{"id":62602,"date":"2016-03-27T20:53:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-27T20:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=62602 "},"modified":"2016-03-27T20:53:00","modified_gmt":"2016-03-27T20:53:00","slug":"62602-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=62602","title":{"rendered":"\u8427\u701a\uff1a\u96c6\u6743\u96fe\u973e\u4e0b\u7684\u4e2d\u5916\u541b\u76f8\u201c\u6743\u51fb\u8d5b\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"


<\/p>

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 <\/p>

1536<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>3<\/span>\u6708<\/span>15<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>\u65e9\u6668\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u4e86<\/span>13<\/span>\u5e74\u82cf\u4e39\u8363\u5ba0\u7684\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14<\/span>(Vezir<\/span>\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5bb0\u76f8\u6216\u9996\u76f8<\/span>)<\/span>\u6613\u535c\u62c9\u6b23<\/span>(Pargali Ibrahim Pasha)<\/span>\u5e15\u590f<\/span>(<\/span>\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u5c0a\u79f0\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c“\u52cb\u7235”\u6216\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684“\u5927\u4eba”<\/span>)<\/span>\u88ab\u82cf\u83b1\u66fc\u82cf\u4e39\u5904\u6b7b\u4e8e\u7687\u5bab——\u4eca\u5929\u6e38\u4eba\u5fc5\u53bb\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u5766\u5e03\u5c14\u6258\u666e\u5361\u5e15\u8001\u7687\u5bab\u3002\u636e\u82f1\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span>Jason Goodwin<\/span>\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u5584\u7ec8\u7684\u6982\u7387\u53ea\u6709\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6613\u535c\u62c9\u6b23\u6b7b\u5f97\u5e76\u4e0d\u8e4a\u8df7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u5b98\u50da\u4f53\u5236\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u56db\u79cd\u541b\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u7c7b\u578b<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u5f3a\u541b\u5f3a\u76f8\u578b\uff1a\u6267\u653f\u6210\u6548\u6709\u65f6\u80fd\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u7a00\u7f55\u4e14\u96be\u7ef4\u6301<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5218\u5907\u957f\u671f\u5bf9\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae\u8a00\u542c\u8ba1\u4ece\uff0c\u5374\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4f10\u5434\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4e0d\u542c\u529d\u800c\u81f4\u706b\u70e7\u8fde\u8425\u4e4b\u8d25<\/span>;<\/span>\u674e\u4e16\u6c11\u5f81\u9ad8\u4e3d\u5927\u8d25\u800c\u5f52\uff0c\u6094\u6068\u4ea4\u96c6\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9b4f\u5f81\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6211\u53bb\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f3a\u541b\u5f3a\u76f8\u578b\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5e73\u8861\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u8106\u5f31\uff0c\u751f\u8001\u75c5\u6b7b\u7684\u4eba\u4e8b\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\u672c\u8eab\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316<\/span>(<\/span>\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0d\u662f\u957f\u5b59\u7687\u540e\u7ecf\u5e38\u63d0\u9192\uff0c\u674e\u4e16\u6c11\u80fd\u5426\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u90a3\u79cd\u98ce\u5ea6<\/span>?)<\/span>\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u541b\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u53ef\u9047\u4e0d\u53ef\u6c42\u7684\uff0c\u65e2\u7f3a\u5176\u541b\uff0c\u4e5f\u7f3a\u5176\u81e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e8c\u3001\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u578b\uff1a\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\u8d25\u653f\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u66b4\u653f<\/span><\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5404\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u89c1\u7684\u541b\u81e3\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u578b<\/span>(<\/span>\u5305\u62ec\u6709\u541b\u65e0\u76f8\u578b<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5c5e\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6709\u9053\u660e\u541b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u9053\u660f\u541b\u66b4\u541b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5f3a\u52bf\u6e14\u4fb5\u76f8\u6743\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3a\u6240\u6b32\u4e3a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u4f53\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u4e0d\u5c11\u8f83\u6709\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u578b\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91cc\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u6210\u8d25\u63ba\u6742\u3001\u826f\u83a0\u4e0d\u9f50\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982<\/span>18<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u4fc4\u56fd\u5f7c\u5f97\u5927\u5e1d\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5f7c\u5f97\u4eb2\u81ea\u4e00\u624b\u7b56\u5212\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u6709\u4e5d\u5230\u5341\u4f4d\u53c2\u653f\u5458\u7684\u53c2\u653f\u9662\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u9886\u8896\u603b\u76d1\u5bdf\u5b98\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f7c\u5f97\u6765\u8bf4\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f“\u6715\u7684\u8033\u76ee”\u7f62\u4e86<\/span>;<\/span>\u53f6\u5361\u6377\u7433\u5a1c\u4e8c\u4e16\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6709\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f3a\u541b\u52b3\u6a21\uff0c\u5bf9\u81e3\u4e0b\u9664\u4e86\u5c01\u8d4f\u4e30\u539a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8f7b\u6613\u59d4\u4ee5\u91cd\u4efb\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span>1.<\/span>\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u6559\u8bad\uff1a\u5954\u5411\u5927\u9769\u547d<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u7ecf\u5178\u7684“\u6210\u529f”\u6848\u4f8b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span>1661<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>3<\/span>\u6708\uff0c<\/span>23<\/span>\u5c81\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u56e0\u9996\u76f8\u9a6c\u624e\u7136\u53bb\u4e16\u800c\u5f00\u59cb\u4eb2\u653f\uff0c\u9a6c\u624e\u7136\u521a\u6b7b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9996\u76f8\u3002”\u53ef\u89c1\u6b64\u524d\u4ed6\u5bf9\u9a6c\u624e\u7136\u638c\u653f\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/span>54<\/span>\u5e74\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u592a\u9633\u738b\u4ece\u672a\u4efb\u547d\u8fc7\u9996\u76f8\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5927\u5c0f\u653f\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e00\u6982\u8eac\u4eb2\u3002\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u4efb\u547d\u9996\u76f8\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e9f\u9edc\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u53ec\u5f00\u5168\u56fd\u4e09\u7ea7\u4f1a\u8bae<\/span>;<\/span>\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8086\u610f\u8df5\u8e0f\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\u3002<\/span>1665<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u542c\u8bf4\u5df4\u9ece\u9ad8\u7b49\u6cd5\u9662\u6b63\u5728\u96c6\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u56fd\u738b\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u6555\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u624b\u6301\u76ae\u97ad\uff0c\u4e00\u8eab\u730e\u88c5\u5730\u51b2\u8fdb\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u65ad\u7136\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a“\u4f60\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7978\u5bb3\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u547d\u4ee4\u4f60\u4eec\u7acb\u523b\u505c\u6b62\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8ba8\u8bba\u6211\u7684\u6555\u4ee4\u3002”\u4e09\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u4e0b\u4ee4\u6bc1\u6389\u5df4\u9ece\u9ad8\u7b49\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u4e09\u672c\u8bae\u4e8b\u8bb0\u5f55<\/span>;<\/span>\u51e1\u4e0d\u987a\u4ece\u7684\u6cd5\u5b98\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u514d\u804c\u6216\u6d41\u653e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4eb2\u4fe1\u586b\u7f3a\u3002\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u5c06\u8def\u6613\u5341\u4e09\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u63a8\u5411\u9f0e\u76db\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u4f7f\u5f97\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5904\u4e8e\u88ab\u541b\u6743\u8df5\u8e0f\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e13\u5236\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u8def\u6613\u5341\u4e94\u65f6\u4ee3\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6839\u672c\u6027\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u541b\u4e3b\u81f3\u9ad8\u4e0e\u8def\u6613\u5341\u4e94\u7684\u53ea\u6653\u9a84\u5962\u6deb\u9038\u65e0\u5fc3\u56fd\u653f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u7ed9\u6cd5\u56fd\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u7ec8\u4e8e\u4e00\u8def\u72c2\u5954\u8d70\u5411\u8def\u6613\u5341\u516d\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u5927\u9769\u547d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span>2.