{"id":68093,"date":"2016-10-30T08:57:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-30T08:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=68093 "},"modified":"2016-10-30T08:57:00","modified_gmt":"2016-10-30T08:57:00","slug":"68093-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=68093","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u5468\u65b0\u95fb\u805a\u7126\uff1a\u201c\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u201d\u786e\u5b9a\u5f3a\u4eba\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97"},"content":{"rendered":"

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 <\/p>

\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0b\u515a\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u51c6\u5219“\u548c”\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u515a\u5185\u76d1\u7763\u6761\u4f8b“\u3002\u5bc7\u5065\u6587\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u517119\u5927\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u515a\u5185\u5e72\u90e8\u5347\u8fc1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u4eba\u4e8b\u5b89\u6392\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5f20\u4e94\u5cb3\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u85c9\u7531“\u4ece\u4e25\u6cbb\u515a”\uff0c\u6811\u7acb\u4e86\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5a01\u671b\u5e76\u5efa\u6784\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u5411\u5e7f\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4f17\u558a\u8bdd\uff0c\u8981\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5171\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5316\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u4e0e\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u786e\u7acb\u4e00\u515a\u6267\u653f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u82f1\u56fd\u5e7f\u64ad\u516c\u53f8\uff08BBC\uff0910\u670827\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff1a\u4e2d\u5171\u9996\u6b21\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u9886\u5bfc\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\"\"
<\/p>

\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u672c\u5468\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u53ec\u5f00<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5386\u65f6\u56db\u5929\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7b2c\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7b2c\u516d\u6b21\u5168\u4f53\u4f1a\u8bae\u661f\u671f\u56db\uff0810\u670827\u65e5\uff09\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u95ed\u5e55\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u5728\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u516c\u62a5\u4e2d\u9996\u6b21\u4ee5“\u6838\u5fc3”\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u516c\u62a5\u79f0\uff0c“\u515a\u7684\u5341\u516b\u5927\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u8eab\u4f53\u529b\u884c\u3001\u7387\u5148\u5782\u8303\uff0c……\u4e3a\u5f00\u521b\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e8b\u4e1a\u65b0\u5c40\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u516c\u62a5\u8fd8\u8981\u6c42“\u5168\u515a\u540c\u5fd7\u7d27\u5bc6\u56e2\u7ed3\u5728\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u5468\u56f4\uff0c……\u786e\u4fdd\u515a\u56e2\u7ed3\u5e26\u9886\u4eba\u6c11\u4e0d\u65ad\u5f00\u521b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e8b\u4e1a\u65b0\u5c40\u9762\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u5171\u6b64\u524d\u5728\u63d0\u53ca\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u4e00\u822c\u4ec5\u627f\u8ba4\u6709\u8fc7\u4e09\u4e2a“\u6838\u5fc3”\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5206\u522b\u4ee5\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3001\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u548c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u4e3a\u9996\u7684“\u6838\u5fc3”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u548c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u5206\u522b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a“\u4ee5\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e”\u548c“\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u88ab\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684“\u6838\u5fc3”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8bb8\u591a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u76ee\u524d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u81ea\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u65b0\u628a\u4ed6\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc“\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u968f\u7740\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6743\u529b\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u4ed6\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4f1a\u57282022\u5e74\u6309\u7167\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u4e0d\u6210\u6587\u89c4\u5219\u4ece\u4e2d\u5171\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u9000\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4eba\u4eec\u8fd1\u671f\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u4eb2\u5bc6\u52a9\u624b\u738b\u5c90\u5c71\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u660e\u5e74\u6309\u7167\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u6761\u4e0d\u6210\u6587\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u89c4\u5219\u9000\u4f11\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6309\u7167\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u661f\u671f\u56db\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u516c\u62a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u542c\u53d6\u4e86\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u548c\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5ba1\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0b\u515a\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u515a\u5185\u76d1\u7763\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u53ec\u5f00\u515a\u7684\u7b2c\u5341\u4e5d\u6b21\u5168\u56fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4f1a\u8bae\u516c\u62a5\u8bf4\uff0c\u51fa\u5e2d\u8fd9\u6b21\u5168\u4f1a\u7684\u6709\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458197\u4eba\uff0c\u5019\u8865\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458151.<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4eba\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5927\u57282012\u5e7411\u6708\u9009\u51fa\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458205\u4eba\uff0c\u5019\u8865\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458171\u4eba\uff0c\u51fa\u5e2d\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u7684\u59d4\u5458\u548c\u5019\u8865\u59d4\u5458\u4eba\u6570\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f4e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb4\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u670910\u540d\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u548c13\u540d\u4e2d\u592e\u5019\u8865\u59d4\u5458\u5728\u53cd\u8150\u8d25\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u843d\u9a6c\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\uff08DW\uff0910\u670827\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff1a\u5916\u5a92\u70ed\u8bae\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u9996\u63d0\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5468\u56db\u4e2d\u5171\u7b2c\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u95ed\u5e55\u5e76\u53d1\u8868\u516c\u62a5\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u7f55\u89c1\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86“\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e”\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5916\u5a92\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51\uff09\u8def\u900f\u793e\u8bc4\u8bba\u9053\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8fd8\u4ece\u672a\u6709\u8fc7“\u6838\u5fc3”\u8fd9\u4e00\u5934\u8854\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3e\u8ba9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u66f4\u52a0\u4f4d\u9ad8\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u4e3a\u660e\u79cb19\u5927\u53ec\u5f00\u5960\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5f3a\u4eba\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u96c6\u4f53\u7684“\u6838\u5fc3”\uff0c\u79f0\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3“\u6838\u5fc3”\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u95f4\u4eba\u4eec\u6700\u719f\u6089\u7684\u662f“\u4ee5\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3”\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5305\u62ec\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u638c\u63e1\u51e0\u4e4e\u81f3\u9ad8\u65e0\u4e0a\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u8d28\u7591\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff14\u5e74\u524d\u63a5\u7ba1\u9886\u5bfc\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u529b\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u9664\u4e86\u62c5\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u517c\u4efb\u4e867\u4e2a\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u5168\u9762\u6df1\u5316\u6539\u9769\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u6df1\u5316\u56fd\u9632\u548c\u519b\u961f\u6539\u9769\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u5916\u4e8b\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u4f5c\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u5bf9\u53f0\u5de5\u4f5c\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u592e\u8d22\u7ecf\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u660e\u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\u53ec\u5f00\u768419\u5927\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u4eae\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u63a5\u73ed\u4eba\uff0c\u4e3a2022\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u4ee3\u9645\u6743\u529b\u4ea4\u63a5\u4f5c\u4e0b\u94fa\u57ab\u300219\u5927\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9009\u51fa\u65b0\u4e00\u5c4a\u75317\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u515a\u5185\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u529b\u673a\u6784\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5fb7\u65b0\u793e\u4ee5“\u65b0\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc – \u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u88ab\u51a0\u4ee5\u515a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3”\u4e3a\u9898\u53d1\u6587\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u90a3\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528“\u6838\u5fc3”\u4e00\u8bcd\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5de9\u56fa\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u906d\u9047\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u72ec\u7acb\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8005\u5434\u5f3a\u5bf9\u5fb7\u65b0\u793e\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5df2\u975e\u5e38\u7a33\u56fa\u3002“\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e5f\u9f13\u52b1\u515a\u5458\u641e\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc\u3002”\u5434\u5f3a\u8fd8\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u516c\u62a5\u662f\u7b79\u5907\u5341\u4e5d\u5927\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5fb7\u65b0\u793e\u603b\u7ed3\u9053\uff0c“\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc”\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5e0c\u671b\u5355\u72ec\u64cd\u7eb5\u5168\u76d8\u3002“\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4eec\u8ddf\u968f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6b63\u5728\u6b65\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u540e\u5c18\u3002”\u4f4d\u4e8e\u67cf\u6797\u7684\u58a8\u5361\u6258\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6f58\u5b87\u821f\uff08 Matthias