<\/p>
\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u9009\u843d\u5e55\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u60ac\u5ff5\uff0c\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u5f53\u9009\u3002\u6b64\u6b21\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u800c\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u7c7b\u4f3c<\/span>2004<\/span>\u5e74\u53ca<\/span>2010<\/span>\u5e74\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u6709\u5173\u8d3f\u9009\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u5df2\u6b65\u5165\u6b63\u8f68\u3002\u53ef\u559c\u53ef\u5e86\uff01<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u9009\u4e3e\u7ed3\u679c\u5ba3\u5e03\u540e\uff0c\u7eff\u8425\u4e00\u7247\u6b22\u547c\uff0c\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u5168\u80dc\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u5f53\u9009\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u83b7\u5f97\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u591a\u6570\u5e2d\u4f4d\uff1b\u800c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u6158\u8d25\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6731\u7acb\u6587\u843d\u9009\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u5e2d\u4f4d\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u81f3\u6b64\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a<\/span>1911<\/span>\u5e74\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e5f\u9eef\u7136\u6536\u573a\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u548c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd“\u62dc\u62dc”<\/span>,<\/span>\u90a3\u4e2a\u4ee5\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u3001\u4e24\u848b\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u88ab\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5f7b\u5e95\u629b\u5f03\uff0c“\u53f0\u6e7e\u5c06\u662f\u672c\u571f\u4eba\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e”\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> <\/p> <\/p> 1<\/span><\/p> \u867d\u7136\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u7a33\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u56fd\u9645\u8206\u8bba\u666e\u904d\u8d5e\u8bb8\uff1b\u4f46\u73b0\u5b9e\u5730\u770b\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u89c1\u597d\uff0c\u8d77\u7801\u6bd4\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u7684\u516b\u5e74\u8981\u7cdf\u7cd5\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u8521\u82f1\u6587\u6267\u653f\u5c06\u9762\u4e34\u4e24\u5927\u96be\u9898\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u96be\u9898\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u4e24\u5cb8\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5927\u9646\u7684\u5e95\u7ebf\u662f“\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5171\u8bc6”\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u627f\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u800c\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u7684\u5e95\u7ebf\u5219\u662f\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7“\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5171\u8bc6”\uff0c\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7eb2\u9886\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc9\u6c42——\u4e0d\u8bba\u5176\u662f\u5426\u660e\u786e\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5373\u662f\u5168\u7136\u5426\u5b9a\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u591a\u6570\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u3002\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u5927\u6982\u6ca1\u6709\u59a5\u534f\u8c03\u548c\u7684\u4f59\u5730\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8865\u5145\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u9646\u7684“\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5171\u8bc6”\uff0c\u5728“\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd”\u7684\u540e\u9762\u6ca1\u6709“\u5404\u81ea\u8868\u8ff0”\u3002\u60f3\u53cc\u65b9\u5728\u8c08\u5224\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e89\u6267\u751a\u70c8\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u5c1d\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7eff\u8425\uff0c\u6709\u65e0“\u5404\u81ea\u8868\u8ff0”\u65e0\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a“\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd”\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u51a0\u4ee5\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u5927\u9646\u5f53\u5c40\u5df2\u518d\u4e09\u653e\u8bdd\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a“\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5171\u8bc6”\u5c06“\u5730\u52a8\u5c71\u6447”\u3002\u5982\u6545\u5927\u9646\u653f\u5c40\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u610f\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5927\u81f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u52a8\u53f0\u6d77\u4e4b\u6218\uff0c\u5360\u9886\u53f0\u6e7e\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5927\u9646\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u653f\u6cbb\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u51fa\u5175\u53f0\u6e7e\u505a\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5192\u9669\u5219\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u6392\u9664\u6b64\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