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    <\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

2<\/span>\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u600e\u6837\u9010\u6e10\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7684\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

1946<\/span>\u5e74\u6211\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7684\u7956\u5c45\uff0c\u5c0f\u65f6\u4faf\u7ecf\u5e38\u542c\u7236\u4eb2\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

1986<\/span>\u5e748\u67086\u65e5<\/span>\u6211\u5230\u8fbe\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e9a\u741b\uff0c\u8fdb\u4fee\u4e8e\u4e9a\u741b\u5927\u5b66\u571f\u6728\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e13\u4e1a\u3002\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u91cc\u9605\u89c8\u56fe\u4e66\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u5230\u6709\u5173\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7684\u5fb7\u6587\u548c\u82f1\u6587\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u51fa\u4e4e\u6211\u7684\u610f\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\u3001\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7591\u60d1\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u4f7f\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u5730\u8d70\u4e0a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7684\u9053\u8def\u30021991\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u535a\u58eb\u7b54\u8fa9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u5a01\u65af\u5df4\u767b\u4e00\u5bb6\u9ad8\u94c1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u516c\u53f8\u4e0a\u73ed\uff0c\u628a\u5bb6\u5b89\u5728\u7f8e\u8335\u6cb3\u5bf9\u9762\u7684\u7f8e\u8335\u8328\u3002\u4f4f\u5728\u7f8e\u8335\u8328\u7684\u516b\u5e74\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u6211\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e13\u4e1a\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u6cd5\u5b66\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

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   <\/span><\/p>

\u53c8\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7591\u95ee\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u6709\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u7591\u95ee\u8fd8\u4ec5\u4ec5\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u70b9\u7ebf\u7d22\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53c8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4eca\u5e74\u5de7\u9022\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5148\u751f\u8bde\u8fb0\u4e00\u767e\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u6e9f\u601d\u82e6\u7d22\uff0c\u5c06\u6211\u5728\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u4e2d\u5df2\u5f97\u5230\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u64b0\u5199\u6210\u6b64\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u732e\u7ed9\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5148\u8d24\u3002\u5168\u6587\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u95ee\u548c\u4e00\u7b54\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u9610\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u95ee\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4eba\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u7b54\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u610f\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u9996\u5148\u662f\u4f4d\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u624d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5baa\u653f\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u65b0\u5112\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u6587\u4e8c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u95ee\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4e00\u751f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u7b54\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4e00\u751f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u6c11\u4e3b\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u575a\u51b3\u6279\u5224\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u6587\u4e09\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4e8c\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u610f\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/p>

1<\/span>\uff0c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u662f\u600e\u6837\u5730\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5728\u300a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6279\u5224\u300b\uff08\u84dd\u516c\u6b66\u8bd1 \uff09\u7b2c \u4e8c\u7bc7\u5148\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u5efa\u7b51\u672f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u9053<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u81ea\u6765\u54f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7eaf\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5b66\u7a76\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u4e13\u5c31\u5176\u6240\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b66\u95ee\u4e4b\u6027\u683c\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5176\u6240\u89c1\u8005\u4ec5\u5728\u5b66\u95ee\u6240\u4e13\u6709\u4e4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e4b\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u79cd“\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5”\u3002\u4f46\u5c1a\u6709\u54f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u53e6\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\uff08Conceptus cosmicus\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\u5e38\u6784\u6210\u54f2\u5b66\u540d\u79f0\u4e4b\u771f\u5b9e\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u6b64\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u5b9b\u7136\u4eba\u683c\u5316\uff0c\u53ca\u5176\u539f\u578b\u5728\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u65f6\u4e3a\u7136\u3002\u5c31\u6b64\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u4e43\u4e00\u5207\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u57fa\u672c\u76ee\u7684\uff08Teleologia rationis humanae\uff09\u76f8\u5173\u4e4b\u5b66\u95ee\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u975e\u7406\u6027\u9886\u57df\u4e4b\u6280\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u4e43\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u7acb\u6cd5\u8005\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e2d\uff0c\u51e1\u6709\u4eba\u81ea\u79f0\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u800c\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e0e“\u552f\u5b58\u4e8e\u7406\u5ff5\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6a21\u578b”\u76f8\u7b49\u8005\uff0c\u5b9e\u50ed\u5984\u4e4b\u81f3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5f15\u6587\u4e4b\u524d\u4e24\u53e5\u4e2d\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5c06\u54f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5212\u5206\u4e3a“\u5b66\u7a76\u6982\u5ff5”\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u548c“\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5”\u7684\u54f2\u5b66,“\u5b66\u7a76\u6982\u5ff5”\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb,\u76ee\u7684\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7edf—,\u4ece\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u79cd“\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5”,\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u79f0\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a“\u54f2\u5b66\u5320”\u3002\u800c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8ba4\u4e3a,“\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5”\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5730\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u301d\u54f2\u5b66″\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e2d\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5148\u7ed9\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e87\u5b9a\u4e49,\u5373\u4e3a“\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e00\u5207\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c”\u4e4b\u540e\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8f6c\u5230\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3014\u4ece\u4e8b\u54f2\u5b66\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u4eba),\u6307\u51fa\uff0c“\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u6027\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u8005\u3002”\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u533a\u522b\u5b66\u7a76\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6,\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u770b\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u628a\u54f2\u5b66\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u77e5\u8bc6\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7cfb\u7edf,\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u7a76\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u53eb“\u54f2\u5b66\u5320”\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u800c\u628a\u54f2\u5b66\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u7cbe\u795e\u8ffd\u6c42,\u4ee5\u81f3\u5584\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7406\u6027\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6dee\u5219,\u80fd\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

