{"id":47268,"date":"2015-05-25T03:11:00","date_gmt":"2015-05-25T03:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=47268 "},"modified":"2015-05-25T03:11:00","modified_gmt":"2015-05-25T03:11:00","slug":"47268-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=47268","title":{"rendered":"\u4e01\u5b66\u826f\uff1a\u8bfb\u4f9d\u636e\u82cf\u4fc4\u6863\u6848\u7684\u65b0\u7248\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4f20\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.9999980926514px; text-align: center; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>\u4e0a\uff1a\u7ecf\u65af\u5927\u6797\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7406\u89e3\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p style=\"color: #333333; 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font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.9999980926514px; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\">\u8c01\u523a\u6fc0\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6210\u4e3a&#8220;\u9886\u8896\u52a0\u5bfc\u5e08&#8221;\uff1f<\/p><p style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.9999980926514px; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\">&nbsp;<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/UploadCenter\/ArticlePics\/2015\/21\/20155257.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"252\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p><div>\u300a\u6bdb\u4f20\u300b\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u8fd1\u767e\u5e74\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5e9e\u6742\uff1b\u6211\u4ec5\u9009\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5730\u8bfb\u8005\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u805a\u7126\u4e4b\u70b9\u505a\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4ecb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7126\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u6bdb\u4e3a\u4f55\u90a3\u4e48\u7528\u529f\u8d39\u529b\uff0c\u8981\u5927\u6811\u7279\u6811\u81ea\u5df1&#8220;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u9886\u8896\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5bfc\u5e08&#8221;\uff1f<\/div><p style=\"color: #333333; 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font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.9999980926514px; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\">\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u7684\u6545\u4e61\u6df1\u53d7\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4fb5\u67d3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5e38\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u80cc\u666f\uff08 Robert Service, Stalin:\uff21Biography MacMillan Publishers, 2004, Part1\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u6b64\u540e\u5728\u515a\u5185\u6597\u4e89\u548c\u7edf\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u56fd\u6559\u7684\u7279\u8272\u5f88\u6d53\u539a\u3002<\/p><p style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; 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font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.9999980926514px; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\">\u7edd\u975e\u5de7\u5408\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u56db\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u63a8\u51fa&#8220;\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4e2d\u56fd&#8221;\u7eb2\u8981\u7684\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u4f53\u5236\u5185\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u7684\u5f00\u660e\u4eba\u58eb\u5927\u58f0\u75be\u547c&#8220;\u5baa\u6cd5\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4e00\u5207&#8221;\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\uff0c2014\u5e749\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u7ea2\u65d7\u6587\u7a3f\u300b\u520a\u53d1\u4e86\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u575a\u6301\u4eba\u6c11\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8f93\u7406\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u79f0\u56fd\u9645\u9886\u57df\u548c\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7184\u706d\u7684\uff1b\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u56fd\u5185\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e13\u653f\u662f\u4e07\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u6d88\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u575a\u6301\u3001\u5de9\u56fa\u3001\u5f3a\u5927\u3002<\/p><p style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.9999980926514px; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\">\u6b64\u6587\u4e00\u53d1\u6d77\u5185\u5916\u54d7\u7136\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7167\u5b83\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u6f14\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u529b\u9f13\u5439\u4ee5\u6cd5\u6cbb\u539f\u5219\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e13\u653f\u539f\u5219\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u654c\u5bf9\u52bf\u529b\u5728\u8bd5\u56fe\u63a8\u7ffb\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a&#8220;\u4e13\u653f&#8221;\u624d\u662f\u7ef4\u7a33\u7684\u4e0d\u4e8c\u6cd5\u5b9d\uff0c\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4e25\u660e\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u9707\u64bc\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u90a3\u51e0\u53e5\u540d\u8a00\uff1a&#8220;\u4e13\u653f\u5c31\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u884c\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u6765\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002&#8221;&#8220;\u4e13\u653f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u3001\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u3001\u8840\u8165\u7684\u5b57\u773c&#8230;&#8230;\u4f60\u6b7b\u6211\u6d3b\u7684\u65e0\u60c5\u6597\u4e89&#8221;\uff08\u300a\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u7b2c23\u5377\u7b2c64\u9875\uff1b\u7b2c30\u5377\u7b2c322\u9875\uff09\u3002\u82cf\u5171&#8220;\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e89\u5f97\u4e13\u653f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u4e13\u653f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5de9\u56fa\u4e13\u653f\u5e76\u6269\u5927\u4e13\u653f&#8221;\uff08\u300a\u65af\u5927\u6797\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c\u7b2c6\u5377\u7b2c157\u9875\uff09\u3002<\/p><p style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.9999980926514px; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\">\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e13\u653f\u539f\u5219\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u70ed\u5ff1\u7684\u5f15\u8fdb\u8005\u3001\u63a8\u5e7f\u8005\u3001\u5de9\u56fa\u8005\u3001\u6269\u5927\u8005\uff0c\u521a\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u4e13\u8457\u5bf9\u6b64\u6709\u6781\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6790\uff08Andrew Walder, China Under Mao: A Revolution Derailed. Harvard University Press, 2015\uff09\u3002\u867d\u7136 &#8220;\u4e13\u653f&#8221;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u5b98\u65b9\u5ba3\u4f20\u6bcf\u65e5\u91cd\u7533\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u9047\u4e0a\u51e0\u7c7b&#8220;\u5f71\u54cd\u7a33\u5b9a&#8221;\u7684\u4e8b\u6001\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5904\u7f6e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5374\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86&#8220;\u4e13\u653f&#8221;\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u97e7\u6027\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u7ef4\u7a33\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa &#8220;\u4e13\u653f&#8221;\u539f\u5219\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8981\u7d20\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u6709\u751f\u547d\u529b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u539f\u5219\u4e0e\u4e13\u653f\u539f\u5219\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u6469\u64e6\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u5f88\u591a\u5e74\u3002<\/p><p style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 23.9999980926514px; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;\"><em>\u3010\u4f5c\u8005\u6ce8\u3011\u6f58\u4f50\u592b \u3001\u6881\u601d\u6587 \u300a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\uff1a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b \uff08Alexander Pantsov and Steven Levine, MAO: The Real Story\uff09\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff0c\u8054\u7ecf\u516c\u53f85\u6708\u53d1\u884c\u3002<\/em><\/p><div><em><br \/><\/em><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e0a\uff1a\u7ecf\u65af\u5927\u6797\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7406\u89e3\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd \u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c&#8220;\u4e16\u754c\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba&#8221;\uff0c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-thought","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=47268"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47268\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=47268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=47268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=47268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}