6599\uff0c\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u4e0d\u4f1a\u660e\u786e\u63a5\u53d7“\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5171\u8bc6”\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5927\u9646\u5c06\u4f1a\u51fa\u624b\u5236\u88c1\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u538b\u7f29\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u6253\u51fb\u53f0\u6e7e\u3002\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u6267\u653f\u516b\u5e74\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e89\u53d6\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u5b9e\u884c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u8ba9\u5229\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4e2d\u5171\u7ec8\u6b62\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u8ba9\u5229\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5c31\u5c06\u662f\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u9646\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u624b\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u641e\u57ae\u53f0\u6e7e\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7981\u6b62\u53f0\u6e7e\u5546\u54c1\u8fdb\u53e3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9“\u5730\u52a8\u5c71\u6447”\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u6b64\u7edd\u975e\u7a7a\u8a00\uff0c\u60f3\u4e60\u5f53\u5c40\u5df2\u6709\u5907\u6848\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u5927\u9646\u7684\u64a4\u60e0\u548c\u6253\u538b\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u6570\u5e74\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u552f\u6bd4\u73b0\u5728\u66f4\u5dee\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u96be\u9898\u662f\u6c11\u7cb9\u98ce\u6f6e\u3002<\/span>2015<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u96c6\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u98ce\u6f6e\uff1a\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u5728\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u963b\u6b62\u5bf9\u300a\u670d\u8d38\u534f\u8bae\u300b\u8868\u51b3\uff1b\u592a\u9633\u82b1\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5360\u9886\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u516c\u6b63\u5730\u8bf4\u300a\u670d\u8d38\u534f\u8bae\u300b\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u5408\u4e4e\u4e16\u754c\u81ea\u7531\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d8b\u5411\uff0c\u6709\u76ca\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u6545\u6b64\u9a6c\u653f\u5e9c\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u52a8\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u9879\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u800c\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u975e\u6cd5\u963b\u6b62\u8be5\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u91cd\u5c0f\u5931\u5927\uff0c\u503e\u5411\u6c11\u7cb9\uff0c\u6709\u5bb3\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u3002\u6b64\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f15\u53d1\u592a\u9633\u82b1\u5b66\u8fd0\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5b66\u751f\u4ee5“\u4eba\u6c11”\u81ea\u5c45\uff0c\u5f3a\u884c\u5360\u9886\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u762b\u75ea\u56fd\u4f1a\u3002\u6b64\u4e3e\u4ee5“\u4eba\u6c11”\u4e4b\u540d\u7834\u574f\u5baa\u653f\u6cd5\u6cbb\uff0c\u6709\u5bb3\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u592a\u9633\u82b1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e43\u4e3a\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8be5\u5b66\u8fd0\u5374\u53d7\u5230\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u529b\u633a\uff0c\u53ca\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u4f17\u70ed\u8d5e\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u90fd\u6709“\u6c11\u7cb9”\u4e4b\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u5f53\u7136\uff0c<\/span>2015<\/span>\u5e74\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u53cd\u5bf9\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u62b5\u5236\u5927\u9646\u541e\u5e76\u4e4b\u5bd3\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4ecd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u5b9a\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u98ce\u6c14\u3002\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8349\u6839\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u6c11\u7cb9\u662f\u5176\u5e95\u8272\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5176\u4e89\u53d6\u9009\u7968\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u9f13\u52a8“\u6c11\u7cb9”\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5fc5\u5c06\u53d7“\u6c11\u7cb9”\u6240\u5bb3\u3002\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u65e2\u7136\u5bf9“\u6c11\u7cb9”\u505a\u4e86\u8bf8\u591a\u8bb8\u8bfa\uff0c\u5176\u6267\u653f\u4e5f\u5fc5\u5c06\u53d7\u6b64\u7275\u7d2f\u3002\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u9ad8\u798f\u5229\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u582a\u91cd\u8d1f\uff0c\u6e10\u8d8b\u6ca1\u843d\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u4e4b\u7834\u4ea7\u5373\u5728“\u6c11\u7cb9”\u8def\u7ebf\u3002“\u4eba\u6c11”\u3001“\u6c11\u610f”\u4e00\u65e6\u5938\u5927\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u96be\u6536\u56de\u53bb\uff0c\u800c“\u4eba\u6c11”“\u6c11\u610f”\u90fd