2<\/span>\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5173\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e00\u63d0\u8d77\u54f2\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6df1\u83ab\u6d4b\uff0c\u6349\u6478\u4e0d\u900f\u7684\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5bf9\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u518d\u719f\u7a14\u65e0\u6bd4\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u603b\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4e0e\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u6309\u8fd9\u79cd\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u770b\u6cd5\u548c\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u679c\u628a\u54f2\u5b66\u5f53\u6210\u4e00\u95e8\u5b66\u95ee\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u6bd4\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bb2\u7684\u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u81ea\u7136\u8981\u4e25\u683c\u8bb8\u591a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3001\u89c1\u89e3\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8ffd\u95ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u770b\u6cd5\u3001\u89c1\u89e3\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u4fe1\u5ff5\u662f\u600e\u6837\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff1f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6839\u636e\uff1f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7406\u7531\uff1f\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5408\u7406\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u4e0e\u522b\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u8c10\u5171\u5bb9\uff1f\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u548c\u522b\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u77db\u76fe\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u4ed6\u53cd\u590d\u7684\u53cd\u7701\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u601d\u8003\u540e\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3001\u89c1\u89e3\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4fe1\u5ff5\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u610f\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6709\u7406\u7531\u3001\u6709\u6839\u636e\u7684\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53cd\u590d\u7684\u53cd\u7701\u53cd\u601d\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u9010\u6e10\u5177\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4e86\u3002\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u901a\u4fd7\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53cd\u7701\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53cd\u7701\u7684\u601d\u8003\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3001\u89c1\u89e3\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5355\u5c31\u5b57\u4e49\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u53ef\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7231\u667a\u4e4b\u5b66\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u667a\u6167\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u968f\u4eba\u800c\u5f02\uff0c\u4e5f\u968f\u7740\u54f2\u5b66\u6d3e\u522b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6545\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u54f2\u5b66? \u662f\u4e2a\u5f88\u96be\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u628a\u54f2\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a“\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b87\u5b99\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u4eba\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u548c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u63a2\u7a76\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4ed6\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8b\u4f8b\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6210\u679c\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u53bb\u4e3e\u8bc1\uff0c\u53bb\u63d0\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u54f2\u5b66\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u539f\u7406\u6216\u7ed3\u8bba\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u628a\u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u7406\u7531\u3001\u8bc1\u636e\u4e00\u4e00\u4ea4\u4ee3\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u8981\u4ee5\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u6b64\u9879\u54f2\u5b66\u89c1\u89e3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u7acb\u573a\u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u6279\u5224\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u9879\u54f2\u5b66\u89c1\u89e3\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e00\u4e24\u6761\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d89\u53ca\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u6742\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u662f\u96be\u4e0a\u52a0\u96be\u7684\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u5177\u6709\u53cd\u7701\u6027\u3001\u666e\u904d\u6027\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u4e09\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4eba\u95ee\uff1a“\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f”\u6211\u4eec\u6216\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd5\u7740\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff1a“\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u4ee5\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u5168\u4f53\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u53cd\u7701\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u800c\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b66\u95ee\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u5bf9\u667a\u6167\u7684\u7231\u597d\u4e0e\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u754c\u6216\u662f\u5bf9\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a2\u7a76\u9996\u5148\u987b\u5177\u6709“\u6574\u4f53\u6027”\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u679d\u679d\u8282\u8282\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54f2\u5b66\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u5b58\u5728\u754c\u548c\u4eba\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u505a\u63a2\u7a76\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u8c61\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6216\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u3001\u675c\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5c31\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u601d\u8003\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5230\u5e95\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u771f\u7406\uff0c“\u771f\u7406”\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u53ea\u5728\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u6216\u53ea\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u6570\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u5168\u4f53\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u800c\u8a00\u4e3a\u771f\u3002\u771f\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u800c\u8a00\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u54f2\u5b66\u6240\u8ffd\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u4e3a“\u57fa\u7840\u6027”\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u6c42\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8c61\u5fb7\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5eb7\u5fb7\u6240\u95ee\u7684:“\u4eba\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48?”\u3001“\u4eba\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48?”\u3001“\u4eba\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u4ec0\u4e48?”\u3001“\u4eba\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?”\u7b49\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u57fa\u672c\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4e13\u95e8\u6027\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u6240\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u91cc\u624d\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u7b54\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd“\u6279\u5224\u6027”\u7684\u7814\u7a76 \u3002\u4ece\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5c31\u533a\u5206\u610f\u89c1\u6216\u4fe1\u5ff5(doxa)\u4e0e\u771f\u77e5(episteme)\u3002\u771f\u77e5\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u52a0\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\u548c\u53cd\u7701\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u505c\u7559\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u5e38\u8bc6\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd9\u70b9\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6279\u5224\u7cbe\u795e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5fc5\u987b\u8d77\u7801\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u9879\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684“\u5408\u7406\u6027”\u3001“\u666e\u904d\u6027”\u4ee5\u53ca“\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027”\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e2a\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u5462?<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u5408\u7406\u6027”(rationality)\u610f\u8c13\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u51fa\u7406\u7531\u3001\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0e\u8bba\u8bc1\u6765\u652f\u6301\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u524d\u63d0\u63a8\u5bfc\u5230\u7ed3\u8bba\u3001\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5c4f\u5f03\u6210\u89c1\u3001\u60c5\u6b32\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7406\u667a\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u613f\u610f\u7528\u601d\u8003\u4ee3\u66ff\u7eaf\u7cb9\u672c\u80fd\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u601d\u7d22\u751f\u786c\u8270\u6da9\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u90a3\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u60a6\uff0c\u4ed6(\u5979)\u613f\u610f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u628a\u4e2a\u4eba\u79cd\u79cd\u4fe1\u5ff5\u505a\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u8fde\u8d2f\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5176\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002\u5c31\u5982\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0e\u7406\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u6709\u975e\u7406\u6027\u3001\u60c5\u7eea\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6fc0\u60c5\u3001\u504f\u89c1\u3001\u4e0d\u52a0\u601d\u7d22\u6216\u7eaf\u7cb9\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u81f3\u4e8e“\u666e\u904d\u6027”(universality)\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5219\u610f\u6307:\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u4f55\u65f6\u3001\u4f55\u5730\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u5bf9\u6211\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u6211\u7684\u540c\u80de\uff0c\u6216\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u6027\u522b\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u6216\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u4eba:\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u9898\u8981\u591f\u683c\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4e3a\u771f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ecd\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u5148\u8d24\u3001\u4e0e\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5fb7\u56fd\u5148\u8d24\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e4b\u7f18\u6545\u3002\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u54f2\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0e\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u3001\u533a\u57df\u6027\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u6027\u683c\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

\u56e0\u6b64\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u603b\u662f\u8c61\u4e16\u754c\u516c\u6c11\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5b87\u5b99\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5173\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u6240\u8c13“\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027”(objectivity)\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u610f\u6307\u771f\u5b9e\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e16\u754c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53cd\u6620\u4e2a\u522b\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u5728\u672c\u8d28\uff0c“\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027”\u4e00\u8bcd\u663e\u7136\u6765\u81ea“\u5ba2\u89c2”(object)\u4e00\u8bcd\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u5ba2\u4f53\uff0c\u6211\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u6216\u53d1\u8a00\u8005\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0e\u6211\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f57\u5217\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u5ba2\u4f53\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u5728\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e3b\u4f53\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u8868\u76f8\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4ed4\u7ec6\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\uff0d\uff0d\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3001\u666e\u904d\u6027\u4e0e\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027\uff0d\uff0d\u6709\u6240\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5927\u591a\u6570\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u8fd9\u4e48\u60f3\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5047\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e00\u771f\u7406\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5fc5\u7136\u51fa\u81ea\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5206\u4eab\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u666e\u904d\u7684\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u6027\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4e3a\u771f\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u7edd\u975e\u690d\u57fa\u4e8e\u6211\u4eba\u4e3b\u89c2\u800c\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u672c\u6027\u3002\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u4e3b\u5f20\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\uff0d\uff0d\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3001\u666e\u904d\u6027\u4e0e\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027\uff0d\uff0d\u5f7c\u6b64\u5305\u542b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7eaf\u6b63\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u660e\u786e\u7684\u754c\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u5f53\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\u6216\u9886\u57df\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u65f6\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u9650\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6682\u4e14\u70b9\u5230\u4e3a\u81f3\uff0c\u7559\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u518d\u6765\u8bb2\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>

         <\/span><\/p>

3<\/span>\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u610f\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u627f\u8ba4.\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u662f\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5230\u5fb7\u56fd(1920\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u81f3 1922\u5e741\u6708)\u5728\u5965\u5c14\u80af\u6559\u6388\u5e95\u4e0b\u5b66\u4e60\u54f2\u5b66\u3002 \u5965\u5c14\u80af\u6559\u6388\u662f\u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u90a3\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\u7684\u9996\u53f7\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u4ece\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4ed6\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u79d1\u73ed\u51fa\u8eab\u3002\u4ece1930\u5e74\u52301931\u5e748\u6708\u88ab\u5965\u5c14\u80af\u6559\u6388\u9080\u8bf7\u5728\u8036\u62ff\u5927\u5b66\u5f53\u5ba2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388(\u5fb7\u6587\u8d44\u6599\u4e2d\u7528Gastprofessor) \u5e76\u4e0e\u5965\u5c14\u80af\u6559\u6388\u5408\u8457\u4e00\u672c\u54f2\u5b66\u4e13\u8457\uff0c \u8fd9\u662f\u5965\u5c14\u80af\u6559\u6388\u5bf9\u5f02\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u8363\u8a89\u30021931\u5e74\u88ab\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u8058\u7528\u4e3a\u54f2\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u8bb2\u6388\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u66fe\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u591a\u90e8 \u54f2\u5b66\u4e13\u8457 \uff0c\u5982\u4ed61957\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u4e13\u8457 \u300a\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u9a73\u8bba\u300b\u3002\u8c01\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u5b9a\u4ed6\u662f\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002 <\/span><\/p>

     <\/span><\/p>

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      <\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

1<\/span>\uff09\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u5929\u6761\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf4\u660e<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

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    <\/span><\/p>

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    <\/span><\/p>

\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u5929\u6761\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u8bb2\uff0c\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u5929\u6761\u4e2d\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9a6c\u5217\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u8f9b\u704f\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9a71\u9664\u9a6c\u5217\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u9a71\u9664\u9a6c\u5217\u7684\u786e\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6700\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8bf4\u8d77\u600e\u6837\u7528\u9a71\u9664\u9a6c\u5217\u4e3a\u6700\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\u7528\u9a71\u9664\u9a6c\u5217\u4e3a\u7eb2\uff0c\u6765\u5206\u6790\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u52a8\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u8bb2\u8d77\u600e\u6837\u6765\u5206\u8fa8\u5404\u79cd\u601d\u6f6e\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6279\u5224\u4e0e\u53cd\u9a73\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u4eba\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e16\u754c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8bb2\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      <\/span><\/p>

2<\/span>\uff09\u4eba\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e16\u754c\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