Stepan\uff09\u5206\u6790\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ece\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u5904\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u4eba\u51fa\u73b0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002“\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u515a\u5185\u57fa\u5c42\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4”\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u62a4\u515a\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u58a8\u5361\u6258\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efb\u97e9\u535a\u5929\uff08Sebastian Heilmann\uff09\u66fe\u5c31\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u505a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c“\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u98ce\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528’21\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49’\u6765\u6982\u62ec\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5e0c\u671b\u4e2d\u5171\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0a\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u91cd\u5efa\u5efa\u515a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5728\u5c06\u515a\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u6280\u548c\u901a\u8baf\u624b\u6bb5\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a510\u670828\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff1a\u6bd4\u80a9\u6bdb\u9093\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3”\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5317\u4eac——\u672c\u5468\u56db\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u5e45\u64e2\u5347\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u6539\u79f0\u4ed6\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3”\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4e0e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u548c\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u5934\u8854\u547c\u5e94\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u94c1\u8155\u653f\u6cbb\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u5851\u9020\u4e2d\u5171\u65b0\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u8b66\u544a\u5b98\u5458\u4eec\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u975e\u5206\u4e4b\u60f3\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u79c1\u4e0b\u62c5\u5fc3\u4ed6\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u592a\u5927\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff0c\u6709\u635f\u4e8e\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6700\u540e\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6ee5\u7528\u91cd\u6f14\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5728\u4e3a\u671f\u56db\u5929\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u540e\u53d1\u5e03\u516c\u62a5\uff0c\u79f0\u81ea\u4ed62012\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u515a\u7684\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5“\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u5c31\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u8eab\u4f53\u529b\u884c\u3001\u7387\u5148\u5782\u8303\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c”\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7535\u89c6\u53f0\u5728\u65b0\u95fb\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e25\u8083\u7684\u8bed\u6c14\u6717\u8bfb\u4e86\u8fd9\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5934\u8854\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u65b0\u8eab\u4efd\u5c06\u5728\u515a\u5185\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5f15\u8d77\u632f\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u770b\u6765\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bae\u771f\u7684\u662f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u80dc\u5229\uff0c”\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u7684\u6559\u6388\u5085\u58eb\u5353\uff08Joseph Fewsmith\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u90ae\u8868\u793a\u3002“\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4eba\u4e8b\u53d8\u52a8\u7a76\u7adf\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u6838\u5fc3”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u5411\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u624d\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5404\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u5c06\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u53c2\u52a0\u5ba3\u4f20\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\uff0c\u5e76\u79f0\u9882\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5c06\u629b\u5f00\u524d\u4efb\u90a3\u79cd\u8270\u96be\u6c42\u53d6\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4efb\u9886\u5bfc\u73ed\u5b50\u65bd\u52a0\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u4ece\u8868\u9762\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u81ea2000\u5e74\u6765\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u6807\u51c6\u7684‘\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc’\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\uff0c”\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u4ece\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u88d8\u5fb7·\u5e03\u5170\u5207\u7279\uff08Jude Blanchette\uff09\u8bf4\u3002\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u5199\u4e00\u672c\u5173\u4e8e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4e66\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5e03\u5170\u5207\u7279\u8bf4\uff1a“\u8fd9\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u672c\u4eba\u5fc5\u7136\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u540e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65f6\u4ee3\u6162\u6162\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5206\u4eab\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7ee7\u627f\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u663e\u7136\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6000\u7591\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4f46\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u7ecf\u53d7\u7740\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0b\u6ed1\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u5cfb\u7684\u8003\u9a8c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6765\u63a8\u52a8\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5173\u4e8e\u632f\u5174\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e00\u515a\u7edf\u6cbb\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u5374\u5b58\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u8bae\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u515a\u62a5\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4e00\u515a\u7edf\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u8981\u8fce\u63a5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u3001\u5168\u515a\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c”\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4f1a\u8bae\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u793e\u8bba\u79f0\u3002\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u662f“\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6839\u672c\u5229\u76ca\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u662f\u575a\u6301\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u6839\u672c\u4fdd\u8bc1”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9886\u5bfc“\u6838\u5fc3”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301989\u5e74\u52a8\u4e71\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u7a81\u7136\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u65f6\uff0c\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6765\u786e\u7acb\u4ed6\u6240\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u8fd8\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u4e24\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u53ef\u7f6e\u7591\u3002\u4f46\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u524d\u4efb\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u662f\u4e2a\u8c28\u614e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5934\u8854\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c”\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u6218\u7565\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6559\u6388\u8042\u8f89\u534e\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u8bf4\u3002\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u64e2\u5347\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5bf9\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u4e2d\u5171\u6da3\u6563\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u987f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8042\u8f89\u534e\u8bf4\uff1a“\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u80af\u5b9a\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8d2f\u5f7b\u515a\u5185\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u53cd\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8fd8\u8ba1\u5212\u5728\u660e\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\u53ec\u5f00\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c4a\u65f6\u5c06\u786e\u8ba4\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8fde\u4efb\u56fd\u5bb6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u5e76\u4efb\u547d\u4e00\u6279\u4ed6\u624b\u4e0b\u7684\u65b0\u5b98\u5458\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u90a3\u6b21\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u9000\u4f11\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u91cd\u5851\u515a\u5185\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u7684\u817e\u51fa\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6839\u636e\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u9000\u4f11\u5e74\u9f84\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u6700\u9ad8\u673a\u6784\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e03\u540d\u6210\u5458\u4e2d\u6709\u4e94\u540d\u5fc5\u5c06\u9000\u4f11\uff0c\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u548c\u603b\u7406\u674e\u514b\u5f3a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6210\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u5145\u6ee1\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u672a\u6765\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u540c\u4e8b\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c4a\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u7684\u5b9a\u593a\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u4e0a\u98ce\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4ea4\u63a5\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u4efb\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4ece\u515a\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u9000\u4e0b\u6765\u5728\u4e94\u5e74\u751a\u81f3\u5341\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ee7\u4efb\u8005\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u9009\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u77e5\u60c5\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u63a8\u8fdf\u9009\u62e9\u7ee7\u4efb\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ef4\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u64e2\u5347“\u5411\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u613f\u610f\u5ffd\u7565\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u660e\u5929\u79cb\u5929\u7684\u4eba\u4e8b\u4efb\u547d\u4ea7\u751f\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd”\uff0c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u56fd\u9645\u6218\u7565\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Center for Strategic and International Studies\uff09\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u4e13\u5bb6\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u5f17·K·\u7ea6\u7ff0\u900a\uff08Christopher