\u5728\u4eba\u6027\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u4e8e\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6267\u653f\u5374\u662f\u5b9e\u5728\u4e8b\uff0c\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e4b\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8d85\u8d8a\u3001\u5984\u4e3a\u5c31\u662f\u707e\u96be\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u6c11\u8fdb\u515a\u6279\u5224\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u503e\u5411\u5927\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u5927\u8d22\u56e2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u987e\u53ca\u4e0b\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c\u8521\u82f1\u6587<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u66f4\u662f\u8c34\u8d23\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u8ba9“\u4eba\u6c11\u8fc7\u5f97\u6c34\u6df1\u706b\u70ed”\uff1b\u6545\u800c\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u6267\u653f\u540e\u8981\u6574\u6709\u5173\u653f\u7b56\uff0c“\u5b9e\u60e0”\u4e0b\u5c42\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c\u4f46\u662f“\u6c11\u7cb9”\u653f\u7b56\u5fc5\u5c06\u91cd\u521b\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u4f7f\u53f0\u6e7e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e27\u5931\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002\u8ba8\u597d\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c\u52bf\u5fc5\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5176\u6709\u5bb3\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e5f\u6709\u5bb3\u4e8e\u6c11\u3002“\u6c11\u7cb9”\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u8ba8\u597d\u3001\u5ffd\u60a0\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u8ba1\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u6267\u653f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u4e0b\u8dcc\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0b\u8dcc\u7684\u5e45\u5ea6\u5c06\u4e0d\u5c0f\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 2<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u73b0\u4eca\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5bf9\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u7684\u6279\u5224\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4f17\u53e3\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u84dd\u7eff\u5404\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4e4b\u5927\u52a0\u8c34\u8d23\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4ece\u65c1\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u516b\u5e74\u6267\u653f\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u79cd\u79cd\u6b20\u7f3a\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u9519\u7684<\/span>,<\/span>\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u662f\u4ee5\u671f\u5f85\u503c\u8bc4\u65ad\u6267\u653f\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6267\u653f\u8005\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\u3001\u8c34\u8d23\u3002\u800c\u5ba2\u89c2\u5730\u8bc4\u8bba\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u53c2\u7167\u4e43\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u5c40\u9650\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4ed6\u5b9e\u9645\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u7684\u597d\u574f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u5dee\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u5c31\u9648\u6c34\u6241\u540e\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u505a\u4e86\u4ed6\u6240\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e24\u5cb8\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5904\u4e8e\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e24\u5927\u56fd\u5bf9\u7acb\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u7f8e\uff0c\u6240\u9009\u8303\u56f4\u6709\u9650\u3002“\u4e0d\u72ec\u3001\u4e0d\u7edf\u3001\u4e0d\u6b66”\uff0c\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u7684“\u4e09\u4e0d”\u653f\u7b56\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u81f4\uff0c\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e24\u5cb8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u4e89\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u5728\u7ade\u9009\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa“\u7ef4\u6301\u4e24\u5cb8\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u53d8”\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u9664\u4e86\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7“\u4e00\u4e2d\u539f\u5219”\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9a6c\u7684\u4e24\u5cb8\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u8206\u8bba\u6279\u8bc4\u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56“\u4f9d\u8d56”\u5927\u9646\u3002\u81ea<\/span>2008<\/span>\u5e74\u7206\u53d1\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u540e\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u91cd\u521b\uff0c\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u987f\u3002\u5927\u9646\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u8981\u633d\u6551\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53ea\u80fd\u6269\u5927\u5bf9\u5927\u9646\u8d38\u6613\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5bf9\u5176\u51fa\u53e3\uff0c\u522b\u65e0\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u6267\u653f\u540e\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u9700\u5ef6\u7eed\u6b64\u8def\u7ebf\u3002\u7f8e\u4e2d\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u867d\u7136\u662f\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u540c\u6837\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ed1\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5757\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u9760\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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<\/p> 