{"id":72332,"date":"2017-04-05T13:02:00","date_gmt":"2017-04-05T13:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=72332 "},"modified":"2017-04-05T13:02:00","modified_gmt":"2017-04-05T13:02:00","slug":"72332-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=72332","title":{"rendered":"\u5eb7\u6b63\u679c\uff1a\u5171\u60c5\u4e0e\u5171\u6076"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ece\u5171\u60c5\u80fd\u529b\u8bf4\u8d77<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/p>

      \u6700\u8fd1\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u6709\u5173\u5fc3\u7406\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u8bba\u8457\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u53eb\u300a\u5bf9\u6076\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76——\u5171\u60c5\u80fd<\/span>\u529b\u548c\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/span>\u300b\uff08<\/span>The Science of Evil<\/span><\/em>\uff1a<\/span>on Empathy and Origins of Cruelty<\/span><\/em>, Basic Books, 2011<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\uff08<\/span>Simon Baron-Cohn<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u72b9\u592a\u88d4\u5fc3\u7406\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u636e\u4ed6\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u81ea\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e7c\u65f6\u5e38\u542c\u5230\u7eb3\u7cb9\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u5e78\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u957f\u8f88\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u66b4\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7279\u522b\u8ba9\u4ed6\u6df1\u53d7\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u7eb3\u7cb9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u62ff\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u6d3b\u4f53\u505a\u533b\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u5982\u6b64\u6b8b\u5bb3\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u8ba9\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u4e00\u76f4\u56f0\u60d1\u4e0d\u89e3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u4ece\u4e8b\u5fc3\u7406\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4fbf\u7740\u624b\u6536\u96c6\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u95ee\u5377\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e25\u5bc6\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u68c0\u6d4b\u6765\u7a77\u7a76\u6b64\u5c1a\u65e0\u786e\u5207\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u628a\u6b8b\u5bb3\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4ec5\u7b3c\u7edf\u5730\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u62bd\u8c61\u7684“\u6076”\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u89e3\u91ca\u4eba\u6027\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u751f\u7406—\u5fc3\u7406\u6839\u6e90\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u4e66\u5377\u9996\u81f4\u8bcd\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5373\u660e\u786e\u5ba3\u5e03\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684“\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7528<\/span>empathy<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u79d1\u5b66\u7528\u8bed\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u975e\u79d1\u5b66\u7528\u8bed‘\u6076’\u5b57\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6b8b\u5fcd\u4f5c\u51fa\u660e\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u3002”\uff08<\/span>p. x<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\uff0c<\/span>empathy<\/span>\u662f“\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u540c\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6240\u601d\u6240\u611f\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u4eba\u4e4b\u601d\u60f3\u60c5\u611f\u505a\u51fa\u9002\u5f53\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002”\uff08<\/span>p.18<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u4ed6\u63a5\u7740\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u663e\u793a\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u80fd\u7075\u654f\u5730\u611f\u77e5\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4e3e\u6b62\u8868\u60c5\u53ca\u5904\u5883\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u80fd\u7075\u52a8\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u6070\u5982\u5176\u5206\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u6b64\u901a\u60c5\u8fbe\u7406\u4e4b\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u4efb\u4e00\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5168\u8005\u591a\u5c11\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u7684\u826f\u80fd\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u754c\u73b0\u5c06\u8be5\u8bcd\u901a\u8bd1\u4e3a“\u5171\u60c5”\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      “\u5171\u60c5”\u4e00\u8bcd\u7eaf\u5c5e\u786c\u8bd1\u751f\u9020\uff0c\u8981\u8ba9\u5b83\u63a5\u901a\u4e2d\u6587\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u6c14\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u7eb3\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684“\u7075\u6027”\u6240\u6db5\u8574\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6b64\u7075\u6027\u5728\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a<\/span>\u7684\u663e\u793a<\/span>\u5148\u4e8e\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u77e5\u6027\uff0c\u5f53\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u5a74\u513f\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee5\u7b11\u5bb9\u535a\u53d6\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u7231\u601c\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u7a1a\u5ae9\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5df2\u81ea\u53d1\u5730\u840c\u751f\u51fa\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7075\u6027\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u8fde\u733f\u7334\u4e4b\u7c7b\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u5206\u4eab\u98df\u7269\u548c\u4e92\u52a9\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u90fd\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u67d0\u79cd\u7075\u6027\u7684\u5f81\u5146\u3002\u5728\u4f5b\u5bb6\u7684\u8bed\u6c47\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0e\u52a8\u7269\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a“\u751f\u7075”\uff0c\u5373\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u4e8c\u8005\u5747\u5c5e\u6709\u7075\u6027\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002\u5b5f\u5b50\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684“\u4e0d\u5fcd\u4eba\u4e4b\u5fc3”\u6216“\u6035\u60d5\u607b\u9690\u4e4b\u5fc3”\uff0c\u4fbf\u751f\u52a8\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6b64\u4e00\u7075\u52a8\u7684\u611f\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u5e38\u4eba\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      \u4e0e\u897f\u6587\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7528\u8bed\u5728\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u5185\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u65f6\uff0c\u8f83\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u62bd\u8c61\u5b57\u773c\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6b64\u5185\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u6240\u751f\u53d1\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u592a\u4e60\u60ef\u8bf4\u67d0\u4eba\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6216\u5177\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e60\u60ef\u8bf4\u5176\u4eba\u5584\u4e8e\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6216\u559c\u6b22\u600e\u6837\u505a\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u4e2d\u56fa\u7136\u6ca1\u6709<\/span>empathy<\/span>\u7684\u5bf9\u7b49\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u8981\u8c08\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5177\u6709<\/span>empathy<\/span>\u60c5\u6000\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u7528“\u5584\u89e3\u4eba\u610f”\u3001“\u901a\u60c5\u8fbe\u7406”\u3001“\u8bbe\u8eab\u5904\u5730”\u3001“\u5c06\u5fc3\u6bd4\u5fc3”\u7b49\u63cf\u8ff0\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6210\u8bed\u6765\u8d5e\u8d4f\u4ed6<\/span>\/\u5979\u5728\u5f85\u4eba\u63a5\u7269\u4e0a\u53ef\u5609\u7684\u611f\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u50cf“\u5df1\u6b32\u7acb\u800c\u7acb\u4eba”\/“\u5df1\u6240\u4e0d\u6b32\uff0c\u52ff\u65bd\u4e8e\u4eba”\/“\u4ed6\u4eba\u6709\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e88\u5fd6\u5ea6\u4e4b”\u7b49\u6559\u8bf2\u6027\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u5747\u610f\u5728\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u514b\u670d\u81ea\u6211\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u529b\u6c42\u4ece\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u6765\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span>\u8fd9<\/span>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u63f4\u5f15\u72b9\u592a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u9a6c\u4e01·\u5e03\u4f2f\uff08<\/span>Martin Buber<\/span>\uff09\u6240\u8bf4\u7684“\u6211\u4e0e\u4f60”\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u628a\u5bf9\u65b9\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u5ba2\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u6211\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e92\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5171\u60c5\u80fd\u529b\u5e94\u662f\u4e00\u79cd“\u64cd\u5219\u5b58\uff0c\u820d\u5219\u4ea1”\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u540c\u611f\u6548\u679c\u867d\u8bf4\u6765\u81ea“\u786c\u4ef6”\u77e5\u89c9\u673a\u5236\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u5e94\u529b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u503e\u542c\u5bf9\u65b9\u8868\u8fbe\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u4ed6\u4eba\u89c1\u89e3\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u52a0\u5f3a\u5fc3\u7406\u4fdd\u5065\u4e0a\u7684\u4fee\u517b\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u4f55\u8c13\u7075\u6027\u6b8b\u7f3a<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>