“\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u4eba\u603b\u662f\u8981\u4f5c\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u628a\u4eba\u5bf9\u5176\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\u3001\u5224\u65ad\u79f0\u4e3a\u5047\u5b9a\u6216\u5047\u8bf4\u3002\u5047\u5b9a\u6216\u5047\u8bf4\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u662f\u5bf9\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6709\u628a\u63e1\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u800c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u731c\u6d4b\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u5047\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u666e\u904d\u6027\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5047\u8bf4\u82e5\u88ab\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u79f0\u5b83\u4e3a\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9a\u5f8b\u6982\u62ec\u5347\u534e\u800c\u6210\u3001\u66f4\u5177\u666e\u904d\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bb2\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8fd9\u8bcd\u8bd1\u81ea\u4e8e\u82f1\u6587\u4e2d\u7684theory\uff0c\u5fb7\u6587\u4e2d\u7684theorie\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u8bd1\u4e3a\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u800c\u82f1\u6587\u5fb7\u6587\u7b49\u897f\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8fd9\u8bcd\u90fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u7684theorein\uff0c\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u610f\u662f\u89c2\u770b\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u601d\u8003\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6db5\u4e49\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6539\u53d8\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u89c2\u770b\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u601d\u8003\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u5f00\u666e\u52d2\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u592a\u9633\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\u6027\u7684\u4e07\u6709\u5f15\u529b\u7406\u8bba\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u5207\u7269\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u822c\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u516d\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a\u89e3\u91ca\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u5f00\u53d1\u6280\u672f\u6216\u5236\u5b9a\u6539\u9769\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6216\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u68c0\u522b\u5176\u4ed6\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002”\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5f15\u81ea\u4e8e\u5b5f\u6cf3\u65b0\uff1a\u300a\u8d28\u7591\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u771f\u7406\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u6dee\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u628a\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u6982\u62ec\u5347\u534e\u3001\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u4e3a\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u9886\u57df\u5185\u66f4\u5177\u666e\u904d\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u6216\u5b66\u8bf4\u3001\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5bf9\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3001\u666e\u904d\u6027\u4e0e\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7f57\u7d20\uff0c \u6000\u7279\u6d77\u8fd9\u4e8c\u4f4d“\u5f3a\u5f3a\u8054\u5408”\u7684\u8457\u540d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8017\u65f6\u7ea6\u4e3a\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u8457\u4f5c \u300a\u6570\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\u7684\u521d\u7a3f\u7ec8\u4e8e\u4e8e1910\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u300a\u6570\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\u4e0d\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c \u5374\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u9ad8\u5cf0\u4e4b\u4f5c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u6d69\u7e41\uff0c \u7f57\u7d20\u5c06\u624b\u7a3f\u88c5\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7bb1\u5b50\uff0c \u96c7\u4e86\u56db\u8f6e\u9a6c\u8f66\u8fd0\u5230\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e \u3002 \u51fa\u7248\u793e\u5bf9\u51fa\u7248\u8fd9\u90e8\u5de8\u8457\u7684 “\u5229\u6da6” \u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c \u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u4e0d\u9f13\u821e\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a \u8d1f 600 \u82f1\u9551\u3002\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u613f\u610f\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5de8\u8457\u8d54\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u94b1\uff0c300 \u82f1\u9551\u3002 \u5728\u7f57\u7d20\u4e0e\u6000\u7279\u6d77\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u4e0b\uff0c \u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u6177\u6168\u89e3\u56ca\uff0c \u8d5e\u52a9\u4e86 200 \u82f1\u9551\u3002 \u4f46\u6700\u540e\u7684 100 \u82f1\u9551 \u53ea\u80fd\u644a\u6d3e\u5230\u7f57\u7d20\u548c\u6000\u7279\u6d77\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u5934\u4e0a\uff0c \u6bcf\u4eba 50 \u82f1\u9551 (\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e 2006 \u5e74\u7684 7,000 \u591a\u7f8e\u5143)\u3002 \u4f46\u7f57\u7d20\u548c\u6000\u7279\u6d77\u5bf9\u6b64\u6df1\u611f\u81ea\u8c6a\uff0c \u5728\u5411\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u7533\u8bf7\u8d5e\u52a9\u7684\u4fe1\u91cc\uff0c \u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8fd9\u90e8\u4e66\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027 \u3001 \u63a8\u7406\u7684\u7f1c\u5bc6\u6027 \u4ee5\u53ca\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5b8c\u5907\u6027 \u3002<\/span><\/p>

       <\/span><\/p>

\u4f46\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c1931 \u5e74\uff0c\u5965\u5730\u5229\u4eba\u54e5\u5fb7\u5c14 (Kurt Gödel)\uff0c \u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c \u9898\u4e3a \u300a\u8bba\u300a\u6570\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5224\u5b9a\u547d\u9898\u300b \uff0c \u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4e3a\u540e\u4e16\u79f0\u4f5c\u4e4b\u54e5\u5fb7\u5c14\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u5b9a\u7406 \uff0c \u5b83\u8868\u660e\u50cf\u300a\u6570\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u5047\u5982\u662f\u81ea\u6d3d\u7684\uff0c \u5c31\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5907\u7684──\u5373\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u771f\u547d\u9898\u3002\u54e5\u5fb7\u5c14\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u6027\u5b9a\u7406\u5bf9\u300a\u6570\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\u8d77\u4e86\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5b8c\u5907\u6027 \u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u4e0d\u6613\u554a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u8054\u60f3\u5230\u5927\u9646\u8fd9\u51e0\u5e74\u8fde\u7eed\u641e\u7684\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u6c5f\u6cfd\u6c11\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u68a6\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u90a3\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u5bf9\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u5e7c\u7a1a\u548c\u53ef\u7b11\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u53ef\u662f\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5e38\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u5f15\u51fa\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\u4e92\u76f8\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u4e92\u76f8\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u7269\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u73b0\u8c61\u90fd\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u5427\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u592a\u9633\u7cfb\u5929\u4f53\u8fd0\u52a8\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u5730\u5fc3\u8bf4\u548c\u65e5\u5fc3\u8bf4\u4e8c\u79cd\u8fe5\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u5c31\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8bba\u6218\uff0c\u8d28\u7591\u3001\u6279\u5224\u3001\u53cd\u9a73\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb2\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8bba\u6218\u3001\u6279\u5224\u4e0e\u53cd\u6279\u5224\u4f7f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a5\u8fd1\u771f\u7406\u3002”\uff08\u5f15\u81ea\u4e8e\u5b5f\u6cf3\u65b0\uff1a\u300a\u8d28\u7591\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u771f\u7406\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u6dee\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

3<\/span>\uff09\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4e00\u751f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u8bda\u4fe1\u5730\u4ee5\u9a71\u9664\u9a6c\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u594b\u6597\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u9a71\u9664\u9a6c\u5217\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5ba1\u89c6\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9996\u8981\u6807\u6dee\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u8d2f\u4e4b\u5730\u53bb\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u6240\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002    <\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4ece\u9a71\u9664\u9a6c\u5217\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6765\u601d\u8003\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5427\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8981\u95ee\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u8c01\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c“\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d70\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d70\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u8def\u7684”\uff1f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u8c01“\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d70\u5217\u5b81\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d70\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u9053\u8def\u7684”\u63d0\u7684\u7406\u7531\u6700\u5145\u5206\u3001\u6700\u5168\u9762\u3001\u6700\u6fc0\u70c8\u3001\u6700\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u3001\u6700\u5bcc\u8fdc\u89c1\u6027\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4ee5\u4e16\u754c\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u81ea\u5c45\uff0c\u6545\u7279\u5c06\u4ed6\u7684\u522b\u53f7\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u662f\u5eb7\u5fb7\u610f\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e16\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e16\u4e0a\u6709\u592a\u591a\u592a\u591a\u540d\u4e0d\u4ed8\u5b9e\uff0c\u8a00\u884c\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u662f\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u6bd4\u6bd4\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4e00\u751f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u6c11\u4e3b\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u575a\u51b3\u6279\u5224\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4ee5\u5eb7\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b66\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e2d1920\u5e74\u5c31\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u524d\u9014\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4e\uff1f\u4fc4\u56fd\u4e4e\uff1f\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e2d\u5168\u9762\u6e05\u9192\u8bc6\u7834\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u53d1\u8868\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u9a73\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u8be5\u4e66\u4e2d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c“\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6653\u6653\uff0c\u8bda\u4e0d\u613f\u543e\u516d\u4e07\u4e07\u540c\u80de\u968f\u82cf\u8054\u800c\u6b89\u846c\u4e5f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5bf9\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u5224\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u5206\u95e8\u522b\u7c7b\u5730\u7cbe\u9009\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

1<\/span>\uff0e\u5bf9\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u4e4b\u6279\u5224\uff1a<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

 \u4e00 \uff09\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u8bb2\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u63d0\u4eba\u9053\uff0c\u8e42\u8e8f\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u5265\u593a\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

