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style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684&#8220;\u72c2\u98d9\u7a81\u8fdb\u8fd0\u52a8&#8221;\uff08sturm und drang\uff09\u4e2d\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\u5d07\u5c1a\u539f\u59cb\u6734\u5b9e\u7684\u7f8e\u5fb7\u3001\u7c97\u65f7\u65e0\u5e8f\u3001\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u8d6b\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Johann Herder\uff0c 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Putsch\uff09\u548c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u82f1\u96c4\u970d\u65af\u7279&#183;\u5a01\u585e\u5c14\uff08Horst 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Kolakowski\uff09\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u7531&#8220;\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u6743\u529b&#8221;\uff08total power\uff09\u6240\u7ef4\u6301\u7684&#8220;\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001&#8221;\uff08total 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school\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u5236\u662f8\u5e74\u30021939\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u6218\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u63d0\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u53c2\u519b\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97Notabitur\u7684\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08\u4e0d\u5982Abitur\u90a3\u4e48\u6b63\u89c4\uff09\u3002\u6218\u540e\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u4e0d\u518d\u627f\u8ba4\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/div><div><\/div><div><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">1933\u5e74\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u53d6\u5f97\u653f\u6743\u540e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u56de\u6536\u9b4f\u739b\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u5316\u4f5c\u7eb8\u6d46\uff0c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u6750\u671d\u4ee4\u5915\u6539\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u957f\u9c81\u65af\u7279\uff08Bernhard 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style=\"font-size: 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Mann\uff09\uff0c\u96f7\u9a6c\u514b\uff08Erich Maria Remarque\uff09\u3001\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u548c\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u975e\u72b9\u592a\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6770\u514b&#183;\u4f26\u6566\u3001\u6d77\u660e\u5a01\u3001\u8f9b\u514b\u83b1&#183;\u5218\u6613\u65af\uff08Sinclair Lewis\uff09\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5a01\u5c14\u65af\uff08H. G. Wells\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a&#8220;\u5815\u843d\u4f5c\u5bb6&#8221;\uff1b\u76f2\u4eba\u5973\u4f5c\u5bb6\u51ef\u52d2\uff08Helen Keller 1880-1968\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e5f\u5728\u88ab\u7981\u4e4b\u5217\u3002<\/span><\/div><div><\/div><div><span style=\"font-size: 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style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u5728\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6cd5\u5219\u300b\u8fd9\u7bc72000\u5b57\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u300a\u6211\u7684\u594b\u6597\u300b\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6307\u793a\u5c31\u67097\u5904\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5904\u8868\u660e\u9875\u7801\u51fa\u5904\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b66\u751f\u67e5\u9605\u3002\u6559\u6750\u901a\u7bc7\u8d2f\u7a7f\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u7528&#8220;\u7ec6\u83cc&#8221;\u6bd4\u55bb\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3002\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u591a\u6b21\u79f0\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ec6\u83cc\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u79f0\u8d5e\u6cd5\u56fd\u5927\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7\uff08Louis Pasteur 1822-1895\uff09\u5bf9\u7ec6\u83cc\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u73b0\uff08\u4e8e1862\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\uff09\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f57\u4f2f\u3002\u79d1\u970d\uff08Robert Koch 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1933\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u7eb3\u7cb9\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u662f&#8220;\u70ed\u8840\u9752\u5e74&#8221;\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6885\u6d85\u514b\uff08Friedrich Meineche\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u70ed\u8840\u9752\u5e74\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff0c&#8220;\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u65e0\u77e5\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f&#8216;\u62bd\u8c61\u601d\u7ef4\u538b\u6291\u7684&#8217;\u5de5\u5177\u4eba\uff08home 