 <\/strong><\/p>

      \u5c31\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u7684\u601d\u8def\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528“\u6076”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u773c\u6765\u754c\u5b9a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6b8b\u5fcd\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5faa\u73af\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u5176\u7b80\u5355\u5316\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u8f6c\u6362\u6027\u5224\u65ad\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u8bf4\u660e\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u6210\u7acb\u8bfe\u9898\u5c0f\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u7740\u624b\u5bf9“\u6076”\u7684\u751f\u7406-\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u53d1\u751f\u73b0\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u79d1\u5b66\u52d8\u63a2\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u75c5\u7406\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u8bca\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u6210\u50cf\u6280\u672f\uff08<\/span>fMRI<\/span>\uff09\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d7\u6d4b\u8005\u5927\u8111\u4e2d“\u5171\u60c5\u56de\u8def”\uff08<\/span>empathy circuit<\/span>\uff09\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e4b\u6216\u5f3a\u6216\u5f31\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7f16\u6392\u51fa\u9ad8\u4f4e\u4e0d\u7b49\u7684“\u7075\u5546”\uff08<\/span>the Empathy Quotient <\/span>\uff09\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u4ed6\u62ff\u8c03\u5149\u5f00\u5173\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u505a\u6bd4\u65b9\uff0c\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u5171\u60c5\u80fd\u529b\u5149\u8c31\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7b49\u5dee\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6b64\u7b49\u5dee\u5217\u4e3a\u4e03\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u4e27\u5931\u5171\u60c5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u5c5e\u4e8e\u96f6\u5ea6\u7075\u5546\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4eba\u683c\u969c\u788d\u75c7\u72b6\u591a\u5c11\u53ef\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u8111\u7684“\u5171\u60c5\u56de\u8def”\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u53d1\u751f\u75c5\u53d8\u7684\u90e8\u4f4d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0d\u8fd1\u4eba\u60c5\u7684\u4e56\u623e\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5171\u60c5\u56de\u8def\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u4fb5\u8680\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u5171\u60c5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u79f0\u6b64\u53d7\u635f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a<\/span>empathy erosion<\/span>\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u7528\u6211\u5728\u51e0\u7bc7\u65e7\u6587\u4e2d\u66fe\u4f7f\u7528\u7684“\u7075\u6027\u6b8b\u7f3a”\u7ffb\u8bd1<\/span>empathy erosion<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u518d\u5408\u9002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7075\u6027\u6b8b\u7f3a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6028\u6124\u3001\u5fcc\u6068\u548c\u62a5\u590d\u5fc3\u7b49\u4e0d\u826f\u60c5\u7eea\u65e5\u79ef\u6708\u7d2f\uff0c\u5728\u5fc3\u4e2d\u53d1\u9175\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u5171\u60c5\u80fd\u529b\u906d\u5230\u8150\u8680\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u96f6\u5ea6\u7075\u5546\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4e56\u52a3\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u96be\u4ee5\u8ffd\u7a76\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4f46\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u4e66\u4e2d\u6240\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u8bf8\u75c7\u72b6\u5df2\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u5177\u5907\u505a\u51fa\u79cd\u79cd\u53cd\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u751f\u7406<\/span>-\u5fc3\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      \u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7bc7\u5e45\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u96f6\u5ea6\u7075\u5546\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u75c5\u4f8b\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u56e0\u4e0e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8981\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u4ec5\u9700\u7b80\u8ff0\u5230\u6b64\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u5e76\u65e0\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u60a3\u7684\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4f55\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u65e5\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u884c\u51f6\u505a\u6076\u65f6\u7684\u5171\u60c5\u56de\u8def\u5904\u4e8e\u4f55\u7b49\u72b6\u51b5\uff1f\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u79cd\u79cd\u6e90\u4e8e\u7075\u6027\u6b8b\u7f3a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u6027\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u987b\u5728\u4f55\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u627f\u62c5\u9053\u5fb7\u6216\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u7684\u7f6a\u8d23\uff1f<\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/p>