\u4ece1919\u5e74\u81f31921\u5e74\u65c5\u6b27\u4e09\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\u95f4\u5c45\u7559\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5148\u540e\u62dc\u8bbf\u4e86\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff0c\u4f2f\u6069\u65af\u5766\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u66fc\u7b49\u5f53\u65f6\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u515a\u653f\u8981\u5458\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u66fe\u8bbf\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u4e8e\u75c5\u584c\uff0c\u8003\u8328\u57fa\u544a\u8bc9\u5f20\uff0c“ \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5265\u593a\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5236\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d5e\u6210\u3002”\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u300a1919\u5e74\u81f31921\u5e74\u65c5\u6b27\u9014\u4e2d\u4e4b\u653f\u6cbb\u5370\u8c61\u53ca\u543e\u4eba\u6240\u5f97\u4e4b\u6559\u8bad\u300b\u987521\uff09<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4e8c\uff09\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u5931\u4e8e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u57281920\u5e747\u670815\u65e5\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u89e3\u653e\u4e0e\u6539\u9020\u300b\u7b2c2\u5377\u7b2c14\u671f\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u524d\u9014\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e4e\uff1f\u4fc4\u56fd\u4e4e\uff1f\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u8bf4\uff0c<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“ \u4ec6\uff08\u6211\uff0c\u81ea\u79f0\uff09\u4e8e\u5fb7\u3001\u4fc4\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u5de6\u4e4b\u53f3\u4e4b\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u5b9e\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5176\u53d6\u91c7\u4e4b\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4ec6\u4e3a\u5e0c\u5180\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\u89e3\u51b3\u793e\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u6545\u5bf9\u4e8e\u84dd\u5b81\uff08\u5373\u5217\u5b81\uff09\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u4e0d\u6562\u82df\u540c\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u81ea\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e24\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u5f02\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0e\u975e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\u8861\u4e4b\u3002\u7136\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6b62\u6b64\uff0c\u6761\u4e3e\u4e4b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4fc4\u84dd\u5b81\uff08\u5373\u5217\u5b81\uff09\u9769\u547d\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u89e3\u6563\u56fd\u6c11\u4f1a\u8bae\u800c\u4ee5\u5168\u4fc4\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4ee3\u4e4b\uff0c\u5fb7\u4e8e\u9769\u547d\u521d\u671f\u867d\u53ec\u96c6\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u5e9f\u4e4b\u800c\u4ee3\u4ee5\u56fd\u6c11\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u4fc4\u4e4b\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u9650\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u9636\u7ea7\uff08\u8be6\u7ec6\u89c1\u62d9\u8bd1\u4fc4\u5baa\u6cd5\uff09\uff1b\u5fb7\u4e4b\u56fd\u6c11\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u56fd\u6c11\u5747\u6709\u9009\u4e3e\u3001\u88ab\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u4fc4\u4e4b\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e00\u9636\u7ea7\u6240\u5360\u4e4b\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\uff1b\u5fb7\u4e4b\u4ee3\u8868\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u4e3a\u56fd\u6c11\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u8f85\u4e4b\u4ee5\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\uff0c\u5f97\u53c2\u4e0e\u7acb\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff08\u56db\uff09\u4fc4\u4e4b\u571f\u5730\u56fd\u6709\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u56fd\u6709\uff0c\u7531\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u51fa\u8d54\u507f\u800c\u5f3a\u5f81\u6536\u4e4b\uff1b\u5fb7\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4ea6\u8ba4\u56fd\u6709\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u7136\u5176\u65bd\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531\u8bae\u4f1a\u8bae\u51b3\uff0c\u4e14\u91c7\u53d6\u8d54\u507f\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\uff08\u5927\u8981\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u4ea6\u6709\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u8be6\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u8bc4\u300b\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u84dd\u5b81\uff08\u5373\u5217\u5b81\uff09\u653f\u5e9c\u62b1\u6301\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u4e0d\u4e0e\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5408\u7ec4\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u5927\u4e49\uff1b\u5fb7\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u4ee5\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u6d3e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7eaf\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u5185\u9601\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u72ec\u7acb\u6d3e\u51fa\u9601\u540e\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5408\u7ec4\u6df7\u5408\u5185\u9601\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\uff08\u516d\uff09\u84dd\u5b81\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u5217\u5b81\uff09\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5728\u9769\u547d\u540e\u4e4b\u8fc7\u6e21\u671f\u5185\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u4e4b\u53c2\u653f\u3001\u96c6\u4f1a\u3001\u62a5\u7eb8\uff0c\u5e94\u52a0\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6545\u65bd\u884c\u8d2b\u6c11\u4e13\u5236\uff1b\u5fb7\u5219\u65e0\u6b64\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u5e9f\u56fd\u6c11\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e5f\uff1b\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u9650\u4e8e\u4e00\u9636\u7ea7\u4e5f\uff0c\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u6cbb\u4e5f\uff0c\u56fd\u6709\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u7acb\u65f6\u65bd\u884c\u4e0e\u975e\u8d54\u507f\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4ed6\u515a\u5408\u7ec4\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u6e21\u671f\u5185\u65bd\u884c\u8d2b\u6c11\u4e13\u5236\u4e5f\uff0c\u6b64\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u7279\u70b9\u4e5f\u3002\u53ec\u96c6\u56fd\u6c11\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u6743\u666e\u53ca\u4e8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4e5f\uff0c\u8bae\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e5f\uff0c\u56fd\u6709\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u975e\u7acb\u65f6\u65bd\u884c\u4e0e\u91c7\u53d6\u8d54\u507f\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u515a\u5408\u7ec4\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\uff0c\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\u8d2b\u6c11\u4e13\u5236\u4e5f\uff0c\u6b64\u5fb7\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u7279\u70b9\u4e5f\u3002\u51e1\u6b64\u84dd\u5b81\uff08\u5373\u5217\u5b81\uff09\u6240\u884c\u800c\u5fb7\u6240\u4e0d\u884c\u4e4b\u516d\u7aef\uff0c\u300a\u6c11\u56fd\u300b\u8bb0\u8005\u800c\u4e00\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e14\u6301\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4eca\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e4b\u7eb2\u9886\uff0c\u5219\u5eb6\u8db3\u4ee5\u81ea\u9644\u4e8e\u84dd\u5b81\uff08\u5373\u5217\u5b81\uff09\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u77e3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

“\u56fd\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7acb\uff0c\u5fc5\u8d56\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u82df\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u56fd\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b58\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u6cd5\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u7acb\u4e5f\uff0c\u5fc5\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e4b\u673a\u5173\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e4b\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u82e5\u82df\u7109\u4ee5\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u4e4b\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u6613\u4e4b\uff0c\u5219\u6cd5\u4e3a\u975e\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u5fc5\u4e71\u3002\u8bda\u4ee5\u4eca\u65e5\u543e\u4ee5\u5f3a\u529b\u63a8\u7ffb\u4eba\uff0c\u5219\u660e\u65e5\u4eba\u4ea6\u5f97\u4ee5\u5f3a\u529b\u63a8\u7ffb\u543e\u3002\u5982\u662f\u4e24\u76f8\u63a8\u7ffb\uff0c\u867d\u6709\u5229\u56fd\u798f\u6c11\u4e4b\u7f8e\u610f\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e14\u53d8\u4e3a\u7978\u56fd\u6b83\u6c11\u4e4b\u66b4\u4e3e\u77e3\uff01\u516c\u5c1d\u6709\u8bed\uff0c\u4eca\u540e\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8fa8\u8005\uff0c\u53a5\u5728\u7ea2\u8272\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6cd5\u7edf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u6b64\u6b63\u543e\u4e4b\u6240\u4e3a\u65a4\u65a4\u8005\u3002\u6b64\u81ea\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7edf\u7cfb\u4e0a\uff0c\u543e\u4e0d\u6562\u6b4c\u9882\u84dd\u5b81\uff08\u5373\u5217\u5b81\uff09\u5f0f\u4e4b\u9769\u547d\u8005\u4e8c\u4e5f\u3002\u4ed6\u82e5\u8d22\u4ea7\u4e4b\u6ca1\u6536\u4e5f\uff0c\u8d2b\u6c11\u4e13\u5236\u4e4b\u65bd\u884c\u4e5f\uff0c\u5f7c\u81ea\u6709\u5176\u7279\u522b\u4e4b\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u7136\u6309\u4e4b\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u5927\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u65e0\u4e0d\u76f8\u53db\u8c2c\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

