{"id":4864,"date":"2008-05-24T18:32:00","date_gmt":"2008-05-24T18:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=4864 "},"modified":"2008-05-24T18:32:00","modified_gmt":"2008-05-24T18:32:00","slug":"4864-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=4864","title":{"rendered":"\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u7d2b\u576a\u94fa\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u56db\u5ddd\u6c76\u5ddd\u5927\u5730\u9707"},"content":{"rendered":"
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One of the precepts of the engineering geologist ist never take anything for granted in site studies for enineering works; this especially so for dam site.

Legget, R.F., Hatheway, A.W.: Geology und Engineering, p. 362

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\u5730\u9707\u5b66\u8005\u7ecf\u5bf9\u8be5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u5e9f\u6c34\u6ce8\u5165\u91cf\u548c\u5730\u9707\u6b21\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\uff11\uff19\uff16\uff14\u5e74\u521d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u5730\u9707\u540e\uff0c\u5728\uff11\uff19\uff16\uff14\u5e74\u5730\u9707\u6b21\u6570\u5927\u4e3a\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u5728\uff11\uff19\uff16\uff15\u5e74\u53c8\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5927\u5730\u9707\uff0c\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5e9f\u6c34\u6392\u5165\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u538b\u529b\u7684\u52a0\u5927\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u6df1\u4e95\u4e2d\u52a0\u5927\u6c34\u538b\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\u8fdb\u5165\u5730\u4e0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u88c2\u7f1d\u548c\u88c2\u9699\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7684\u6c34\u538b\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e86\u5ca9\u77f3\u7684\u6297\u526a\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5ca9\u77f3\u7684\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6c34\u6d41\u6cbf\u7740\u5fae\u88c2\u9699\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u6c34\u53c8\u4ea7\u751f\u6da6\u6ed1\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u957f\u671f\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5730\u58f3\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u5f62\u53d8\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u5f62\u53d8\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6ed1\u52a8\u548c\u5730\u9707\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7684\u6c34\u538b\u4fc3\u4f7f\u7ed3\u6784\u5e94\u529b\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u3002\u4e39\u4f5b\u5730\u9707\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u9707\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u6c34\u5728\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002

\uff32\uff21\uff2e\uff27\uff25\uff2c\uff39\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u5730\u9707\u8bd5\u9a8c

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3.2\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u4e0e\u6c34\u5e93\u575d\u9ad8\/\u84c4\u6c34\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb

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\u4fee\u5efa\u9ad8\u575d\u6c34\u5e93\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u662f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u5982\uff33\uff29\uff2d\uff30\uff33\uff2f\uff2e\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u201c\u5927\u578b\u6c34\u5e93\u201d\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0e\u201d

\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u539f\u82cf\u8054\u7684\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u6c34\u5e93\u5927\u575d\uff08\uff13\uff11\uff17\u7c73\uff09\u3002\uff11\uff19\uff17\uff12\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u5ea7\u6c34\u575d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u9020\u6210\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u5730\u9707\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5176\u5468\u56f4\u3002


3.3\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u4e0e\u6c34\u5e93\u84c4\u6c34\u7684\u5173\u7cfb

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\u539f\u6765\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6c34\u5e93\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u84c4\u6c34\u65f6\u6216\u5728\u6ee1\u6c34\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u624d\u53d1\u751f\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u6c34\u5e93\u5728\u628a\u6c34\u653e\u7a7a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u84c4\u6c34\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5730\u9707\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\uff36\uff2f\uff27\uff2c\uff21\uff2e\uff33\u6c34\u5e93\u575d\u9ad8\uff11\uff11\uff10\u7c73\uff0c\u84c4\u6c34\u91cf\u4e3a\uff16\uff0e\uff10\uff15\u4ebf\u7acb\u65b9\u7c73\uff0c\u6c34\u5e93\u5728\uff11\uff19\uff16\uff18\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u84c4\u6c34\uff0c\uff11\uff19\uff16\uff19\u5e74\uff11\uff11\u6708\u84c4\u6ee1\u6c34\u3002\u4ece\uff11\uff19\uff17\uff10\u5e74\uff11\uff11\u6708\u5230\uff11\uff19\uff17\uff11\u5e74\uff13\u6708\uff0c\u628a\u6c34\u5e93\u4e2d\u90e8\u4efd\u6c34\u6392\u653e\u6389\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u84c4\u6c34\uff0c\u5728\uff11\uff19\uff17\uff11\u5e74\uff16\u6708\u53c8\u5c06\u6c34\u84c4\u6ee1\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u6c34\u84c4\u6ee1\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\uff16\u6708\uff12\uff11\u65e5\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9707\u7ea7\u4e3a\uff14\uff0e\uff15\u7ea7\u7684\u5730\u9707\u3002\u5728\uff16\u6708\uff12\uff11\u65e5\u5230\uff17\u6708\uff12\u65e5\uff0c\u5171\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\uff12\uff10\u4f59\u6b21\u5730\u9707\u3002\u9707\u4e2d\u5728\u6c34\u5e93\u4e1c\u5357\uff15\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5730\u9707\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002(Goldsmith, 112-113)

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\u8fd8\u6709\u73b0\u8c61\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u5e93\u6c34\u4f4d\u964d\u4f4e\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5730\u9707\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5728\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e93\u7684\u6c34\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c31\u589e\u52a0\u3002

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3.4\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5173\u7cfb

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\u56db\u3001\u6c34\u5e93\u8bf1\u53d1\u5730\u9707\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u65b0\u8bfe\u9898

NED ROZELL, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Geophysical Institute

No one knows how local seisnmic faults will react to the incredible mass of water behind Three Gorges Dam. Like heavy snow on an overloaded roof, the weight of water blocked by dams can cause existing cracks in Earth\\’s crust to slip, resulting in earthquake. Faults tend to slip more ofen when a nearby giant reservoir is filled with water.

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