      \u963f\u4f26\u7279\u6709\u5173“\u5e73\u5eb8\u6076”\uff08<\/span>banality of evil<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u4f20\u64ad\u751a\u5e7f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5305\u62ec\u7b14\u8005\u5728\u5185\u7684\u75c5\u7406\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u95e8\u5916\u6c49\u8bfb\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u6b64\u4e66\u66f4\u5bcc\u6709\u542f\u53d1\u7684\u4eae\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7279\u522b\u62ff\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u5728\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u4e3a\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u4e0e\u4eba\u827e\u5e0c\u66fc\u4f5c\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u505a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u8c13“\u5e73\u5eb8\u6076”\u7684\u8bf4\u8f9e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2d\u80af\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      \u5e73\u5eb8\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u52a8\u8111\u5b50\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d1\u8868\u4e3b\u89c1\uff0c\u597d\u968f\u5927\u6d41\uff0c\u4eba\u4e91\u4ea6\u4e91\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u9762\u5bf9\u5bb0\u76f8\u6307\u9e7f\u4e3a\u9a6c\u7684\u8352\u8c2c\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u5e73\u5eb8\u8005\u4e5f\u60ef\u4e8e\u968f\u58f0\u9644\u548c\uff0c\u4ece\u65e0\u5f02\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u65a5\u66b4\u653f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u4e8e\u5e73\u5eb8\u7684\u7fa4\u6c13\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u8bb2\u539f\u5219\u5730\u7518\u5f53\u987a\u6c11\uff0c\u5815\u5165\u4e86\u6076\u9053\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8c0b\u6c42\u7684\u662f“\u6211\u5e73\u5eb8\u6545\u6211\u5728”\u7684\u5e78\u5b58\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u88ab\u4e0a\u7ea7\u6307\u4ee4\u53bb\u6267\u5200\u884c\u51f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5949\u547d\u884c\u4f7f\uff0c\u5bf9\u65e0\u8f9c\u8005\u7167\u6740\u4e0d\u8bef\u3002\u5343\u767e\u4e07\u53c2\u4e0e\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u6240\u72af\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u5373\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u5e73\u5eb8\u4e4b\u6076\u3002\u63d0\u8d77\u6b8b\u5bb3\u72b9\u592a\u65cf\u7fa4\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6d89\u4e8b\u8005\u591a\u91c7\u53d6\u81ea\u6211\u5e73\u5eb8\u5316\u7684\u8bf4\u8f9e\uff1a\u6293\u4eba\u8005\u8bf4\u4ed6\u5949\u547d\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u62bc\u9001\u8005\u8bf4\u4ed6\u5c65\u884c\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u6bd2\u6c14\u5ba4\u548c\u711a\u5c38\u7089\u8005\u8bf4\u4ed6\u88ab\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u5e72\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u4e8b……\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6076\u884c\u90fd\u5f88\u5e73\u5eb8\uff0c\u82e5\u6309\u7167“\u5e73\u5eb8\u6076”\u7684\u8bf4\u8f9e\u6765\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7167\u7ae0\u884c\u4e8b\u7684\u5e73\u5eb8\u8005\u8feb\u5bb3\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0d\u8d23\u4f17\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u4e25\u6b63\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8c01\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u8ba4\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u6240\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u8282\u4e32\u8fde\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u8fd9\u4e00\u79cd\u65cf\u706d\u7edd\u7f6a\u884c\u7684\u94fe\u6761\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u53c2\u4e0e\u5236\u5b9a“\u7ec8\u7ed3\u65b9\u6848”\uff08<\/span>final solution<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u7684\u827e\u5e0c\u66fc\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6d89\u4e8b\u8005\u90fd\u96be\u8f9e\u5176\u5171\u72af\u4e4b\u548e\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u50cf\u827e\u5e0c\u66fc\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u4e0e\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u660e\u663e\u662f\u6000\u7740\u4e0e\u90a3\u4e9b\u7eb3\u7cb9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u628a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5f53\u4eba\u770b\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u4ed6\u5728\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u600e\u80fd\u4ee5“\u5e73\u5eb8\u6076”\u4e3a\u8bf4\u8f9e\uff0c\u8f7b\u9976\u5176\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f6a\u8d23\uff01\u827e\u5e0c\u66fc\u4e4b\u6d41\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u975e\u6ca1\u6709\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6ee1\u8111\u5b50\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u300a\u6211\u7684\u594b\u6597\u300b\u6240\u5ba3\u626c\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6d89\u4e8b\u8005\u6267\u884c\u5176\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u96f6\u5ea6\u7075\u5546\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6076\u4eba<\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8d77\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6709\u4eba\u683c\u969c\u788d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u7c7b\u96f6\u5ea6\u7075\u5546\u60a3\u8005\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u53c8\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u767d\u5929\u5728\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u5e72\u6740\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u665a\u4e0a\u56de\u5bb6\u7167\u5e38\u4f1a\u7231\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u4eb2\u543b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5171\u60c5\u56de\u8def\u5e76\u975e\u50cf\u96f6\u5ea6\u7075\u5546\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u90a3\u6837\u5df2\u4fb5\u8680\u5230\u4e0d\u80fd\u590d\u539f\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u79cd\u65cf\u706d\u7edd\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u50cf\u5173\u6389\u7535\u706f\u5f00\u5173\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u6682\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5171\u60c5<\/span>\u56de\u8def\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5949\u884c\u5143\u9996\u7684\u65e8\u610f\uff0c\u79c9\u6301\u7eb3\u7cb9\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u4e00\u4efb\u5e38\u4eba\u6240\u56fa\u6709\u7684“\u4e0d\u5fcd\u4eba\u4e4b\u5fc3”\u9ebb\u6728\u4e0d\u4ec1\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6b8b\u5fcd\u65bd\u66b4\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u672c\u804c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6548\u5fe0\u5143\u9996\uff0c\u5f70\u663e\u5176\u79cd\u65cf\u4f18\u8d8a\u611f\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>

