{"id":58490,"date":"2016-08-11T17:37:00","date_gmt":"2016-08-11T17:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=58490 "},"modified":"2016-08-11T17:37:00","modified_gmt":"2016-08-11T17:37:00","slug":"58490-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=58490","title":{"rendered":"\u7ebd\u65f6\uff1a\u827e\u672a\u672a\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u751f\u8096\u517d\u9996\uff1a\u53cd\u601d\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f——\u590f\u65e5\u7684\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66<\/span>(Princeton University)<\/span>\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u55b7\u6c34\u6c60\u4e2d\u620f\u6c34\uff0c\u6c60\u65c1\u6709\u4ef6\u4e0d\u592a\u50cf\u827a\u672f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff1a\u63d2\u5728\u4e00\u6392\u6746\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684<\/span>12<\/span>\u4e2a\u9752\u94dc\u52a8\u7269\u5934\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fd9\u6392\u52a8\u7269\u5934\u4f4d\u4e8e\u55b7\u6c34\u6c60\u548c\u4f0d\u5fb7\u7f57·\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u516c\u5171\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u4e8b\u52a1\u5b66\u9662<\/span>(Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs)<\/span>\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5385\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/span>3<\/span>\u7c73<\/span>\u9ad8\u6746\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u5934\u6709\u6765\u81ea\u795e\u8bdd\u7684\u9f99\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5e73\u6de1\u65e0\u5947\u7684\u5154\u5b50\u548c\u86c7\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u751f\u8096\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u590f\u5929\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u65c5\u6e38\u56e2\u7ecf\u5e38\u505c\u4e0b\u6765\u62cd\u7167\u3002\u6e38\u5ba2\u4eec\u559c\u6b22\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u8096\u5e74\u4efd\u7684\u517d\u9996\u524d\u6446\u6837\u5b50\u7167\u76f8\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u7269\u5934\u662f\u7ecf\u5e38\u6279\u8bc4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u827e\u672a\u672a<\/span>2010<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\u540e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5706\u660e\u56ed\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u751f\u8096\u517d\u9996\u7684\u590d\u5236\u54c1\uff0c\u539f\u4ef6\u5728<\/span>1860<\/span>\u5e74\u82f1\u6cd5\u8054\u519b\u6363\u6bc1\u5706\u660e\u56ed\u65f6\u88ab\u76d7\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u517d\u9996\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5ea7\u6c34\u949f\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u56f4\u7ed5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u55b7\u6c34\u6c60\u65c1\uff0c\u8be5\u5efa\u7b51\u662f\u5728\u5706\u660e\u56ed\u88ab\u6bc1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u524d\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u4f4d\u6b27\u6d32\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u4e3a\u4e7e\u9686\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u5bab\u5ef7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u517d\u9996\u7684\u539f\u4ef6\u76ee\u524d\u5206\u6563\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4ef6\u88ab\u56fd\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4fdd\u5229\u96c6\u56e2\u516c\u53f8\u4ece\u5916\u56fd\u6536\u85cf\u8005\u624b\u4e2d\u4e70\u56de\u6216\u6536\u56de\u540e\uff0c\u73b0\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4fdd\u5229\u96c6\u56e2\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u517d\u9996\u7684\u539f\u4ef6\u8c61\u5f81\u7740“\u767e\u5e74\u803b\u8fb1”\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u81ea\u665a\u6e05\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u88ab\u897f\u65b9\u5217\u5f3a\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u4fb5\u7565\u8005\u8e42\u8e8f\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u827e\u672a\u672a\u7684\u8fd9\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3a“\u5341\u4e8c\u751f\u8096\u517d\u9996”\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u90a3\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e26\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u653f\u6cbb\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u517d\u9996\uff0c\u5df2\u5728\u7f57\u4f2f\u900a\u5927\u5385\u5916\u6446\u653e\u4e86\u56db\u5e74\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u6536\u85cf\u8005\u3001\u4e00\u540d\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u53cb\u501f\u7ed9\u5927\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708\u5230\u671f\uff0c\u636e\u827e\u672a\u672a\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u62c9\u91cc·\u6c83\u4ec0<\/span>(Larry Warsh)<\/span>\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u6821\u53cb\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u957f\u501f\u671f\u3002\u6c83\u4ec0\u5bb6\u4f4f\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u517d\u9996\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5de1\u56de\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u6b64\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u628a\u4f5c\u54c1\u653e\u5728\u4f0d\u5fb7\u7f57·\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u5b66\u9662\u524d\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c”\u6c83\u4ec0\u8bf4\u3002\u4ed6\u63a5\u7740\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6536\u85cf\u5bb6\u5e0c\u671b\u4fdd\u6301\u533f\u540d\u3002“\u6bcf\u5e74\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u4eba\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u8fdb\u51fa\u51fa\uff0c\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c“\u827e\u672a\u672a\u8ba9\u6587\u7269\u8fd4\u8fd8\u3001\u5171\u540c\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u5173\u827a\u672f\u548c\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u53d8\u5f97\u6108\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6700\u8fd1\u63a5\u53d7\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\uff0c\u827e\u672a\u672a\u8868\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u76f4\u5bf9\u517d\u9996\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c<\/span>2009<\/span>\u5e74\u56e0\u4f73\u58eb\u5f97<\/span>(Christie’s)<\/span>\u8bd5\u56fe\u62cd\u5356\u5154\u9996\u548c\u9f20\u9996\u800c\u717d\u52a8\u8d77\u4e00\u573a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u55a7\u56a3\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u654f\u9510\u5730\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u9690\u542b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5154\u9996\u548c\u9f20\u9996\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6cd5\u56fd\u670d\u88c5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u4f0a\u592b·\u5723\u6d1b\u6717<\/span>(Yves Saint