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1959\u5e95\uff0c\u82a6\u9633\u9547\u897f\u6c5f\u6751\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u5404\u53bf\u7ea7\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u4e0b\u653e\u5e72\u90e8\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\u4e86“\u4e0b\u653e\u961f”\uff0c\u53f3\u6d3e\u4eec\u5c31\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e0b\u65b9\u961f\u4e0b\u5c5e\u7684\u5404\u5c0f\u961f\u5206\u522b\u76d1\u7ba1\u3002\u4e0b\u653e\u5e72\u90e8\u5176\u5b9e\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f“\u95ee\u9898\u5e72\u90e8”\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u6234\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7edf\u7edf\u5730\u53d1\u6cc4\u5728\u4e86\u53f3\u6d3e\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u6253\u9a82\u8650\u5f85\u4e0d\u7ed9\u996d\u5403\u53ef\u8c13\u53f8\u7a7a\u89c1\u60ef\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u6768\u6da6\u8eab\u96c6\u4e2d\u53f3\u6d3e\u4eec\u8bad\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u5929\u5927\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u79c1\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\u5f04\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b“\u5eb7\u590d\u6563”(\u7c73\u7ce0\u8c46\u9762\u6df7\u5408\u505a\u6210\u7684“\u4ee3\u98df\u54c1”)\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u8bad\u8bdd\u65f6\u56e0\u5b9e\u5728\u9965\u997f\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u62ff\u4e86\u4e9b\u6765\u5403\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\u79f0\u5403\u5eb7\u590d\u6563\u5c31\u662f“\u95f9\u7cae”\uff0c\u95f9\u7cae\u5c31\u662f\u53cd\u9769\u547d”\uff0c\u4ed6\u6293\u8d77\u4e00\u6761\u6241\u62c5\u5bf9\u7740\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u9635\u5288\u5934\u76d6\u8138\u7684\u731b\u6253\u3002\u674e\u5149\u660e\u88ab\u6253\u6655\u5728\u5730\uff0c\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u4ed6\u53c8\u6a2a\u8d77\u4e00\u6241\u62c5\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u6253\u5728\u5468\u514b\u4ec1\u80cc\u4e0a\uff0c\u5468\u75db\u7684\u5927\u53eb\u7740\u5012\u4e86\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u90a3\u6241\u62c5\u4ece\u5468\u7684\u80a9\u4e0a\u6ed1\u4e86\u8fc7\u6765\u6253\u5728\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u624b\u80cc\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u624b\u80cc\u4e0a\u7acb\u523b\u9686\u8d77\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u67a3\u5927\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5468\u5728\u524d\u9762\u5148\u6863\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u624b\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u88ab\u6253\u65ad\u7684\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u76f4\u7559\u5728\u6211\u5de6\u624b\u80cc\u4e0a\u81f3\u4eca\u4e5f\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u9000\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8840\u8165\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u771f\u5b9e\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4e00\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bd2\u98ce\u547c\u5578\uff0c\u6768\u6da6\u8eab\u547d\u4ee4\u9aa8\u7626\u5982\u6750\u7684\u53f3\u6d3e\u4eec\u997f\u7740\u809a\u5b50\u53bb\u5c71\u4e0a\u780d\u4f10\u6728\u6750\u3002\u53f3\u6d3e\u4eec\u50cf\u8d76\u9e2d\u5b50\u4e0a\u67b6\u4f3c\u7684\u88ab\u8d76\u4e0a\u5341\u51e0\u7c73\u7684\u5c71\u5761\uff0c\u6211\u56e0\u4e3a\u8eab\u4f53\u865a\u5f31\u52a0\u4e0a\u9965\u997f\u7ad9\u7acb\u4e0d\u7a33\u6ed1\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u7ffb\u6eda\u5760\u5730\u65f6\u5de6\u624b\u638c\u649e\u5728\u4e86\u780d\u5200\u5203\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u5373\u628a\u624b\u638c\u5212\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u4e03\u516b\u5398\u7c73\u957f\u6df1\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u53e3\u5b50\uff0c\u75bc\u75db\u96be\u5fcd\u9c9c\u8840\u76f4\u6d41\uff0c\u53bb\u533b\u9662\u7f1d\u4e86\u5341\u591a\u9488\uff0c\u5305\u624e\u4e86\u4f24\u53e3\u5c06\u624b\u540a\u5728\u8116\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002\u533b\u751f\u4e3a\u6211\u5f00\u4e86\u4f11\u606f\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u53ef\u521a\u56de\u5230\u4e0b\u653e\u961f\uff0c\u6768\u5c31\u5f3a\u8feb\u6211\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u53ea\u624b\u53bb\u642c\u8fd0\u6bcf\u5757\u91cd\u8fbe\u5341\u51e0\u65a4\u7684\u77f3\u5934\u586b\u623f\u57fa\uff0