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Frank\uff09\u8bf4\uff1a\u53d6\u5f97\u653f\u6743\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8981\u786e\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u529b\uff0c\u5149\u9760\u70ed\u8840\u9752\u5e74\u5df2\u7ecf\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u591f\u4e86\uff0c&#8220;\u4e3a\u4e86\u8981\u53d6\u5f97\u6587\u5316\u6218\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u5168\u9762\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u515a\u5fc5\u987b\u8981&#8221;\u62e5\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u6b66\u5668\uff0c&#8230;&#8230;\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u591a\u5e74\u6218\u6597\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u518d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6280\u80fd&#8220;\u3002[xxxvii]&#8221;\u5386\u53f2&#8220;\u4fbf\u662f\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e00\u79cd&#8221;\u7cbe\u795e\u6b66\u5668&#8220;\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u56e0\u7d20\u548c\u539f\u5219\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u878d\u5408\u5230\u5b83\u6240\u6539\u5199\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u7279\u522b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5ba3\u4f20\u7eb3\u7cb9\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6539\u5199\u6210\u4e3a\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u9002\u8005\u751f\u5b58\u53f2\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf&#8221;\u6587\u9769&#8220;\u4e2d\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6539\u5199\u6210&#8221;\u5112\u6cd5\u6597\u4e89\u53f2&#8220;\u548c&#8221;\u4e24\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u6597\u4e89\u53f2&#8220;\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u5386\u53f2\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u653e\u5728&#8221;\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u3001\u751f\u65e5\u3001\u59d3\u540d\u7b49\u7b49\u4e0a&#8220;\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u628a\u76ee\u5149\u653e\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u7684&#8221;\u5927\u800c\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8109\u7edc&#8220;\u4e0a\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u7eb3\u7cb9\u653f\u6743\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u8981&#8221;\u7cbe\u7b80\uff08\u5386\u53f2\uff09\u6750\u6599&#8220;\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u5386\u53f2\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u5730&#8221;\u4e86\u89e3\u8fc7\u53bb&#8220;\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86&#8221;\u5bfb\u627e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6559\u5458&#8220;\u3002\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c&#8221;\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u5386\u53f2\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#8220;\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u4e3b\u7ba1\u673a\u6784\u79ef\u6781\u914d\u5408\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u6559\u6750\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u529f\u80fd\uff0c1939\u5e74\u5e1d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7ed9\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u7f16\u5199\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u660e\u786e\u6307\u793a\u662f\uff1a\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u5728\u5bf9\u5f85\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u505a\u5230\u4f7f\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u4eba\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u90a3\u4e9b\u80c6\u6562\u6279\u8bc4\u56fd\u793e\u515a\u7684\u4eba\u95ed\u4e0a\u5634\u5df4\u3002[xxxviii] 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Wilhelm 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style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u63cf\u7ed8\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u4e13\u4e1a\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u53c2\u4e0e\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6c49\u65af&#183;\u7f57\u7279\u8d39\u5c14\u65af\uff08Hans 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Wessel\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e8e1930\u5e74\u88ab\u6740\u540e\uff0c\u88ab\u8ffd\u6388\u4e3a\u7eb3\u7cb9\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\uff09\u3001\u8bfa\u5e93\u65af\uff08Herbert Norkus\uff0c\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u9752\u5e74\u56e2\u5458\u6977\u6a21\uff0c\u906d\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6740\u5bb3\u7684\u70c8\u58eb\uff09\u3001\u65bd\u62c9\u683c\u7279\uff08Albert Leo Schlagete\uff0c\u7231\u56fd\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u88ab\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u6740\u5bb3\uff09\u3001\u5965\u6258&#183;\u7231\u5fb7\u534e&#183;\u97e6\u8fea\u6839\uff08Otto Eduard Weddigen\uff0c1882-1915\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u6d77\u519b\u4e0a\u5c09\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u65f6\u62c5\u4efb\u8fc7\u6f5c\u8247\u8230\u957f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u6d77\u6218\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e00\u8258\u6f5c\u8247\u51fb\u6c89\u654c\u65b9\u4e09\u8258\u88c5\u7532\u5de1\u6d0b\u8230\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u6218\u6597\u82f1\u96c4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\uff0c\u5229\u8328\u66fc\u5c06\u519b\uff08Karl