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<\/p> \u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u5c06\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u6267\u653f\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u603b\u7edf\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u8868\u660e<\/span>2016<\/span>\u5e74\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u9009\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u6240\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u53ca<\/span>1911<\/span>\u5e74\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u5c06\u4e0d\u590d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u4e8c\u8005\u5747\u540d\u5b58\u5b9e\u4ea1\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u53f0\u6e7e\u767e\u5206\u4e03\u5341\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u652f\u6301\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\u66f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u5c06\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u89c6\u4e3a\u5916\u6765\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u653f\u5e9c\u89c6\u4e3a\u5916\u6765\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u9646\u7684\u6b66\u529b\u5a01\u6151\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8f96\u5236\uff0c\u674e\u767b\u8f89\u65f6\u4ee3\u53f0\u6e7e\u5373\u72ec\u7acb\u5efa\u56fd\u3002\u4f55\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u6700\u5927\u4e4b\u6c11\u610f\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u5efa\u56fd\u5373\u662f\u3002\u6b64\u610f\u613f\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u613f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u6700\u9ad8\u610f\u613f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u610f\u613f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u5883\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c“\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd”\u53ca“\u56fd\u6c11\u515a”\u8fdf\u65e9\u8981\u88ab\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u6240\u629b\u5f03\uff1b\u4e0d\u8bba\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u600e\u6837\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u4f5c\u51fa\u600e\u6837\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u6240\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u5916\u6765\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u6240\u6c42\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u53bb\u5e74\u592a\u9633\u82b1\u5b66\u8fd0\u7684\u5185\u8d28\u5373\u53cd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5916\u6765\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\uff1b\u4eca\u5e74\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u7eff\u8425\u5e2d\u5377\u822c\u5927\u80dc\uff0c\u5185\u8d28\u4e5f\u5728\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002\u7684\u786e\u662f\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u7528\u9009\u7968\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\u3002\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u5f53\u9009\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u4e07\u4eba\u805a\u4f1a\u6b22\u547c\u5e86\u8d3a\uff0c\u73b0\u573a\u4e00\u7247\u7eff\u8272\u6d77\u6d0b\uff0c\u7adf\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u9762\u9752\u5929\u767d\u65e5\u65d7\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u843d\u8d25\u540e\uff0c\u6731\u7acb\u4f26\u75db\u5b9a\u601d\u75db\uff0c\u8a93\u8a00\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u9700\u8981\u6539\u9769\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u6539\u9769<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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<\/p> \u9a6c\u82f1\u4e5d\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u5fe0\u5b9e\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6c89\u75db\u82cd\u51c9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u60b2\u5267\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u795d\u8d3a\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u5f53\u9009\uff0c\u795d\u8d3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u5219\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u6df9\u6ca1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u591c\u6843\u56ed\u90ca\u5916\u4e24\u848b\u7684\u9675\u5bdd\u683c\u5916\u51c4\u7136\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 3<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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<\/p> 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<\/p> \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7acb\u4e8e\u5927\u9646\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u53cd\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4e5f\u81ea\u6709\u9053\u7406\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u53f0\u6e7e\u672c\u5c5e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u5176\u4e00\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u6218\u7565\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u9646\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u629b\u5f00\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5c06\u5b89\u5168\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9996\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5927\u9646\u8f6c\u578b\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1c\u5357\u6cbf\u6d77\u7684\u5929\u7136\u5c4f\u969c\uff0c\u9ea6\u514b<\/span>.