K. Johnson\uff09\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9“\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u7b49\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4f46\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u516c\u544a\u4e5f\u6697\u793a\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5c0a\u91cd\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4f1a\u8bae\u516c\u62a5\u79f0\uff0c\u5b98\u5458\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u6765\u81ea“\u4e94\u6e56\u56db\u6d77”\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5934\u8854\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u3002\u7cbe\u82f1\u653f\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u4e8b\u6781\u4e3a\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4ed6\u6267\u653f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fdd\u5bc6\u4f5c\u98ce\u66f4\u4e3a\u52a0\u5267\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4f46\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u76df\u53cb\u4f3c\u4e4e\u60f3\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6765\u64ad\u79cd\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u58f0\u79f0\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u5b98\u5458\u5fe0\u8bda\u5ea6\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u4eca\u5e74\u5e74\u521d\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5934\u8854\u505a\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u6570\u5341\u540d\u7701\u7ea7\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5f02\u53e3\u540c\u58f0\u5730\u79f0\u9882\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b98\u5458\u518d\u6b21\u5f00\u59cb\u6b4c\u529f\u9882\u5fb7\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u5927\u5bb6“\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fe0\u8bda”\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u7684“\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u5a01”\u3002\u672c\u5468\uff0c\u515a\u520a\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u8bba\u575b\u300b\u8868\u793a\uff0c“\u5bf9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u786e\u5b9a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u671f\u671b”\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u88ab\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u63d0\u62d4\u4e3a\u5317\u65b9\u91cd\u8981\u6e2f\u53e3\u57ce\u5e02\u5929\u6d25\u5e02\u5e02\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u674e\u9e3f\u5fe0\uff0c\u5c31\u7279\u522b\u70ed\u8877\u4e8e\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6447\u65d7\u5450\u558a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\uff0c”\u674e\u9e3f\u5fe0\u4e0a\u5468\u5728\u300a\u5929\u6d25\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u592e\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u5ba3\u5e03\u3002“\u7ef4\u62a4\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u515a\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5229\u76ca\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5728\u4e00\u5bb61964\u5e74\u6295\u5165\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u82cf\u5f0f\u9152\u5e97\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u7684“\u518c\u5c01”\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d5e\u7f8e\u4e5f\u9eef\u7136\u5931\u8272\u3002\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6210\u529f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e24\u5957\u65b0\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a——\u7ba1\u7406\u515a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u7763——\u8fd9\u4e3a\u4ed6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6253\u51fb\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6269\u5927\u515a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u9ad8\u538b\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c”\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8042\u8f89\u534e\u8bf4\uff1a“\u90a3\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u6838\u5fc3\u624d\u80fd\u505a\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u5e7f\u64ad\u7535\u53f0\uff08RFI\uff0910\u670828\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff1a\u4e2d\u5ba3\u90e8\uff1a\u786e\u7acb\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u4f17\u671b\u6240\u5f52<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u5ba3\u90e8\u5e38\u52a1\u526f\u90e8\u957f\u9ec4\u5764\u660e\u4eca\u592910\u670828\u65e5\u5728\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u786e\u7acb\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5168\u515a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u662f\u4f17\u671b\u6240\u5f52\uff0c\u5f53\u4e4b\u65e0\u6127\u3001\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e…<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u517118\u5c4a6\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u6628\u592910\u670827\u65e5\u95ed\u5e55\uff0c\u53d1\u5e03\u516c\u62a5\u786e\u7acb\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u5f15\u53d1\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u517118\u5c4a6\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u786e\u7acb\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5de9\u56fa\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u4e2d\u5ba3\u90e8\u5e38\u52a1\u526f\u90e8\u957f\u9ec4\u5764\u660e\u4eca\u5929\u5728\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u786e\u7acb\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5168\u515a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u5171\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684“\u6839\u672c\u5229\u76ca\u6240\u5728”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u517118\u5c4a6\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u516c\u62a5\u8bf4\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u8eab\u4f53\u529b\u884c\u3001\u7387\u5148\u5782\u8303\uff0c\u575a\u5b9a\u63a8\u8fdb\u5168\u9762\u4ece\u4e25\u6cbb\u515a\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u601d\u60f3\u5efa\u515a\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u6cbb \u515a\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u6574\u996c\u515a\u98ce\uff0c\u4e25\u5389\u60e9\u6cbb\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u51c0\u5316\u515a\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6001\uff0c\u515a\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u5c55\u73b0\u65b0\u6c14\u8c61\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u515a\u5fc3\u6c11\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f00\u521b\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e8b\u4e1a\u65b0\u5c40\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u516c\u62a5\u7ed3\u5c3e\u65f6\u53f7\u53ec\u4e2d\u5171\u5168\u515a\u7d27\u5bc6\u56e2\u7ed3\u5728\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u5468\u56f4\uff0c\u8d2f\u5f7b\u672c\u6b21\u5168\u4f1a\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u6811\u7acb\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u5927\u5c40\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u610f\u8bc6\u3001\u770b\u9f50\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u6743\u5a01\u548c\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7edf\u4e00\u9886\u5bfc…\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u62a5\u5185\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u6bb5\u8bf4\uff0c\u515a\u5185\u4e0d\u51c6\u641e\u62c9\u62c9\u626f\u626f\u3001\u5439\u5439\u62cd\u62cd\u3001\u963f\u8c00\u5949\u627f\u3002\u5bf9\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u8981\u5b9e\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u5439\u6367\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4eb2\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u6587\u6c47\u62a5\u8bb0\u8005\u95ee\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u63d0\u6cd5\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u8003\u8651\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u9ec4\u5764\u660e\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff0c“\u660e\u786e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5229\u76ca\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u662f\u575a\u6301\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u6839\u672c\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u5177\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u6597\u4e89\u3001\u575a\u6301\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f1f\u5927\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9ec4\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u6597\u4e89\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5168\u515a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u6210\u4e3a\u515a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u515a\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5f81\u6c42\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u548c\u90e8\u95e8\u4ee5\u53ca\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u6b21\u5168\u4f1a\u660e\u786e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u4e3a\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u5168\u515a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3……\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u540c\u5fd7\u4e00\u81f4\u8d5e\u6210\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u4e00\u81f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5341\u516b\u5927\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5145\u5206\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u4f5c\u4e3a \u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3001\u5168\u515a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u4f17\u671b\u6240\u5f52\uff0c\u5f53\u4e4b\u65e0\u6127\u3001\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\uff1b\u4e00\u81f4\u8868\u793a\u660e\u786e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5168\u515a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5168\u515a\u5168\u519b\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u65cf\u4eba\u6c11\u7684 \u5171\u540c\u5fc3\u613f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u82f1\u56fd\u5e7f\u64ad\u516c\u53f8\uff08BBC\uff0910\u670828\u65e5\u63f4\u5f15\u82f1\u5a92\uff1a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6210“\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3”\u6807\u5fd7\u91cd\u8fd4\u5f3a\u4eba\u653f\u6cbb<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u661f\u671f\u4e94\uff0828\u65e5\uff09\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u300a\u536b\u62a5\u300b\u548c\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u90fd\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd“\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba”\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u300a\u536b\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u521a\u521a\u7ed3\u675f\u768418\u5c4a6\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u79f0\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684“\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba”\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0e\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u548c\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5f3a\u4eba\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5168\u4f1a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u516c\u62a5\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u5236\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u7136\u800c\uff0c“\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba”\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5de9\u56fa\u4e86\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6587\u7ae0\u8bf4\uff0c“\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba”\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u7531\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u9093\u5728\u5f62\u5bb9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3001\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u548c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u65f6\u7528\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u610f\u6307\u4ed6\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u51b3\u5bf9\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u8d28\u7591\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u76f8\u6bd4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u524d\u4efb\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u5219\u5206\u6790\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6210\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba”\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