{"id":38831,"date":"2014-03-27T05:01:00","date_gmt":"2014-03-27T05:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=38831 "},"modified":"2014-03-27T05:01:00","modified_gmt":"2014-03-27T05:01:00","slug":"38831-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=38831","title":{"rendered":"\u5f20\u535a\u6811\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5341\u4e00\uff09\u2014\u2014\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u6cbb\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"

“\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e0e\u57f9\u80b2\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a”\u5f81\u6587<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

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\u4f55\u4e3a“\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236”<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

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“\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236”\u662f\u7b14\u8005<\/span>2005\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/span>[i]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\n\u5728<\/span>2012\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u6539\u9769\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u5168\u672c\uff09\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u7eb5\u5411\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5b66\u7406\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/span>[ii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n

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 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u6001<\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u53c8\u7531\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u539f\u56e0\u5b58\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u6fb3\u95e8\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7279\u533a\u653f\u6cbb\u5171\u540c\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u5baa\u653f\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u4e5f\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u591a\u5143\u7684\u3002\u897f\u85cf\u3001\u65b0\u7586\u7b49\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u533a\u57df\u81ea\u6cbb\u52bf\u5fc5\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u6c49\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u6fb3\u95e8\u548c\u7edf\u4e00\u540e\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u5728\u81ea\u6cbb\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5927\u9646\u5176\u5b83\u7701\u533a\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5e76\u5b58\u4e43\u662f\u81ea\u6cbb\u539f\u5219\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u65e2\u7136\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u6743\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6cbb\u7406\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8fd9\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u539f\u5219\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u9002\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d<\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u519b\u4e8b\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u4e4b\u7c7b\u4e8b\u6743\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u662f\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8c13“\u9002\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d”\u4e43\u5728\u4e8e\u5f3a\u8c03\u5982\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u8981\u6210\u529f\u9762\u5bf9\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u516c\u5171\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5316\u89e3\u5730\u533a\u95f4\u53d1\u5c55\u5dee\u5f02\u592a\u5927\u9020\u6210\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u6cd5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5730\u533a\u6709\u5173\u3001\u4f46\u53c8\u4e8b\u5173\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u8db3\u591f\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u7701\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\uff09\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u5728\u81ea\u6cbb\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u81ea\u884c\u5904\u7406\u672c\u5730\u533a\u4e8b\u52a1\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u968f\u610f\u5e72\u6d89\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u9886\u5bfc<\/span>–\u88ab\u9886\u5bfc\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u5728\u8d85\u51fa\u5730\u533a\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u884c\u653f\u957f\u5b98\u5fc5\u987b\u670d\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u6307\u6325\uff1b\u5730\u65b9\u884c\u653f\u957f\u5b98\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4e2d\u592e\u6388\u6743\u3001\u63a5\u53d7\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u59d4\u6258\u5b8c\u6210\u5728\u672c\u7701\u533a\u5185\u53d1\u751f\u3001\u4f46\u4e8b\u5173\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u53d7\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u76d1\u7763\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7701\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5404\u7ea7\u884c\u653f\u957f\u5b98\u4e4b\u95f4\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8de8\u5c42\u7ea7\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u663e\u7136\uff0c“\u5206\u7ea7\u81ea\u6cbb”\u548c“\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u6001”\u66f4\u591a\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u5efa\u6784\u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5206\u6743\u7279\u70b9\uff1b“\u9002\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d”\u5219\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u5355\u4e00\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u96c6\u6743\u5143\u7d20<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684“\u96c6\u6743”\u5c06\u662f“\u9002\u5ea6\u7684”\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u7684“\u96c6\u6743”\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u660e\u786e\u9650\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u91cd\u8e48\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u5236\u7684\u590d\u8f99\u3002\u5728\u5baa\u6cd5\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba“\u5206\u6743\u81ea\u6cbb”\u8fd8\u662f“\u9002\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d”\u90fd\u662f\u6c11\u6743\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a“\u81ea\u6cbb”\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u533a\u57df\u6027\u6c11\u6743\uff0c“\u96c6\u4e2d”\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u5168\u4f53\u56fd\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u6743\uff08\u6700\u9ad8\u884c\u653f\u6743\u7684\u884c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5168\u4f53\u56fd\u6c11\u7684\u59d4\u6258\uff09\u3002\u800c\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u5efa\u6784\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c“\u5206\u6743\u81ea\u6cbb”\u548c“\u9002\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d”\u53c8\u7684\u786e\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5bf9\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5efa\u6784\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5438\u6536\u548c\u626c\u5f03\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5171\u548c\u653f\u4f53\u65e2\u662f“\u53cc\u8f68”\u7684\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u878d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u5927\u578b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u65e2\u901a\u8fc7\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\uff08\u542b\u6c11\u65cf\u533a\u57df\u81ea\u6cbb\uff09\u843d\u5b9e\u6c11\u6743\uff0c\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5584\u5927\u56fd\u6cbb\u7406\u3002<\/strong><\/span>[v]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u7684\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u5e94\u4f53\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e14\u65e0\u8bba\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u673a\u5173\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd8\u662f\u4e09\u4e2a\uff0c\u539f\u5219\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u662f\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u9009\u4e3e\u85cf\u533a\u4e09\u7ea7\uff08\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u7ea7\u3001\u5e02\u53bf\u7ea7\u3001\u4e61\u9547\u7ea7\uff09\u653f\u6743\u548c\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u6784<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7701\uff08\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u3001\u76f4\u8f96\u5e02\u3001\u7279\u522b\u884c\u653f\u533a\uff09\u7684\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u6784\u53ef\u79f0\u7701\uff08\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u3001\u76f4\u8f96\u5e02\u3001\u7279\u522b\u884c\u653f\u533a\uff09\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e02\uff08\u53bf\uff09\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u6784\u79f0\u5e02\uff08\u53bf\uff09\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e61\uff08\u9547\uff09\