        <\/span><\/p>

“\u4e8e\u662f\u5404\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u6709\u4e24\u8bf4\u7109\uff1b\u4e00\u66f0\u9f13\u52a8\u56fd\u6c11\uff0c\u6c42\u8bae\u4f1a\u591a\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u672c\u591a\u6570\u540e\u76fe\u4ee5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u653f\u5e9c\u800c\u5b9e\u884c\u9769\u547d\uff1b\u4e8c\u66f0\u4ee5\u66b4\u52a8\u624b\u6bb5\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u5e9c\u800c\u5b9e\u884c\u9769\u547d\u3002\u524d\u8005\u6240\u8c13\u8bae\u4f1a\u7684\u653f\u7565\u662f\u4e5f\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u6240\u8c13\u9769\u547d\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u662f\u4e5f”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      <\/span><\/p>

“\u5fb7\u4ee5\u504f\u4e8e\u8bae\u4f1a\u653f\u7565\u6545\uff0c\u5931\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u5f97\u4e8e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u4fc4\u4ee5\u504f\u4e8e\u9769\u547d\u624b\u6bb5\u6545\uff0c\u5f97\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u5931\u4e8e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e0d\u6613\u6298\u8877\uff0c\u5f70\u5f70\u660e\u751a\u3002\u5373\u540e\u6709\u7ee7\u8d77\u8005\uff0c\u6050\u4ea6\u96be\u9003\u5fb7\u3001\u4fc4\u4e4b\u5f80\u8f99\u4e5f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u4e09\uff09\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u65e0\u4e00\u4e1d\u4e00\u6beb\u4e4b\u9053\u5fb7\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

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     <\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

2<\/span>\uff0e\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e13\u5236\u72ec\u88c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u65f6\u5c31\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e13\u5236\u72ec\u88c1\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u5236\u662f“\u5236\u9020\u9769\u547d\u3001\u915d\u917f\u6df7\u4e71”\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u5236\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u56db\u70b9\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u4e13\u653f\u4e0d\u8bb8\u65c1\u4eba\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u653f\u7b56\u6613\u53cd\u590d\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u4e13\u653f\u65e0\u56fd\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u6839\u636e\uff0c\u6613\u8d77\u56fd\u5185\u6b66\u529b\u4e4b\u4e89\uff1b\u4e09\u662f\u4e13\u653f\u4e0d\u77e5\u8d23\u4efb\u4e4b\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e8e\u65e0\u803b\uff1b\u56db\u662f\u4e13\u653f\u4e0b\u4e4b\u6c11\u610f\u51fa\u4e8e\u64cd\u7eb5\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u80fd\u529b\u65e0\u53d1\u5c55\u4e4b\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u6709\u5e9f\u6b62\u8bad\u653f\uff0c“\u901f\u8bae\u56fd\u5baa\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u653f\u515a\u653f\u6cbb”\u624d\u662f\u5efa\u56fd\u4e4b\u51fa\u8def\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6df1\u4fe1\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u66b4\u529b\u9769\u547d\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u53ea\u80fd\u662f“\u4e00\u79cd\u66b4\u653f\u4ee3\u66ff\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u66b4\u653f”\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u4e4b\u6539\u9020\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ee5\u5f80\u6570\u5343\u5e74\u6765\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u671d\u4ee3\u66f4\u8fed\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u52a8\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u51ed\u501f\u6b66\u529b\u89e3\u51b3\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e“\u6301\u529b\u4e0d\u6301\u7406”\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e38\u4ee5\u4e00\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3a\u5176\u5974\u4e5f\uff1b\u800c“\u7406\u6027\u653f\u6cbb”\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5219\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc3\u7075\u3001\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc3\u7075\u3001\u610f\u5fd7\u81ea\u7531\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u624d\u591f\u5f97\u4e0a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u7406\u6027\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c“\u592b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u672c\uff0c\u8981\u4ee5\u627f\u8ba4\u4eba\u4e4b\u4eba\u683c\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u4e3a\u65e8\u5f52”\u3002\uff08\u5f15\u81ea\u4e8e\u5cb3\u5e86\u5e73 \u300a\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u9053\u8def\u601d\u60f3\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

3<\/span>\uff0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u8e42\u8e8f\u4eba\u6743\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

1944<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u300a\u4e24\u65f6\u4ee3\u4eba\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u6982\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u540e\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6743\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u5fb7\u610f\u65e5\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u5bf9\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u8e42\u8e8f\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u632b\u6298\u3002\u82cf\u4fc4\u5265\u593a\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e43\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b64\u4eba\u4eec\u672a\u5c1d\u4e0d\u4e88\u4ee5\u8c05\u89e3\u3002\u5176\u540e\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d8\u672c\u52a0\u5389\uff0c\u897f\u6b27\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u4e4b\u4eba\u6743\u4fdd\u969c\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u626b\u5730\u5c3d\u77e3\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u897f\u65b9\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u9e44\u7684\uff0c\u4e13\u91cd\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\uff1b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u4eca\u65e5\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u4f9d\u5f52\uff0c\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e94“\u5408\u6b64\u4e8c\u8005\u4ee5\u6bd5\u5176\u5168\u529f\u4e8e\u4e00\u5f79”\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u82f1\u7f8e\u65e0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u80fd\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u8f83\u6613\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1b\u800c\u82cf\u8054\u867d\u91cd\u89c6\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u8868\u8fbe\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u5b9e\u73b0\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u5929\u5730\u95f4\u6700\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5“\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u628a\u4eba\u5f53\u4eba”\uff0c\u800c“\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u5c0a\u91cd\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u5265\u593a\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u4e0d\u53d6”\u3002\uff08\u5f15\u81ea\u4e8e\u5cb3\u5e86\u5e73 \u300a\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u9053\u8def\u601d\u60f3\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u6c11\u4e3b\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u4eba\u6c11\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e00\u5207\u91cd\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7531\u4eba\u6c11\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7531\u522b\u4eba\u6765\u8d8a\u4fce\u4ee3\u5e96\u3002\u5373\u56fd\u5bb6\u91cd\u8981\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7531\u4eba\u6c11\u6709\u6743\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u7ed9\u4e88\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u5229\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8df5\u8e0f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u6743\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b”\u3002\uff08\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u793e\u515a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u300b1948\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5386\u53f2\u6863\u6848\u9986\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u300b \u6863\u6848\u51fa\u7248\u793e1988\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c200\u4e00201\u9875\u3002\uff09<\/span><\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>

4<\/span>\uff0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u7834\u574f\u5baa\u653f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u4e09\u9879\u4e4b\u4fdd\u969c\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a“\u543e\u56fd\u4e4b\u8bed\u66f0\uff1a\u6c11\u4e3a\u90a6\u672c\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u4e4b\u8bed\u66f0\uff1a\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e3b\u6743\u5728\u6c11\u3002\u7136\u6c11\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e4b\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u82df\u5728\u56fd\u4e2d\u4e00\u65e0\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u800c\u671f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u90a6\u672c\uff0c\u671f\u5176\u884c\u4f7f\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u76d6\u4ea6\u96be\u77e3\u3002”\u53ea\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u4eba\u6c11\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u79fb\u8ba9\u7684\u6743\u5229\u7ed9\u4e88\u5207\u5b9e\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u517b\u6210\u72ec\u7acb\u4eba\u683c\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4eba\u6c11\u4f5c\u4e3a\u90a6\u672c\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u771f\u6b63\u884c\u4f7f\u4e3b\u6743\u3002“\u60df\u6709\u5728\u6b64\u65b9\u9762\u7740\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u5baa\u653f\u4e43\u6709\u57fa\u7840”\uff0c\u72b9\u5982\u9020\u5c4b\u4e4b\u5e94\u5148\u6709\u77f3\u811a\uff0c\u6cbb\u6c34\u4e4b\u5e94\u7a77\u5176\u6e90\u5934\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/span><\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>

1946<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u6765\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6f6e\u6fc0\u8361\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5728\u6c11\u56fd\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u611f\u89c9\u5b64\u7acb\uff0c\u5de6\u9762\u4fc4\u56fd\u9f13\u5439\u4e16\u754c\u9769\u547d\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u6b63\u5728\u56fd\u5171\u5408\u4f5c\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u8bad\u653f\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u4e00\u515a\u4e13\u653f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e73\u65f6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u5b9d\u8d35\u8005\u5982\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u8a00\u8bba\u7ed3\u793e\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4e3a\u4e24\u515a\u6240\u629b\u5f03\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u591a\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e5f\u90fd\u629b\u5165\u5927\u6d77\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u515a\u7684\u70ae\u5f39\u4e92\u76f8\u53d1\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u5728\u706b\u7ebf\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u7b97\u5f97\u6700\u5371\u9669\u65f6\u671f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>

