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u5374\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u3002\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5ba3\u79f0\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002&#8221;&#8212;&#8212;\u89c1\u6208\u5c14\u65af\u5766\u300a\u5587\u561b\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u706d\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>696<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn30\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref30\" name=\"_edn30\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxx]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6cd5\u56fd\u85cf\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b89\u739b\u4e3d<\/span><span style=\"font-family:SimSun\">&#183;<\/span><span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e03\u9686\u94ce\u8fd9\u6837\u5206\u6790\u9053\uff1a&#8220;\u867d\u7136\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u4e0e\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u52aa\u529b\u60f3\u5728<\/span>1950<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u8ba9\u56fe\u4f2f\u7279\u72ec\u7acb\u83b7\u5f97\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u786e\u5b9e\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u627f\u8ba4\u5176\u72ec\u7acb&#8221;\uff1b&#8220;\u90a3\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u571f\u4e3b\u5f20\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u7406\u7684&#8221;\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a&#8220;\u4e0e\u56fe\u4f2f\u7279\u6709\u5f80\u6765\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5229\u76ca&#8221;\u3002\uff08\u89c1\u300a\u906e\u853d\u7684\u56fe\u4f2f\u7279\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>79~80<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\uff09\u672c\u4e66\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u3001\u4fc4\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn31\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref31\" name=\"_edn31\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxxi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u636e\u674e\u6c5f\u7433\u5973\u58eb\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5c06\u9886\u9648\u8bda\u66fe\u4e8e<\/span>1947<span style=\"font-family: SimSun;\">\u5e74<\/span>9<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u6708\u5411\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u5448\u9001\u300a\u63a7\u5236\u897f\u85cf\u8ba1\u5212\u5927\u7eb2\u53ca\u8981\u56fe\u300b\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u4ee5\u62a4\u9001\u5341\u4e16\u73ed\u7985\u4e3a\u501f\u53e3\uff0c\u5411\u897f\u85cf\u8fdb\u5175\uff0c\u4e00\u4e3e\u6536\u590d\u897f\u85cf\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u540e\u6765\u5f62\u52bf\u5de8\u53d8\uff0c\u672a\u53ca\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <\/div>  <div id=\"edn32\">  <p><a href=\"#_ednref32\" name=\"_edn32\" title=\"\"><span><span><span style=\"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;Times New Roman&quot;;\">[xxxii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\u9700\u5355\u72ec\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u5728<\/span>20<span style=\"font-family:SimSun;\">\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e76\u672a\u4ecb\u5165\u897f\u85cf\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u7275\u6d89\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u5230\u4e86\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u89d2\u9010\u6e10\u9732\u5206\u6653\u3001\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u4e3b\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u4e8e\u53cd\u5171\u548c\u51b7\u6218\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba4\u771f\u5173\u6ce8\u897f\u85cf\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u897f\u85cf\u7684&#8220;\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3&#8221;\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p>&nbsp;<\/p>  <p>&nbsp;<\/p>  <\/div>  <\/div>  <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&lt;div&gt;  &lt;p style=&quot;line-height:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 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