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u6784\u79f0\u4e61\uff08\u9547\uff09\u8bae\u4e8b\u4f1a\u3002\u4e09\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u5404\u81ea\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540c\u7ea7\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u5173\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0a\u7ea7\u884c\u653f\u673a\u5173\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u6216\u6307\u6325\u5e76\u5bf9\u4e0a\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u85cf\u533a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\uff08\u542b\u6c11\u65cf\u533a\u57df\u81ea\u6cbb\u548c\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u5171\u5b58\u5171\u6cbb\uff09\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u85cf\u533a\u5404\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u8bae\u4f1a\uff08\u6216\u8bae\u4e8b\u4f1a\uff09\u91c7\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u9009\u4e3e\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u9009\u8fd8\u662f\u95f4\u63a5\u6c11\u9009\u8fd8\u662f\u4e8c\u8005\u517c\u800c\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u5e94\u7531\u85cf\u533a\u7684\u7701\u4e00\u7ea7\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5230\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u515a\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e8e\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u884c\u653f\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684“\u592a\u4e0a\u7687”\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u653f\u515a\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5404\u653f\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5baa\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u5408\u6cd5\u5f00\u5c55\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u6839\u636e\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7701\u4e00\u7ea7\u8bae\u4f1a\u4eab\u6709\u5bf9\u672c\u5730\u533a\u5185\u90e8\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u81ea\u7136\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u85cf\u533a\u5404\u7701\u7ea7\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u6784<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u85cf\u533a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u4e2d\u592e\u6279\u51c6\u3002<\/span>[vi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u540c\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u533a\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u6cd5\u89c4\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u5baa\u653f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u539f\u5219\u76f8\u51b2\u7a81<\/strong>\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u4e00\u76f4\u62c5\u5fc3\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u6c49\u65cf\u79fb\u6c11\u4f1a\u4f7f\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u4e5f\u53d8\u4e3a“\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf”\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5fe7\u8651\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u8981\u6c42“\u7ed9\u4e88\u5404\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u5173\u5bf9\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u5c45\u7559\u3001\u5b9a\u5c45\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u81ea\u4e3b\u5236\u5b9a\u76f8\u5173\u6cd5\u89c4\u7684\u6743\u5229”\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761<\/span>[vii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5374\u9700\u8981\u614e\u91cd\u5bf9\u5f85\u3001\u4ed4\u7ec6\u659f\u914c\u3002\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u4e4b\u5baa\u653f\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u5e94\u4eab\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8fc1\u5f99\u6743\u3002<\/span>[viii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u533a\u5236\u5b9a\u6cd5\u89c4\u9650\u5236\u5916\u90e8\u4eba\u53e3\u8fc1\u5165\u662f\u8fdd\u80cc\u5baa\u653f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u539f\u5219\u7684\u3002\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u6240\u62c5\u5fe7\u7684\u85cf\u533a\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u6e20\u9053\u3001\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e88\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\u5c42\u9762\u5efa\u7acb\u67d0\u79cd\u6c9f\u901a\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6216\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u534f\u5546\u63d0\u51fa\u67d0\u79cd\u6307\u5bfc\u6027\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u6216\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u4e0d\u8fdd\u80cc\u5baa\u6cd5\u539f\u5219\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e2\u5c0a\u91cd\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u8fc1\u5f99\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u53c8\u627e\u5230\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u62a4\u85cf\u533a\u6c11\u65cf\u7279\u8272\u548c\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u53f8\u6cd5\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u5949\u884c\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u539f\u5219\uff1b\u5728\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u884c“\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e94\u9662\u5236”\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u8bbe\u5baa\u6cd5\u6cd5\u9662<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f70\u663e\u5baa\u6cd5\u4fdd\u969c\u548c\u8fdd\u5baa\u5ba1\u67e5\u529f\u80fd\uff1b\u6539\u9769\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u9662<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u6539\u8fdb\u6216\u91cd\u6784\u4fa6\u67e5\u673a\u5173\u3001\u516c\u8bc9\u673a\u5173\u548c\u5ba1\u5224\u673a\u5173\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53f8\u6cd5\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u53f8\u6cd5\uff1b\u521b\u8bbe\u884c\u653f\u6cd5\u9662<\/strong>\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662<\/strong>\u548c\u9009\u52a1\u6cd5\u9662<\/strong>\uff0c\u51f8\u663e\u53f8\u6cd5\u5bf9\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6c11\u544a\u5b98\u6743\u5229\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u6743\u5229\u3001\u9009\u4e3e\u4e0e\u88ab\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/span>[ix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u5173\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7701\u4e00\u7ea7\u673a\u6784\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u5baa\u6cd5\u6cd5\u9662\u5efa\u5236\uff0c<\/span>[x]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\n\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u4e00\u7ea7\u8bbe\u9ad8\u7ea7\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u9662\u3001\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u884c\u653f\u6cd5\u9662\u3001\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u9009\u52a1\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u5728\u5e02\uff08\u53bf\uff09\u7ea7\u8bbe\u521d\u7ea7\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u9662\u3001\u5e02\uff08\u53bf\uff09\u884c\u653f\u6cd5\u9662\u3001\u5e02\uff08\u53bf\uff09\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u5e02\uff08\u53bf\uff09\u9009\u52a1\u6cd5\u9662\u3002\u5404\u53f8\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\u4eab\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u85cf\u3001\u6c49\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9762\u524d\u4eba\u4eba\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u65f6\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u5728\u516c\u5171\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u5b89\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u6784\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u85cf\u533a\u7279\u70b9\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b89\u4fdd\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u85cf\u65cf\u4eba\u58eb\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ec4\u5efa\u85cf\u533a\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u529b\u91cf<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u50cf\u5e73\u63aa\u6c6a\u6770\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8001\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u65e9\u5c31\u53d1\u8868\u8fc7\u771f\u77e5\u707c\u89c1\uff0c\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u51fa\u8fc7\u5c16\u9510\u6279\u8bc4\uff1b<\/span>[xi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u73b0\u884c\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u533a\u57df\u81ea\u6cbb\u6cd5\u300b\u4e5f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u610f\u89c1\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/span>[xii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\n\u4f46\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u85cf\u533a\u6cbb\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u7136\u5341\u5206\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u9762\u5bf9“\u4e0d\u9a6f\u670d”\u7684\u85cf\u65cf\u6297\u8bae\u8005\uff0c\u5f53\u653f\u8005\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u52a8\u8f84\u8c03\u52a8\u516c\u5b89\u3001\u6b66\u8b66\