Litzman\uff0c\u5148\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u5c06\u519b\uff0c\u540e\u4e3a\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5c06\u519b\uff0c\u4ee51914\u5e74\u5728\u6ce2\u5170\u7684\uff1f&#243;d\uff1f\u6218\u6597\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u53f7\u79f0Bschesiny\u96c4\u72ee\uff09\uff0c\u8428\u666e&#183;\u82f1\u5948\u8003\u592b\u52d2\uff08Sepp Innerkopfler\uff0c\u5965\u5730\u5229\u519b\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u5728\u4e0e\u610f\u5927\u5229\u519b\u961f\u4e89\u593aMonte Paterno\u7684\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\u727a\u7272\uff09\uff0c\u66fc\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\uff1f\u963f\u5c14\u5e03\u96f7\u5e0c\u7279\uff1f\u51af\uff1f\u91cc\u5e0c\u7279\u970d\u82ac\u7537\u7235\uff08Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen\uff0c1892-1918\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u738b\u724c\u4e2d\u738b\u724c\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u98de\u884c\u5458\uff0c\u5171\u51fb\u843d80\u67b6\u654c\u673a\u4e4b\u591a\uff09\u3002[xlii]\u5728\u7eb3\u7cb9\u515a\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u515a\u56fd\u7684&#8220;\u70c8\u58eb&#8221;\u548c&#8220;\u6a21\u8303&#8221;\u4e0e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u82f1\u96c4\u4e00\u8d77\u5e76\u5217\uff0c\u51f8\u663e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u3002\u515a\u56fd\u82f1\u96c4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u515a\u4f5c\u51fa\u91cd\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u7406\u5e94\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u4f1f\u4eba\u540c\u6837\u4eab\u53d7\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u5d07\u656c\u548c\u7231\u6234\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u515a\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u515a\u5316\u5ba3\u4f20\u6240\u5171\u540c\u575a\u6301\u7684\u3002\u7eb3\u7cb9\u82f1\u96c4\u5316\u3001\u53f2\u8bd7\u5316\u548c\u6d6a\u6f2b\u620f\u5267\u5316\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6210\u4e3a\u515a\u56fd\u6587\u827a\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u9898\u6750\u548c\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002\u5fb7\u8bed\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u91cc\u8bb8\u591a\u8bfe\u6587\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u515a\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u628a\u8bed\u6587\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u8bfe\u5916\u8bfb\u7269\uff09\u4e0e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u9886\u8896\u548c\u82f1\u96c4\u4e8b\u8ff9\u7ed3\u5408\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u6587\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u603b\u662f\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u6fc0\u60c5\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u548c\u8c6a\u8a00\u58ee\u8bed\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u3001\u6a21\u4eff\u548c\u590d\u5236\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u5047\u5927\u7a7a\u7684\u516c\u5171\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u513f\u7ae5\u8bfb\u7269\u300a\u770b\u4e16\u754c\u300b\uff08Guck in die 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Leo 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style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u50cf\u65bd\u62c9\u683c\u7279\u82f1\u52c7\u5c31\u4e49\u8fd9\u6837\u7684&#8220;\u5386\u53f2&#8221;\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u7eb3\u7cb9\u795e\u8bdd\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684&#8220;\u732e\u8eab&#8221;\u662f\u7eb3\u7cb9&#8220;\u653f\u6cbb\u6551\u4e16\u4e3b\u4e49&#8221;\uff08political 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Krieck\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u6700\u663e\u8981\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\uff09\u52a9\u624b\u7684\u970d\u5c14\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Andreas 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style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u9752\u5e74\u56e2\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301922\u5e74\uff0c\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u5f53\u65f6\u8981\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fb7\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\u515a\uff08NSDA\uff09\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u8fd0\u52a8\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u51b2\u950b\u961f\uff08SA\uff09\uff0c1922\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u793e\u5fb7\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\u515a\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u56e2\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u5b83\u7531\u5170\u514b\uff08Gustav Adolf Lenk\uff09\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u4e3a\u65f6\u4e0d\u957f\uff0c\u53ea\u7ef4\u6301\u52301923\u5e74\u7684\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u5564\u9152\u5c4b\u653f\u53d8\u30021925\u5e74\uff0c\u5e93\u5c14\u7279&#183;\u683c\u9c81\u4f2f\uff08Kurt 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