u91cd\u8fd4\u5f3a\u4eba\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u4efb\u671f\u6253\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88“\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba”\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u6697\u793a\u7740\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6bd4\u4ed6\u7684\u524d\u4efb\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u548c\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u66f4\u5177\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u5728\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5de9\u56fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6210\u4e3a\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u529b\u8fd9\u4e00\u63d0\u8bae\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\u521d\u5c31\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u5230\u6781\u529b\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u62c5\u5fc3\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u56de\u5230\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u3001\u548c\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u5185\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u516c\u4f17\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u672c\u661f\u671f\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u62a5\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u8fd8\u5728\u5934\u7248\u64b0\u6587\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e0d\u56e2\u7ed3\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u50cf\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6587\u7ae0\u8fd8\u957f\u7bc7\u7d2f\u724d\u5730\u8d5e\u626c\u6bdb\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u79f0\u6240\u6709\u7684\u515a\u5458\u5e72\u90e8\u90fd\u56e2\u7ed3\u5728\u4ee5\u6bdb\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u670d\u4ece\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6587\u7ae0\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u515a\u5185\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u5168\u56fd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u9075\u4ece\u515a\u7684\u610f\u613f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\uff08VOA\uff0910\u670828\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff1a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73“\u6838\u5fc3”\u5c0a\u53f7\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u534e\u76db\u987f —\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u661f\u671f\u56db\uff0810\u670827\u65e5\uff09\u6b63\u5f0f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5171\u7684“\u6838\u5fc3”\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u83b7\u4e2d\u5171\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6743\u529b\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u96c6\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u661f\u671f\u56db\u95ed\u5e55\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u53d1\u8868\u516c\u62a5\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5341\u516b\u5927\u4ee5\u6765\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u8eab\u4f53\u529b\u884c\uff0c\u7387\u5148\u5782\u8303\uff0c\u6574\u996c\u515a\u98ce\uff0c\u4e25\u60e9\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u515a\u5fc3\u6c11\u5fc3”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6218\u7565\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u7518\u601d\u5fb7\uff08Scott Kennedy\uff09\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\u8bf4\uff0c\u79f0\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73“\u6838\u5fc3”\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4ed6\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u771f\u7684\u662f\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5426\u51b3\u6743\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0d\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u51b3\u5b9a\u4eba\u4e8b\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u9886\u5bfc\u9ad8\u5c42\u4e2d\u62e5\u6709\u5426\u51b3\u6743\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u8fd1\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u524d\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3001\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u548c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u66fe\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u301d\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\u301e\uff0c\u800c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u524d\u4efb\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u4ec5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u301d\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u301e\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b63\u5f0f\u5728\u515a\u5185\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u81f3\u9ad8\u65e0\u4e0a\u7684\u301d\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\u301e\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5728\u660e\u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u4e5d\u5927\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u4eba\u4e8b\u4efb\u547d\u7b49\u91cd\u5927\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u6743\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6743\u529b\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u96c6\u4e2d<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e00\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u58eb\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c“\u6838\u5fc3”\u5934\u8854\u4e5f\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u5927\u5230\u6765\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u96c6\u4e2d\u6743\u529b\u3002\u534e\u76db\u987f\u667a\u5e93\u5170\u5fb7\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f55\u5929\u7766\uff08Timothy Heath\uff09\u8bf4\uff1a“\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u6784\u5efa\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3e\u63aa\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u89c1\u5230\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff1a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6743\u529b\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4ed6\u624b\u63e1\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u81ea\u4ece\u56db\u5e74\u524d\u62c5\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7ed9\u5916\u754c\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u4fbf\u662f\u8fc5\u901f\u96c6\u6743\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u515a\u653f\u519b\u7684\u4e00\u628a\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8eab\u517c\u6570\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u9886\u5bfc\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6539\u9769\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4ece\u5730\u65b9\u8bf8\u4faf\u8868\u5fe0\u5230\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u7acb\u5c0a\u53f7<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4eca\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u6e56\u5317\u7701\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u674e\u9e3f\u5fe0\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u4efb\u5929\u6d25\u5e02\u4ee3\u4e66\u8bb0\u9ec4\u5174\u56fd\u7b49\u4e94\u540d\u5730\u65b9\u8bf8\u4faf\u7387\u5148\u558a\u51fa\u4e60“\u6838\u5fc3”\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u5fe0\u540e\u6765\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53eb\u505c\u3002\u9ec4\u5174\u56fd\u56e0\u8150\u8d25\u4e0b\u9a6c\uff0c\u674e\u9e3f\u5fe0\u63a5\u4efb\u5929\u6d25\u5e02\u59d4\u4e66\u8bb0\u3002\u574a\u95f4\u66fe\u6709\u5206\u6790\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6811\u7acb\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u9047\u5230\u963b\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u7ec8\u4e8e\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u7684\u516c\u62a5\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5168\u515a\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u89c9\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u884c\u52a8\u4e0a\u540c\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5de9\u56fa\u6743\u529b\u540e\u653f\u7b56\u8d70\u5411\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c2\u5bdf\u4eba\u58eb\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u624b\u63e1\u66f4\u591a\u6743\u529b\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6392\u9664\u963b\u529b\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9769\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6218\u7565\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7518\u601d\u5fb7\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4ed6\u529b\u56fe\u63a8\u52a8\u4ed6\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u548c\u5185\u653f\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u58eb\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5728\u786e\u7acb“\u6838\u5fc3”\u5730\u4f4d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u901f\u653e\u7f13\u7b49\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u68d8\u624b\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u52bf\u5fc5\u8981\u627f\u62c5\u66f4\u591a\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u7f8e\u56fd\u660e\u955c\u96c6\u56e2\u603b\u88c1\u4f55\u9891\u8bf4\uff1a“\u4ed6\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u4e48\u65e9\u5730\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u786e\u5b9a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u52c7\u6562\u5730\u627f\u62c5\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u597d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u529f\u52b3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u52a0\u5927\u4e86\u4e2d\u5171\u653f\u6743\u51fa\u73b0\u53d8\u6570\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u96c6\u6743\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4e2d\u5171\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u4e2d\u5171\u5728\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e00\u4ee3\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\uff08DW\uff0910\u670828\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff1a\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u5236\uff0c“\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u95ed\u5e55\u540e\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u8bae\u516c\u62a5\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e2d\u5916\u8206\u8bba\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u4e2d\u5171\u524d\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u8d75\u7d2b\u9633\u653f\u6cbb\u79d8\u4e66\u9c8d\u5f64\u8868\u793a\uff0c“\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u5236\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bf4\u7684\u7b97”\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u53ea\u662f\u865a\u6643\u4e00\u67aa\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51\uff09\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u4e8e\u5468\u56db\uff0810\u670827\u65e5\uff09\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5728\u4f1a\u8bae\u516c\u62a5\u4e2d\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa“\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e”\uff0c\u5728\u660e\u5e74\u5341\u4e5d\u5927\u524d\u518d\u6b21\u5de9\u56fa\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9274\u4e8e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u524d\u4efb\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97“\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u4e60\u7684“\u52a0\u5195”\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u754c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u8fc7\u53bb\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u6bdb\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6b7b\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u6211\u8bf4\u7684\u7b97\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\u4f60\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8bf4\u7684\u7b97\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u653e\u5fc3\u4e86”\