<\/p>
\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u7ee7\u9999\u6e2f\u5f8b\u653f\u53f8\u53f8\u957f\u8881\u56fd\u5f3a\u8868\u793a\u300c\u6e2f\u72ec”\u8fdd\u53cd\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u5f8b\u653f\u53f8\u4f1a\u4e25\u8083\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u884c\u653f\u957f\u5b98\u6881\u632f\u82f1<\/span>4<\/span>\u6708<\/span>26<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u9f13\u5439\u9999\u6e2f\u300c\u72ec\u7acb\u300d\u6216\u81ea\u51b3\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ee4\u9999\u6e2f\u4e22\u5931\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\uff0c\u5168\u6e2f<\/span>700<\/span>\u4e07\u4eba\u4e5f\u8981\u5171\u540c\u627f\u62c5\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u540e\u679c\u3002\u4e2d\u5171\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u6d77\u5916\u7248<\/span>4<\/span>\u6708<\/span>23<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u548c\u7406\u975e\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6307\u300c\u6e2f\u72ec\u300d\u7684\u8a00\u884c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8d8a\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u53ea\u60f3\u4ee5\u51fa\u4f4d\u8a00\u8bba\u5438\u5f15\u4f20\u5a92\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u628a\u9999\u6e2f\u63a8\u5411\u5371\u9669\u7684\u5883\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u79f0\u7279\u533a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u59d1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u8fd9\u4e00\u6ce2\u65b0\u300c\u6e2f\u72ec\u300d\u8fd0\u52a8\u4ee5\u9999\u6e2f\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u751f\u4f1a\u5b66\u82d1\u7f16\u7740\u7684\u300a\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u8bba\u300b\u4e3a\u5148\u58f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u515a\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u4e3a\u65d7\u5e1c\uff0c\u5982\u706b\u5982\u837c\u3001\u98ce\u8d77\u4e91\u6d8c\u3002\u5149\u590d\u9999\u6e2f\u53cd\u6c34\u5ba2\u884c\u52a8\u3001<\/span>2016<\/span>\u5e74\u6625\u8282\u65fa\u89d2\u9c7c\u86cb\u9769\u547d\u3001\u672c\u571f\u6d3e\u9886\u8896\u6881\u5929\u7426\u53c2\u9009\u7acb\u6cd5\u4f1a\u65b0\u754c\u4e1c\u8865\u9009\uff08\u83b7\u5f97<\/span>66,524<\/span>\u7968\uff09\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u6e2f\u5927\u5b66\u82d1\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u9999\u6e2f\u9752\u5e74\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5021\u9999\u6e2f\u5236\u65b0\u5baa\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u4f17\u5fd7\u7b49\u65b0\u9752\u5e74\u653f\u515a\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u5c06\u6c11\u4e3b\u81ea\u51b3\u5217\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u653f\u7eb2\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4ece\u79cd\u79cd\u8ff9\u8c61\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6e2f\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5171\u6240\u903c\u8feb\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u3001\u65b0\u7586\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u7b49\u5730\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u5efa\u56fd\u5e7f\u53d7\u5e02\u6c11\u548c\u5b66\u751f\u8ffd\u6367\u3001\u52c7\u6b66\u6297\u4e89\u6210\u4e3a\u5bb6\u5e38\u4fbf\u996d\u3001\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u4e49\u4e5f\u53ef\u5927\u8bb2\u7279\u8bb2\uff0c\u6e2f\u4eba\u7684\u51b3\u7edd\u4e0d\u5c48\u3001\u51b3\u4e00\u6b7b\u6218\u7684\u52bf\u5934\uff0c\u8fde\u8001\u724c\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\u4eba\u58eb\u4e5f\u60ca\u8be7\u7fa1\u6155\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u800c\u6307\u5bfc\u8fd9\u4e00\u6ce2\u6e2f\u72ec\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u5b66\u754c\u548c\u793e\u8fd0\u754c\u6d41\u884c\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5——\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08<\/span>Civic nationalism<\/span>\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>liberal nationalism<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u754c\u5b9a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3a\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u95f4\u5f7c\u6b64\u8ba4\u540c\u81ea\u5df1\u540c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f7c\u6b64\u5e73\u7b49\u5171\u4eab\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u652f\u6301\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u56e2\u4f53\u3002\u6839\u636e\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u6216\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e0a\u7684\u7956\u5148\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u653f\u6cbb\u8ba4\u540c\u5e76\u975e\u65cf\u7fa4\u6216\u79cd\u65cf\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u6392\u5916\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5305\u5bb9\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u7b49\u4ef7\u503c\u76f8\u5bb9\u3002\u5b83\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7531\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u65cf\u7fa4\u548c\u79cd\u65cf\u6240\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\uff08\u6216\u56fd\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\uff09\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u79cd\u65cf\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08<\/span>ethnic