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u6c49\u65cf\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u5f3a\u529b\u5f39\u538b\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u52a0\u5267\u85cf\u533a\u7d27\u5f20\u5c40\u52bf\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4eba\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5c16\u9510\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5bf9\u7acb\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u85cf\u533a\u6cbb\u7406\u5c06\u5145\u5206\u6c72\u53d6\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u843d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b58\u6c11\u65cf\u533a\u57df\u81ea\u6cbb\u6cd5\u89c4\u4e2d\u7684\u5408\u7406\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5236\u5b9a\u3001\u5b9e\u884c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u4f20\u627f\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u5b97\u6559\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u6587\u5316\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u6709\u5173\u9886\u57df\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u4ea4\u6d41<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u6587\u5316\u673a\u6784\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u3001\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5747\u53ef\u81ea\u4e3b\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u76f8\u5173\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u673a\u6784\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u7b7e\u7f72\u5408\u4f5c\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u85cf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5404\u9879\u5982\u80fd\u843d\u5b9e\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f“\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e”\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5145\u6ee1\u751f\u673a\u4e0e\u6d3b\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u66f4\u591a\u6d89\u53ca\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u6cbb\u7406<\/strong>\uff0c\u51f8\u663e\u7684\u662f\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u4e0e“\u81ea\u6cbb”\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684“\u96c6\u4e2d”\u4e00\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ece\u4e00\u822c\u903b\u8f91\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u770b\u770b\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u8d77\u7684\uff1a\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5229\u76ca<\/strong>\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u5206\u7ea7\u81ea\u6cbb\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e0a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5229\u76ca\u5171\u540c\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u5206\u7ea7\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e00\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u591a\u5143\u6027\u548c\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u6027\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5173\u7cfb\u4f1a\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u65e2\u6709\u76f8\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u76f8\u4e92\u62b5\u89e6\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e00\u9762\u3002\u5229\u76ca\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u81a8\u80c0\u7684\u672c\u6027\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6d88\u9664\u8fd9\u79cd\u672c\u6027\u3002<\/strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u81ea\u79c1\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u4ea7\u751f\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\u3001\u4e43\u81f3\u6781\u5176\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5bf9\u77ff\u85cf\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u5f00\u91c7\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u690d\u88ab\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u66f4\u5927\u533a\u57df\u5185\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u707e\u96be\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cbb\u7406\u8fd9\u79cd\u707e\u96be\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u7684\u6210\u500d\u589e\u957f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5730\u533a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u4e2d\u5fc3\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u8ba4\u771f\u9762\u5bf9\u3001\u8bbe\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u8f83\u4f4e\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u670d\u4ece\u8f83\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u5229\u76ca\u670d\u4ece\u5168\u5c40\u5229\u76ca\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\u90fd\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u5168\u56fd\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8f90\u5c04\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6574\u5408\u8fbe\u5230\u76f8\u5f53\u6c34\u5e73\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u4f1a\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u751f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u5c5e\u6027\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6781\u5176\u660e\u663e\u3002\u5bf9\u8f96\u533a\u5185\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u85cf\u533a\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u5f62\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u7ffb\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u56fe\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u85cf\u533a\u6240\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u9752\u85cf\u9ad8\u539f\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e43\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u4e9a\u6b27\u5927\u9646\u7684\u5236\u9ad8\u70b9\uff0c\u6709“\u4e16\u754c\u5c4b\u810a”\u4e4b\u79f0\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e86\u5317\u534a\u7403\u4e2d\u4f4e\u7eac\u5ea6\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u51b0\u5ddd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51b0\u5ddd\u53c8\u6784\u6210\u9ec4\u6cb3\u3001\u957f\u6c5f\u3001\u6f9c\u6ca7\u6c5f\u3001\u6012\u6c5f\u3001\u96c5\u9c81\u85cf\u5e03\u6c5f\u3001\u6052\u6cb3\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u6cb3\u7b49\u4f17\u591a\u5927\u6c5f\u5927\u6cb3\u7684\u6d93\u6d93\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u4ec5\u6b64\u4e00\u6761\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u9752\u85cf\u9ad8\u539f\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3001\u5bf9\u4e9a\u6d32\u4eba\u3001\u4e43\u81f3\u5bf9\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u9752\u85cf\u9ad8\u539f\u662f\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6545\u4e61\uff0c\u4f46\u9752\u85cf\u9ad8\u539f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u3002\u540e\u9762\u8fd9\u4e00\u53e5\u5f53\u7136\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u51fa\u4e3b\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u6001\u5173\u7cfb\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u8d8a\u56fd\u754c\u7684<\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u622a\u6b62\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u5c42\u9762\u5904\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u751f\u6001\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u8fd8\u5f88\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/span>[xiii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u56fd\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u6cbb\u7406\u9752\u85cf\u9ad8\u539f\u8fd9\u7247\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u8d22\u4ea7\u4e0a\u5e94\u8be5\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u82b1\u5927\u529b\u6c14\u548c\u85cf\u533a\u5404\u81ea\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u5468\u8fb9\u7701\u533a\u653f\u5e9c\u5236\u5b9a\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd\u4fdd\u62a4\u9752\u85cf\u9ad8\u539f\u8d44\u6e90\u53ca\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u89c4\u5212\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span>[xiv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7ee7\u7eed\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u5728\u51b0\u5ddd\u6c34\u6587\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u77ff\u4ea7\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u5408\u7406\u5f00\u53d1\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0b\u5404\u6709\u4fa7\u91cd\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u8f96\u533a\u5185\u548c\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u6cbb\u7406\u6709\u5173<\/strong>\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5c31\u5de5\u4f5c\u6027\u8d28\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f53\u73b0\u7740\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u65e2\u662f\u59d4\u6258<\/strong><\/span>–\u4ee3\u7406\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u6307\u6325<\/span>–\u670d\u4ece\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0e\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8f96\u533a\u5185\u6cbb\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u4e43\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u59d4