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u524d\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u8d75\u7d2b\u9633\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u79d8\u4e66\u9c8d\u5f64\u5728\u5411\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\u89e3\u8bfb“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u57281989\u5e74\u5bf9\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u8bf4\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bdd\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9c8d\u5f64\u8868\u793a\uff0c“\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5728\u515a\u7ae0\u91cc\u662f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u800c“\u552f\u4e00\u6709\u6cd5\u5b9a\u6548\u529b\u3001\u4e14\u7531\u4e2d\u5171\u6240\u627f\u8ba4\u5e76\u4e14\u89c1\u8bf8\u4e8e\u6210\u6587\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bdd”\uff0c\u88ab\u6536\u5f55\u5728\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u6587\u732e\u91cc\u9762\u3002“\u9093\u5c0f\u54c1\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u603b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c01\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3001\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u3002\u800c\u4e2d\u5171\u5b9e\u884c\u7531\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fd9\u4f4d\u524d\u4e2d\u5171\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u79d8\u4e66\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236“\u8fc7\u53bb\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u8981\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u6b21\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff09”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97vs\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u62e5\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6743\u5a01\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u53ea\u662f\u5934\u8854\u663e\u8d6b\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u51fa\u5b9a\u8bba\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e03\u9c81\u91d1\u65af\u5b66\u4f1a\u7ea6\u7ff0·\u6851\u987f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efb\u674e\u6210\u5bf9\u7f8e\u8054\u793e\u8bf4\uff0c“\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7ed9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e00\u5f20\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u53d1\u6325\u7684\uff09\u7a7a\u767d\u652f\u7968\uff0c\u7ed9\u4ed6\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6743\u529b”\uff0c“\u8981\u770b\u5230\u5f3a\u8c03\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u628a\u624b\u8981\u627f\u62c5\u66f4\u591a\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u95ee\u8d23”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u63d0\u51fa“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u516c\u62a5\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5927\u529b\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u79f0“\u575a\u6301\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c……\u4efb\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u7531\u8fdd\u53cd\u8fd9\u9879\u5236\u5ea6”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u88ab\u95ee\u53ca“\u6838\u5fc3”\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e“\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc”\u662f\u5426\u4e92\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u65f6\uff0c\u9c8d\u5f64\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6211\u60f3\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u8bb2\u7684\u8bdd\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u4e92\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982”\u4eba\u6c11\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e13\u653f“\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4eba\u6c11\u53c8\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u53c8\u662f\u4e13\u653f\u53c8\u662f\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u8fa9\u8bc1\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u90fd\u662f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e92\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u3002\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u90a3\u53e5\u8bdd\u662f\u5b9e\u8d28\uff0c\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u90a3\u53e5\u8bdd\u662f\u5728\u8d77\u63a9\u62a4\u4f5c\u7528\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9c8d\u5f64\u8868\u793a\uff0c“\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc”\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u6253\u63a9\u62a4\uff0c\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f“\u6838\u5fc3”\u4f53\u5236\u3002“\u4ece\u9075\u4e49\u4f1a\u8bae\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5230\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u8bb2\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bdd\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bf4\u7684\u7b97\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6bdb\u548c\u9093\u3002……\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u5bf9\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u4e5f\u662f\u8bf4\u7684\u7b97\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u6ca1\u8bf4’\u4f60\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u653e\u5fc3\u4e86’\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f’\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97’\u7684\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u5c31\u662f\u865a\u6643\u4e00\u67aa\uff0c\u63a9\u62a4\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a’\u4e00\u8a00\u5802’\u3001’\u72ec\u88c1’\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5f88\u96be\u542c\uff0c’\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97’\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u7f13\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u800c\u8bb2’\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528’\u7b80\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u4e86\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5bf9\u4e8e“\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u5d07\u62dc<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e“\u4f1f\u5927\u9886\u8896”\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc\u8fbe\u5230\u767d\u70ed\u5316\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u9886\u8896\u5d07\u62dc\u9010\u6e10\u892a\u53bb\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u81ea\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e0a\u53f0\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u5377\u571f\u91cd\u6765\u4e4b\u52bf\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u79d1\u5b66\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u6768\u5927\u5229\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u7f8e\u8054\u793e\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u610f\u4e49\u6df1\u8fdc\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u8ba9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f53\u4eca\u65e0\u53ef\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u9886\u8896\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8005\u5434\u5f3a\u4e5f\u5bf9\u5fb7\u65b0\u793e\u8868\u793a\uff0c“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u5f88\u7a33\u56fa\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e2d\u5171\u5185\u90e8\u652f\u6301\u5f62\u6210\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e60\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e00\u4e9b\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u8def\u900f\u793e\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8d5e\u8a89\u4e0d\u65ad\u300240\u5c81\u7684\u5feb\u9012\u5458\u738b\u8f89\uff08\u97f3\uff09\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u505a\u5230\u4e86“\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6ca1\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u53cd\u8150\u8d25”\u3002\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e3b\u5987\u5d14\u6167\u840d\uff08\u97f3\uff09\u5219\u8bf4\uff0c“\u4ed6\uff08\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\uff09\u90a3\u4e48\u82f1\u4fca\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u7537\u6027\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5438\u5f15\u4eba”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u6ee1\u773c\u662f\u5173\u4e8e“\u4e60\u5927\u5927”\u7684\u6ea2\u7f8e\u4e4b\u8bcd\u3002\u6709\u5fae\u535a\u7528\u6237\u79f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e60\u5927\u5927\u4e3a\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c“\u4e2d\u56fd\u68a6\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0”\u3002 \u8fd8\u6709\u7f51\u53cb\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u4e86“\u4e60\u5927\u5927’\u8bed\u5f55’”\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4e0d\u7981\u8ba9\u4eba\u8054\u60f3\u8d77\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u300a\u73af\u7403\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u5468\u4e94\uff0810\u670828\u65e5\uff09\u793e\u8bc4\u79f0\uff0c“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4eba\u5fc3\u548c\u53e3\u7891\u4e2d\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\u79f0\uff0c“\u4e2d\u592e\u9a7e\u9a6d\u8fd9\u4e48\u5bbd\u9614\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u76d8\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8ba9\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d70\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u7a33\u5065\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e16\u754c\u53f9\u4e3a\u89c2\u6b62”\uff0c\u800c\u529f\u52b3\u5f53\u7136\u90fd\u5728\u4e8e“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u6838\u5fc3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d7\u65f6\u95f4\u7ea6\u675f”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u58eb\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfb\u6c42\u8d85\u8fc7\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u4efb\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9999\u6e2f\u653f\u8bba\u5bb6\u6797\u548c\u7acb\u5bf9\u6cd5\u65b0\u793e\u8bf4\uff0c“\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a“\u6838\u5fc3”\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53d7\u65f6\u95f4\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5a01\u3002“\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u8003\u8651\u4efb\u671f\u548c\u9000\u4f11\u5e74\u9f84\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5fb7\u56fd\u58a8\u5361\u6258\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08MERICS\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u97e9\u535a\u5929\uff08Sebastian Heilmann\uff09\u5728\u516c\u62a5\u53d1\u5e03\u524d\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u53d6\u6d88\u4e24\u5c4a\u4efb\u671f\u9650\u5236\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a“\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u9ad8\u5c42\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u6025\u5267\u7d27\u5f20”\u3002“\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6700\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u662f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5728\u660e\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u7740\u624b\u5b89\u6392\u4e00\u5230\u4e24\u540d\u63a5\u73ed\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6216\u8005\u5b89\u5168\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u501f\u8fd9\u79cd\u7d27\u6025\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u8fde\u4efb\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u660e\u5e74\u7684\u5341\u4e5d\u5927\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u5c97\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u6d17\u724c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e94\u5e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\uff08VOA\uff0910\u670828\u65e5\u7126\u70b9\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff1a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u6c14\u6c1b\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u7acb\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u534e\u76db\u987f —\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4eba\u4e8b\u5e03\u5c40\u5173\u952e\u6218\u5f79\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5c4a\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a24\u65e5\u523027\u65e5\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u53ec\u5f00\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u8868\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f“\u4ece\u4e25\u6cbb\u515a”\uff0c\u4f46\u5916\u754c\u666e\u904d\u805a\u7126\u4e24\u4e2a\u770b\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u7ee7\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u548c\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u786e\u7acb\u5728\u515a\u5185\u7684“\u6838\u5fc3”\u5730\u4f4d\uff1b\u4e00\u662f\u4f1a\u8bae\u662f\u5426\u663e\u9732\u5341\u4e5d\u5927\u4e2d\u5171\u9ad8\u5c42\u4eba\u4e8b\u7684\u5927\u81f4\u8f6e\u5ed3\u3002“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u786e\u7acb\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5bf9\u6587\u9769\u7ed3\u675f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e2d\u5171\u653f\u6cbb\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u80cc\u79bb\uff1f\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u91ce\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5f62\u52bf\u6240\u8feb\uff1f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u672a\u6765\u591a\u5e74\u62e5\u6709“\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d”\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u7978\u8fd8\u662f\u798f\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u53c2\u52a0\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u56db\u4f4d\u5609\u5bbe\u662f\uff1a\u72ec\u7acb\u8bc4\u8bba\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u7f51\u8def\u6742\u5fd7“\u7eb5\u89c8\u4e2d\u56fd”\u4e13\u680f\u4f5c\u5bb6\u90ed\u5b9d\u80dc\u5148\u751f\uff1b \u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u300a\u665a\u5e74\u5468\u6069\u6765\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u9ad8\u6587\u8c26\u5148\u751f\uff1b\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u8005\u7a0b\u6653\u519c\u5148\u751f\uff1b \u653f\u8bba\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u65f6\u4e8b\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u58eb\u9648\u7834\u7a7a\u5148\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u90ed\u5b9d\u80dc\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u6700\u5927\u7684\u770b\u70b9\u662f\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u79f0\u53f7\u7684\u987a\u5229\u51fa\u53f0\uff0c\u6ca1\u51fa\u610f\u5916\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u906e\u906e\u63a9\u63a9\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u4f1a\u516c\u62a5\u4e0a\u9996\u5c3e\u90fd\u63d0\u5230\u4e86“\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e”\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u76ee\u524d\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5b8c\u5168\u80fd\u638c\u63a7\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u52bf\u3001\u987a\u5229\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u653f\u6cbb\u56fe\u8c0b\uff0c\u653f\u5c40\u5bf9\u4e60\u6d3e\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5229\u3002\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u66f4\u5927\u770b\u70b9\u662f\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u5426\u8981\u5426\u5b9a\u6389\u6c5f\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f7f\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u5982\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u4e00\u6837\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u6e21\u6027\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff1a\u4e00\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u91ce\u5fc3\u548c\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u4ed6\u8981\u6210\u4e3a\u7ee7\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u3001\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e4b\u540e\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3 \u4ed6\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u6210\u4e3a\u6240\u8c13\u7b2c\u56db\u4ee3\u9886\u5bfc\u6838\u5fc3\uff1b \u4e8c\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u53ea\u662f\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u5728\u516d\u56db\u65f6\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\u5c01\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u50cf\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8fd9\u6837\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e2d\u5171\u5168\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u6743\u5a01\u6027\uff1b \u4e09\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8981\u4f7f\u4e60\u5bb6\u519b\u5168\u9762\u5165\u5c40\uff0c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0“\u4e2d\u56fd\u68a6”\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u8ba9\u6c5f\u6838\u5fc3\u53ca\u5176\u52bf\u529b\u51fa\u5c40\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u90ed\u5b9d\u80dc\u8bf4\uff0c1980\u5e74\u7684\u515a\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u51c6\u5219\u662f\u5728\u53cd\u601d\u6587\u9769\u6559\u8bad\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7b49\u8d1f\u8d23\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e13\u65ad\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u548c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5e72\u90e8\u4eec\u90fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4e00\u4eba\u72ec\u88c1\u3001\u5168\u515a\u5168\u56fd\u906d\u6b83\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u515a\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u592e\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u662f\u8981\u98a0\u8986\u98a0\u89861980\u5e74\u515a\u5185\u751f\u6d3b\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u662f\u53cd\u7740\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u3001\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u3001\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u5168\u9762\u96c6\u6743\u3001\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u91cc\u9762\u4e5f\u8981\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u572819\u5927\u540e\u4e60\u5bb6\u519b\u5168\u9762\u5165\u5c40\u5165\u5e38\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u6210\u4e3a\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u673a\u6784\u4e5f\u4e0d\u65e0\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

▲\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\uff08VOA\uff0910\u670828\u65e5\u7126\u70b9\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff1a\u6743\u529b\u6025\u5267\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u6210\u5f53\u4ee3“\u9526\u8863\u536b”\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u53c2\u52a0\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u56db\u4f4d\u5609\u5bbe\u662f\uff1a\u72ec\u7acb\u8bc4\u8bba\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u7f51\u8def\u6742\u5fd7“\u7eb5\u89c8\u4e2d\u56fd”\u4e13\u680f\u4f5c\u5bb6\u90ed\u5b9d\u80dc\u5148\u751f\uff1b \u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u300a\u665a\u5e74\u5468\u6069\u6765\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u9ad8\u6587\u8c26\u5148\u751f\uff1b\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u8005\u7a0b\u6653\u519c\u5148\u751f\uff1b \u653f\u8bba\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u65f6\u4e8b\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u58eb\u9648\u7834\u7a7a\u5148\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u7a0b\u6653\u519c\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u63d0\u51fa\u7684“\u4ece\u4e25\u6cbb\u515a”\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u672c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u5b98\u573a“\u7115\u7136\u4e00\u65b0”\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u628a\u5404\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u4ece\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684“\u5f53\u5b98\u4e3a\u8d22\u8272”\u90a3\u79cd“\u6b6a\u5fc3\u601d”\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a“\u5728\u4f4d\u4e13\u8c0b\u653f”\u7684“\u597d\u516c\u5dee”\uff0c\u597d\u4e0a\u4e0b\u9f50\u5fc3\u6765\u633d\u6551\u4e0d\u65ad\u6ed1\u5761\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u5c40\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u4e1c\u5317\u5230\u5c71\u897f\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5927\u6279\u5012\u95ed\uff0c\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\u6025\u5267\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u675f\u624b\u65e0\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u79cd\u79cd\u8ff9\u8c61\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u738b\u5c90\u5c71\u4e0e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u662f“\u5371\u5c40\u610f\u8bc6”\uff0c\u90fd\u5e0c\u671b\u5236\u6b62\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u633d\u6551\u653f\u6743\u3002\u4f46\u9ad8\u5c42\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u7269\u8d28\u6fc0\u52b1\u6765\u9f13\u52b1\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6fc0\u52b1\u8d76\u4e0d\u4e0a\u8d2a\u8150\u6570\u989d\uff0c\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u7528\u738b\u5c90\u5c71\u7684“\u97ad\u5b50”\u9a71\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e72\u6d3b\u4e86\u3002\u81ea\u4ece\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7528\u53cd\u8150\u8d25\u6765\u63a8\u884c“\u4ece\u4e25\u6cbb\u515a”\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u7684“\u94a6\u5dee\u8859\u95e8”\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6269\u5f20\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u738b\u5c90\u5c71\u6240\u4f9d\u9760\u7684\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5bf9\u519b\u6743\u7b49\u8981\u5bb3\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u672c\u4e8b\u3002\u738b\u5c90\u5c71\u57284\u5e74\u53cd\u8150\u4e2d\u79ef\u7d2f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u9707\u6151\u529b\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6240\u8981\u501f\u91cd\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u738b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u572819\u5927\u65f6\u9000\u4f11\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u7a0b\u6653\u519c\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u8150\u8d25\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6267\u653f\u515a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u771f\u8981\u5168\u9762\u6293\u6355\u8d2a\u8150\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u7136“\u6253\u51fb\u4e00\u5927\u7247”\uff0c\u8ba9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u6c5f\u5c71\u574d\u584c\u5927\u534a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u53ea\u80fd\u662f“\u6559\u80b2\u4e00\u5927\u7247\uff0c\u6253\u51fb\u4e00\u5c0f\u64ae”\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd“\u6253\u51fb\u4e00\u5927\u7247”\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u8d2a\u8150\u5b98\u573a\u6587\u5316\u7684“\u6559\u80b2”\uff0c\u5404\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u76ee\u6807\u65e0\u975e\u5c31\u662f“\u6743\u3001\u94b1\u3001\u8272”\u4e09\u5b57\uff1b\u73b0\u5728“\u94b1\u548c\u8272”\u4e0d\u6562\u78b0\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9“\u6743”\u5374\u7edd\u5bf9\u7737\u604b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u75db\u6068\u53cd\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u5374\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f9d\u9644\u5b98\u573a\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd“\u9020\u53cd”\u3002\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u7684\u53cd\u8150\u5927\u7247\u300a\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u8def\u4e0a\u300b\u900f\u9732\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u4e00\uff0c\u4eca\u540e\u7684\u53cd\u8150\u91cd\u70b9\u662f8\u9879\u89c4\u5b9a\u516c\u5e03\u4e4b\u540e\u72af\u89c4\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4e\u5c42\u5b98\u5458\uff1b\u4e8c\uff