<\/span>\u963f\u745f\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a“\u6c38\u4e0d\u6c89\u6ca1\u7684\u822a\u7a7a\u6bcd\u8230”\u3002\u6ee1\u6e05\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u798f\u5efa\u6c34\u5e08\u63d0\u7763\u65bd\u7405\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5eb7\u7199\uff0c\u5176\u300a\u606d\u9648\u53f0\u6e7e\u5f03\u7559\u758f\u300b\u594f\u8a00\uff1a“\u53f0\u6e7e\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5317\u8fde\u5434\u4f1a\uff0c\u5357\u63a5\u7ca4\u5ce4\uff0c\u5ef6\u88a4\u6570\u5343\u91cc\uff0c\u5c71\u5ddd\u5cfb\u5ced\uff0c\u6e2f\u9053\u7ea1\u56de\uff0c\u4e43\u6c5f\u3001\u6d59\u3001\u95fd\u3001\u7ca4\u56db\u7701\u4e4b\u5de6\u62a4\u3002”“\u5f03\u4e4b\u5fc5\u917f\u6210\u5927\u7978\uff0c\u7559\u4e4b\u8bda\u6c38\u56fa\u8fb9\u5709\u3002”“\u5373\u4e3a\u4e0d\u6bdb\u8352\u58e4\uff0c\u4ea6\u65ad\u65ad\u4e4e\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f03\uff01”\u6d77\u8def\u8d38\u6613\u7545\u8fbe\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u6218\u7565\u4f4d\u7f6e\u500d\u589e\uff0c\u5176\u627c\u897f\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5357\u5317\u822a\u9053\u54bd\u5589\u3002\u522b\u7684\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u7684\u822a\u8fd0\u9700\u7ecf\u6b64\u822a\u7ebf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec<\/span>70%<\/span>\u7684\u77f3\u6cb9\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u5176\u4e8c\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\u5c06\u5f15\u53d1\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fde\u9501\u6027\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5927\u9646\u5141\u8bb8\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u6fb3\u95e8\u3001\u5404\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u57df\u4ea6\u53ef\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6df1\u5733\u3001\u5e7f\u4e1c\u3001\u798f\u5efa\u3001\u6d59\u6c5f\u53d1\u8fbe\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u4e1c\u5317\u5747\u53ef\u7eb7\u7eb7\u6548\u4eff\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ecf\u53d7\u5982\u6b64\u80a2\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u653f\u5e9c\u6562\u5192\u5982\u6b64\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5176\u5173\u4e4e\u56fd\u5bb6\u751f\u6b7b\u5b58\u4ea1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u9646\u5b81\u53ef\u7edd\u6b7b\u800c\u6218\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u5176\u4e09\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u4e43\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6c11\u610f\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e03\u5341\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u652f\u6301\u53f0\u72ec\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u9646\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e03\u5341\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u516b\u5341\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u5219\u652f\u6301\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u53f0\u72ec\u3002\u6709\u5173\u53f0\u6e7e\u7edf\u72ec\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e24\u5cb8\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5bf9\u51b3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e24\u5cb8\u6c11\u610f\u7684\u5bf9\u51b3\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u56fd\u6c11\u90fd\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u4e4b\u89c2\u5ff5\uff1b\u4efb\u4f55\u6c11\u65cf\u4e5f\u90fd\u6709\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u4e4b\u610f\u8bc6\uff1b\u5f53\u8ba4\u540c\u89c2\u5ff5\u906d\u5230\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u65cf\u7fa4\u90fd\u4f1a\u53cd\u5f39\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \uff08\u4e0b\uff09<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 4<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u6709\u5173“\u72ec\u7acb”\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 1<\/span>\u3001\u4e24\u76f8\u60c5\u613f\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u51b7\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u5206\u79bb\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u6377\u514b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u4e0d\u613f\u88ab\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u6240\u7d2f\uff1b\u800c\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u867d\u7136\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u4e0d\u6d4e\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u7ef4\u62a4\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\uff1b\u4e8c\u8005\u4e00\u62cd\u5373\u5408\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e24\u7247\u5730\u57df\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u65cf\u7fa4\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u6b64\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u53cb\u597d\u5730\u5206\u624b\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u5728\u5e78\u8fd0\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u7684\u699c\u6837\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e43\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u529b\u91cf\u76f8\u5f53\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u4e5f\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u613f\u610f\uff0c\u5404\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 