\u6258\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u670d\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u548c\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u653f\u5e9c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u5904\u7406\u85cf\u533a\u5185\u90e8\u4e8b\u52a1\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u540e\u8005\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u7684“\u81ea\u6cbb”\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u7684“\u96c6\u4e2d”\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u5728\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c“\u63f4\u85cf”\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c<\/span><\/strong>\uff1a“\u63f4\u85cf”\u7684\u6839\u672c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u85cf\u533a\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u3001\u4fc3\u8fdb\u85cf\u533a\u7ecf\u6d4e<\/span>–\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u52a8\u5458\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u4f46“\u63f4\u85cf”\u4e0d\u518d\u662f“\u53cd\u5206\u88c2”\u7684“\u653f\u6cbb\u4efb\u52a1”\uff0c“\u63f4\u85cf”\u4e5f\u65e0\u9700\u7ee7\u7eed“\u53ea\u7b97\u653f\u6cbb\u8d26\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b97\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d26”\u7684\u8001\u4f20\u7edf\u3001\u8001\u529e\u6cd5\u3002“\u63f4\u85cf”\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u85cf\u533a\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u53d1\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u6240\u8c13“\u81ea\u6211\u9020\u8840\u673a\u80fd”\uff09\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u4fc3\u8fdb\u85cf\u533a\u4e0e\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6574\u5408\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u9700\u8981\u548c\u85cf\u533a\u81ea\u6cbb\u653f\u5e9c\u534f\u8c03\u3001\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u505a\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u5b89\u6392\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u5bf9\u5168\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u4e0d\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u8fd8\u8981\u53c2\u4e0e\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u6e20\u9053\u3002\u5c31\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u548c\u653f\u52a1\u6d3b\u52a8\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5168\u56fd\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u6784\u7684\u6cd5\u5b9a\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u5728\u7b14\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5236\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u6784\u7531\u4e09\u9662\u6784\u6210\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

●<\/span>    <\/span>\u7b2c\u4e00\u9662\uff0c\u79f0\u56fd\u6c11\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6c11\u9009\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u5b9e\u65bd\u4eba\u53e3\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6309\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ea7\u751f\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u8fd9\u540c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff1b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e00\u9662\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u6c11\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u4e3e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u610f\u7684\u8bae\u5458\u6216\u653f\u515a\u8868\u8fbe\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc9\u6c42\uff0c\u653f\u515a\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u9662\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u62b1\u8d1f\u3002\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

●<\/span>  <\/span>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9662\uff0c\u79f0\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u6c11\u9009\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u91c7\u884c\u667a\u8bc6\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ece\u77e5\u8bc6\u56e2\u4f53\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u56e2\u4f53\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8d24\u8fbe\u4e2d\u63a8\u4e3e\u4ea7\u751f\u672c\u9662\u8bae\u5458\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9662\u4e3b\u8981\u62c5\u5f53\u8d85\u8d8a\u515a\u6d3e\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u628a\u63e1\u56fd\u5bb6\u957f\u8fdc\u5229\u76ca\u4e4b\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

●<\/span>    <\/span>\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\uff0c\u79f0\u7701\u9645\u8054\u5408\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u91c7\u884c\u5730\u533a\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u7531\u5404\u7701\uff08\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u3001\u76f4\u8f96\u5e02\u3001\u7279\u522b\u884c\u653f\u533a\uff09\u63a8\u4e3e\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5730\u533a\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5e73\u8861\u5730\u533a\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b89\u6392\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b9e\u5c5e\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u4f46\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u517c\u987e\u6c11\u6743\u81ea\u6cbb\u548c\u5927\u56fd\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f0f\u6216\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5f0f\u7684\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/span>[xv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ea7\u751f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u53c2\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u8bae\u9662\u3001\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u548c\u7701\u9645\u8054\u5408\u8bae\u9662\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5c65\u884c\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u8d28\u8be2\u3001\u76d1\u7763\u7b49\u804c\u8d23\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

● \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u56fd\u6c11\u8bae\u9662<\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u901a\u8fc7\u85cf\u533a\u76f4\u63a5\u9009\u4e3e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8bae\u5458\u5c06\u540c\u5168\u56fd\u5176\u4ed6\u8bae\u5458\u4e00\u9053\uff0c\u5c65\u884c\u5baa\u6cd5\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\u3001\u5f81\u7a0e\u6743\u3001\u8d22\u653f\u5ba1\u8bae\u6743\u3001\u5bf9\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u6743\u3001\u5f39\u52be\u6743\u3001\u4e2d\u957f\u671f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u89c4\u5212\u6279\u51c6\u6743\u3001\u91cd\u5927\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6216\u751f\u6001\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u5ba1\u8bae\u548c\u6279\u51c6\u6743\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

● \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u53c2\u8bae\u9662<\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u5c31\u672a\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9662\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5236\u7ea6\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\u7684\u4eba\u4e8b\u6743\u548c\u5916\u4e8b\u6743\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e24\u5757\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6743\u529b\u9886\u57df\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u5c65\u884c\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e73\u8861\u7b2c\u4e00\u9662\u7684\u653f\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\u7684\u5730\u533a\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u56fd\u5bb6\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u957f\u8fdc\u5229\u76ca\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>[xvi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u85cf\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u9ad8\u50e7\u5927\u5fb7\u3001\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8d24\u8fbe\u7b49\u5747\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u4e92\u63a8\u4e3e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ea7\u751f\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ad8\u8d35\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u672a\u6765\u628a\u8109\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