0c\u4eca\u540e\u53cd\u8150\u4ee5\u8bad\u8beb\u5904\u5206\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709“\u6781\u6781\u5c11\u6570”\uff08\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc75%\uff09\u4f1a\u906d\u5230\u5211\u4e8b\u8ffd\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u90ed\u5b9d\u80dc\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u3001\u4e09\u6743\u5206\u7acb\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u5404\u7ea7\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u51cc\u9a7e\u4e8e\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u515a\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u76d1\u7763\u6210\u4e3a\u7a7a\u8bdd\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u80fd\u591f\u5236\u7ea6\u548c\u9707\u6151\u5b98\u540f\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6765\u81ea\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u529b\u6388\u6743\u7684\u515a\u5185\u7eaa\u68c0\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u7531\u4e8e\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u5e38\u59d4\u548c\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3001\u7531\u4e8e\u5229\u7528\u515a\u7eaa\u9ad8\u4e8e\u56fd\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff08\u68c0\u5bdf\u9662\u7684\u53cd\u8d2a\u5c40\u8fd8\u8981\u7acb\u6848\u8fd8\u8981\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u5404\u7ea7\u653f\u6cd5\u59d4\uff09\u3001\u7531\u4e8e\u529e\u7406\u4e86\u5468\u6c38\u5eb7\u3001\u8584\u7199\u6765\u3001\u90ed\u4f2f\u96c4\u3001\u4ee4\u8ba1\u5212\u7b49\u5927\u6848\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6709\u610f\u501f\u52a9\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u8fdb\u884c\u626b\u9664\u653f\u654c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u53cd\u8150\uff0c\u4f7f\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u8fab\u5b50\u53ef\u6293\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u5e72\u90e8\u5bf9\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u95fb\u98ce\u4e27\u80c6\uff0c\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\u7a7a\u524d\u5d1b\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u90ed\u5b9d\u80dc\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u672c\u6765\u662f\u515a\u5185\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\u68c0\u67e5\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u4fa6\u67e5\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u636e\u6d88\u606f\u62a5\u9053\u8981\u628a\u5404\u7ea7\u68c0\u5bdf\u9662\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u53cd\u8d2a\u5c40\u76f4\u63a5\u5212\u5f52\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u53f8\u6cd5\u6743\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u67e5\u3001\u62d8\u7559\u3001\u7a83\u542c\u3001\u9650\u5236\u51fa\u56fd\u7b49\u7b49\u53f8\u6cd5\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u914d\u67aa\u7684\u68c0\u5bdf\u5b98\u3002\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u5168\u4f1a\u516c\u62a5\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u4f1a\u5728\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e72\u90e8\u4e2d\u52a0\u5927\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u4f1a\u5f3a\u5316\u5bf9\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u548c\u5e38\u59d4\u7684\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7ea6\u675f\u5e38\u59d4\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u7684\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u6b63\u5982\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u62a5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u76d1\u5bdf\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u503e\u5411\u548c\u5bf9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u5ea6\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u5de9\u56fa\u5176\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9ad8\u6587\u8c26\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u638c\u63e1\u4e2d\u5171\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u751f\u6740\u4e88\u593a\u5927\u6743\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f“\u6743\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6743”\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u5b98\u573a\u6709\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u5929\u4e0d\u6015\u5730\u4e0d\u6015\uff0c\u5c31\u6015\u8001\u738b\u627e\u8c08\u8bdd\u3002\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u4e0d\u7ecf\u6cd5\u9662\u6279\u51c6\u79d8\u5bc6\u7f81\u62bc\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7ba1\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\uff0c\u515a\u653f\u519b\u3001\u5de5\u519c\u5546\u5b66\u5175\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d2\u624b\u7684\u3002\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u6761\u4f8b\uff0c\u628a\u53cd\u8150\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e5\u5e38\u5316\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u7531\u8c01\u6765\u76d1\u7763\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd\u540c\u4f53\u76d1\u7763\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4e\u6548\u4e43\u81f3\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u3002\u518d\u950b\u5229\u7684\u5200\u5203\uff0c\u4e5f\u780d\u4e0d\u4e86\u5200\u628a\u513f\u3002\u6839\u672c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e4b\u9053\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\u53cd\u8150\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u7684\u6743\u529b\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u53cd\u8150\u641e\u5f97\u58f0\u52bf\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5c31\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d8a\u8fdc\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

▲\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u5e7f\u64ad\u7535\u53f0\uff08RFI\uff0910\u670828\u65e5\u65b0\u95fb\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u65e2\u6210\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3 \u4f55\u9700\u7d27\u7b8d\u5492\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

▲\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\uff08DW\uff0910\u670829\u65e5\u4e13\u8bbf\uff1a“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6743\u529b\u7a7a\u524d<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u516d\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u95ed\u5e55\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u516c\u62a5\u4e2d\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5916\u754c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e2d\u5171\u544a\u522b\u4e86\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\uff1f\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6743\u529b\u7a7a\u524d\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfb\u6c42\u8fde\u4efb\u4e09\u5c4a\uff1f\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4b\u58f0\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u6f58\u5b87\u821f\uff08Matthias Stepan\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u56de\u5230\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u548c“\u6838\u5fc3”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u5236\u548c\u505a\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5c06\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u63a8\u4e3a“\u6838\u5fc3”\u3001\u5bf9\u5916\u5f62\u8c61\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5f3a\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u6539\u9769\u8ba1\u5212\u80fd\u5426\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u52a0\u5f3a\u9488\u5bf9\u5e72\u90e8\u4eec\u7684\u53cd\u8150\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u957f\u671f\u4e0a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u762b\u75ea\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6f58\u5b87\u821f\uff08 Matthias Stepan\uff09\u662f\u67cf\u6797\u58a8\u5361\u6258\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u8bfe\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\uff08VOA\uff0910\u670829\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u4f55\u6e05\u6d9f\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f55\u5bf9\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3\u5982\u6b64\u53cd\u611f\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

“\u6c5f\u6838\u5fc3”\u4e0e“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837<\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u4f46\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e0e\u6bdb\u9093\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bdb\u631f\u4e2d\u5171\u5efa\u653f\u4e4b\u529f\uff0c\u9093\u6709\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u4e4b\u7ee9\uff0c\u515a\u5185\u5bf9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u662f\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u5bf9\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u662f\u670d\u6c14\u3002\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8fd9\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e5f\u4e0e\u6c5f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06\u4e24\u4f4d\u6838\u5fc3\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u8981\u7684\u6982\u62ec\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u662f\u5229\u76ca\u7b3c\u7edc\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5206\u8d43\u5236\uff0c\u653e\u7eb5\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u5b98\u5458\u8d2a\u8150\uff0c\u4ee5“\u95f7\u58f0\u53d1\u5927\u8d22”\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u62e5\u62a4\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff1b\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5219\u662f\u5c06\u53cd\u8150\u5229\u5251\u67b6\u5728\u5b98\u5458\u8116\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u7528\u5a01\u6151\u6811\u7acb\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u6b64\u6709\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u4e2d\u7eaa\u59d4\u51e0\u5929\u524d\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a2013\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u515a\u5458\u56e0\u8d2a\u8150\u95ee\u9898\u53d7\u5230\u5904\u5206\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4f55\u63a5\u53d7“\u6c5f\u6838\u5fc3”\u800c\u62d2\u65a5“\u4e60\u6838\u5fc3”\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u4e0e\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u662f“\u5f00\u653e”\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u5219\u662f“\u5c01\u95ed”\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u534a\u539f\u56e0\u5219\u662f\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7980\u8d4b\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c111989\u5e746\u6708\u63a5\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u4e4b\u540e\u4e24\u5e74\u591a\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u5012\u584c\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4ece\u6b64\u8fdb\u5165\u5168\u7403\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u30021993\u5e741\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5c14·\u514b\u6797\u987f\u5165\u4e3b\u767d\u5bab\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u9996\u76f8\u6258\u5c3c·\u5e03\u83b1\u5c14\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5bc6\u7279\u6717\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u603b\u7406\u79d1\u5c14\u3001\u65bd\u7f57\u5fb7\u7b49\u4eba\u4e00\u9053\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u624b\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u51651972\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5168\u76db\u65f6\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u514b\u6797\u987f\u76848\u5e74\u4efb\u671f\uff081993-2001\uff09\u6b63\u597d\u4e0e\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u768413\u5e74\uff081989-2002\uff09\u91cd\u5408\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u7ade\u9009\u65f6\u66fe\u5ba3\u79f0“\u4ece\u5df4\u683c\u8fbe\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u653e\u8fc7”\uff0c\u4f46\u6210\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u540e\u7acb\u523b\u8d70\u4e0a\u52