2<\/span>\u3001\u516c\u6295\u72ec\u7acb\u3002<\/span>1814<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u4e39\u9ea6\u4e8e\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u6218\u4e89\u6218\u8d25\uff0c\u5c06\u632a\u5a01\u5272\u8ba9\u7ed9\u745e\u5178\u3002\u632a\u5a01\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u8d81\u673a\u7a9c\u4e0d\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u5176\u540e\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u51fa\u5175\u632a\u5a01\uff0c\u632a\u5a01\u5c48\u670d\uff0c\u96b6\u5c5e\u745e\u5178\u3002\u5176\u540e\uff0c\u632a\u5a01\u8d38\u6613\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6d77\u6743\u529b\u91cf\u6269\u5f20\uff0c\u800c\u745e\u5178\u4fdd\u5b88\uff0c\u529b\u91cf\u76f8\u5bf9\u52bf\u5f31\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u632a\u5a01\u4e8e<\/span>1905<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>6<\/span>\u6708\u5ba3\u5e03\u72ec\u7acb\uff1b\u745e\u5178\u653f\u5e9c\u89c6\u4e4b\u4e3a\u53db\u4e71\uff0c\u53f3\u7ffc\u653f\u5ba2\u6b32\u5f3a\u786c\u5f81\u8ba8\uff0c\u4f46\u56fd\u738b\u5967\u65af\u5361\u4e8c\u4e16\u5219\u5b81\u613f\u632a\u5a01\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f00\u6218\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u6d77\u4e0a\u9738\u4e3b\u82f1\u56fd\u652f\u6301\u632a\u5a01\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u56fd\u4e5f\u53cd\u5bf9\u745e\u5178\u5f81\u8ba8\u632a\u5a01\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\u8ba9\u632a\u5a01\u5b9e\u884c\u516c\u6295\u51b3\u5b9a\u5176\u53bb\u7559\u3002<\/span>1905<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>13<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>\uff0c\u632a\u5a01\u8209\u884c\u5168\u6c11\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c<\/span>99.95%<\/span>\u652f\u6301\u632a\u5a01\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u6b64\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u745e\u5178\u65e9\u5373\u9884\u6599\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u516c\u6295\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8d70\u4e2a\u8fc7\u573a\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u632a\u5a01\u5f97\u4ee5\u548c\u5e73\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e09\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\u53cc\u65b9\u5b9e\u529b\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u632a\u5a01\u968f\u7a0d\u5f31\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e89\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u56fd\u652f\u6301\u632a\u5a01\uff1b\u5176\u4e09\u5967\u65af\u5361\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u5f00\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 2014<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u5b9e\u884c\u72ec\u7acb\u516c\u6295\uff0c\u8d5e\u6210\u7968\u4e3a<\/span>44.7%<\/span>\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u7968\u4e3a<\/span>55.3%<\/span>\uff0c\u672a\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u516c\u6295\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c<\/span>1707<\/span>\u5e74\u5e74\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u548c\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u7b7e\u7684\u662f\u56fd\u4e0e\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6761\u7ea6“<\/span>TreatyofUnion<\/span>”\uff0c\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6761\u7ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5404\u5dde\u5219\u4e0d\u53ef\u7ecf\u516c\u6295\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u5dde\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u662f\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5404\u5dde\u8054\u5408\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u5dde\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u6295\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u67d0\u5dde\u5355\u5411\u516c\u6295\u3002\u4e4b\u4e8c\uff0c<\/span>2012<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>1<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u8bae\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e3e\u884c\u516c\u6295\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u5236\u5b9a\u76f8\u5173\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4e4b\u4e09\uff0c<\/span>2012<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u653f\u5e9c\u5c31\u516c\u6295\u7b7e\u8ba2\u300a\u7231\u4e01\u5821\u534f\u8bae\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u516c\u6295\u662f\u67d0\u5730\u57df\u548c\u5e73\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u5bf9\u65b9\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5355\u65b9\u884c\u5f84\u3002\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5931\u53bb\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u5355\u5411\u5ba3\u5e03\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u6218\u4e89\u3002<\/span>1861<\/span>\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u5185\u6218\u5373\u662f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u5730\u57df\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u516c\u6295\u5373\u53ef\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5c06\u89e3\u4f53\uff0c\u6218\u706b\u5904\u5904\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 