<\/span>\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff1a\u4ece\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u8f6c\u5411\u5f3a\u541b\u5f3a\u76f8<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\uff0c<\/span>1688<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u52c3\u5170\u767b\u5821\u7684\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u4e09\u4e16<\/span>(<\/span>\u540e\u6539\u79f0\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u4e00\u4e16<\/span>)<\/span>\u5373\u4f4d\u5927\u9009\u4faf\uff0c<\/span>5<\/span>\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4efb\u547d\u96c4\u624d\u5927\u7565\u7684\u57c3\u4f2f\u54c8\u5fb7•\u51af•\u5510\u514b\u5c14\u66fc<\/span>(Eberhard von Danckelmann<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1643<\/span>—<\/span>1722)<\/span>\u4e3a\u9996\u76f8\u548c\u67a2\u5bc6\u987e\u95ee\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002\u5510\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u52c3\u5170\u767b\u5821<\/span>–<\/span>\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u9886\u571f\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u65e8\u5728\u6446\u8131\u91ce\u86ee\u8fdb\u5165\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4f7f\u52c3\u5170\u767b\u5821<\/span>–<\/span>\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u6210\u4e3a\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u751a\u81f3\u6b27\u6d32\u5f3a\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u9009\u4faf\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bb9\u5fcd\u4ed6\u7684\u63fd\u6743\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6307\u4f7f\u4f5e\u81e3\u9677\u5bb3\u4ed6\u5165\u72f1\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u83b7\u91ca\u540e\u51e0\u6210\u5e9f\u4eba\u3002\u5bb0\u76f8\u96be\u5f53\uff0c\u4e8e\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u6591\u3002\u5230<\/span>18<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u519b\u4e8b\u70ed\u8877\u5230\u53ef\u7528\u75f4\u8ff7\u5f62\u5bb9\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c<\/span>–<\/span>\u5a01\u5ec9\u4e00\u4e16\u9010\u6e10\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u519b\u56fd\uff0c<\/span>1723<\/span>\u5e74\u4ed6\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u603b\u7406\u4e8b\u52a1\u9662<\/span>(<\/span>\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u56fd\u52a1\u9662<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u4efb\u603b\u7406\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eba\u67d3\u6307\u6743\u529b<\/span>;<\/span>\u5230\u4e86\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u4e8c\u4e16\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u541b\u4e3b\u96c6\u6743\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u65e0\u4e1d\u6beb\u677e\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9887\u6709\u4e43\u7236\u4e4b\u98ce\uff0c\u4e8b\u5fc5\u8eac\u4eb2\uff0c\u67a2\u5bc6\u987e\u95ee\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a<\/span>(<\/span>\u5185\u9601<\/span>)<\/span>\u51e0\u540c\u865a\u8bbe\uff0c\u5bb0\u76f8\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709“\u54a8\u8be2\u6743”\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u4e8c\u4e16\u6df1\u53d7\u6cd5\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u542f\u8499\u601d\u60f3\u751a\u81f3\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u56fd\u653f\u4e0a\u786e\u6709\u8bf8\u591a\u5f00\u660e\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5e9f\u9664\u5211\u8baf\u903c\u4f9b\u3001\u653e\u677e\u65b0\u95fb\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u4e3a\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u6539\u9769\u7b49\u3002\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u80fd\u4ece\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u519b\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u6ce5\u6dd6\u91cc\u8131\u56f0\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8981\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e<\/span>1806<\/span>\u5e74\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u6cd5\u56fd\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u6467\u6bc1\u6027\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ed9\u805a\u96c6\u4e8e\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u7684\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u6539\u53d8\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u76d1\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u666e\u738b\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c<\/span>–<\/span>\u5a01\u5ec9\u4e8c\u4e16\u4efb\u547d\u65bd\u6cf0\u8335\u4e3a\u5bb0\u76f8\u540e\uff0c<\/span>1807<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5168\u9762\u6539\u9769\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u53cd\u5bf9\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u800c\u906d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u65bd\u6cf0\u8335\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6d41\u4ea1\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u6539\u9769\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u5bb0\u76f8\u54c8\u767b\u8d1d\u683c\u4e3b\u6301\u4e0b\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u5386\u7ecf<\/span>19<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u52a8\u8361\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6b27\u6d32<\/span>1848<\/span>\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c“\u65bd\u6cf0\u8335—\u54c8\u767b\u8d1d\u683c”\u6539\u9769\u7ec8\u4e8e\u4f7f\u5f97\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u5f00\u59cb\u8e52\u8dda\u8d70\u4e0a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u4e00\u4ee3\u5e1d\u4e1a\u7684\u5bb0\u76f8\u4ffe\u65af\u9ea6\u8d70\u4e0a\u653f\u6cbb\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u7ec4\u5408\u4e5f\u7ec8\u4e8e\u4ece\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86\u5f3a\u541b\u5f3a\u76f8\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u5f31\u541b\u5f3a\u76f8\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span>3.<\/span>\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb0\u76f8\u597d\u60e8\uff1a\u6218\u6218\u5162\u5162\u96be\u5584\u7ec8<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5e1d\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u76f8\u5f53\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u603b\u4f53\u653f\u6cbb\u6548\u679c\u9664\u4e86\u6e05\u671d\u5dee\u5f3a\u4eba\u610f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e0e\u66b4\u653f\u51e0\u4e4e\u96f6\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6731\u5143\u748b\u88c1\u64a4\u4e1e\u76f8\u804c\u4f4d\u548c\u4e2d\u4e66\u7701\u4e4b\u540e<\/span>(<\/span>\u660e\u6e05\u8fd1<\/span>550<\/span>\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u6709\u541b\u65e0\u76f8\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u91cc\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u5219\u88ab\u5f3a\u541b\u65e0\u76f8\u6216\u5f31\u541b\u6743\u81e3\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u621a\u6216\u5ba6\u5b98\u5e72\u653f\u6240\u586b\u585e<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u65e9\u5728\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u65f6\u671f\u5c31\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u674e\u65af\u867d\u662f\u80fd\u76f8\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u8fd9\u66b4\u541b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u4e0d\u5f97\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e86\uff0c\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0·\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u672c\u7eaa\u300b\u91cc\u8bb0\u8f7d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u6709\u56de\u5728\u6881\u5c71\u5bab\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u5c71\u4e0b\u4e1e\u76f8\u674e\u65af\u8f66\u9a91\u968f\u4ece\u9887\u4f17\u800c\u4e0d\u60a6\uff0c\u5bab\u4e2d\u6709\u4eba\u56e0\u6b64\u544a\u8bc9\u674e\u65af\uff0c\u674e\u65af\u540e\u6765\u5c31\u8f7b\u8f66\u7b80\u4ece\uff0c\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u4eba\u6cc4\u9732\u4ed6\u884c\u8e2a\uff0c\u5ba1\u95ee\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c06\u5f53\u65f6\u968f\u4f8d\u7684\u4eba\u5168\u90e8\u6740\u6389\uff0c\u4e8e\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u7684\u731c\u5fcc\u548c\u6b8b\u66b4\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u5927\u81e3\u4eec\u7109\u6709\u4e0d\u6218\u6218\u5162\u5162\u4e4b\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5218\u5f7b\u662f\u7ee7\u5b34\u653f\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u8457\u540d\u66b4\u541b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4f4d\u4e94\u5341\u56db\u5e74\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u4efb\u7528\u4e86\u5341\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e1e\u76f8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9664\u4e86\u4e09\u4f4d\u6b63\u5e38\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5916\uff0c\u56db\u4f4d\u88ab\u514d\u804c\uff0c\u4e09\u4f4d\u88ab\u903c\u81ea\u6740\uff0c\u4e09\u4f4d\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u6b7b\u3002\u516c\u5b59\u8d3a\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u4e1e\u76f8\u65f6\u6cea\u6d41\u6ee1\u9762\u3001\u53e9\u5730\u4e0d\u8d77\u3001\u4e0d\u613f\u53d7\u5370\uff0c\u65e0\u5948\u53d7\u5370\u540e\u51fa\u671d\u5373\u4ef0\u5929\u957f\u53f9\uff1a“\u6211\u5b8c\u4e86<\/span>!<\/span>”\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\u540e\u5168\u65cf\u88ab\u8bdb\u3002\u5218\u5c48\u6c02\u66f4\u60e8\uff0c\u5f53\u5bb0\u76f8\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u5e74\u534a\uff0c\u5168\u5bb6\u88ab\u622e\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u5218\u5f7b\u7684\u5802\u4f84\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5218\u79c0\u867d\u4ee5“\u67d4\u9053”\u6cbb\u56fd\u8457\u79f0\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5bf9\u671d\u5ef7\u547d\u5b98\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee5\u4e25\u5389\u8457\u79f0\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u88ab\u4ed6\u4e3b\u52a8\u514d\u804c\u7684\u5927\u53f8\u7a7a<\/span>(<\/span>\u638c\u6c34\u571f\u4e8b<\/span>)<\/span>\u5c31\u6709\u738b\u6881\u7b49\u56db\u4f4d\uff0c\u5927\u53f8\u5f92<\/span>(<\/span>\u638c\u4eba\u6c11\u4e8b<\/span>)<\/span>\u97e9\u6b46\u56e0\u76f4\u8a00\u800c\u88ab\u4ed6\u903c\u4ee4\u81ea\u6740\uff0c\u5927\u53f8\u5f92\u6b27\u9633\u6b59\u3001\u6234\u6d89\u90fd\u56e0\u8d2a\u8d3f\u6848\u53d1\u88ab\u6740\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u53f8\u5f92\u3001\u5927\u53f8\u7a7a\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e09\u516c\u867d\u5df2\u662f\u5080\u5121\uff0c\u4e8b\u6743\u5df2\u5f52\u53f0\u9601\uff0c\u4f46\u5218\u79c0\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bbd\u5f85\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u8303\u6654\u300a\u540e\u6c49\u4e66·\u7533\u5c60\u521a\u4f20\u300b\u6279\u8bc4\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u65f6\u5185\u5916\u7fa4\u5b98\uff0c\u591a\u5e1d\u81ea\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u6cd5\u7406\u4e25\u5bdf\uff0c\u804c\u4e8b\u8fc7\u82e6\uff0c\u5c1a\u4e66\u8fd1\u81e3\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u6376\u6251\u7275\u66f3\u4e8e\u524d\uff0c\u7fa4\u81e3\u83ab\u6562\u6b63\u8a00\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span>4.