1947<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u5baa\u6cd5\u5341\u8bb2\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a“\u5728\u5e1d\u738b\u4e13\u5236\u7684“\u4e00\u6743\u653f\u6cbb”\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u5927\u6743\u5982\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u884c\u653f\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u7edf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u6743\u529b\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u6beb\u65e0\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u8fd1\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e09\u6743\u5206\u7acb\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u4e86\u4e0d\u8d77\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e00\u515a\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c“\u4e00\u6743\u653f\u6cbb”\u7167\u6837\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6267\u653f\u515a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5728\u4e09\u6743\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u4f5c\u6240\u4e3a\u540c\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e13\u5236\u5e1d\u738b\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u7531\u4e8e“\u4e00\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u4e09\u6743\u6df7\u5408\u4e4b\u653f\u6cbb\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u5265\u593a\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u7531”\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5“\u4e09\u6743\u5206\u7acb\u6216\u53f8\u6cd5\u72ec\u7acb\u4e4b\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6709\u63d0\u5021\u4e4b\u5fc5\u8981”\u3002”\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5f15\u81ea\u4e8e\u5cb3\u5e86\u5e73 \u300a\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u9053\u8def\u601d\u60f3\u300b\uff09<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

 5<\/span>\uff0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u975e\u54f2\u5b66\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e43\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6559\u6761\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4e8e\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u8fa8\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u9a73\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a“\u9a6c\u6c0f\u6069\u6c0f\u5217\u6c0f\u54f2\u5b66\u5728\u4fc4\u3001\u4e2d\u4e24\u56fd\uff0c\u4eca\u5df2\u8fbe\u4e8e\u81f3\u5c0a\u65e0\u4e0a\u4e4b\u5730\u4f4d\u77e3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4e4b\u5b66\u8bf4\u5f02\u662f\uff0c\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\uff0c\u5730\u4e3b\u4e0e\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u4e4b\u7f6a\u6076\u4e5f\uff0c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5ba0\u513f\u4e5f\uff0c\u65e0\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e5f\uff0c\u4e3a\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9020\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u4e4b\u67f1\u77f3\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53ef\u79fb\u6613\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u5b9e\u5219\u9a6c\u6c0f\u53d7\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u4e0e\u8036\u6559\u4e4b\u5f71\u54cd\u81f3\u6df1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6784\u6210\u5176\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u81ea\u6709\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u6545\u5176\u81ea\u4fe1\u751a\u6df1\uff0c\u5f3a\u4eba\u4ece\u5df1\u4e4b\u5ff5\u81f3\u5f3a\uff0c\u4fe8\u5982\u6559\u4e3b\u4e4b\u6240\u4e3a\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u82f1\u54f2\u7f57\u7d20\u6c0f\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u4e2d\u8bba\u4e9a\u683c\u65af\u4e01\u4e00\u7ae0\u8036\u6559\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\u4e4b\u5404\u7aef\u4e92\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5bf9\u5076\u4e4b\u5de7\uff0c\u65e0\u6709\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6b64\u8005\u3002\u5179\u4e3e\u4e4b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>

\u8036\u548c\u534e        ——\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/p>

\u5f25\u897f\u4e9a\uff08\u6551\u4e3b\uff09——\u9a6c\u514b\u601d<\/span><\/p>

\u5ba0\u513f        ——\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7<\/span><\/p>

\u6559\u4f1a        ——\u5171\u4ea7\u515a<\/span><\/p>

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6765    ——\u9769\u547d<\/span><\/p>

\u5730\u72f1        ——\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5211\u7f5a<\/span><\/p>

\u5e78\u798f\u4e07\u5e74    ——\u5171\u4ea7\u5927\u540c\u4e16\u754c\uff08\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\uff09<\/span><\/p>

\u8bfb\u6b64\u4e00\u8868\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u975e\u54f2\u5b66\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e43\u6559\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u60ac\u4e4b\u4ee5\u62db\u6765\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u6392\u65a5\u5f02\u5df1\u3002\u8036\u6559\u81ea\u79f0\u5176\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6709\u5ac9\u5992\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u8bb8\u5176\u7688\u4f9d\u4e8e\u6211\u4e00\u795e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4ed6\u795e\uff0c\u53e4\u4eca\u5bcc\u4e8e\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u4e4b\u8a00\uff0c\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u800c\u9a6c\u6c0f\u5176\u7ee7\u8d77\u8005\u4e5f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

“\u7136\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6043\u5176\u5ba3\u4f20\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ee5\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u786e\u6709\u8fc7\u4eba\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5176\u5373\u5f97\u653f\u67c4\uff0c\u5219\u9ad8\u8e1e\u4eba\u6c11\u80cc\u4e0a\uff0c\u628a\u6301\u4e00\u5207\u515a\u3001\u653f\u3001\u519b\u3001\u6587\u5316\u5927\u6743\u3002\u540d\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u7136\u64cd\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u8005\u72ec\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u666e\u904d\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u5b9e\u5219\u53ea\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6709\u63a8\u9009\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u6743\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u6709\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5176\u7a0d\u6301\u5f02\u89c1\u8005\u6216\u7981\u6b62\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u6216\u514d\u804c\uff0c\u6216\u516c\u5f00\u8ba4\u9519\u3002” <\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

6<\/span>\uff0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u4e94\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u89c2\uff0c\u4e43\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u6d3e\u4e4b\u5c24\u8005\u77e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

“\u6b64\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4e4b\u552f\u7269\u53f2\u89c2\u4e4b\u7406\u8bba\u5c3d\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u81f3\u4e0a\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u6216\u66f0\u610f\u8bc6\u7531\u4e4b\u5bfc\uff0c\u5f15\u800c\u51fa\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u7531\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3a\u4e4b\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u6240\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u537d\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u5de5\u4eba\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u537d\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u5177\u5e38\u5728\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u4ea6\u968f\u4e4b\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u53d8\u540e\uff0c\u4e0e\u539f\u6709\u4e4b\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u56e0\u4e4b\u793e\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u8d77\u3002\u7b2c\u4e94\u3001\u65b0\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b55\u80b2\u4e8e\u65e7\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u80ce\u4e2d\u3002\u7b2c\u516d\u3001\u56e0\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e4b\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u4e43\u751f\u4e94\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\uff08\u7532\uff09\u539f\u59cb\u516c\u793e\uff08\u77f3\u5668\u5f13\u7bad\u65f6\u671f\uff09\uff1b\uff08\u4e59\uff09\u5974\u96b6\u5236\uff08\u91d1\u5c5e\u5de5\u5177\uff09\uff1b\uff08\u4e19\uff09\u5c01\u5efa\u5236\uff08\u624b\u6447\u7eba\u7ec7\u673a\uff09\uff1b\uff08\u4e01\uff09\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u84b8\u6c7d\u673a\uff09\uff1b\uff08\u620a\uff09\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4e4b\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\uff09\u3002\u902e\u4e4e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4eba\u6027\u5927\u53d8\uff0c\u654c\u5bf9\u4e4b\u793e\u4f1a\u6c38\u4e0d\u8907\u73b0\u3002\u543e\u4e0d\u77e5\u6b64\u7b2c\u4e94\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u5c1a\u672a\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u9a6c\u6c0f\u51ed\u4f55\u79cd\u5ba2\u89c2\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u4f5c\u6b64\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u6b64\u771f\u53ef\u8c13\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u6d3e\u4e4b\u5c24\u8005\u77e3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

7.<\/span>\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u4e3a\u5bb3\u793e\u4f1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u66f4\u6709\u4e09\u7aef\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u867d\u4e3a\u9a6c\u6c0f\u7b49\u54f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u6240\u853d\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\u5df2\u7109\u3002\u5176\u4e3a\u5bb3\u793e\u4f1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u66f4\u6709\u4e09\u7aef\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u66f0\u6b66\u65ad\u7684\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u66f0\u66b4\u8650\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u66f0\u72c2\u5984\u7684\u6478\u7d22\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