3<\/span>\u3001\u6b66\u529b\u5bf9\u6297\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u575a\u51b3\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u575a\u51b3\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u76f8\u6301\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8d70\u5411\u6b66\u529b\u5bf9\u6297\u3002\u6b64\u4e8b\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u8840\u6d41\u6210\u6cb3\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u60b2\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u533a\u81f3\u4eca\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/span>2005<\/span>\u5e74\u5317\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u5171\u548c\u519b\u518d\u6b21\u5ba3\u5e03\u653e\u5f03\u6b66\u88c5\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u8f6c\u5165\u548c\u5e73\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c<\/span>2009<\/span>\u5e74\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u518d\u53d1\u751f\u4e24\u8d77\u6050\u6016\u88ad\u51fb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u7f05\u7538\u5317\u90e8\u5341\u591a\u4e2a\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u6b66\u88c5\uff0c\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u519b\u8840\u6218\u4e0d\u6b62\uff0c\u5ef6\u7eed\u81f3\u4eca\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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<\/p> \u53f0\u6d77\u4e24\u5cb8\u7684\u7edf\u72ec\u4e4b\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u5b9e\u65e0\u8c03\u548c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u62d6\u4e0b\u53bb\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5404\u81ea\u8868\u8ff0\uff1b\u4e0d\u7edf\u3001\u4e0d\u72ec\u3001\u4e0d\u6b66\u3002\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6765\u4e1c\u4e9a\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u6b27\u76df\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff0c\u7edf\u72ec\u5373\u5747\u65e0\u5f02\u8bae\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u6b21\u5927\u9009\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53f0\u6d77\u5c40\u52bf\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8521\u82f1\u6587\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u627f\u8ba4“\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd”\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u9646\u4e5f\u6b32\u5c31\u52bf\u52a0\u5feb\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e24\u5cb8\u5c1a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f00\u6218\uff0c\u4f46\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u4e43\u81f3\u654c\u5bf9\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u5347\u6e29\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 5<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u6b64\u6b21\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u843d\u8d25\uff0c\u6700\u53d7\u5bb3\u7684\u5b9e\u662f\u5927\u9646\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u5462\uff1f<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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<\/p> \u4e2d\u5171\u653f\u6743\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\u4e2d\u5171\u660e\u77e5\u5176\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u5171\u5f03\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u8981\u6b7b\u547d\u575a\u6301“\u5171\u4ea7”\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7ec8\u5f52\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u6c11\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51dd\u805a\u6c11\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6309\u6b64\u8fd0\u4f5c\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u6b64\u4e09\u91cd\u6ce8\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u65e9\u665a\u5c06\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u5d29\u6e83\u4e43\u662f\u5267\u70c8\u4e4b\u707e\u96be\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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“\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd”\u56fd\u53f7\u4e0e\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u662f\u6551\u52a9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u662f\u4e9a\u6d32\u9996\u4e2a\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u540d\u4e0d\u526f\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u767e\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u767e\u7ecf\u632b\u6298\uff0c\u653f\u4f53\u5374\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u5b8c\u5168\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u9f0e\u529b\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b66\u88c5\u5360\u9886\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u6781\u6743\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5927\u9646\u4e5f\u65e9\u5df2\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u53f7\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5baa\u653f\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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<\/p> 