<\/span>\u60e8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6781\u9650\u7684\uff1a\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u6848\uff0c\u6731\u68e3\u706d\u5341\u65cf<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u7684\u6781\u81f4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u660e\u592a\u7956\u6731\u5143\u748b\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4ed6\u51b3\u5fc3\u88c1\u64a4\u4e1e\u76f8\u804c\u4f4d\u7684\u662f\u80e1\u60df\u5eb8\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6240\u8c13\u80e1\u60df\u5eb8\u8c0b\u53cd\u5927\u6848\uff0c\u53f2\u8f7d\u6731\u5143\u748b\u6740\u4e86\u4e09\u4e07\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u80e1\u6848\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u84dd\u7389\u8c0b\u53cd\u6848\uff0c\u5219\u6740\u4e86\u4e00\u4e07\u4e94\u5343\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u6731\u5143\u748b\u66fe\u4efb\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u56db\u4efb\u5bb0\u76f8\u674e\u5584\u957f\u3001\u80e1\u60df\u5eb8\u3001\u6c6a\u5e7f\u6d0b\u3001\u5f90\u8fbe\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f90\u8fbe\u6ca1\u88ab\u8bdb\u6740<\/span>(<\/span>\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u6d41\u4f20\u4ed6\u80cc\u53d1\u6bd2\u75ae\u65f6\u88ab\u6731\u5143\u748b\u5fa1\u8d50\u7684\u5fcc\u98df\u84b8\u9e45\u6bd2\u6740<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u674e\u3001\u80e1\u4e24\u5bb6\u5c24\u4e3a\u60e8\u70c8\u3002<\/span>(<\/span>\u6731\u5143\u748b\u9664\u4e86\u8086\u610f\u8bdb\u6740\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e73\u6c11\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec1\u6148\uff0c<\/span>1398<\/span>\u5e74\u4ed6\u6b7b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u751a\u81f3\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u4e27\u5fc3\u75c5\u72c2\u7684\u6b89\u846c\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u8ba9<\/span>46<\/span>\u4f4d\u540e\u5bab\u5ad4\u5983\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6b89\u846c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u76f4\u5230\u660e\u82f1\u5b97\u6731\u7941\u9547<\/span>1464<\/span>\u5e74\u6b7b\u65f6\u624d\u5e9f\u9664\uff0c\u6e05\u521d\u8be5\u6076\u5236\u77ed\u671f\u590d\u6d3b\u540e\u88ab\u6e05\u5723\u7956\u7384\u70e8\u4e8e\u5eb7\u7199\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\u7684<\/span>1673<\/span>\u5e74\u5f7b\u5e95\u5e9f\u9664<\/span>)<\/span>\u6731\u5143\u748b\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u5b50\u6731\u68e3\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u52a8\u9756\u96be\u4e4b\u5f79\u800c\u7be1\u593a\u7687\u4f4d\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f85\u5927\u81e3\u548c\u5bab\u4eba\u90fd\u6781\u5176\u6b8b\u66b4\uff0c\u6709\u53f2\u4e66\u751a\u81f3\u8bf4\u4ed6\u65e0\u65e5\u4e0d\u6740\u4eba——\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u6b7b\u540e\u8ba9<\/span>30<\/span>\u591a\u4f4d\u5ad4\u5983\u966a\u846c\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u65b9\u5b5d\u5b7a\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u706d\u7edd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ec5\u65b9\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u5c31\u88ab\u5c60\u6740\u4e86<\/span>873<\/span>\u4eba\uff0c\u53f7\u79f0\u706d\u5341\u65cf——\u8ffd\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6731\u68e3\u81ea\u521b\u7684\u95e8\u751f\u65cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6848\u88ab\u7275\u8fde\u6d41\u653e\u7684\u4eba\u5219\u591a\u8fbe\u8fd1<\/span>1500<\/span>\u4eba\u3002\u66f4\u52a0\u532a\u5937\u6240\u601d\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u5728\u540e\u5bab\u5927\u5f00\u6740\u6212\uff0c\u5c60\u622e\u5bab\u5973\u6570\u5343\u4eba\u66f4\u662f\u9a87\u4eba\u542c\u95fb\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\u66b4\u541b\uff0c\u5374\u56e0\u5176\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6587\u6cbb\u6b66\u529f\u800c\u5e7f\u53d7\u8d5e\u8a89\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u5c31\u66f4\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6c49\u5ba3\u5e1d\u5218\u8be2\u4e0e\u5176\u4e03\u4f4d\u4e1e\u76f8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bd4\u8f83\u878d\u6d3d\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u4e0d\u6613\u5f15\u8d77\u53f2\u5bb6\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u5386\u4ee3\u66b4\u541b\u8d25\u653f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u4ee5\u81f3\u65e0\u76f8\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8457\u540d\u66b4\u541b\u6840\u3001\u7ea3\u3001\u968b\u7080\u5e1d\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8be6\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span>5.<\/span>\u5947\u7279\u7684\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\uff1a\u8d21\u7ae5\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f4d\u9ad8\u6743\u91cd\u5e38\u6210\u50ac\u547d\u7b26<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u9664\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u4e0a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ee3\u8868\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u578b\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8457\u540d\u751f\u4ea7\u57fa\u5730\u3002\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u5b98\u50da\u9009\u62d4\u5236\u5ea6\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u8d35\u65cf\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f0f\u7684\u79d1\u4e3e\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6210\u719f\u4e8e<\/span>15<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8d21\u7ae5\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5236\u5ea6\u6ee5\u89de\u4e8e<\/span>13<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u5974\u96b6\u5236\u5373\u9a6c\u7a46\u9c81\u514b\u5236<\/span>(Mamalik)<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>14<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u665a\u671f\u82cf\u4e39\u5df4\u8036\u6d4e\u5fb7\u4e00\u4e16<\/span>(<\/span>\u7ea6<\/span>1354<\/span>—<\/span>1403<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u9a6c\u7a46\u9c81\u514b\u5236\u7684\u62db\u52df\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u518d\u7ecf\u82cf\u4e39\u8302\u62c9\u5fb7\u4e8c\u4e16\u4e8e<\/span>1432<\/span>\u5e74\u6539\u9020\u4e3a\u8d21\u7ae5\u5236<\/span>(<\/span>\u5373\u8457\u540d\u7684“\u5fb7\u7c73\u820d\u6885\u5236”<\/span>Devshirme)<\/span>\u3002\u8d21\u7ae5\u5236\u5b9a\u671f<\/span>(<\/span>\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u4e09\u6216\u56db\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\u4ece\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e2d\u62db\u52df\u513f\u7ae5\u5e76\u8017\u65f6\u516b\u5e74\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u57f9\u517b\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u7eaf\u6b63\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u884c\u653f\u4e0e\u519b\u4e8b\u624d\u80fd\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u519b\u4eba\u4e0e\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u8005\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u81e3\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0b\u4e07\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u804c\u4f4d\u3002\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14“<\/span>Vezir<\/span>”\u7684\u539f\u610f\u662f“\u82cf\u4e39\u4e4b\u8db3”\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u6240\u8c13“\u80b1\u9aa8\u4e4b\u81e3”\u53ef\u8c13\u6697\u5408\u3002\u8d21\u7ae5\u5236\u5c06\u975e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7537\u6027\u513f\u7ae5\u4ece\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5e26\u8d70\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u65ad\u7edd\u5176\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5904\u4e8e\u5355\u5b50\u5316\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u88ab\u6d17\u8111\u4e3a\u552f\u82cf\u4e39\u4e4b\u547d\u662f\u4ece\uff0c\u800c\u5f7b\u5e95\u6d88\u9664\u81ea\u7531\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ee7\u627f\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u627f\u8d22\u4ea7\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u5f62\u6210\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u82cf\u4e39\u5bf9\u5cd9\u7684\u96c6\u56e2\u52bf\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5305\u62ec\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u5728\u5185\u5e1d\u56fd\u5b98\u50da\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u548c\u4efb\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e3a\u4e86\u82cf\u4e39\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u7edf\u6cbb\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0e\u547d\u8fd0\u624d\u4f1a\u52a8\u8f84\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u767e\u516b\u5341\u5ea6\u9006\u8f6c\uff0c\u6b7b\u751f\u5e38\u5728\u82cf\u4e39\u7684\u8f6c\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u5927\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u66fe\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u6bd4\u4f5c\u877c\u8681\uff0c\u8bf4\uff1a“\u771f\u4e3b\u8d50\u7ed9\u877c\u8681\u7fc5\u8180\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u5b83\u6b7b\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002”\u4f4d\u9ad8\u6743\u91cd\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u6210\u4e3a\u50ac\u547d\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u522b\u6b8b\u66b4\u7684\u82cf\u4e39\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u6b92\u547d\uff0c\u82cf\u4e39\u585e\u5229\u59c6\u4e00\u4e16<\/span>(Salim I<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1467<\/span>\uff5e<\/span>1520<\/span>\uff0c\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e5d\u4efb\u82cf\u4e39<\/span>)<\/span>\u7edf\u6cbb\u671f\u95f4\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u6d41\u884c\u7740\u4e00\u53e5\u8bc5\u5492\u4eba\u7684\u8bdd\uff1a“\u4f60\u53bb\u7ed9\u51b7\u9177\u8005‘\u585e\u5229\u59c6’\u5f53\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u5427<\/span>!<\/span>”\u5f88\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u82cf\u4e39\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0d\u53d7\u82cf\u4e39\u5144\u5f1f\u4eec\u7684\u89ca\u89ce\uff0c\u82cf\u4e39\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u4e8c\u4e16\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\u4e8e<\/span>1444<\/span>\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u884c\u6781\u5ea6\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684“\u5f11\u4eb2\u6cd5”\uff0c<\/span>1595<\/span>\u5e74\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u4e09\u4e16\u7ee7\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5f11\u4eb2\u6cd5\u6740\u4e86<\/span>19<\/span>\u4f4d\u5144\u5f1f\u548c\u6240\u6709\u59d0\u59b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u76f4\u5230<\/span>17<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u624d\u9010\u6e10\u5f0f\u5fae\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u50a8\u4f4d\u4e4b\u4e89\u800c\u81ea\u76f8\u6b8b\u6740\u4f9d\u7136\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f\u3002\u5f11\u4eb2\u6cd5<\/span>(<\/span>\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u5e9f\u9664\u540e\u7684\u60ef\u6027\u6548\u5e94<\/span>)<\/span>\u8fd8\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u6050\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5373\u7687\u5b50\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e89\u593a\u82cf\u4e39\u4e4b\u4f4d\u800c\u4ee5\u6700\u51b7\u9177\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u81ea\u76f8\u6b8b\u6740\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u80fd\u591f\u7559\u4e0b\u7ee7\u627f\u82cf\u4e39\u7684\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u5341\u5206\u5f3a\u608d\u6b8b\u9177\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u82cf\u4e39\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u80fd\u529b\u9a7e\u9a6d\u7fa4\u81e3\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u6743\u529b\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5904\u4e8e\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u578b\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5f3a\u541b\u5f31\u76f8\u578b\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u5584\u653f\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u662f\u8d25\u653f\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u66b4\u653f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e09\u3001\u5f31\u541b\u5f3a\u76f8<\/span>(<\/span>\u81e3<\/span>)<\/span>\u4e0e\u5f31\u541b\u5f31\u76f8<\/span>(<\/span>\u81e3<\/span>)<\/span>\u578b\uff1a\u6743\u6597\u6fc0\u5316\u3001\u653f\u5c40\u52a8\u8361