Laurent)<\/span>\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u827e\u672a\u672a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5229\u7528\u90a3\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a“\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5ba3\u4f20\u76ee\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u8206\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u5c0a\u5fc3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5bf9<\/span>100<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u6124\u6012”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u827e\u672a\u672a\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u5f53\u65f6\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u535a\u5ba2\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u660e\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5728\u7be1\u6539\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u5bf9\u517d\u9996\u7684\u8bfb\u89e3\u3002\u827e\u672a\u672a\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u4e3a\u88c5\u9970\u4e00\u5ea7\u6e05\u671d\u5bab\u6bbf\u800c\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6536\u56de\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u7231\u56fd\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6e05\u671d\u662f\u7531\u6ee1\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u68ee\u6797\u8302\u5bc6\u7684\u4e1c\u5317\u8001\u5bb6\u4fb5\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e8e<\/span>1644<\/span>\u5e74\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u593a\u5f97\u738b\u4f4d\u3002\u800c\u660e\u738b\u671d\u5728\u90a3\u4e4b\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u53db\u519b\u63a8\u7ffb\u3002\u5bf9<\/span>19<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u3001<\/span>20<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ee1\u65cf\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u652f\u5916\u90e8\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u6d88\u706d\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5e94\u6709\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u827e\u672a\u672a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u4e4b\u540e\u4ed6\u60f3\u5230\u4e86\u91cd\u9020\u517d\u9996\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u827a\u672f\u54c1\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c55\u51fa\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a“\u76f8\u5f53\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u827e\u672a\u672a\u7684\u9752\u94dc\u751f\u8096\u517d\u9996\u6709\u516d\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u53e6\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u8bd5\u7248\u3002\u517d\u9996\u5728\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u5c55\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u7ec4\u9752\u94dc\u517d\u9996\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u5c55\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u957f\u3002\u6c83\u4ec0\u79f0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7ec4\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5feb\u4f1a\u5728\u5e03\u9c81\u585e\u5c14\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u8bae\u4f1a<\/span>(European Parliament)<\/span>\u5c55\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u827e\u672a\u672a\u8fd8\u5236\u4f5c\u4e86\u5341\u7ec4\u9ec4\u91d1\u517d\u9996\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u8bd5\u7248\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6bd4\u9752\u94dc\u517d\u9996\u5c0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5ba4\u5185\u5c55\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9752\u94dc\u548c\u9ec4\u91d1\u517d\u9996\u5df2\u5728\u8fd1<\/span>40<\/span>\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5c55\u51fa\u8fc7\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u89c2\u8d4f\u4eba\u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684\u827e\u672a\u672a\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u53bb\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u65af\u62cd\u5356\u884c<\/span>(Phillips)<\/span>\u7684\u62cd\u5356\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u5148\u4e8e<\/span>2010<\/span>\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u9752\u94dc\u517d\u9996\u5356\u51fa\u4e86<\/span>340<\/span>\u4e07\u82f1\u9551\uff08\u7ea6\u5408<\/span>3200<\/span>\u4e07\u5143\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff09\uff0c\u521b\u4e0b\u4e86\u827e\u672a\u672a\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u62cd\u5356\u7eaa\u5f55\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u90a3\u7ec4\u517d\u9996\u5148\u5728\u5df4\u897f\u5723\u4fdd\u7f57\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u9884\u5c55\uff0c\u540e\u5728\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u56ed\u4e1c\u5357\u8fb9\u7684\u666e\u5229\u7b56\u55b7\u6cc9<\/span>(Pulitzer Fountain)<\/span>\u65c1\u5c55\u51fa\u3002<\/span>2011<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>5<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u957f\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14·<\/span>R<\/span>·\u5e03\u9686\u4f2f\u683c<\/span>(Michael R. Bloomberg)<\/span>\u5728\u55b7\u6cc9\u65c1\u4ecb\u7ecd\u517d\u9996\uff0c\u79f0\u7ebd\u7ea6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a“\u5f3a\u70c8\u634d\u536b\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8868\u8fbe\u6743\u5229\u7684\u57ce\u5e02”\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u524d\uff0c\u827e\u672a\u672a\u5728\u4e00\u573a\u6253\u51fb\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u88ab\u5317\u4eac\u5b89\u5168\u90e8\u95e8\u7f81\u62bc\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u7f81\u62bc\u6301\u7eed\u4e86<\/span>81<\/span>\u5929\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f57\u4f2f\u5854·\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af<\/span>(Roberta Smith)<\/span>\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u6700\u521d\u7684\u6e05\u4ee3\u517d\u9996\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c“\u4ee4\u827e\u672a\u672a\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6218\u6817\uff0c\u4ece\u5b83\u6df7\u6742\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff08\u6ee1\u4eba\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3001\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u4ed6\u5bf9\u539f\u7248\u517d\u9996\u8fdb\u884c\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u60f3\u5df2\u9057\u5931\u7684\u517d\u9996\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u65e0\u5bb3\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u63a0\u593a\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53c8\u5c55\u73b0\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u5e76\u8dbe\u9ad8\u6c14\u6602\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u653e\u5927\u548c\u590d\u539f\uff0c”\u5979\u63a5\u7740\u5199\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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