c\u5e76\u8fde\u58f0\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6b7b\u4e0d\u4e86\u3002”50\u591a\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u90a3\u6761\u4f24\u53e3\u8fd8\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u5730\u523b\u5728\u6211\u5de6\u624b\u638c\u4e0a\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u8f88\u5b50\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u6211\u56e0\u9965\u997f\u96be\u71ac\u91c7\u4e86\u8def\u8fb9\u7684\u91ce\u8349\u585e\u5230\u5634\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u4e2a\u53eb\u5218\u56db\u6d77\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5e72\u90e8\u5411\u4ed6\u6c47\u62a5\u4e86\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ed6\u7adf\u7136\u8bf4\u6211\u662f\u5728“\u95f9\u7cae”\u3002\u6263\u4e86\u6211\u665a\u4e0a\u62ff\u6765\u540a\u547d\u7684\u4e8c\u4e24\u7c73\u996d\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4f60\u65e2\u7136\u5403\u9971\u4e86\u91ce\u8349\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5403\u996d\u4e86\u3002”\u5f53\u665a\u6211\u5c31\u997f\u6655\u4e86\uff0c\u5012\u5728\u5730\u94fa\u4e0a\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u77e5\u89c9\uff0c\u7ecf\u65c1\u4eba\u53d1\u73b0\u53bb\u62a5\u544a\u4e86\u4e0b\u653e\u961f\u7684\u533b\u751f\u674e\u5143\u6770(\u5df2\u9000\u4f11\uff0c\u73b0\u4f4f\u6c49\u6e90\u53bf\u5bcc\u6797\u9547)\uff0c\u4ed6\u7acb\u5373\u7ed9\u6211\u6253\u4e86\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u9488\u628a\u6211\u6551\u4e86\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u8fdf\u5230\u5341\u6765\u5206\u949f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6551\u4e86\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u6768\u6da6\u8eab\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u6740\u4eba\u9b54\u9b3c\u8650\u5f85\u72c2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u4eec\u4ece\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8d81\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9965\u997f\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u624b\u4e2d\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u53f3\u6d3e\u65bd\u884c\u8fc7\u8bf1\u5978\u3002\u8fd9\u7edd\u975e\u4fe1\u53e3\u5f00\u6cb3\u662f\u6709\u7406\u53ef\u63a8\uff0c\u53ea\u56e0\u65e0\u4eba\u4eb2\u773c\u89c1\u5230\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6c38\u8fdc\u96be\u89e3\u7684\u8c1c\u56e2\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u4ece\u601d\u60f3\u5230\u5fc3\u7075\uff0c\u4ece\u7cbe\u795e\u5230\u8089\u4f53\uff0c\u53f3\u6d3e\u6240\u906d\u53d7\u7684\u82e6\u96be\u5b9e\u662f\u7f44\u7af9\u96be\u4e66\u3002\u76f4\u52301962\u5e74\u521d\u4e0b\u653e\u961f\u89e3\u6563\u65f6\uff0c\u56db\u5e74\u591a\u6765\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53f3\u6d3e\u88ab\u6298\u78e8\u81f4\u6b7b\u5df2\u5341\u6709\u516b\u4e5d\uff0c\u5e78\u5b58\u8005\u4ec5\u4e09\u4eba\uff1a\u6211\u3001\u8d75\u5ef6\u67f1\u3001\u90dd\u5e0c\u7ed3\u3002\u548c\u6211\u540c\u4e00\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u8d75\u53d4\u6a21\u88ab\u5212\u4e3a\u53f3\u6d3e\u540e\u505c\u53d1\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u65e0\u94b1\u5bc4\u56de\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5411\u6211\u501f\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5355\u8eab\u6c49\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e9b\u79ef\u84c4\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u501f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5143\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4ed6\u60b2\u60e8\u5730\u6b7b\u53bb\u4e5f\u6ca1\u8fd8\u6211\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u6b7b\u7684\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u4eb2\u773c\u89c1\u5230\uff0c\u53ea\u542c\u8bf4\u4ed6\u5728\u5934\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u5ffd\u7136\u5931\u8e2a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u6b7b\u5728\u8def\u8fb9\u7684\u6c34\u6c9f\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u53e3\u6c14\u559d\u4e0b\u4e24\u65a4\u70c8\u9152\u9152\u7cbe\u4e2d\u6bd2\u8eab\u4ea1\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u5c38\u4f53\u65c1\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a7a\u9152\u74f6\uff0c\u53e3\u9f3b\u91cc\u8fd8\u6563\u53d1\u7740\u6d53\u6d53\u7684\u9152\u5473\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u767d\u9152\u5728\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u6839\u672c\u4e70\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