<\/span><\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u4f53\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ece\u6982\u7387\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5f31\u541b\u5f3a\u81e3\u4e0e\u5f31\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u6781\u5176\u591a\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7687\u5b50\u6216\u738b\u5b50\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u5c1a\u4e14\u5728\u4f4d\u7684\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u541b\u4e3b\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u56e0\u4e3a\u6743\u529b\u7684\u731c\u5fcc\u800c\u917f\u51fa\u8165\u98ce\u8840\u96e8\uff0c\u5218\u5f7b\u903c\u53cd\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u592a\u5b50\uff0c\u6731\u5143\u748b\u526a\u9664\u529f\u81e3\u4e3a\u592a\u5b50\u8c0b\u672a\u6765\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u514d\u9aa8\u8089\u76f8\u6b8b\uff0c\u7384\u70e8\u665a\u5e74\u88ab\u7acb\u50a8\u95ee\u9898\u641e\u5f97\u7126\u5934\u70c2\u989d\uff0c\u8fd9\u90fd\u662f\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u50a8\u541b\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u738b\u5b50\u5e38\u5e38\u80fd\u593a\u5ae1\u751a\u81f3\u903c\u5bab\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u968b\u7080\u5e1d\u6768\u5e7f\u5f11\u7236\u767b\u57fa\uff0c\u674e\u4e16\u6c11\u5148\u53d1\u5236\u4eba\u593a\u5ae1\u903c\u8feb\u674e\u6e0a\u9000\u4f4d\uff0c\u6731\u68e3\u6b66\u88c5\u53db\u4e71\u5165\u671d\u95ee\u9f0e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e26\u6709\u653f\u53d8\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7ee7\u4f4d\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u8bf8\u591a\u8840\u8165\u66b4\u8650\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u4f9d\u9760\u8840\u7edf\u7ee7\u627f\u7687\u4f4d\u7684\u592a\u5b50\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u6df1\u5bab\u5927\u9662\u91cc\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u6709\u592a\u5b50\u5e08\u6559\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f46\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6c11\u95f4\u751f\u6d3b\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u5f97\u7687\u5e1d\u4eec\u6027\u683c\u61e6\u5f31\u6216\u602a\u7656\u3001\u6a2a\u66b4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5fc3\u7406\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e2a\u6027\u6781\u5176\u5bb9\u6613\u5f15\u53d1\u5916\u621a\u3001\u5ba6\u5b98\u3001\u6743\u81e3\u7684\u8f6e\u756a\u593a\u6743\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e5f\u5f80\u5f80\u4e92\u76f8\u503e\u8f67\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5f31\u541b\u5f3a\u81e3\u4e0e\u5f31\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f80\u5f80\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5f00\u56fd\u4e00\u4e24\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u5230\u671d\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u5219\u5916\u621a\u3001\u5ba6\u5b98\u3001\u6743\u81e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u6597\u5f80\u5f80\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u767d\u70ed\u5316\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span>1.<\/span>\u56de\u671b\u56fd\u53f2\uff1a\u5916\u621a\u3001\u5ba6\u5b98\u3001\u6743\u81e3\u76f8\u4e92\u503e\u8f67\u3001\u8f6e\u756a\u593a\u6743<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u6b7b\u540e\u5b34\u80e1\u4ea5\u867d\u88ab\u8d75\u9ad8\u62e5\u6234\u4e3a\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u88ab\u4ed6\u5f7b\u5e95\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5218\u90a6\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u5415\u540e\u4e34\u671d\uff0c\u5218\u76c8\u662f\u5080\u5121<\/span>;<\/span>\u5468\u52c3\u9648\u5e73\u94f2\u5415\u590d\u5218\u540e\uff0c\u7ecf\u6587\u666f\u6b66\u4e09\u5e1d\uff0c\u5230\u662d\u5e1d\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u6743\u843d\u4e8e\u970d\u5149\u4e4b\u624b\u3002\u970d\u5149\u540d\u4e3a\u8f85\u4f50\u6c49\u662d\u5e1d\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u5f7b\u5e95\u5265\u6743\uff0c\u662d\u5e1d\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u970d\u5149\u6700\u521d\u62e5\u5218\u8d3a\u4e0a\u53f0\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5218\u8d3a\u5b9e\u5728\u7ea8\u7ed4\u6deb\u9761\uff0c\u4ec5\u505a\u4e86<\/span>27<\/span>\u5929\u7687\u5e1d\u5c31\u88ab\u5e9f\u9edc\uff0c\u6c49\u5ba3\u5e1d\u65e9\u5e74\u4e5f\u5b8c\u5168\u6d3b\u5728\u970d\u5149\u7684\u9634\u5f71\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6218\u6218\u5162\u5162<\/span>;<\/span>\u5ba3\u5e1d\u590d\u5218\uff0c\u53ea\u7ecf\u5143\u5e1d\u5218\u596d\u4e00\u671d\uff0c\u5927\u6743\u518d\u6b21\u65c1\u843d\uff0c\u6210\u5e1d\u5218\u9a9c\u65f6\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5916\u621a\u3001\u5ba6\u5b98\u3001\u6743\u81e3\u8f6e\u756a\u4e0a\u53f0\uff0c\u6c49\u5e73\u5e1d\u5218\u884e\u53ea\u662f\u738b\u83bd\u7be1\u6c49\u524d\u7684\u5080\u5121\uff0c\u5b7a\u5b50\u5a74\u66f4\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u738b\u83bd\u7be1\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5149\u6b66\u3001\u660e\u5e1d\u4e24\u671d<\/span>49<\/span>\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e1c\u6c49<\/span>195<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u5e1d\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd1<\/span>150<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u5e1d\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u6743\u529b\u90fd\u5728\u5916\u621a\u3001\u5ba6\u5b98\u548c\u6743\u81e3\u95f4\u6253\u8f6c\uff0c\u6c49\u987a\u5e1d\u5218\u4fdd\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u73a9\u5f04\u4e8e\u5ba6\u5b98\u4e0e\u5916\u621a\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u6c49\u8d28\u5e1d\u5218\u7f35\u56e0\u4e3a\u592a\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec5\u516b\u5c81\u5c31\u88ab\u8dcb\u6248\u5c06\u519b\u6881\u5180\u5e72\u8106\u6bd2\u6b7b\uff0c\u6c49\u732e\u5e1d\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u66f9\u64cd“\u631f\u5929\u5b50\u4ee5\u4ee4\u8bf8\u4faf”\u7684\u9053\u5177\uff0c\u4e1c\u6c49\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u706d\u4ea1\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5510\u9664\u4e86\u524d\u671f\u4e3a\u65f6\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\u7684\u6b66\u540e\u593a\u795a\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7384\u5b97\u674e\u9686\u57fa\u65f6\u5ba6\u5b98\u548c\u5916\u621a\u7684\u6743\u52bf\u5c31\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5230\u4ee3\u5b97\u674e\u8c6b\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u9664\u4e86\u5fb7\u5b97\u674e\u9002\u3001\u987a\u5b97\u674e\u8bf5\u3001\u656c\u5b97\u674e\u6e5b\u6b63\u5e38\u7ee7\u4f4d\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5747\u4e3a\u5ba6\u5b98\u62e5\u7acb\uff0c\u5510\u671d<\/span>289<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>21<\/span>\u5e1d\uff0c\u6709<\/span>10<\/span>\u4f4d\u7687\u5e1d\u662f\u592a\u76d1\u62e5\u7acb\uff0c\u6240\u5360\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u95f4\u8fbe<\/span>110<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4ee3\u5b97\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5916\u621a\u4e0e\u5ba6\u5b98\u5e72\u653f\uff0c\u5c31\u8fc7\u5510\u671d\u603b\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e86\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u7384\u5b97\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u85e9\u9547\u5272\u636e\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u76db\u5510\u6c14\u8c61\u65e0\u975e\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u6035\u76ee\u60ca\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4e24\u5b8b<\/span>319<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u671d\u5386\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u7687\u6743\u4e0e\u76f8\u6743\u5904\u5f97\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65f6\u671f<\/span>(<\/span>\u5f00\u56fd\u767e\u5e74\u672a\u66fe\u6740\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u81e3\uff0c\u56fd\u53f2\u65e0\u53cc\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6740\u6587\u81e3\u5373\u4e3a\u5176“\u7956\u5236”\u4e4b\u4e00<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8d75\u5321\u80e4\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u540e\u4e16\u7687\u5e1d\u9075\u5faa\u7956\u5236\uff0c\u5ba6\u5b98\u3001\u5916\u621a\u3001\u519b\u9600\u5747\u672a\u6784\u6210\u5927\u5b8b\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5a01\u80c1——\u867d\u7136\u6709\u8fc7\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u5ba6\u5b98\u56a3\u5f20\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u540e\u5bab\u867d\u6709\u5e72\u653f\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u552f\u72ec\u6b66\u5c06\u88ab\u8f96\u5236\u8fc7\u91cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u6b66\u529f\u592a\u5f31\uff0c\u7ec8\u81f3\u706d\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u5df2\u5c5e\u5185\u653f\u8f83\u4e3a\u6e05\u660e\u4e4b\u671d\uff0c\u72ec\u5177\u4e00\u683c\uff0c\u582a\u4e3a\u8868\u7387\u3002\u8d75\u5321\u80e4\u6240\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\u5b88\u6210\u4e4b\u5236\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e2\u4e0d\u9f13\u52b1\u96c4\u624d\u5927\u7565\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9f13\u52b1\u6743\u503e\u671d\u91ce\u7684\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u5404\u65b9\u76f8\u5b89\u65e0\u4e8b\u3002\u6545\u4e0e\u5386\u671d\u53ca\u540e\u4e16\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e24\u5b8b\u7684\u541b\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u7b97\u76f8\u5f53\u878d\u6d3d\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u5236\u7684\u5148\u5929\u57fa\u56e0\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u4e24\u5b8b\u9664\u4e86\u51fa\u540d\u81e3\u5927\u81e3\u5982\u8303\u4ef2\u6df9\u3001\u53f8\u9a6c\u5149\u3001\u738b\u5b89\u77f3\u7b49\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u6743\u81e3\uff0c\u5982\u8521\u4eac\u3001\u8d3e\u4f3c\u9053\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u81f3\u4e8e\u660e\u6e05\u4e24\u671d\uff0c\u81ea\u6731\u5143\u748b\u7f62\u76f8\u540e\uff0c\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u7684\u5f31\u81e3\u5df2\u6210\u5b9a\u5c40\uff0c\u4f46\u660e\u81ea\u6731\u68e3\u4e4b\u540e\u91cd\u7528\u5ba6\u5b98\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e2d\u671d<\/span>(<\/span>\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5ba6\u5b98<\/span>)<\/span>\u78be\u8f67\u5916\u671d\u7684\u957f\u671f\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u5ba6\u5b98\u4e4b\u6743\u51cc\u9a7e\u4e8e\u5bb0\u8f85\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5916\u671d\u5927\u81e3\u53ea\u6709\u4e0e\u5ba6\u5b98\u52fe\u7ed3\u624d\u80fd\u505a\u70b9\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u6770\u51fa\u5982\u5f20\u5c45\u6b63\u8005\u4e5f\u4e0d\u514d\uff0c\u6743\u81e3\u4e25\u5d69\u7236\u5b50\u66f4\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8bf4\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u660e\u5236\u56e0\u5176\u6781\u7aef\u6253\u538b\u5916\u671d\uff0c\u800c\u5206\u91cf\u6781\u91cd\u7684\u8a00\u5b98\