● \n<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7701\u9645\u8054\u5408\u8bae\u9662<\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\u5e94\u540c\u65f6\u4f53\u73b0\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u548c\u5927\u56fd\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u7701\uff08\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u3001\u76f4\u8f96\u5e02\u3001\u7279\u522b\u884c\u653f\u533a\uff09\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u672c\u7701\u5229\u76ca\u56e0\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u5236\u5ea6\u6216\u653f\u7b56\u5b89\u6392\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u4ece\u5168\u56fd\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u56fd\u5bb6\u6574\u4f53\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u957f\u8fdc\u5229\u76ca\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6765\u53d1\u6325\u6c11\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u6784\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u5730\u65b9\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u5168\u56fd\u6574\u4f53\u5229\u76ca\u95f4\u7684\u5f20\u529b\uff0c\u5316\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5730\u533a\u95f4\u6216\u4e2d\u592e\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6216\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u8bbe\u7acb\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u534f\u8c03\u6c11\u65cf\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6c11\u65cf\u4e8b\u52a1\u5efa\u7acb\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u548c\u6c11\u610f\u8868\u8fbe\u3001\u6c11\u610f\u6c9f\u901a\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/span>[xvii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5728\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u85cf\u533a\u5404\u7701\u7ea7\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u6784\u5747\u53ef\u63a8\u4e3e\u3001\u59d4\u6d3e\u8bae\u5458\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u5176\u5404\u9879\u5baa\u6cd5\u804c\u80fd\u3002<\/span>[xviii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\n\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fd8\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u67d0\u4e9b\u5bf9\u85cf\u533a\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u8de8\u5730\u533a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u4eba\u53e3\u8fc1\u79fb\u548c\u751f\u6001\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u9664\u4e86\u7acb\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\u5916\uff0c\u85cf\u65cf\u7cbe\u82f1\u4eba\u58eb\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u653f\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5c42\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cbb\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u540c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ed1\u4eba\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u7f8e\u5229\u575a\u5408\u4f17\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u5462\uff1f\u65e2\u7136\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5baa\u653f\u539f\u5219\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb<\/span>–\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u548c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u5171\u5b58\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u5386\u53f2<\/span>–\u6587\u5316\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u56de\u5230\u73b0\u5b9e<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u524d\u6587\u5206\u522b\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u533a\u57df\u81ea\u6cbb\u3001“\u5927\u85cf\u533a”\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u65e2\u843d\u5b9e\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u53c8\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u62ec\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u5728\u5185\u7684\u8d85\u5927\u578b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6cbb\u7406\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u65e0\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u89c4\u5212\u85cf\u533a\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u811a\u4e0b\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u96be\u4e5f\u96be\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u5728“\u7ea2\u4e8c\u4ee3”\u70ed\u8877\u4e8e\u515a\u56fd“\u4e2d\u5174”\u3001“\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49”\u751a\u56a3\u5c18\u4e0a\u7684\u5f53\u4e0b\u8bed\u5883\u5185\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd1\u671f\u5185\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5cf0\u56de\u8def\u8f6c\u7684\u62d0\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c“\u56de\u5230\u73b0\u5b9e”\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u60b2\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/span>[xix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8fc7\u5206\u60b2\u89c2\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7<\/strong><\/span>100\u5e74\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6307\u5411\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5341\u5206\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u65e0\u6570\u5076\u7136\u6027\u8868\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\uff0c\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u66f2\u6298\u524d\u884c\u786e\u5b9e\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff1b\u4f46\u5386\u53f2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u751f\u6210\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u5426\u8ba4\u5386\u53f2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5426\u5b9a\u4eba\u6027\u5c0a\u4e25\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6301\u4e45\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u5730\u8c03\u8bd5\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5730\u5177\u6709“\u97e7\u6027”\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u62d0\u70b9\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7ecf\u610f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\u6084\u6084\u4e34\u8fd1\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u9ad8\u5c45\u5e99\u5802\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u8270\u96be\u594b\u6597\u4e2d\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u5386\u53f2\uff1a\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u8ba4\u51c6\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5927\u65b9\u5411\u4f55\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u5bf9\u5317\u4eac\u5f53\u6743\u8005\u7684\u5fe0\u544a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u613f\u610f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eca\u5929\u5f53\u6743\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6267\u653f\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fe0\u544a\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u505a\u81ea\u6b3a\u6b3a\u4eba\u7684\u8822\u4e8b\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5173\u4e4e<\/span>56\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u3001<\/span>13\u4ebf\u56fd\u6c11\u7684\u6839\u672c\u798f\u7949\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4ee5\u4e00\u515a\u79c1\u5229\u4e3a\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u9762\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u77db\u76fe\u4e43\u81f3\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u505a\u9e35\u9e1f\u72b6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u63a9\u8033\u76d7\u94c3\uff0c\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u91d1\u94b1\u6216\u6b66\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6446\u5e73\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u9519\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u9760\u8c0e\u8a00\u7ef4\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9760\u91d1\u94b1\u3001\u5f3a\u529b\u7ef4\u7cfb\u3002\u8981\u627e\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51fa\u8def\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u6562\u4e8e\u6b63\u89c6\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u6b63\u89c6\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u9634\u6697\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u793a\u4eba\u7684\u65b9\u9762\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\u8981\u62ff\u51fa\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u3001\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u59ff\u6001\u5bfb\u6c42\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u4e00\u3001\u8fb9\u7586\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5927\u5c40\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\uff08\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\uff09\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u9700\u8981\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5f53\u653f\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u62ff\u51fa\u5207\u5b9e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u5b9e\u5b9e\u5728\u5728\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u6216\u884c\u52a8\u81f3\u5c11\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u62ec\uff08\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\uff09\u4e0b\u5217\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u662f\u6062\u590d\u4e0e\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u548c\u6d77\u5916\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u3001\u6c9f\u901a\u3001\u8c08\u5224\u3002\u90a3\u79cd“\u628a\u8fbe\u8d56\u62d6\u6b7b\u4e86\u7b97”\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u667a\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u6d77\u5916\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u8bef\u8bfb\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u524d\u6587\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u6d77\u5916\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u77e5\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u628a\