            <\/span>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u7684<\/span>\u5171\u60c5<\/span>\u56de\u8def\u4e00\u65e6\u53d7\u5230\u5916\u5728\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u5e94\u53d1\u6325\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u529f\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u67d0\u79cd\u6076\u5ff5\u7684\u6291\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4f5c\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e73\u65f6\u672a\u5fc5\u4f1a\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5404\u4eba\u7684\u7075\u5546\u4e4b\u9ad8\u4f4e\u53c2\u5dee\u4e0d\u9f50\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u9664\u53d7\u5176\u5929\u751f\u6c14\u8d28\u7684\u652f\u914d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u8fd8\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u540e\u5929\u7684\u4e60\u5f97\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u67d0\u65f6\u67d0\u5730\u6240\u5904\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5883\u51b5\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5df4\u4f26—\u5e93\u6069\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u7279\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u5e45\u56fe\u8868\uff0c\u7f57\u5217\u51fa\u5341\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5f71\u54cd<\/span>\u5171\u60c5<\/span>\u56de\u8def\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u73b0\u62f7\u8d1d\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

 <\/p>

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<\/p>

 <\/p>

           <\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/p>

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 <\/strong><\/p>

            \u76d8\u67e5\u5171\u6076\uff0c\u5e94\u4ece\u9996\u6076\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u6076\u4eba\u54f2\u5b66\u8c08\u8d77\u3002<\/span>\u68c0\u8ba8\u6bdb\u7684\u65e9\u5e74\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u503e\u5411\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u56e0\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u8fc7\u8270\u8f9b\u7684\u8015\u8bfb\u751f\u6d3b\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u7236\u4eb2\u7c97\u66b4\u538b\u5236\uff0c\u4e0e\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u4ed6\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u4f5c\u4e71\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u56e0\u5165\u8bfb\u65b0\u5f0f\u5b66\u5802\u8f83\u665a\u800c\u8d76\u4e0d\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8fdb\u5ea6\uff0c\u9042\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u6295\u5165\u6821\u5916\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6bdb\u90a3\u65f6\u8bfb\u4e86\u6ce1\u5c14\u751f\u7684\u300a\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u4e66\u5185\u7a7a\u767d\u5904\u5199\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e07\u591a\u5b57\u6279\u8bed\u3002\u7ec6\u8bfb\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e9b\u6279\u8bed\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7279\u522b\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bba\u8c03\u5373\u5f3a\u8c03\u6076\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u6ce1\u5c14\u751f\u7684\u5584\u6076\u5bf9\u7acb\u89c2\uff0c\u5374\u522b\u6709\u504f\u89e3\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a“\u6076\u4e5f\u8005\uff0c\u5584\u4e4b\u6b21\u7b49\u8005\u4e5f\u3002\u60df\u5176\u4e3a\u6b21\u7b49\uff0c\u6545\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u5584\u5e76\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u4e4b\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u8c13\u65e0\u4ef7\u503c\u3002……\u543e\u91cd\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u4e3a\u5584\u4e3a\u6076\u4e4b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bba\u4e3a\u5584\u8005\u5584\uff0c\u4e3a\u6076\u8005\u6076<\/strong>\u3002”\u6bdb\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4ee5\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bba\u5584\u6076\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u62e9\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u8be1\u8fa9\u8868\u8ff0\u3002\u8521\u548c\u68ee\u540e\u6765\u8bf4\u5f97\u6bd4\u6bdb\u66f4\u52a0\u9732\u9aa8\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u4fe1\u9f13\u52a8\u6bdb\u8bf4<\/span>:“\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u6076\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u6765\u80fd\u5f97\u5341\u5584\u4e4b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f55\u6240\u987e\u6064\u800c\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4e4b\uff01”\u8521\u9080\u6bdb\u5171\u540c\u53bb\u5927\u5e72\u4e00\u573a\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a“\u6076”\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6295\u5954\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u641e\u6b66\u88c5\u593a\u6743\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      <\/span>\u6bdb\u540e\u6765\u66f4\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8868\u767d\uff0c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u5efa\u7acb\u7ea2\u8272\u5272\u636e\u653f\u6743\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u9a6c\u5217\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u53ea\u53d6“\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89”\u56db\u4e2a\u5927\u5b57\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u52a8\u7fa4\u4f17\uff0c\u6253\u571f\u8c6a\uff0c\u5206\u7530\u5730\uff0c\u628a\u8d2b\u5bcc\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u63a8\u5411\u6781\u7aef\u3002\u6253\u571f\u8c6a\u65e8\u5728\u62a2\u52ab\u5bcc\u88d5\u519c\u6237\u7684\u94b1\u7cae\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f9d\u9760\u8d2b\u96c7\u519c\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ece\u5206\u5f97\u7530\u5730\u7684\u519c\u6237\u7fa4\u4e2d\u5f81\u6536\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u519b\u7cae\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u589e\u8865\u58ee\u5927\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u5175\u5458\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u66b4\u884c\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5373\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u63a0\u593a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u65e2\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u641c\u522e\uff0c\u53c8\u5728\u4eba\u547d\u4e0a\u8c6a\u593a\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      <\/span>\u56de\u987e\u4e2d\u56fd\u51e0\u5343\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u6cbb\u4e71\u5174\u5e9f\uff0c\u4ee5\u66b4\u6613\u66b4\u7684\u6539\u671d\u6362\u4ee3\u4e0d\u7ba1\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u591a\u5c11\u4e89\u6743\u593a\u5229\u7684\u6b8b\u6740\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u672a\u628a\u5265\u593a\u79c1\u6709\u8d22\u4ea7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u66b4\u529b\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u66f4\u6ca1\u628a\u8d2b\u56f0\u519c\u6237\u4e0e\u5bcc\u88d5\u519c\u6237\u5217\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7684\u5e1d\u5236\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5168\u4f53\u519c\u6237\u65e0\u8bba\u8d2b\u5bcc\uff0c\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5b88\u671b\u76f8\u52a9\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b98\u5e9c\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u76d8\u5265\u548c\u532a\u76d7\u7684\u52ab\u63a0\u624d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5168\u4f53\u519c\u6237\u534f\u529b\u5bf9\u4ed8\u7684\u7978\u5bb3\u3002\u4e2d\u5171\u4e3a\u6b66\u88c5\u593a\u6743\u800c\u63a8\u884c\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u4e0d\u53ea\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u8d2b\u5bcc\u5171\u751f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6fc0\u5316\u4e86\u8d2b\u8d31\u8005\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u4ec7\u5bcc\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u8d25\u574f\u4e16\u9053\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u6076\u529b\u81f3\u571f\u6539\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fbe\u5230\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5730\u6b65\u3002<\/span><\/p>