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u5316\u5916\u671d\u81ea\u8eab\uff0c\u6545\u7ec8\u6709\u660e<\/span>276<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u671d\u5ef7\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6743\u529b\u683c\u5c40\u5c31\u662f\u66b4\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u3001\u660f\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u660e\u601d\u5b97\u6731\u7531\u68c0\u5c5e\u4e8e\u660f\u66b4\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u79c9\u653f<\/span>17<\/span>\u5e74\u6362\u4e86<\/span>50<\/span>\u4f4d\u5185\u9601\u5927\u5b66\u58eb<\/span>(<\/span>\u5373\u9996\u8f85\u6216\u526f\u9996\u8f85\uff0c\u540e\u4eba\u6709\u6240\u8c13“\u5d07\u796f\u4e94\u5341\u76f8”\u4e4b\u8ba5<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u6cbb\u56fd\u6709\u591a\u65e0\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u52e4\u653f\u7684\u65e0\u80fd\u6bd4\u5f7b\u5e95\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u3002\u6e05\u671d\u867d\u7136\u7687\u5e1d\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u52e4\u653f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u671d\u90a3\u4e9b\u8352\u5510\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5c11\u89c1\u7684\u5eb7\u4e7e\u76db\u4e16\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u6e05\u5ba3\u5b97\u7231\u65b0\u89c9\u7f57•\u65fb\u5b81\u9053\u5149\u5e74\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u5916\u6709\u897f\u65b9\u5217\u5f3a\uff0c\u81ea\u54b8\u4e30\u4e4b\u540e\u5185\u6709\u897f\u5bab\u5782\u5e18\u3001\u5ba6\u5b98\u5e72\u653f\uff0c\u4f46\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u540e\u8005\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u4e24\u6c49\u3001\u5510\u660e\u90a3\u4e48\u4e25\u91cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span>2.<\/span>\u770b\u897f\u53f2\uff1a\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u82cf\u4e39\u5982\u5750\u9488\u6be1\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u56f0\u4e8e\u66b4\u541b\u4e0e\u6b66\u592b<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f31<\/span>(<\/span>\u660f<\/span>)<\/span>\u541b\u5f3a\u81e3\u3001\u660f\u541b\u5f31\u81e3\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u5e1d\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u56e0\u6781\u5176\u6ce8\u91cd\u5e1d\u56fd\u6b66\u529f\uff0c\u82cf\u4e39\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u597d\u5750\u3002\u5927\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u56fa\u7136\u671d\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5915\uff0c\u82cf\u4e39\u4eec\u4e5f\u5982\u5750\u9488\u6be1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u6218\u4e89\u906d\u53d7\u6307\u8d23\uff0c\u627f\u53d7\u803b\u8fb1\u3002\u5728<\/span>1280<\/span>\u5e74\u5230<\/span>1922<\/span>\u5e74\u7684<\/span>642<\/span>\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u5927\u4f4d\u7684<\/span>36<\/span>\u4f4d\u82cf\u4e39\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709<\/span>17<\/span>\u4f4d\u906d\u5230\u5e9f\u9edc\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f8\u5f53\u6781\u7aef\u548c\u602a\u5f02\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u5236\u7684\u541b\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5965\u53e4\u65af\u90fd\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u7981\u536b\u519b\u56e2\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b66\u529b\u4fdd\u62a4\u5143\u9996\u3001\u904f\u5236\u5143\u8001\u9662\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e4b\u8870\u4ea1\u4fbf\u8d77\u56e0\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u7981\u536b\u519b\u56e2\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u957f\u671f\u6d78\u6ce1\u4e8e\u66b4\u541b\u4e0e\u6b66\u592b\u917f\u5236\u7684\u6bd2\u9152\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7981\u536b\u519b\u6210\u4e86\u7687\u5e1d\u5e9f\u7acb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u516c\u5143<\/span>193<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u7981\u536b\u519b\u56e2\u751a\u81f3\u95f9\u51fa\u62cd\u5356\u5e1d\u4f4d\u7684\u8352\u5510\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fea\u72c4\u4e4c\u65af·\u5c24\u5229\u5b89\u7ade\u62cd\u83b7\u80dc\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3e\u5f15\u53d1\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u89ca\u89ce\u7687\u5e1d\u5b9d\u5ea7<\/span>;<\/span>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5c01\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u585e\u666e\u63d0\u7c73\u4e4c\u65af·\u585e\u7ef4\u9c81\u65af\u56e0\u6b64\u8d77\u5175\u53eb\u677f\u5e1d\u4f4d\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u5175\u4e34\u57ce\u4e0b\u4e4b\u9645\u5143\u8001\u9662\u5ba3\u5e03\u585e\u7ef4\u9c81\u65af\u4e3a\u5408\u6cd5\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u5c24\u5229\u5b89\u88ab\u5904\u51b3\uff0c\u53ea\u8fc7\u4e86<\/span>66<\/span>\u5929\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u763e\u3002\u5982\u5409\u672c\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u8870\u4ea1\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u5f00\u7bc7\u6240\u8a00\uff1a“\u4ece\u5965\u53e4\u65af\u90fd\u5230\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927·\u585e\u7ef4\u9c81\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u5c31\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6000\u62b1\u4e4b\u4e2d——\u66b4\u541b\u4e0e\u6b66\u592b\u3002”\u7981\u536b\u519b\u56e2\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u714a\u8d6b\u6b66\u529b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u7740\u4e94\u767e\u5e74\u5171\u548c\u4e0e\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba——\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e00\u4ee3\u5143\u8001\u9662\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\u4eec\u4ee5\u53ca\u666e\u901a\u516c\u6c11\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u5bb9\u5fcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u4f53\u4ece\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u6700\u540e\u88ab\u5f02\u65cf\u6240\u706d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u96c6\u6743\u6216\u5206\u6743<\/span>?<\/span><\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u541b\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e0e\u5426\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u5927\u54f2\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u65e9\u5728<\/span>2300<\/span>\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5373\u5df2\u5f52\u7eb3\u51fa\u6743\u529b\u6240\u901a\u5e38\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u4e09\u9879\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5373\u8bae\u4e8b\u529f\u80fd<\/span>(<\/span>\u7acb\u6cd5\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56<\/span>)<\/span>\u3001\u884c\u653f\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u529f\u80fd<\/span>(<\/span>\u8fd9\u6210\u4e3a\u540e\u4e16\u5b5f\u5fb7\u65af\u9e20\u5f00\u521b\u7684\u4e09\u6743\u5206\u7acb\u6216\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\u72ec\u7acb\u5baa\u653f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6ee5\u89de<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e09\u9879\u6743\u529b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5e94\u5f53\u5404\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6743\u529b\u90e8\u95e8\u6765\u884c\u4f7f\u3002\u4e0e\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u6240\u63a8\u5d07\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u4ee3\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u5236\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u533a\u5206\u6743\u529b\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u9879\u529f\u80fd——\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u7687\u6743\u6216\u76f8\u6743\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u540c\u65f6\u884c\u4f7f\u7740\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u541b\u76f8\u6743\u529b\u8bba\uff1a\u96c6\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u8bef\u533a<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u7531\u4e8e\u4e09\u9879\u6743\u80fd\u7684\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5206\u7acb\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u957f\u671f\u6ca1\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u601d\u8003\u66f4\u6ca1\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u541b\u6743\u548c\u76f8\u6743\u4e24\u6743\u8f7b\u91cd\u5b70\u4f18\u5b70\u52a3\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5206\u6743\u601d\u7ef4\u800c\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u7406\u6240\u5f53\u7136\u7684\u96c6\u6743\u89c2\u5ff5\u6240\u4e3b\u5bb0\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u67d0\u671d\u67d0\u4ee3\u541b\u6743\u76f8\u6743\u5173\u7cfb\u770b\u6709\u65f6\u541b\u6743\u5f3a\u662f\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u76f8\u6743\u91cd\u662f\u7978\u5bb3\uff0c\u5b70\u4f18\u5b70\u52a3\u5b8c\u5168\u770b\u53cc\u65b9\u4e89\u6743\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u6743\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u65e0\u8bba\u541b\u6743\u8fd8\u662f\u76f8\u6743\u4e00\u65e6\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5236\u8861\u6210\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u707e\u96be\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u6982\u7387\u548c\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u7687\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u8981\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u76f8\u6743\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u5236\u8fd9\u79cd\u6743\u529b\u5236\u5ea6\u672c\u8eab\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u7687\u6743\u7ee7\u4e8e\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u76f8\u4f4d\u591a\u8d56\u4e8e\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u540d\u671b<\/span>(<\/span>\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u5982\u6768\u56fd\u5fe0\u8fd9\u79cd\u56e0\u59b9\u5b50\u5f97\u5ba0\u800c\u5f53\u4e0a\u5bb0\u76f8\u7684<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u5bb0\u76f8\u7684\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u6982\u7387\u4e0a\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u6b64\u5176\u4e00<\/span>;<\/span>\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u7687\u6743\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u9ad8\u4e8e\u76f8\u6743\uff0c\u76f8\u6743\u4ece\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7687\u6743\uff0c\u7687\u5e1d\u82e5\u80e1\u4f5c\u975e\u4e3a\uff0c\u5236\u8861\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5c11\uff0c\u76f8\u6743\u82e5\u80e1\u4f5c\u975e\u4e3a\uff0c\u5219\u5236\u8861\u529b\u8981\u5f3a\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u864e\u89c6\u7708\u7708\u7684\u540c\u50da\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8c0f\u5b98\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u5bf9\u800c\u8a00\u76f8\u6743\u6bd4\u7687\u6743\u66f4\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u7531\u4e8e\u7687\u6743\u91cd\u4e8e\u76f8\u6743\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u76f8\u6743\u91cd\u4e8e\u7687\u6743\