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u538b\u8feb\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u538b\u8feb\uff0c\u628a\u6446\u8131\u5236\u5ea6\u538b\u8feb\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6446\u8131\u6c11\u65cf\u538b\u8feb\u3001\u4e89\u53d6\u6c11\u65cf\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff08\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u53c8\u4ee5\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6c49\u85cf\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\uff09\u3002\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u7684“\u4e2d\u95f4\u9053\u8def”\u653f\u7b56\u65e2\u662f\u5bf9\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8c08\u5224\u7b56\u7565\u6743\u8861\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6d77\u5916\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u5185\u90e8\u5404\u79cd\u610f\u89c1\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5145\u6ee1\u7591\u8651\u7684\uff0c<\/span>9\u6b21\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u66f4\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u7591\u8651\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c“\u4e2d\u95f4\u9053\u8def”\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u52a8\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8fbe\u5170\u8428\u62c9\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u8c08\u5224\u6062\u590d\u540e\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u4e00\u65b9\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u505a\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u8ba9\u6b65\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4fc3\u6210\u8c08\u5224\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e86\uff0c\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u9ad8\u538b\u6001\u52bf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u4f1a\u5411\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5316\u3001\u6781\u7aef\u5316\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5230\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u51fa\u73b0\u5951\u673a\uff0c\u4e0e\u6d77\u5916\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u8c08\u5224\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u53d8\u6570\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8d81\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u5065\u5728\u3001\u4e14\u4ecd\u5728\u85cf\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u4eab\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u6062\u590d\u63a5\u89e6\u3001\u5546\u8c08\uff0c\u5bf9\u5317\u4eac\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u660e\u667a\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6076\u610f\u5ba3\u4f20\u53ea\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u590d\u539f\u5386\u53f2\u771f\u76f8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u66f4\u96be\uff0c\u4f46\u8fdf\u65e9\u8981\u505a\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e<\/span>1959\u5e74\u7684“\u53db\u4e71”\u3002\u8bfb\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053<\/span>1959\u5e74\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f53\u4ee3\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u539f\u53d1\u70b9\u3002\u4e3a\u6062\u590d\u5386\u53f2\u672c\u6765\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u8fd8\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5f53\u653f\u8005\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u63ed\u5f00\u524d\u4efb\u8499\u4e0a\u7684\u9762\u7eb1\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e9\u6709\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u77f3\u6c89\u5927\u6d77\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u56de\u5e94\u3002<\/span>[xx]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>\n<\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u7ed9\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u5efa\u8bae<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\u85cf\u4eba\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u5728\u4e89\u53d6\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u5426\u6de1\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u5236\u5ea6\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c<\/span><\/strong>\u9700\u77e5\uff0c\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u4f53\u5236\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u85cf\u4eba\u7684\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6c49\u4eba\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u906d\u53d7\u8fc7\u540c\u6837\u7684\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9020\u5de5\u7a0b\u72c2\u98d9\u7a81\u8fdb\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u76ee\u7779\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5206\u4eab\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u589e\u957f\u3001\u53d8\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002\u4f46\uff0c\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\u6743\u5229\u4ecd\u7136\u8fdc\u672a\u843d\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f53\u4eca\u515a\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\u51a5\u987d\u4e0d\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u3001\u6709\u8fdd\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u57fa\u672c\u51c6\u5219\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6c49\u4eba\u3001\u85cf\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002“\u6de1\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u5236\u5ea6\u56e0\u7d20”\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u79cd\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5171\u540c\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e2d\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u800c\u52aa\u529b\u3001\u800c\u6297\u4e89\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\u85cf\u4eba\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u5426\u6de1\u5316\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u4e0e\u8fbe\u5170\u8428\u62c9\u4e4b\u95f4\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u521b\u9020\u6761\u4ef6<\/span><\/strong>\u3002“\u6de1\u5316\u5386\u53f2”\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u6de1\u5316\u3001\u4e43\u81f3\u6401\u7f6e\u5173\u4e8e\u897f\u85cf\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u6211\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6d77\u5916\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u4ecd\u575a\u6301\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u65f6\u671f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6709\u5173\u897f\u85cf\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d\u548c“\u56fd\u5bb6”\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u4e0e\u4e2d\u571f\u653f\u6743\u4e4b\u95f4\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u95f4\u53ea\u5b58\u5728“\u4f9b\u65bd\u5173\u7cfb”\u800c\u5e76\u65e0\u81e3\u5c5e\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u8fd9\u662f<\/span>20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u4e43\u81f3<\/span>1959\u5e74\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u540e\u85cf\u4eba\u575a\u6301\u897f\u85cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a“\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6”\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5386\u53f2\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u7ae0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u6c49\u85cf\u5386\u53f2\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e4b\u8a00\u3002\u6211\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5fc3\u5f97\u5199\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\u5404\u76f8\u5173\u65b9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u671b\u85cf\u65cf\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u5168\u7136\u63a5\u53d7\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u53d9\u8ff0\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7406\u6027\u7684\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u65e2\u5f80\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u672c\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u777f\u667a\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7559\u5f85\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u5173\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65bd\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\u81ea\u6cbb\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u4e2d\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230“\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u65e0\u610f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8ba4\u77e5\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5bfb\u6c42\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u524d\u9014\u7684\u52aa\u529b”\u3002\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u5f88\u597d\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u95ee\u9898\u8bf4\u4e0d\u901a\u3001\u8c08\u4e0d\u62e2\uff0c\u5c31\u6682\u65f6\u6401\u7f6e\u3002\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u7559\u51fa\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53bb\u91cd\u65b0\u659f\u914c\u3002\u751a\u81f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002\u85cf\u6c49\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u5185\u90e8\u5404\u81ea\u91cd\u65b0\u68b3\u7406\u5386\u53f2\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u6027\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8fc7\u53bb\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u6027\u6216\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u7ec8\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u548c\u7edf\u4e00<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