u9ed1\u5e02\u9152\u8d35\u5f97\u60ca\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e73\u65f6\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e0d\u559d\u9152\u3002\u90a3\u9152\u662f\u54ea\u513f\u5f04\u6765\u7684\u53c8\u6210\u4e86\u96be\u89e3\u4e4b\u8c1c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u8d75\u5ef6\u67f1\u56e0\u6458\u4e86\u5e3d\u5b50\u6210\u4e86“\u6458\u5e3d\u53f3\u6d3e\u4efd\u5b50”\uff0c\u5206\u5230\u4e86\u5c71\u533a\u5c0f\u5b66\u6559\u4e66(\u6211\u88ab\u5206\u5230\u592a\u5e73\u5c0f\u5b66)\uff0c\u5de5\u8d44\u964d\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\u7ea7\u6bcf\u670821\u5143\uff0c\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u5de5\u8d44\u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6c38\u8fdc\u53d7\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u4e8c\u7b49\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u4e00\u6709\u98ce\u5439\u8349\u52a8\u9996\u5148\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u6597\u4e89\u5bf9\u8c61(“\u6587\u9769”\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u53c8\u518d\u6b21\u906d\u96be\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u59d1\u4e14\u4e0d\u63d0)\u3002\u90dd\u5e0c\u6d01\u5c1a\u672a\u6458\u5e3d\uff0c\u5b89\u63d2\u5728\u82a6\u5c71\u53bf\u6797\u573a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u540e\u75c5\u6b7b\u4e8e\u6797\u573a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5bb6\u7834\u4eba\u4ea1\u3001\u59bb\u79bb\u5b50\u6563\u3001\u6700\u540e\u88ab\u6d3b\u6d3b\u6298\u78e8\u81f4\u6b7b(\u7edf\u79f0“\u75c5\u6b7b”)\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u4e0b\u5c42\u53f3\u6d3e\u4efd\u5b50\u7684\u60b2\u60e8\u7ed3\u5c40\uff0c\u56db\u5e74\u591a\u6765\u53f3\u6d3e\u4eec\u5728\u90a3\u4eba\u95f4\u5730\u72f1\u4e2d\u82e6\u71ac\u7740\uff0c\u8fc7\u7740\u725b\u9a6c\u4e0d\u5982\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u5e86\u6e23\u6ed3\u6d1e\u3001\u767d\u516c\u9986\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0a\u9976\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\uff0c\u90a3\u7b97\u5f97\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u6298\u4e0d\u6263\u7684\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u5965\u65af\u7ef4\u8f9b\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ffb\u7248!<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u7136\u800c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e2d\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u5374\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e00\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u7684\uff1a“1957\u5e74\u7684\u53cd\u53f3\u6597\u4e89\u5f88\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u72af\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u6269\u5927\u5316\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7ed9\u5927\u6279\u77e5\u8bc6\u4efd\u5b50\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e00\u4ee3\u77e5\u8bc6\u4efd\u5b50\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u548c\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e0a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5982\u6b64\u60ca\u5fc3\u52a8\u9b44\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u8fd9\u5be5\u5be5\u6570\u8bed\u8f7b\u63cf\u6de1\u5199\u5730\u505a\u4e86\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u5927\u4e8b\u5316\u5c0f\uff0c\u5c0f\u4e8b\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u5766\u5766\u7136\u4e0d\u60ca\u4e0d\u5947\uff0c\u906e\u906e\u63a9\u63a9\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u60b2\u54c0?\u53cd\u53f3\u6597\u4e89\u4e4b\u540e20\u591a\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u53f3\u6d3e\u4eec\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5f97\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\uff1a“\u6539\u6b63”(\u800c\u4e0d\u662f“\u5e73\u53cd”)\uff0c\u6765\u4e2a“\u4e00\u98ce\u5439”\u4e07\u4e8b\u5927\u5409\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e9\u5df2\u6210\u4e86\u51a4\u9b3c\u7684\u6570\u5341\u4e07\u8ba1\u7684“\u53f3\u6d3e”\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e5d\u6cc9\u4e4b\u4e0b\u80fd\u7791\u76ee\u5417?\u90a3\u4e9b\u4fa5\u5e78\u6d3b\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5982\u6211\u8f88\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u8bf4“\u5f80\u4e8b\u5982\u70df”\u5417?<\/span><\/p>\r\n

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\u5f80\u4e8b\u7edd\u4e0d\u5982\u70df\uff01<\/span>
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