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<\/p> \u5982\u679c\u6bdb\u540e\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u5141\u8bb8\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u56de\u5f52\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u4f1a\u548c\u5e73\u8f6c\u578b\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u3002\u5176\u4e00\u3001\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5c06\u4f1a\u5e26\u56de\u5728\u5927\u9646\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u660e\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\u53ef\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5171\u5efa\u7acb\u4e24\u515a\u5236\u8861\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u6539\u53d8\u5927\u9646\u6781\u6743\u4e4b\u56f0\uff1b\u5176\u4e09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u56de\u4e30\u539a\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff1b\u5176\u56db\u7ed9\u5927\u9646\u4eba\u6c11\u5e26\u6765\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u633d\u6551\u5927\u9646\u8d70\u5411\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u53ef\u60dc\uff0c\u6b64\u6b21\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\uff0c\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb——\u5373\u4f7f\u8a00\u8f9e\u4e0a\u5c1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ba3\u5e03\u3002\u5927\u9646\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u501f\u52a9“\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd”\u4e0e“\u56fd\u6c11\u515a”\u548c\u5e73\u5b9e\u73b0\u5baa\u653f\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u673a\u9047\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u8d70\u5411\u4f53\u5236\u6027\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u545c\u547c\u54c0\u54c9\uff01<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5148\u5931\u8d25\u4e8e\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u8d25\u8d70\u53f0\u6e7e\uff1b\u73b0\u4eca\u53c8\u518d\u8d25\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\uff1b\u8fd9\u81ea\u6709\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u5927\u80cc\u666f\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u5929\u547d\u3002<\/span>1927-1937.<\/span>\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u8d62\u5f97<\/span>10<\/span>\u5e74\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u6b23\u6b23\u5411\u8363\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u65e5\u672c\u608d\u7136\u5c06\u4fb5\u534e\u6218\u4e89\u6269\u5f20\u5230\u534e\u5317\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u53ea\u5f97\u9886\u5bfc\u56fd\u6c11\u594b\u8d77\u6297\u6218\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u516b\u5e74\u6d74\u8840\u594b\u6218\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0e\u76df\u519b\u5171\u540c\u8d62\u5f97\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5728\u82cf\u4fc4\u7eb5\u4f7f\u548c\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u6380\u8d77\u5185\u6218\uff1b\u800c\u7ecf\u516b\u5e74\u6297\u6218\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u672c\u5df2\u75b2\u60eb\u4e0d\u582a\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u540e\u6709\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ec8\u6b62\u5bf9\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff1b\u848b\u653f\u5e9c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e22\u6389\u5927\u9646\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u6c11\u610f\u4e3a\u5c1a\u3002\u53f0\u6e7e\u957f\u671f\u4e0e\u5927\u9646\u9694\u7edd\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u610f\u8981\u6c42\u72ec\u7acb\u4e43\u81ea\u7136\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u88ab\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u610f\u6240\u629b\u5f03\u4e5f\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7531\u5f3a\u52bf\u6267\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u5230\u548c\u5e73\u63a5\u53d7\u88ab\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u610f\u629b\u5f03\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u5176\u4ec1\u4e49\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\uff0c\u606d\u8d3a\u4ed6\u4eec\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u9646\u4eba\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u6d88\u4ea1\u800c\u75db\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u826f\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 6<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u53f0\u6e7e\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u72ec\u7acb\u5417\uff1f\u53f0\u6e7e\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u4f1a\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u5404\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u3001\u4e1c\u5317\u8bf8\u7701\u3001\u6cbf\u6d77\u5404\u7701······\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u4f1a\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u4f1a\u5168\u76d8\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c06\u4f1a\u56db\u5206\u4e94\u88c2\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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