“\u545c\u547c\uff01\u5373\u540d\u66f0\u54f2\u5b66\u66f0\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5fc5\u5176\u4e2d\u771f\u6709\u6761\u7406\uff0c\u8bf4\u51fa\u4e8b\u4e4b\u6240\u7531\u6765\u4e0e\u7406\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7136\uff0c\u5408\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u3002\u5018\u5b64\u884c\u5df1\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b66\u65ad\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u82e5\u5e72\u6761\u800c\u662d\u544a\u5929\u4e0b\uff1a“\u81ea\u7136\u754c\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u601d\u60f3\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u603b\u539f\u5219\u5728\u662f\u77e3\u3002”\u5373\u4e0d\u8bb8\u65c1\u4eba\u8fa9\u96be\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u53c8\u4e0d\u80fd\u8a00\u4e4b\u6210\u7406\uff0c\u4e43\u66f0\u987a\u4e4b\u8005\u751f\uff0c\u9006\u4e4b\u8005\u6b7b\u3002\u6b64\u5219\u4e0e\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u51ed\u4e00\u90e8\u53ef\u5170\u7ecf\u4e00\u628a\u5200\u4ee5\u63a8\u884c\u56de\u6559\u8005\u6b63\u5148\u540e\u4e00\u8f99\u77e3\u3002\u6b64\u5219\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5211\u4e66\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u540c\u7c7b\u800c\u5e76\u89c2\u4e5f\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

“\u81ea\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u76ee\u51fb\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u6c0f\u4ee5\u5176\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e3a\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u738b\u5ba4\u4e0e\u8036\u6559\u5f20\u76ee\uff0c\u4e43\u79fb\u5176\u4ec7\u89c6\u9ed1\u6c0f\u4e4b\u5fc3\u7406\u53ca\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u7136\u8003\u4e4b\u8fd1\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\uff0c\u672c\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ca\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6559\u4f1a\u53ca\u4e8e\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u6297\u4e89\u8005\uff0c\u5927\u62b5\u51fa\u4e8e\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u826f\u4ee5\u5176\u5c0a\u5fc3\u7075\u4e4b\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u826f\u5fc3\u4e4b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u8d74\u6c64\u8e48\u706b\u4e4b\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u8f83\u5e38\u4eba\u5c24\u4e3a\u52c7\u51b3\u3002\u6545\u8c13\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e2d\u4e89\u5b97\u6559\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\u8005\u51fa\u4e8e\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u6d3e\u65e0\u4e0d\u53ef\u7109\u3002\u5217\u6c0f\u79f0\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u53cd\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u5f00\u773c\u8bf4\u778e\u8bdd\u77e3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

8<\/span>\uff0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\u63d0\u51fa\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4e8e\u5176\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u8fa8\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u9a73\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u4ed6\u7559\u5b66\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff0c“\u543e\u81ea\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e00\u4e09\u8fc4\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e09\u4e8c\u5e74\u6e38\u5fb7\u4e09\u6b21\uff0c\u9664\u6cbb\u5eb7\u5fb7\u4e0e\u502d\u4f0a\u94ff\u54f2\u5b66\u5916\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u540e\u5e38\u4e0e\u9a6c\u6c0f\u6069\u6c0f\u4e4b\u540c\u5fd7\u5982\u54e5\u5b73\u57fa\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa──\u7b14\u8005\uff09\u5f80\u8fd8\u3002\u4e8c\u6c0f\u540c\u4fe1\u5949\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u672a\u95fb\u5176\u8981\u6c42\u515a\u5458\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u5f52\u4e8e“\u4e00\u9f50”“\u4e00\u8f68”\u5982\u82cf\u4fc4\u6240\u4e3a\u8005\u3002\u54e5\u5b73\u57fa\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\u53f7\u4e3a\u6b63\u5b97\u6d3e\uff0c\u5176\u8bae\u8bba\u4e0e\u9a6c\u6c0f\u6709\u51fa\u5165\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u67cf\u6069\u65af\u5766\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u4f2f\u6069\u65af\u5766\uff09\u6301\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u66f4\u65e0\u8bba\u77e3\u3002\u6b64\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6c42\u5b66\u672f\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u690d\u6839\u6df1\u56fa\u3002\u53cd\u662f\u8005\u4ee5\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5211\u7f5a\u968f\u4e4b\uff0c\u5b89\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f52\u4e8e\u5b54\u5b50\u6240\u8c13“\u9053\u4e4b\u4ee5\u653f\uff0c\u9f50\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5211\uff0c\u6c11\u52c9\u800c\u65e0\u803b”\u8005\u6b24\u3002\u4f55\u4e5f\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u4eba\u683c\u5373\u4e27\u5931\uff0c\u9644\u548c\u96f7\u540c\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u968f\u73ed\u9010\u961f\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5b89\u6709\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u8a00\u54c9\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

\u82cf\u4fc4\u9769\u547d\u521d\u6210\u4e4b\u65e5\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u54e5\u5b73\u51e0\u6c0f\uff08Kautzky\uff09\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\u8457\u300a\u65e0\u4ea7\u4e13\u653f\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4e4b\uff0c\u5217\u5b81\u6c0f\u4e88\u4ee5\u53cd\u9a73\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1\u5176\u4e8e\u300a\u65e0\u4ea7\u9769\u547d\u4e0e\u5978\u7ec6\u54e5\u5b73\u51e0\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u5217\u6c0f\u5f15\u8bc1\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8d5e\u6210\u4e13\u653f\u4e4b\u8bed\u4ee5\u653b\u54e5\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\uff0c\u54e5\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\u636e\u9a6c\u6c0f\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e4b\u8bba\u4ee5\u96be\u5217\u6c0f\uff0c\u81ea\u4e24\u4e66\u6587\u5b57\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u5404\u4ee5\u8001\u7956\u5b97\u4e3a\u62a4\u8eab\u7b26\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5404\u6709\u6839\u636e\uff0c\u7136\u897f\u6b27\u5404\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u5bf9\u6c11\u4e3b\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u4e0d\u56e0\u5217\u5b81\u6c0f\u4e00\u65f6\u4e4b\u714a\u8d6b\u800c\u6709\u6240\u52a8\u6447\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u4e5f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u54e5\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\u66f0\uff1a“\u9769\u547d\u7684\u653f\u515a\uff08revolutionary party\uff09\u4e0e\u5236\u9020\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u653f\u515a\u5927\u6709\u533a\u522b\u3002\u9769\u547d\u975e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eba\u529b\u9020\u6210\uff0c\u4e43\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u884c\u66c6\u4e4b\u81ea\u7136\u6548\u679c\u3002\u543e\u4eba\u8bda\u77e5\u543e\u4eba\u4e4b\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u8985\u989d\u9769\u547d\u65e0\u7531\u8fbe\u6210\uff0c\u7136\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u6210\u719f\u4e5f\u975e\u4eba\u529b\u6240\u80fd\u6b62\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\u4e5f\uff0c\u975e\u4eba\u529b\u6240\u80fd\u5f3a\u4e4b\u4f7f\u81f3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6216\u8005\u8be2\u54e5\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\u66f0\uff1a“\u9769\u547d\u987b\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u514d\u4e4b\u52bf\uff0c\u7136\u5176\u5b9e\u884c\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\uff1f\u6ca1\u6536\u79c1\u4ea7\u4e4e\uff1f\u7ed9\u4ee5\u8d54\u507f\u4e4e\uff1f\u5b9a\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u529e\u6cd5\u4e4e\uff1f\u6216\u4ee5\u96f6\u661f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u4e4b\u4e4e\uff1f”\u54e5\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\u7b54\u66f0\uff1a“\u6b64\u4e8b\u5e94\u51b3\u4e4b\u4e8e\u6700\u5e7f\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u6c11\u610f\u4e0e\u4e00\u5207\u4e89\u8bae\u4e4b\u548c\u5e73\u89e3\u51b3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u54e5\u6c0f\uff08\u5373\u8003\u8328\u57fa\uff09\u53c8\u66f0\uff1a“\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u6c42\u8005\uff0c\u4e3a\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u4e4b\u5e78\u798f\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u56fd\u6709\u5f97\u4e4b\u8005\uff0c\u543e\u4eba\u8d5e\u6210\u56fd\u6709\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u56fd\u6709\u653f\u7b56\u4e0d\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u543e\u4eba\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e4b\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u8005\u8d70\u5411\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u77ed\u6700\u7a33\u6700\u4e0d\u8d39\u529b\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u9020\u6210\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u4e4b\u6700\u597d\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e8c\u8005\u4ea4\u7ec7\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u8005\u4e5f\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

‘\u9c8d\u96ea\u7ef4\u51e0\uff08\u5373\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\uff09\u6700\u5e94\u8d1f\u8d23\u8005\uff0c\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5176\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u59cb\u4e4b\u4ee5\u51fa\u7248\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u5e9f\u6b62\uff0c\u7ee7\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5c60\u6740\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3a\u6700\u663e\u8457\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u538c\u6076\u4e4b\u4e8b\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9c8d\u96ea\u7ef4\u51e0\uff08\u5373\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\uff09\u4e4b\u6028\u6068\u7531\u6b64\u800c\u6765\u3002’”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