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u5927\u7978\u5bb3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u60ef\u5e38\u73b0\u8c61\u906e\u853d\u4e86\u6743\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u73b0\u8c61\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9ec4\u5b97\u7fb2\u300a\u660e\u5937\u5f85\u8bbf\u5f55\u300b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8fd1\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u51e0\u90e8\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6279\u5224\u7687\u6743\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d“\u7f6e\u76f8”\u7bc7\u8d77\u53e5\u5c31\u662f\uff1a“\u6709\u660e\u4e4b\u65e0\u5584\u6cbb\uff0c\u81ea\u9ad8\u7687\u5e1d\u7f62\u4e1e\u76f8\u59cb\u4e5f\u3002”\u53ef\u89c1\u5176\u5bf9\u88c1\u64a4\u4e1e\u76f8\u5236\u5ea6\u4e00\u4e8b\u4e4b\u75db\u5fc3\u75be\u9996\uff0c\u800c\u8be5\u7bc7\u6240\u8bae\u8bba\u7684\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u5bb0\u76f8\u6bd4\u7687\u5e1d\u66f4\u80fd\u8fd0\u7528\u597d\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u90fd\u5f52\u7687\u5e1d\u6cbb\u9053\u4e0a\u5fc5\u65e0\u5584\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u65e6\u9047\u5230\u5e7c\u4e3b\u5f31\u4e3b\uff0c\u7687\u6743\u5fc5\u65c1\u843d\u81f3\u5916\u621a\u6216\u5bab\u5974\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u5bb0\u76f8\u5219\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u80fd\u529b\u62c5\u4efb\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u96c6\u6743\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u5374\u662f\u9ec4\u5b97\u7fb2\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u539f\u541b\u300b\u7bc7\u91cc\u5bf9\u6b64\u5236\u5ea6\u6709\u6240\u7591\u95ee\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u541b\u6743\u96c6\u6743\u8fd8\u662f\u76f8\u6743\u96c6\u6743\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u541b\u4e3b\u6216\u67d0\u4e2a\u5bb0\u76f8\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8150\u8680\u6027\u5374\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u81f3\u9ad8\u7687\u6743\u843d\u5728\u968b\u7080\u5e1d\u624b\u91cc\u548c\u843d\u5728\u5eb7\u7199\u7687\u5e1d\u624b\u91cc\u786e\u5b9e\u6548\u679c\u5927\u76f8\u5f84\u5ead\uff0c\u76f8\u6743\u843d\u5728\u8d75\u9ad8\u3001\u4e25\u5d69\u4e4b\u624b\u548c\u843d\u5728\u8bf8\u845b\u4eae\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u76f8\u8ddd\u751a\u8fdc\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u7d20\u4ee5“\u67d4\u9053”\u6cbb\u56fd\u8457\u79f0\u7684\u5149\u6b66\u5e1d\uff0c\u8303\u6654\u300a\u540e\u6c49\u4e66·\u7533\u5c60\u521a\u4f20\u300b\u91cc\u4e5f\u6279\u8bc4\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5b98\u5458\u8086\u610f\u51cc\u8fb1\u3001\u52a8\u8f84\u6376\u695a\uff0c\u5510\u592a\u5b97\u6e05\u660e\u6f84\u6f88\u65f6\u80fd\u542c\u8bf8\u76f8\u4e4b\u8a00\uff0c\u660f\u8069\u8ff7\u4e71\u65f6\u5374\u4e00\u529b\u5f81\u9ad8\u4e3d\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5927\u8d25\u800c\u5f52\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u660e\u541b\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u9051\u8bba\u660f\u541b\u66b4\u541b<\/span>;<\/span>\u541b\u4e3b\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5927\u81e3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u970d\u5149\uff0c\u5728\u6c49\u6b66\u5e1d\u65f6\u770b\u4f3c\u552f\u552f\u8bfa\u8bfa\uff0c\u4f46\u5230\u662d\u5ba3\u65f6\u4ee3\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u526a\u9664\u653f\u654c\u800c\u51e0\u4e3a\u81f3\u5c0a<\/span>;<\/span>……<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u7a77\u65e0\u5c3d\u5730\u5217\u4e3e\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4e0d\u51fa\u5728\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u51fa\u5728\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6fc0\u52b1\u673a\u5236\u5177\u6709\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u53ef\u5851\u6027——\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6258\u5c14\u91d1\u7b14\u4e0b\u7684\u9b54\u6212\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u54c1\u6027\u4f18\u5f02\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8d25\u574f\u6210\u9a87\u4eba\u542c\u95fb\u7684\u6076\u68cd\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5438\u6bd2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e94\u5927\u4e09\u7c97\u7684\u58ee\u6c49\u53d8\u6210\u7626\u9aa8\u5d99\u5ccb\u7684\u5782\u6b7b\u4e4b\u4eba\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u7687\u5e1d\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u8d8a\u6539\u8d8a\u7b26\u5408\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u751a\u81f3\u5e38\u5e38\u53ea\u662f\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u7687\u5e1d\u6539\u9769\u8005\u672c\u4eba\u63fd\u6743\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4e00\u5230\u540e\u4ee3\u5c31\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u529b\u9a7e\u9a6d\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7cdf\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5e1d\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e24\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u7687\u6743\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5f3a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5438\u6743\u529b\u4e4b\u6bd2\u4e0a\u763e\u52a0\u5927\u5242\u91cf\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u4e0d\u65ad\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u5343\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u7687\u6743\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u91cd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u5236\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5f3a\u548c\u6743\u529b\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u4f4f\u574f\u7a7a\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u7687\u6743\u7684\u6d88\u957f\u51b3\u5b9a\u76f8\u6743\u7684\u8363\u8870\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5468\u516c\u59ec\u65e6<\/span>(<\/span>\u6700\u65e9\u5efa\u7acb\u5e1d\u56fd\u5b98\u50da\u653f\u6cbb<\/span>)<\/span>\u3001\u5b34\u653f<\/span>(<\/span>\u786e\u7acb\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4e1e\u76f8\u5236\u5ea6<\/span>)<\/span>\u3001\u5218\u90a6<\/span>(<\/span>\u5185\u5916\u671d\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4e1e\u76f8\u5730\u4f4d\u5c0a\u8363<\/span>)<\/span>\u3001\u5218\u5f7b<\/span>(<\/span>\u542f\u4e2d\u671d\u4fb5\u593a\u5916\u671d\u5148\u4f8b\uff0c\u8086\u610f\u5c60\u622e\u5bb0\u76f8<\/span>)<\/span>\u3001\u5218\u79c0<\/span>(<\/span>\u6210\u5e1d\u54c0\u5e1d\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u76f8\u6743\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u6210\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u865a\u5316\uff0c\u6743\u5f52\u53f0\u9601\uff0c\u4e2d\u671d\u4fb5\u593a\u5916\u671d\u6210\u5b9a\u5236<\/span>)<\/span>\u3001\u660e\u592a\u7956\u6731\u5143\u748b<\/span>(<\/span>\u88c1\u64a4\u4e1e\u76f8\u804c\u4f4d\u4e0e\u4e2d\u4e66\u7701\uff0c\u8bbe\u7687\u5e1d\u79d8\u4e66\u5904\u5373\u5185\u9601<\/span>)<\/span>\u3001\u6e05\u4e16\u5b97\u7231\u65b0\u89c9\u7f57·\u80e4\u799b<\/span>(<\/span>\u8bbe\u7687\u5e1d\u79d8\u4e66\u5904\u519b\u673a\u5904\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u5185\u9601<\/span>)<\/span>\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5bb0\u76f8\u5236\u5ea6\u6cbf\u9769\u53f2\u4e0a\u8d77\u8fc7\u6781\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u4ee5\u90e1\u53bf\u5236\u53d6\u4ee3\u5c01\u5efa\u5236\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u6743\u5730\u4f4d\u65e5\u6e10\u8870\u5f31\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u88ab\u6731\u5143\u748b\u5f7b\u5e95\u53d6\u6d88\u3002\u540e\u4eba\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u671d\u4eea\u53d8\u8fc1\u5f52\u7eb3\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u6c49\u5510\u5bb0\u76f8<\/span>(<\/span>\u4e0e\u7687\u5e1d<\/span>)<\/span>\u5750\u800c\u8bba\u9053<\/span>(<\/span>\u8bae\u653f<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u4e24\u5b8b\u5bb0\u76f8\u7ad9\u800c\u8bae\u653f\uff0c\u660e\u6e05“\u5bb0\u76f8”\u8dea\u800c\u8bba\u9053\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3a\u51cf\u5f31\u751a\u81f3\u53d6\u7f14\u76f8\u6743\u6b9a\u7cbe\u7aed\u8651\u7684“\u6709\u4e3a”\u4e4b\u541b\u4eec\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u770b\u5230\u524d\u671d\u7684\u8d25\u4ea1\u800c\u62c5\u5fe7\u672c\u671d\u56fd\u795a\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u5f31\u5316\u76f8\u6743\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b63\u5982\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6bd2\u54c1\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u5242\u91cf\u4e0a\u8ba1\u8f83\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u8981\u6d88\u9664\u6bd2\u54c1\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u5c31\u5f97\u5438\u98df\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6bd2\u54c1\u3002\u5218\u79c0\u4eb2\u89c1\u970d\u5149\u6743\u503e\u4e24\u671d\u3001\u738b\u83bd\u6743\u503e\u56db\u671d\u6700\u540e\u7be1\u593a\u5e1d\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u6743\u529b\u6536\u5f52\u4e2d\u671d\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5f15\u53d1\u540e\u6c49\u8fd1<\/span>150<\/span>\u5e74\u7684\u5916\u621a\u3001\u5ba6\u5b98\u3001\u5916\u671d\u7684\u6df7\u6218\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5236\u5ea6\u53ef\u8c13\u7cdf\u7cd5\u900f\u9876<\/span>;<\/span>\u6731\u5143\u748b\u5219\u6bd4\u5218\u79c0\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u5e9f\u9664\u5bb0\u76f8\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6743\u5f52\u5e1d\u5ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u65c1\u843d\u5bab\u5974<\/span>;<\/span>\u6e05\u627f\u660e\u5236\uff0c\u7a0d\u6709\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u7687\u5e1d\u52e4\u653f\uff0c\u4f46\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u514d\u6700\u540e\u6743\u5f52\u592a\u540e\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u541b\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u56e0\u9644\u7740\u4e8e\u96c6\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\u800c\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u5c40\u3002\u5982\u679c\u541b\u6743\u4fb5\u593a\u4e86\u76f8\u6743\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7687\u5e1d\u6216\u56fd\u738b\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u54c1\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u6548\u679c\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u7d20<\/span>;<\/span>\u5982\u679c\u5927\u81e3\u4fb5\u51cc\u541b\u6743\uff0c\u8086\u610f\u5f04\u6743\u6211\u884c\u6211\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5584\u6076\u6548\u679c\u540c\u6837\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2a\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u4e0e\u54c1\u8d28\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8003\u8bf8\u5404\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6070\u5f53\u884c\u4f7f\u65e0\u9650\u6743\u529b\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u541b\u4e3b\u548c\u6743\u81e3\u90fd\u662f\u6781\u5176\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u88ab\