\uff08\u5168\u6587\u8fde\u8f7d\u5b8c\uff09<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/span><\/p>\n\n


\n\n
\n\n\n\n
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[i]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u89c1\u62d9\u4f5c\u300a\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ed3\u6784\u6539\u9769\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8bbe\u60f3\u300b\uff0c\u6b64\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u4e8e\u300a\u771f\u8bdd\u6587\u8bba\u5468\u520a\u300b\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u540e\u6536\u5165\u62d9\u8457\u300a\u89e3\u6784\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bbe\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u7eb5\u6a2a\u8c08\u300b\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u6668\u949f\u4e66\u5c40<\/span>2009\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u9875<\/span>239~252\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[ii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u89c1\u62d9\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u6539\u9769\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u5168\u672c\uff09\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u516b\u4e2a\u5206\u62a5\u544a“\u5927\u56fd\u6cbb\u7406\uff1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7eb5\u5411\u6743\u529b\u6784\u6210\u7684\u53cc\u8f68\u5171\u548c\u5236”\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[iii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u65e9\u5728<\/span>1992\u5e74\uff0c\u6d41\u4ea1\u6d77\u5916\u7684\u8457\u540d\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8005\u4e25\u5bb6\u797a\u5c31\u66fe\u64b0\u5199\u300a\u8054\u90a6\u4e2d\u56fd\u6784\u60f3\u300b\uff0c\u5bf9\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b9e\u884c\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u8bc1\u3002<\/span>1993\u5e74\uff0c<\/span>20\u591a\u4f4d\u6d77\u5916\u534e\u4eba\u5b66\u8005\u9f50\u805a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6a80\u9999\u5c71\uff0c\u53ec\u5f00“\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u5baa\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u5b66\u672f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a”\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u8ba4\u540c\u8054\u90a6\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u8349\u62df\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u63a2\u8ba8\u6027\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u8349\u6848\u300b\u3002<\/span>1995\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd1<\/span>50\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u53c2\u52a0\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u4e1c\u4e9a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u53ec\u5f00\u7684“\u672a\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a”\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u518d\u6b21\u6210\u4e3a\u5171\u8bc6\u3002<\/span>  <\/span>\u76f4\u5230\u8fdb\u5165\u65b0\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684<\/span>2008\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u96f6\u516b\u5baa\u7ae0\u300b\u7684\u8d77\u8349\u8005\u4e5f\u4e3b\u5f20\u672a\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e94\u5b9e\u65bd“\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c”\uff0c“\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c\u56fd”\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[iv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u53c2\u89c1\u62d9\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u6539\u9769\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u5168\u672c\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>201~202\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[v]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>204~205\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[vi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u73b0\u884c\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0“\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u6784”\u7b2c\u516d\u8282“\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u5173”\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u767e\u4e00\u5341\u516d\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a“\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u6709\u6743\u4f9d\u7167\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u81ea\u6cbb\u6761\u4f8b\u548c\u5355\u884c\u6761\u4f8b\u3002\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u6761\u4f8b\u548c\u5355\u884c\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u62a5\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6279\u51c6\u540e\u751f\u6548\u3002”\u800c\u540c\u4e00\u90e8\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e94\u8282“\u5730\u65b9\u5404\u7ea7\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u5404\u7ea7\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c”\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u767e\u6761\u5219\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a“\u7701\u3001\u76f4\u8f96\u5e02\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5baa\u6cd5\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u884c\u653f\u6cd5\u89c4\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5236\u5b9a\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u6cd5\u89c4\uff0c\u62a5\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u5e38\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5907\u6848\u3002”\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u8981“\u6279\u51c6”\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u662f“\u5907\u6848”\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u73b0\u884c\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u9488\u5bf9\u6c49\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u548c\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u533a\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u523b\u610f\u5236\u9020\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff08\u89c1\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c\u5341\u8282\uff09\u3002\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728\u6b64\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[vii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u89c1\u300a\u5168\u4f53\u897f\u85cf\u6c11\u65cf\u5b9e\u73b0\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[viii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u89c1\u7b14\u8005\u8d77\u8349\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u7b2c\u4e09\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u8349\u6848\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0<\/span> <\/span>“\u56fd\u6c11\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u4e0e\u4e49\u52a1”<\/span> <\/span>\u7b2c\u516b\u6761“\u56fd\u6c11\u6709\u5c45\u4f4f\u53ca\u8fc1\u5f99\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u51fa\u5165\u5883\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6709\u4fdd\u7559\u6216\u653e\u5f03\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u7c4d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002”\u8f7d\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u6539\u9769\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u5168\u672c\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>371\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[ix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u6539\u9769\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u5168\u672c\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>182~183\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[x]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ea\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c42\u9762\u8bbe\u7acb\u5baa\u6cd5\u6cd5\u9662\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5e73\u63aa\u6c6a\u6770\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a“\u52a8\u7528\u519b\u961f\u9547\u538b\u53cd\u53db\u5e76\u8ba9\u519b\u961f\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u5145\u5f53\u8b66\u5bdf\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u9519\u8bef”\u3002“\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5baa\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u519b\u961f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u62c5\u4efb\u6cbb\u5b89\u4efb\u52a1<\/span>……\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u7531\u5404\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6cbb\u5b89\u90e8\u961f\u62c5\u4efb\u3002\u9a7b\u9632\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u519b\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