{"id":4974,"date":"2008-06-03T17:56:07","date_gmt":"2008-06-03T17:56:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=4974 "},"modified":"2008-06-03T17:56:07","modified_gmt":"2008-06-03T17:56:07","slug":"4974-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=4974","title":{"rendered":"\u53d1\u5c55\u653f\u515a\u6c9f\u901a-\u653f\u515a\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u89c2\u70b9\uff08\u4e0a\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<P><STRONG><FONT size=3>\u653f\u515a\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u89c2\u70b9<BR>\u53d1\u5c55\u653f\u515a\u6c9f\u901a<BR>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u76ae\u5e15&#8226;\u8bfa\u745e\u65af\u3014Pippa Norris\u3015<\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/P>\r\n<P><STRONG><FONT size=3>\u76ee\u5f55<\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/P>\r\n<P><STRONG><FONT size=3>\u5e8f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1<BR>\u5173\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2<BR>\u53d1\u5c55\u653f\u515a\u6c9f\u901a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u653f\u515a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u804c\u80fd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 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\u5168\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u5b66\u4f1a\u611f\u8c22\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u7f72\uff08U.S.Agency for International Development \uff0cUSAID\uff09\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u7f72\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u9879\u76ee\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8d44\u91d1\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff1aKenneth Wollack<BR>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u52a9\u7406\uff0c\u653f\u515a\u9879\u76ee\u4e3b\u4efb\uff1a\u7231\u6587&#8226;\u675c\u5c14\u63d0\uff08Ivan Doherty\uff09<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><STRONG><FONT size=3>\u5173\u4e8e\u4f5c\u8005<\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp; \u76ae\u5e15&#8226;\u8bfa\u745e\u65af\u662f\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7ea6\u7ff0&#8226;F&#8226;\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u653f\u5e9c\u5b66\u9662\u6bd4\u8f83\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66McGuire\u8bb2\u5e08\u3002\u5979\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u5927\u7ea6\u4e09\u56db\u5341\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u6743\u5229\uff1a\u653f\u515a\u548c\u9009\u4e3e\u7ade\u4e89\u300b\uff08Radical Right: Parties and Electoral Competition\uff0c2005\uff09\u3001\u300a\u795e\u5723\u4e0e\u4e16\u4fd7\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\uff08Sacred and Secular: Religion and Politics Worldwide\uff0c2004\uff09\u548c\u300a\u9009\u4e3e\u5de5\u7a0b\uff1a\u6295\u7968\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u4e3a\u300b\uff08Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior\uff0c2004\uff09\u3002\u8bfa\u745e\u65af\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u6784\u4e2d\u62c5\u4efb\u4e13\u5bb6\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u3001\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u6b27\u6d32\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e0e\u9009\u4e3e\u534f\u52a9\u7814\u7a76\u6240(International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance\uff0cIDEA)\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff08National Endowment for Democracy\uff09\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u9009\u4e3e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08United Kingdom Electoral Commission\uff09\u3002\u5979\u8fd8\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u4f1a\uff08American Political Science Association\uff09\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a(International Political Science Association)\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u3002\u8bfa\u745e\u65af\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u9662\uff08London School of Economics\uff09\u62ff\u5230\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n<P><STRONG><FONT size=3>\u53d1\u5c55\u653f\u515a\u6c9f\u901a<\/FONT><\/STRONG><\/P>\r\n<P><FONT size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 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20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u897f\u6b27\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u9009\u4e3e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u90fd\u5f3a\u8c03\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u515a\u5fe0\u8bda\u6302\u94a9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u674e\u666e\u585e\u7279\uff08Seymour Martin Lipset\uff09\u548c\u7f57\u574e\uff08Stein Rokkan\uff09\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7406\u8bba\u5f3a\u8c03\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u653f\u515a\u4ece\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u90e8\u95e8\u4e2d\u5438\u5f15\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u9636\u7ea7\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5206\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9009\u4e3e\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u7840\u3002\uff085\uff09\u7531\u4fdd\u7f57&#8226;\u62c9\u624e\u65af\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08Paul Lazarsfeld\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u4e8b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u7ade\u9009\u6c9f\u901a\u7814\u7a76\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u9009\u4e3e\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u515a\u6d3e\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5236\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\uff086\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u7531\u5965\u53e4\u65af&#8226;\u574e\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08Angus Campbell\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u4e8b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u9009\u4e3e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3b\u5f20\uff1a\u591a\u6570\u516c\u6c11\u662f\u7531\u4ee3\u8868\u6301\u4e45\u5fe0\u8bda\u6216\u201c\u56fa\u5b9a\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u201d\u7684\u515a\u6d3e\u8ba4\u540c\u6240\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bd4\u8fde\u7eed\u8fa9\u8bba\u66f4\u80fd\u51b3\u5b9a\u6295\u7968\u9009\u62e9\u3002\uff087\uff09\u5982\u679c\u9009\u6c11\u5927\u81f4\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u653f\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u7ade\u9009\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u5f3a\u548c\u52a8\u5458\u8be5\u515a\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u201c\u51fa\u95e8\u53bb\u6295\u7968\u201d\u3002<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 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