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u60ca\u4e3a\u5343\u53e4\u4e00\u5e1d\u7684\u5eb7\u7199\u7687\u5e1d\u7231\u65b0\u89c9\u7f57·\u7384\u70e8\uff0c\u665a\u5e74\u4e5f\u56e0\u7acb\u50a8\u4e4b\u4e89\u800c\u5fc3\u529b\u4ea4\u7601\uff0c\u800c\u5eb7\u7199\u7687\u5e1d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u96c4\u624d\uff0c\u5728\u56db\u767e\u591a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7687\u5e1d\u91cc\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u9051\u8bba\u5176\u4f59\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u82cf\u4e39\u82cf\u83b1\u66fc\u5927\u5e1d\u3001\u4fc4\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5f7c\u5f97\u5927\u5e1d\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u4e8c\u4e16\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5305\u62ec\u65e9\u5728\u4e24\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5927\u5e1d\uff0c\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u5730\u59a5\u5584\u884c\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u541b\u738b\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5927\u81e3\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5c06\u541b\u6743\u6487\u5728\u4e00\u8fb9\u7684\u4e1e\u76f8\u6216\u6709\u76f8\u6743\u65e0\u76f8\u540d\u7684\u6743\u81e3\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u6743\u503e\u671d\u91ce\u7684\u5927\u5c06\u519b\u4e5f\u7f62\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u884c\u653f\u6548\u679c\u6076\u52a3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e8b\u540e\u5f80\u5f80\u56e0\u5a01\u798f\u81ea\u64c5\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5584\u7ec8\uff0c\u6851\u5f18\u7f8a\u3001\u970d\u5149\u3001\u674e\u5584\u957f\u3001\u5f20\u5c45\u6b63\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u672c\u6587\u5f00\u7bc7\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u5927\u7ef4\u9f50\u5c14\u6613\u535c\u62c9\u6b23<\/span>(<\/span>\u4ed6\u56e0\u4ee5\u82cf\u4e39\u81ea\u5c45\u800c\u88ab\u5904\u6b7b<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u5eb7\u897f\u8bfa•\u5b54\u5947\u5c3c<\/span>(Concino Concini<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1575-1617<\/span>\uff0c\u8def\u6613\u5341\u4e09\u4e3a\u4e86\u4eb2\u653f\u6740\u5176\u5168\u5bb6<\/span>)<\/span>\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5e94\u4e86\u963f\u514b\u987f\u52cb\u7235\u90a3\u53e5\u540d\u8a00\uff1a“\u6743\u529b\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u6743\u529b\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bfc\u81f4\u8150\u8d25\u3002”\u6743\u529b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u8d85\u7ea7\u6bd2\u54c1\uff0c\u80fd\u62d2\u7edd\u5b83\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u4e0d\u4f5c\u6076\u6216\u4e0d\u72af\u9519\u7684\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u6743\u6597\u7684\u638c\u6743\u8005\u6050\u6015\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u81ea\u4fdd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u6597\u6743\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u82e5\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u6743\u6597\u8fde\u5168\u8eab\u800c\u9000\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd<\/span>(<\/span>\u6bd4\u5982\u5510\u4ee3\u674e\u4e16\u6c11\u4e0d\u6740\u674e\u5efa\u6210\u674e\u5efa\u6210\u5c31\u4f1a\u6740\u4e86\u4ed6\uff0c\u592a\u76d1\u674e\u8f85\u56fd\u62e5\u6234\u4ee3\u5b97\u5165\u7ee7\u5927\u7edf\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6848\u4f8b<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u6743\u529b\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u56da\u5f92\u9677\u9631\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e8c\u3001\u5206\u6743\uff1a\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6743\u529b\u5206\u914d\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span><\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\u6743\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5206\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u4e0e\u96c6\u6743\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u5206\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5206\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6743\u529b\u5e76\u4e0d\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u56fd\u738b\u6216\u7687\u5e1d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\uff0c\u5206\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u8457\u540d\u7684\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u3001\u96c5\u5178\u548c\u7f57\u9a6c\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u7684\u7ec8\u8eab\u53cc\u56fd\u738b\u5236\uff0c<\/span>28<\/span>\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8bae\u4e8b\u4f1a<\/span>(<\/span>\u6700\u9ad8\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u5173\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u673a\u5173<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u516c\u5f00\u9009\u62d4\u6267\u653f\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u4e94\u4f4d\u5e73\u6c11\u6267\u653f\u5b98\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a<\/span>(<\/span>\u76d1\u7763\u56fd\u738b\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u662f\u5426\u5b88\u6cd5<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u5f53\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5206\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6240\u53ca\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u4ea6\u88ab\u89c4\u8303\u5230\u519b\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c06\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53e4\u5178\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea6\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u53e4\u4ee3\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8bef\u8bfb\u3002\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u5b58\u5728\u4e86<\/span>800<\/span>\u5e74\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u96c5\u5178\u662f\u53e4\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u7684\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u5176\u5236\u5ea6\u6709\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u96c5\u5178\u516c\u6c11\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57ce\u90a6\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u4e8b\u52a1\u6709\u6743\u5229\u4e5f\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6295\u7968\u8868\u51b3\u9009\u4e3e\u5c06\u519b\u3001\u6bcf\u65e5\u62bd\u7b7e\u8f6e\u503c\u65e5\u5e38\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001\u53c2\u4e0e\u5ba1\u5224\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u884c\u4f7f\u6c11\u4e3b\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u5206\u6563\u5728\u88ab\u9009\u4e3e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5c06\u519b\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u90e8\u5206\u751a\u81f3\u5168\u4f53\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u7968\u51b3<\/span>(<\/span>\u524d\u8005\u6bd4\u5982<\/span>500<\/span>\u4eba\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5982\u9676\u7247\u6d41\u653e\u5236\u5ea6<\/span>)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u7f57\u9a6c\u738b\u653f\u65f6\u671f<\/span>(<\/span>\u7ea6\u524d<\/span>754-<\/span>\u524d<\/span>509<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u638c\u63e1\u5927\u6743\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u7acb\u6cd5\u5b98\u3001\u519b\u961f\u9996\u9886\u3001\u5927\u796d\u7940\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u6743\u529b\u53d7\u5143\u8001\u9662\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\u8282\u5236<\/span>;<\/span>\u5171\u548c\u65f6\u671f<\/span>(<\/span>\u524d<\/span>509<\/span>—\u524d<\/span>27<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u5143\u8001\u9662\u3001\u6267\u653f\u5b98\u3001\u526f\u6267\u653f\u3001\u8d22\u52a1\u5b98\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u653f\u5b98\u5458\u3001\u4fdd\u6c11\u5b98\u3001\u4e09\u79cd\u516c\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a\u5206\u522b\u884c\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5236\u8861<\/span>;<\/span>\u5e1d\u56fd\u65f6\u671f<\/span>(<\/span>\u524d<\/span>27<\/span>—<\/span>395<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u897f\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd<\/span>476<\/span>\u5e74\u4ea1\u4e8e\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u4eba\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u4e1c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd<\/span>1453<\/span>\u5e74\u4ea1\u4e8e\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u6bd4\u4e4b\u524d\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5143\u8001\u9662\u5730\u4f4d\u5927\u5927\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u4e03\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u5206\u6743\u4f20\u7edf\u5bf9\u540e\u6765\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u7f57\u9a6c\u7687\u5e1d\u4f9d\u7136\u4ea7\u751f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5373\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5206\u6743\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f20\u7edf\u4ee5\u53ca\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\u4ece\u884c\u653f\u6743\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e14\u4f34\u968f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u6cd5\u6cbb\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6027\u6210\u529f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6210\u5c31\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f15\u9886\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5206\u6743\u6539\u9769\u5927\u6f6e\uff0c\u6d1b\u514b\u7684\u5206\u6743\u8bba\u5e76\u672a\u6d89\u53ca\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743<\/span>(<\/span>\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u5f53\u7531\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6cd5\u5b98\u6765\u53f8\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u672a\u660e\u786e<\/span>)<\/span>\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b5f\u5fb7\u65af\u9e20\u7684\u5929\u624d\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5206\u6743\u8bba\u6210\u4e3a\u5baa\u653f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u77f3\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bba\u8ff0\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5b5f\u5fb7\u65af\u9e20\u672c\u4eba\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u4f53\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u8bef\u89e3\u4e4b\u4e2d<\/span>(<\/span>\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u4ed6\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u884c\u653f\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e09\u6743\u5206\u7acb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bae\u4f1a\u81f3\u4e0a\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u8bae\u884c\u5408\u4e00\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4f53\u5236<\/span>)<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u770b\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\u4e0e\u884c\u653f\u6743\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u5404\u81ea\