nationalism<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u7684\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u79cd\u65cf\u6216\u65cf\u7fa4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8eab\u5206\u8ba4\u540c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8840\u7f18\u6216\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7956\u5148\u7b49\u5916\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u7531\u4e2a\u4f53\u5185\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u610f\u5fd7\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u79cd\u65cf\u6216\u65cf\u7fa4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u7531\u5916\u5728\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8840\u7f18\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6587\u5316\uff09\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8840\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6709\u5171\u540c\u653f\u6cbb\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65cf\u7fa4\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4ee5\u8840\u7edf\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u6587\u5316\u6e0a\u6e90\u7b49\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u53ca\u516c\u6c11\u610f\u8bc6\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u6e0a\u6e90\u8981\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5362\u68ad\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\uff08<\/span>social contract theories<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u516c\u4f17\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0a\u3002\u53e6\u6709\u6cd5\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span>Ernest Renan<\/span>\u5728<\/span>1882<\/span>\u5e74\u7684\u77ed\u6587\u300c\u6c11\u65cf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u6c11\u65cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u300c\u6bcf\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u300d\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5728\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5171\u540c\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u3001\u8840\u7f18\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u6216\u6587\u5316\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0•\u65af\u56fe\u5c14\u7279•\u5bc6\u5c14\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u653e\u5f02\u5f69\u662f\u5728\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u3002\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u8ddf\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u5176\u5b9e\u79cd\u65cf\u4e0a\u5dee\u5f02\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e0a\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e3b\u5f20\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u6c11\u65cf\u515a\uff08<\/span>Scottish National Party, SNP<\/span>\uff09\u660e\u786e\u4e3b\u5f20\u5176\u53d1\u626c\u7684\u662f\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5ba3\u79f0\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u6c11\u65cf\u5e76\u975e\u7531\u8840\u7f18\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u6210\u5458\u81ea\u613f\u4f9d\u9644\u4e8e\u82cf\u683c\u5170\uff0c\u5e76\u53c2\u4e0e\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/span>SNP<\/span>\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3b\u5f20\u8d62\u5f97\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u88d4\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e9a\u6d32\u88d4\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u4eba\u652f\u6301\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u751a\u81f3\u9ad8\u8fc7\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u72ec\u6d3e\u9886\u8896\u8428\u8499\u5fb7\u5f62\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0e\u300c\u72ed\u9698\u3001\u6c89\u95f7\u300d\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\uff08\u8054\u5408\u738b\u56fd\uff09\u8eab\u5206\u8ba4\u540c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8eab\u5206\u8ba4\u540c\u662f\u300c\u517c\u5bb9\u3001\u591a\u5143\u548c\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u516c\u6c11\u300d\uff08<\/span>wholly civic<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fea\u74e6\u6069\uff08<\/span>Tom Devine<\/span>\uff09\u76f4\u8a00\uff0c\u8428\u8499\u5fb7\u6700\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u5f15\u9886<\/span>SNP<\/span>\u6539\u53d8\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u7531\u72ed\u9698\u65cf\u7fa4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8d70\u5411\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u529f\u5438\u5f15\u5927\u91cf\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u4eba\u652f\u6301\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u8be6\u89c1\u300a\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u7279\u8272\uff1a\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6c89\u667a\u65b0\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u4ece\u65cf\u7fa4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8f6c\u5411\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u4ee5\u53f0\u6e7e\u672c\u5730\u4eba\u548c\u5916\u7701\u4eba\u6765\u533a\u522b\u84dd\u7eff\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4eba\u6743\u81ea\u51b3\u3001\u4e24\u5cb8\u7edf\u72ec\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u653f\u89c1\u800c\u975e\u51fa\u8eab\u6765\u5212\u5206\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u4e3b\u5f20\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5916\u7701\u4eba\u51e4\u6bdb\u9e9f\u89d2\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5916\u7701\u4eba\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u516c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5f20\u53f0\u6e7e\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u5012\u662f\u4e0d\u5c11\u672c\u5730\u4eba\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u84dd\u8425\u7684\u7edf\u6d3e\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\u53f0\u72ec\u4e3b\u5f20\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8ddf\u8840\u7edf\u51fa\u8eab\u5e76\u65e0\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6784\u6389\u4ee5\u8840\u7edf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5927\u4e2d\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5411\u6765\u4ee5\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6839\u636e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u6c49\u65cf\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u4e5f\u88ab\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8df3\u51fa\u8840\u7edf\u548c\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u7aa