e25\u683c\u5c0a\u91cd\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5b88\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u6761\u4f8b\u548c\u5355\u884c\u6cd5\u89c4\u3002<\/span>”\uff08\u89c1\u300a\u4e00\u4f4d\u85cf\u65cf\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\uff1a\u5df4\u5858\u4eba\u5e73\u63aa\u6c6a\u6770\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6daf\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>271\u3001<\/span>276~277\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c\u516d\u8282\u7b2c\u4e00\u767e\u4e8c\u5341\u6761\u548c\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u533a\u57df\u81ea\u6cbb\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u6761\u5747\u89c4\u5b9a“\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u5173\u4f9d\u7167\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u7ecf\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u672c\u5730\u65b9\u7ef4\u62a4\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u5b89\u7684\u516c\u5b89\u90e8\u961f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xiii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u8054\u5408\u56fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5168\u7403\u516c\u5171\u6743\u529b\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u6cd5\u62e5\u6709\u516c\u5171\u6743\u529b\u673a\u6784\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xiv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u65e9\u5728<\/span>2000\u5e74\u5c31\u5728\u9752\u85cf\u9ad8\u539f\u8179\u5730\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u4e09\u6c5f\u6e90\u81ea\u7136\u4fdd\u62a4\u533a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fdd\u62a4\u533a\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u8fbe<\/span>36.6\u4e07\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u9762\u79ef<\/span>15.3\u4e07\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u9762\u79ef\u6700\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4fdd\u62a4\u533a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u9ad8\u6d77\u62d4\u5730\u533a\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\u6700\u96c6\u4e2d\u548c\u751f\u6001\u6700\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xv]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u6539\u9769\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u5168\u672c\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>166~167\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xvi]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>171\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xvii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u9875<\/span>174\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xviii]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u6839\u636e\u7b14\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\u7531<\/span>100\u540d\u8bae\u5458\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c<\/span>50\u4e2a\u7701\u7ea7\u673a\u6784\u5404\u51fa\u4e24\u540d\u8bae\u5458\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6765\u85cf\u533a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5219\u85cf\u533a\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u540d\u8bae\u5458\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\uff1b\u800c\u5982\u679c\u85cf\u533a\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7701\u7ea7\u81ea\u6cbb\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709<\/span>6\u540d\u8bae\u5458\u8fdb\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u9662\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xix]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u5c31\u5185\u653f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c<\/span>2013\u5e74<\/span>11\u6708<\/span>12\u65e5\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u4e09\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u82e5\u5e72\u6539\u9769\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u300b\uff0c\u5728“\u5168\u9762\u6df1\u5316\u6539\u9769”\u3001“\u52a0\u5feb\u5b8c\u5584\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e02\u573a\u4f53\u7cfb”\u3001“\u52a0\u5feb\u8f6c\u53d8\u653f\u5e9c\u804c\u80fd”\u3001“\u6df1\u5316\u8d22\u7a0e\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769”\u3001“\u6784\u5efa\u5f00\u653e\u578b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b0\u4f53\u5236”\u3001“\u63a8\u8fdb\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u8bbe”\u3001“\u63a8\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u4e8b\u4e1a\u6539\u9769\u521b\u65b0”\u3001“\u521b\u65b0\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u7406\u4f53\u5236”\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u63a8\u51fa<\/span>60\u9879\u6539\u9769\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u88ab\u6d77\u5185\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u670b\u53cb\u5584\u610f\u5730\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5171\u65b0\u9886\u5bfc\u73ed\u5b50\u8981\u9510\u610f“\u5411\u524d\u8d70”\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670b\u53cb\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u6216\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u9769\u4e3e\u63aa\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u6240\u591a\u5e74\u547c\u5401\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u6267\u653f\u8005\u62d2\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5171\u73b0\u5b58\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u505a\u51fa\u6839\u672c\u6027\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5b89\u6392\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u987d\u56fa\u575a\u6301“\u7ea2\u8272\u6c5f\u5c71\u4e07\u4e16\u4e0d\u53d8”\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u9769\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd“\u8d70\u6837”\uff0c\u5b83\u6216\u662f\u4e00\u8f6e\u65b0\u7684\u8868\u6f14\u800c\u4e0d\u5177\u5b9e\u8d28\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6539\u9769\u4e3e\u63aa\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u53cd\u5012\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6743\u8d35\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u8d22\u5bcc\u518d\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cd\u5ea6\u764c\u53d8\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u5185\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4efb\u4f55\u4e25\u8083\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u529b\u91cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u7a00\u7f3a\uff0c\u800c\u5229\u7528\u6539\u9769\u8c0b\u4e00\u5df1\u79c1\u5229\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u65e9\u5df2\u76d8\u6839\u9519\u8282<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6539\u9769\u4fa5\u5e78\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u6539\u5584\u6c11\u751f\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6210\u4e3a“\u515a\u56fd\u4e2d\u5174”\u7684\u4f50\u8bc1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u8bed\u5883\u5185\uff0c\u6c11\u751f\u6539\u5584\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u597d\u4e8b\u5e76\u975e\u52a8\u6447\u3001\u800c\u662f\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u515a\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5b83\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u5728\u8bc1\u660e\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5b58\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u4e0e\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

[xx]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u65e9\u5728\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5e73\u63aa\u6c6a\u6770\u5c31\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u5e94\u8be5\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4ef7<\/span>1959\u5e74\u62c9\u8428\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u7531\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u4e3b\u6301\u7684\u665a\u5bb4\u4e0a\uff0c\u521a\u521a“\u5e73\u53cd”\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u5e73\u63aa\u6c6a\u6770\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u5408\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e00\u4e2a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u8c03\u67e5<\/span>1959\u5e74\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002“\u6211\u8bb2\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u70b9\u4e86\u70b9\u5934\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6ca1\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6c89\u9ed8\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u9884\u793a\u4e86\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8b\u4ef6”\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4f4d\u85cf\u65cf\u8001\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u6279\u5224\u3002\uff08\u89c1\u300a\u4e00\u4f4d\u85cf\u65cf\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\uff1a\u5df4\u5858\u4eba\u5e73\u63aa\u6c6a\u6770\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6daf\u300b\uff0c\u9875<\/span>270~271\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/strong><\/div>
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