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u5e76\u65e0\u5b9a\u89c4\uff0c\u4f46\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\u548c\u884c\u653f\u6743\u5219\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u5168\u7403\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f53\u4ee3\u5168\u7403\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u754c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5404\u56fd\u5206\u522b\u901a\u884c\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u5373\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u3001\u534a\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u3001\u8bae\u4f1a\u5236\u6240\u505a\u7684\u957f\u671f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bae\u4f1a\u5236\u662f\u4e09\u79cd\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u4e2d\u6700\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u3002\u5b5f\u5fb7\u65af\u9e20\u7684\u4e09\u6743\u5206\u7acb\u7ecf\u5178\u5b66\u8bf4\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5df2\u88ab\u5404\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u5b9e\u8df5\u6240\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fee\u6b63\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5426\u5b9a\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fee\u6b63\u66f4\u52a0\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5206\u6743\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5206\u6743\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9644\u5e26\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\uff0c\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\u5e94\u5f53\u7531\u4eba\u6c11\u9009\u4e3e\u8bae\u5458\u7ec4\u6210\u8bae\u4f1a\u6765\u638c\u63a7\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7531\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba——\u6216\u56fd\u738b\u6216\u7687\u5e1d——\u6765\u638c\u63a7\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u7ecf\u8fc7<\/span>17<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u56fd\u738b\u4e0e\u8bae\u4f1a\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u6240\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u8fd9\u9879\u7acb\u6cd5\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5168\u7403\u4e3b\u6d41\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5b9e\u884c\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u58f0\u79f0\u4e3b\u6743\u5728\u6c11\u4e14\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u6267\u884c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u6839\u636e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9009\u4e3e\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u7ed3\u8bed\uff1a\u8d70\u51fa\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u6ce5\u6dd6<\/span><\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5e1d\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6743\uff0c\u7a76\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u6743\u529b\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u884c\u653f\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u8fd9\u4e09\u9879\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u9f50\u96c6\u4e8e\u7687\u5e1d\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7687\u5e1d\u62e5\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u660e\u671d\u7684\u5ef7\u6756\uff0c\u7687\u5e1d\u60f3\u6253\u54ea\u4e2a\u5c31\u6253\u54ea\u4e2a\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u60f3\u628a\u54ea\u4e2a\u6c11\u5973\u62a2\u53bb\u5145\u5b9e\u540e\u5bab\u5c31\u62a2\u8d70\uff0c\u6731\u5143\u748b\u3001\u6731\u68e3\u60f3\u8ba9\u54ea\u4e2a\u5ad4\u5983\u6b89\u846c\uff0c\u5979\u5c31\u5f97\u6b7b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u751f\u6b7b\u4e88\u593a\u4e4b\u6743\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u540c\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e09\u9879\u6743\u80fd\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u4e0b\u4ee4\u6267\u6cd5\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u88c1\u5224\u81ea\u5df1\u516c\u6b63\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u6743\u529b\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u4fbf\u662f\u9ec4\u5b97\u7fb2\u75db\u65a5\u7684“\u5929\u4e0b\u4e4b\u5927\u5bb3”\u3001“\u5bc7\u8b8e”\u548c“\u72ec\u592b”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u6c49\u521d\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u540e\u4e16\u79f0\u9053\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u7687\u5e1d\u8fd8\u662f\u5927\u81e3\uff0c\u6bd4\u540e\u4e16\u66f4\u4e3a\u5b88\u6cd5\uff0c\u5218\u6052\u56e0\u5ea7\u9a7e\u88ab\u767e\u59d3\u60ca\u6270\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u6c42\u5ef7\u5c09\u5f20\u91ca\u4e4b\u91cd\u7f5a\u60ca\u9a6c\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u5f20\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5929\u4e0b\u4eba\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u5b88\u6cd5\uff0c\u6cd5\u89c4\u5b9a\u7f5a\u6b3e\u5c31\u662f\u7f5a\u6b3e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u91cd\u5904\u7f5a\uff0c\u8c01\u8fd8\u4fe1\u4efb\u6cd5\u5f8b<\/span>?<\/span>……\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u5168\u770b\u5f53\u6743\u8005\u9ad8\u5174\u6765\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u60f3\u8f7b\u5c31\u8f7b\uff0c\u60f3\u91cd\u5c31\u91cd\uff0c\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u5c31\u4f1a\u624b\u8db3\u65e0\u63aa\uff0c\u8bf7\u965b\u4e0b\u660e\u5bdf\u3002”\u5218\u6052\u60f3\u4e86\u5f88\u4e45\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u627f\u8ba4\u5f20\u91ca\u4e4b\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u6c49\u521d\u6cbb\u9053\u6240\u8c13\u5faa\u9ec4\u8001\u4e4b\u672f\uff0c\u66f9\u53c2\u5f53\u4e1e\u76f8\u6bcf\u5929\u559d\u9152\u6240\u8c13\u8427\u89c4\u66f9\u968f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b88\u6cd5\u4e0d\u6270\u6c11\uff0c\u800c\u81ea\u5218\u5f7b\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u6709\u4e8b\u4e09\u6298\u817e\uff0c\u65e0\u4e8b\u6298\u817e\u4e09\uff0c\u5929\u4e0b\u4eba\u8f9b\u8f9b\u82e6\u82e6\u6323\u70b9\u5bb6\u5e95\u5168\u88ab\u8fd9\u597d\u5927\u559c\u529f\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u6298\u817e\u5149\u4e86\u4e0d\u7b97\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u8fde\u547d\u90fd\u5f97\u642d\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u7109\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e71\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u5c82\u80fd\u804a\u751f<\/span>!<\/span>\u6d3b\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u4eba\u5c82\u80fd\u4e0d\u9020\u53cd<\/span>?<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u5f20\u91ca\u4e4b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u539f\u672c\u6ca1\u51e0\u4e2a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7687\u5e1d\u65e0\u6743\u5e72\u6d89\u53f8\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u6765\u9882\u626c\u5218\u6052\u4e4b\u660e\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f55\u89c1\uff0c\u624d\u5343\u53e4\u6d41\u82b3\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u53e4\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u4eca\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u90fd\u61c2\u5f97\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u541b\u738b\u662f\u597d\u7684——\u5426\u5219\u300a\u8d44\u6cbb\u901a\u9274\u300b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b83\uff0c\u540e\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e38\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u5218\u6052\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u5404\u9879\u6cbb\u56fd\u7f8e\u8c08——\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u5728\u519c\u4e1a\u7acb\u56fd\u65f6\u4ee3\u5c31\u80fd\u514d\u9664\u5929\u4e0b\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\u7530\u79df\u8fd9\u6837\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u4e0d\u8d25\u7eaa\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e0d\u6270\u6c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u540e\u4e16\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u541b\u738b\u90a3\u4e48\u9a84\u5962\u6deb\u9038\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5236\u5ea6\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u5076\u7136\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u60ca\u9a6c\u7684\u5c0f\u767e\u59d3\u6bd5\u7adf\u6ca1\u95ef\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u7978\uff0c\u7687\u5e1d\u6c14\u6d88\u4e86\u4e5f\u5c31\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6d89\u53ca\u5218\u6052\u803f\u803f\u4e8e\u6000\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\u5462<\/span>?<\/span>——\u4ed6\u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u83ab\u987b\u6709\u5730\u5c06\u5468\u52c3\u6253\u5165\u5927\u7262\uff0c\u5dee\u70b9\u8981\u4e86\u8001\u5934\u7684\u547d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u7b80\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u9690\u55bb\uff1a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7687\u5e1d\u5462<\/span>?<\/span>\u53ef\u89c1\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53e4\u4ee5\u6765\u6240\u8c13\u597d\u7687\u5e1d\u574f\u7687\u5e1d\u4e4b\u4e89\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u4e2a\u4f2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6a2a\u5f81\u66b4\u655b\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\u968f\u610f\u4e0b\u4ee4\u5f81\u7a0e\u662f\u7687\u5e1d\u4eec\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6063\u610f\u4e13\u65ad\u4e4b\u4e3e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5218\u6052\u4e0b\u8bcf\u514d\u7a0e\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e13\u65ad\u4e4b\u4e3e<\/span>?<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u3000\u3000\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u5f0a\u75c5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u4e3a\u603b\u662f\u6076\u52a3\u7684——\u867d\u7136\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u6982\u7387\u663e\u7136\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u638c\u6743\u8005\u5982\u679c\u884c\u4f7f\u4e86\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u7f3a\u5c11\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7acb\u548c\u540c\u7b49\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6765\u6551\u504f\u8865\u5f0a——\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u6709\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5206\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u5f0a\u75c5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u4e3a\u603b\u662f\u6076\u52a3\u7684——\u867d\u7136\u6076\u52a3\u7684\u6982\u7387\u663e\u7136\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u638c\u6743\u8005 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-thought","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62602","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=62602"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62602\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=62602"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=62602"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=62602"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}