a1\u5b9e\u8def\u7ebf\u30021993\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u51fa\u5e2d\u5728\u897f\u96c5\u56fe\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u4e9a\u592a\u7ecf\u5408\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0e\u514b\u6797\u987f\u4f1a\u6664\u3002\u8fd9\u662f1989\u5e74\u540e\u4e24\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u5cf0\u4f1a\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6548\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u7f8e\u65b9\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u4eba\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u6700\u60e0\u56fd\u5f85\u9047\u8131\u94a9\u30021997\u5e7410\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c55\u5f00\u4e3a\u671f8\u5929\u7684\u56fd\u4e8b\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5728\u8bbf\u7f8e\u524d\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u6c5f\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u610f\u7b7e\u7f72\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u8ba9\u7f8e\u56fd\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4ed6\u7684“\u5f00\u653e\u8bda\u610f”\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e2d\u5171\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u4e25\u8083\u523b\u677f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5916\u4ea4\u573a\u5408\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7387\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ed6\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u5927\u58f0\u6717\u8bf5\u845b\u5e95\u65af\u5821\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u597d\u611f\u3002\u636e\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u8bf4\uff0c\u6c5f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u73cd\u8d35\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e24\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51b7\u51b0\u51b0\u76844\u6b21\u4f1a\u9762\u4e2d\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u5171\u9e23“\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e0e\u514b\u6797\u987f\u4e4b\u95f4\u6700\u6df1\u5165\u5766\u8bda\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed9\u7f8e\u56fd\u671d\u91ce\u7559\u4e0b\u6bd4\u8f83\u4eba\u6027\u5316\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u8c08”\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u4e3b“\uff0c\u800c\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03”\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u63a5\u8f68“\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6162\u6162\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u613f\u671b\u3002\u9ad8\u76db\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u987e\u95ee\u5e93\u6069\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u300a\u4ed6\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd——\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u4f20\u300b\uff0c\u4e3a\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u826f\u597d\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u8fdc\u80dc\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u7684\u89c2\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u514b\u6797\u987f\u65f6\u4ee3\u5b9a\u4e0b\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u534e\u5916\u4ea4\u56fd\u7b56“\u63a5\u89e6\u3001\u8bf4\u670d\u3001\u5f71\u54cd”——\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u5f00\u653e\uff1b\u542f\u52a8\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5408\u4f5c\u63f4\u52a9\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u8ba9\u5916\u56fdNGO\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5927\u91cf\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u6162\u6162\u6539\u53d8——\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5e76\u914d\u5408\u3002\u4ece\u90a3\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5916\u8d44\u5927\u91cf\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u7f8e\u6b27\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u8d44\u52a9\u7684NGO\u5927\u91cf\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5230\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u63a5\u73ed\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u8fbe\u6570\u5343\u5bb6\u4e4b\u591a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u63a5\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u4e00\u804c\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5185\u653f\u5916\u4ea4\u90fd\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u786c\u59ff\u6001\u3002\u5bf9\u5185\u6253\u538b\u5f02\u8bae\u4eba\u58eb\u4e0e\u7ef4\u6743\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u7ba1\u5236\u8206\u8bba\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u5728\u534eNGO\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u6392\u65a5\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u6709\u5411\u6bdb\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5f3a\u4e13\u5236\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002\u5bf9\u5916\u5219\u5c06\u539f\u6765\u5949\u884c\u7684\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u63a5\u8f68\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8981\u4e3b\u5bfc\u56fd\u9645\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5236\u8ba2\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e73\u8d77\u5e73\u5750\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u9886\u5bfc\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u6d77\u6d77\u57df\u7684\u5f3a\u786c\u59ff\u6001\u66f4\u662f\u8ba9\u90bb\u56fd\u6df1\u611f\u4e0d\u5b89\u3002\u51e1\u6b64\u79cd\u79cd“\u5d1b\u8d77”\u7684\u5f3a\u786c\u59ff\u6001\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e16\u754c\u6781\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8bc4\u8bba\u90fd\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u66fe\u6709\u8fc7“\u6838\u5fc3”\u79f0\u53f7\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u4e60\u6210\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u56de\u5f52\u5f3a\u4eba\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e16\u754c\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5171\u6709\u5229<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u5f3a\u4eba\u653f\u6cbb\u800c\u5ef6\u540e\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u522b\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4ece\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u65bd\u4e3a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u672a\u8868\u9732\u8fc7\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u534a\u70b9\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u6cd5\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u5e7f\u64ad\u7535\u53f0\uff08RFI\uff0910\u670829\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u62a5\u300b\u793e\u8bba\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd“\u65b0\u8235\u624b”\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u5f31\u70b9<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

10<\/span>\u670829\u53f7\u5468\u516d\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u62a5\u7eb8\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u62a5\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u793e\u8bba\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e0a\u4efb\u540e\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u5176\u4efb\u671f\u5185\u6240\u91c7\u53d6\u7684“\u4ece\u4e25\u6cbb\u515a”\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u5176\u7531\u6b64\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u515a\u5185“\u6838\u5fc3”\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5411\u5176\u8bfb\u8005\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6587\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u9053\u5728\u6700\u65b0\u515a\u5185\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u83b7\u5f97\u515a\u7684“\u6838\u5fc3”\u79f0\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u515a\u5185\u5386\u53f2\u5934\u8854\u4e0a\u6bd4\u80a9\u6bdb\u3001\u9093\u4e8c\u4f4d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u515a\u5185\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u5176\u804c\u4f4d\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u6b21\u57282017\u5e74\u5341\u4e5d\u5927\u4e2d\u592e\u9ad8\u5c42\u4eba\u4e8b\u6362\u5c4a\u524d\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e2a\u4eba\u515a\u5185\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5728“\u7ea2\u8272\u8d35\u65cf”\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6240\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\u5bf9“\u5f3a\u4eba\u9886\u8896”\u5d07\u62dc\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u7136\u800c\u6587\u7ae0\u6700\u540e\u7ed3\u8bba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0b\u964d\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e25\u7ba1\u5a92\u4f53\uff0c\u6253\u538b\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bcc\u8c6a\u7cbe\u82f1\u9636\u5c42\u9001\u5b69\u5b50\u51fa\u56fd\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8bc1\u660e\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u672a\u6765\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5176\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5f3a\u786c\u6001\u52bf\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u5176\u76df\u53cb\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\u5730\u533a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u65b9\u8bc9\u6c42\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

▲\u82f1\u56fd\u5e7f\u64ad\u516c\u53f8\uff08BBC\uff0910\u670830\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u8bb0\u8005\u535a\u5ba2\uff1a\u4e2d\u5171\u9886\u8896\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6743\u529b\u4e0e\u65e5\u4ff1\u589e<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

BBC<\/span>\u9a7b\u5317\u4eac\u8bb0\u8005\u9ea6\u7b1b\u6587\uff08Stephen McDonell\uff09<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u672c\u5468\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6b63\u5f0f\u79f0\u4f5c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684“\u6838\u5fc3”\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4ed6\u662f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5b57\u773c\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e00\u8fde\u56db\u5929\uff0c\u51e0\u767e\u540d\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u5728\u9996\u90fd\u53c2\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u653f\u6cbb\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u90a3\u53eb\u5168\u4f53\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f1a\u901a\u5e38\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e3e\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u515a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u65e5\u540e\u518d\u62ff\u5230\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u672c\u5468\u7684\u5168\u4f1a\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u5168\u4f53\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u56e2\u7ed3\u5728“\u4ee5\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u540c\u5fd7\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3”\u7684\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u5468\u56f4\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6838\u5fc3<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u7eaa\u59d4<\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u544a\u77e5\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8d2a\u8150\u5982\u6b64\u76db\u884c\uff0c\u515a\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\u5fc5\u987b\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u4e60\u5927\u5927<\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

\u8fd9\u91cc\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u4e00\u6863\u7535\u89c6\u8282\u76ee\u4e13\u95e8\u64ad\u51fa\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u8fdb\u76d1\u72f1\u524d\u5766\u767d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6811\u654c\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

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