0\u81fc\uff0c\u800c\u4ece\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7531\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u5212\u6e05\u754c\u9650\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u65b0\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u53f0\u6e7e\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8005\u5434\u53e1\u4eba\u5728<\/span>1994<\/span>\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u3008\u547d\u8fd0\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\uff1a\u81ea\u6551\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e0e\u6218\u540e\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3009\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8be0\u91ca\u4e86\u5f6d\u660e\u654f\u4e0e\u5176\u5b66\u751f\u9b4f\u5ef7\u671d\u3001\u8c22\u806a\u654f\u4e8e<\/span>1964<\/span>\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u300a\u53f0\u6e7e\u81ea\u6551\u8fd0\u52a8\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u300a\u53f0\u6e7e\u81ea\u6551\u8fd0\u52a8\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u89e3\u6784\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\u5c9b\u5185<\/span>1949<\/span>\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u968f\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6765\u53f0\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u4e0e\u53f0\u6e7e\u539f\u672c\u4f4f\u6c11\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u5173\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u653f\u6743\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5229\u76ca\u5173\u4fc2\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u975e\u4e3a\u515a\u56fd\u4eb2\u4fe1\u3001\u63e1\u6709\u6743\u529b\u3001\u4f54\u6709\u9ad8\u4f4d\u8005\uff09\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u8fde\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u300c\u547d\u8fd0\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u300d\uff0c\u987b\u5171\u540c\u9762\u5bf9\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e0e\u636e\u53f0\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u9020\u6210\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u52ab\u96be\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> \u800c\u5728\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0a\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u53f0\u6e7e\u66f4\u52a0\u9886\u5148\u7684\u662f\u96e8\u4f1e\u8fd0\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u3002<\/span>2014<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>9<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u751f\u4f1a\u5b66\u82d1\u7f16\u7740\u7684\u300a\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5730\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u5e8f\u8a00\u5199\u5230\uff1a\u300c\u9999\u6e2f\u5177\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6709\u6e05\u695a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5730\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u3001\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7531\u62d2\u5171\u601d\u6f6e\u884d\u751f\u4e4b\u5171\u540c\u5fc3\u7406\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5ba2\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u4e3b\u89c2\u60f3\u50cf\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5df2\u8db3\u4ee5\u6784\u6210\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u3002<\/span>…<\/span>\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u5e76\u975e\u4ee5\u8840\u7f18\u4e3a\u7ebd\u5e26\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u8fb9\u754c\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u52a0\u4e0a\u9003\u79bb\u96c6\u6743\u3001\u8ffd\u6c42\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5fc3\u7406\u754c\u5b9a\u300d\u3002\u300a\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u8bba\u300b\u4ee5\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u5927\u4f17\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ca4\u8bed\u7535\u5f71\u3001\u7535\u89c6\u53ca\u97f3\u4e50\uff0c\u5e76\u8003\u8651\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u53e3\u8fc1\u79fb\u53ca\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u7740\u540d\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span> Benedict Anderson<\/span>\u300a\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u6563\u4f48\u300b\u4e2d\u5e26\u51fa\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u96c6\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u4e3a\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5f15\u9886\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u8ba4\u540c\u672c\u571f\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6297\u62d2\u6587\u5316\u6b96\u6c11\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u975e\u65cf\u7fa4\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u8840\u7edf\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u516c\u6c11\u610f\u8bc6\u7b49\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6c11\u65cf\u5dee\u522b\u548c\u65b0\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u65b0\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5efa\u56fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7acb\u8db3\u4e8e\u65b0\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u7acb\u8db3\u4e8e\u4fdd\u969c\u548c\u5de9\u56fa\u516c\u6c11\u4eba\u6743\u7b49\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4e2d\u5171\u5411\u6765\u4ee5\u8840\u7edf\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c06\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u6c49\u65cf\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u5316\u4e3a\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6309\u7167\u516c\u6c11\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba4\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\uff0c\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u6c11\u65cf\u3002<\/span><\/p> <\/p> 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<\/p> 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