9<\/span>\uff0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e00\u65e5\u79bb\u4e4b\u57fa\u672c\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u897f\u6b27\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u6df1\u77e5\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e00\u65e5\u79bb\u4e4b\u57fa\u672c\uff0c\u6545\u4ece\u672a\u6709\u4e13\u4ee5\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u4e3a\u4e8b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9075\u884c\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f68\u9053\u8005\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u82f1\u4e4b\u5de5\u515a\u4ea6\u4ee5\u56fd\u6709\u653f\u7b56\u4e3a\u53f7\u53ec\uff0c\u5b81\u53ef\u4e0e\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u66f4\u756a\u6267\u653f\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u5404\u6709\u6216\u56e0\u6216\u9769\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5176\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u5584\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ecd\u4e4b\u800c\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u5176\u4e0d\u5584\u8005\u867d\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u800c\u4ed6\u65e5\u81ea\u6709\u518d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e43\u4e3a\u53ef\u4e45\u53ef\u5927\u4e4b\u4e1a\uff0c\u975e\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u5f3a\u884c\uff0c\u4ea6\u975e\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u5e9f\u6b62\u77e3\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u4ece\u6c11\u610f\u5408\u4eba\u60c5\u8005\u6b64\u4e4b\u8c13\u4e5f\u3002\u653f\u6743\u4e4b\u5f97\u4e27\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u6c11\u610f\u4e3a\u5f52\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u591a\u6570\u5f52\u6211\u4e5f\uff0c\u6211\u7531\u4e4b\u4ee5\u884c\u5176\u9053\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u800c\u4e0d\u5f52\u6211\u4e5f\uff0c\u6211\u4e14\u9f13\u5439\u5176\u6240\u4fe1\u4ee5\u5f85\u5c06\u6765\uff0c\u537d\u6709\u653f\u89c1\u5f02\u540c\uff0c\u4ea6\u542c\u4e4b\u515a\u5458\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u4e4b\u4ece\u8fdd\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u4e4b\u610f\u65e8\uff0c\u4f55\u81f3\u4ee5\u601d\u60f3\u5f02\u540c\u4e3a\u654c\u53cb\u4e4b\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u66f4\u4f55\u81f3\u4ee5\u725b\u6bdb\u8327\u4e1d\u4e4b\u54f2\u5b66\u610f\u89c1\u4e3a\u653f\u7b56\u6210\u8d25\u6240\u7cfb\u4e4b\u5173\u952e\u8005\u54c9\u3002\u5982\u662f\u897f\u6b27\u4e0e\u4fc4\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f02\uff0c\u4ea6\u66f0\u7528\u5fc3\u4e4b\u516c\u79c1\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u60df\u5176\u516c\u4e5f\uff0c\u81ea\u65e0\u515a\u6d3e\u4e4b\u538b\u8feb\uff0c\u8a00\u8bba\u4e4b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u540c\u515a\u4e4b\u76f8\u6b8b\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u5f02\u540c\u4e4b\u4e89\uff0c\u60df\u5176\u79c1\u4e5f\uff0c\u5904\u5904\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e4b\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e3a\u8651\uff0c\u731c\u7591\u4e5f\u9632\u8303\u4e5f\uff0c\u7279\u52a1\u4e5f\u5bc6\u62a5\u4e5f\uff0c\u65e0\u4e00\u5904\u975e\u8346\u68d8\u4e4b\u573a\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u9053\u4e43\u5927\u82e6\u77e3\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

10<\/span>\uff0e\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5bb3\u4eba\u4e16\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u4e03\u6761\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

“\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5bb3\u4eba\u4e16\u8005\uff0c\u5e94\u4e3e\u800c\u51fa\u4e4b\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u4f46\u77e5\u6709\u7269\u4e0d\u77e5\u6709\u5fc3\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u3002”“\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u4f46\u77e5\u6709\u7269\u4e4b\u53d8\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u6709\u7269\u4e4b\u5e38\u6216\u66f0\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002”“\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u4f46\u77e5\u6709\u6597\u4e89\u4e0e\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u6709\u548c\u534f\u4e0e\u76f8\u5bb9\u3002”“\u7b2c\u56db\u3001\u4f46\u77e5\u6709\u9636\u7ea7\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u6709\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002”“\u7b2c\u4e94\u3001\u4f46\u77e5\u6709\u9769\u547d\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u79e9\u5e8f\u7ef4\u6301\u4e4b\u53ef\u5b9d”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u4ed6\u79cd\u7f3a\u70b9\u89c1\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5b9e\u884c\u65b9\u9762\u8005\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u515a\u6d3e\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\uff0c\u7531\u5217\u5b81\u6c0f\u660c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u7978\u89c1\u4e4b\u4e8e\u6258\u6d1b\u65af\u57fa\u6c0f\u5e03\u54c8\u6797\u6c0f\u4e4b\u6848\u4ef6\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u82cf\u8054\u81ea\u9769\u547d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5176\u7acb\u56fd\u4e4b\u5927\u539f\u5219\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u79bb\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0d\u79bb\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u610f\u8c13\u4e00\u4e3a\u884c\u52a8\u4e00\u4e3a\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e8e\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u5bc6\u5982\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e3a\u4fe1\u5949\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u4fe1\u5b88\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u4fe1\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u9075\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u7136\u4e8c\u8005\u80cc\u540e\u66f4\u6709\u4e3a\u4e4b\u6307\u5bfc\u8005\u5b9e\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u60df\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u80fd\u66b8\u7136\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u8d28\u4e4b\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4e4b\u5404\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u79bb\u4e4e\u9636\u7ea7\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u793e\u4f1a\u6709\u9636\u7ea7\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u537d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u515a\u4e8e\u8d35\u65cf\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u515a\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6216\u515a\u4e8e\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u8005\u3002\u6b64\u54f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u515a\u6d3e\u6027\u4e5f”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u54f2\u5b66\u515a\u6d3e\u6027\u4e4b\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u5217\u5b81\u6c0f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6279\u5224\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u4e66\u6d41\u4f20\u8f83\u5e7f\uff0c\u4e16\u4eba\u6bcf\u63a8\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5217\u6c0f\u6240\u9996\u521b\uff0c\u5b9e\u5219\u6b64\u8a00\u65e9\u5df2\u53d1\u81ea\u5fb7\u56fd\u9752\u5e74\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

“\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u5c06\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u884c\u653f\u653f\u7b56\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\uff0c\u4e43\u4ee5\u5b5f\u7279\u5c14\u5b9a\u5f8b\u4e3a\u975e\uff0c\u7c73\u79cb\u6797\uff08\u5373\u7c73\u4e18\u6797\uff09\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u4e4b\u7f62\u514d\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u51e1\u662f\u53d7\u5927\u9646\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u704c\u8fc7\u8111\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u601d\u8003\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u5fc5\u7136\u5728\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6709\u4e2a\u96be\u89e3\u7684\u7591\u60d1\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u54ea\u4e2a\u5bf9\uff1f\u54ea\u4e2a\u9519\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bb2\u4e86\uff0c\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5148\u6709\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u540e\u6709\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u800c\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5148\u6709\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u540e\u6709\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u6216\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5148\u6709\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u540e\u6709\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u6211\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u521d\u5230\u5fb7\u56fd\u65f6\u4e5f\u65f6\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u7591\u60d1\u3002\u6b27\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bb8\u591a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53c8\u90fd\u4fe1\u5949\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fde\u5148\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u540e\u6709\u5b87\u5b99\u8fd8\u662f\u5148\u6709\u5b87\u5b99\u540e\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fd9\u6837\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u641e\u901a\u5417\uff1f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u4e86\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7684\u4e66\u540e\u624d\u7b97\u5f7b\u5e95\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7269\u8d28\u7cbe\u795e\u5148\u540e\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u6210\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u542c\u5230\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u9a6c\u4e0a\u60f3\u5230\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u662f\u53cd\u52a8\u3002\u8bf7\u770b\u770b\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u5427\u3002<\/span><\/p>

    <\/span><\/p>

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        <\/span><\/p>

\u56db\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u8bed<\/span><\/strong><\/p>

   <\/span><\/p>

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    <\/span><\/p>

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        <\/span><\/p>

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     <\/span><\/p>

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     <\/span><\/p>

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     <\/span><\/p>

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     <\/span><\/p>

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     <\/span><\/p>

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   <\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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