      <\/span>\u81f3\u4e8e<\/span>\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u53cd\u72b9\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u672c\u6709\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u4fc4\u56fd\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u65e9\u5148\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u6392\u6324\u548c\u8feb\u5bb3\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u52a8\u4e71\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6563\u5c45\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u56fd\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec“\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u6c11\u65cf”\uff0c\u88ab\u5f3a\u52a0\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u4e0a\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5f62\u8c61\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u5df2\u7d2f\u79ef\u6570\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002\u4f46\u5bcc\u88d5\u519c\u6237\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a“\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba”\u800c\u5212\u5f52“\u5730\u4e3b”\u3001“\u5bcc\u519c”\u8fd9\u7c7b\u53ef\u4efb\u610f\u5265\u593a\u5176\u8d22\u4ea7\u548c\u6740\u5bb3\u5176\u6027\u547d\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5374\u53f2\u65e0\u524d\u4f8b\uff0c\u72ec\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5171\u6240\u9996\u521b\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5bcc\u88d5\u519c\u6237\u7684\u5bcc\u88d5\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u52e4\u52b3\u8282\u4fed\uff0c\u9664\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u4e3a\u5bcc\u4e0d\u4ec1\u8005\u79f0\u9738\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u786e\u6709\u52a3\u8ff9\u548c\u6c11\u6124\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5bcc\u88d5\u519c\u6237\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u519c\u6237\u5e76\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\u51a4\u4ec7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e50\u5584\u597d\u65bd\uff0c\u5728\u7ef4\u6301\u4e61\u95f4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e0a\u5e38\u8d77\u5230\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u524d\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e61\u571f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u591a\u5c11\u5929\u707e\u4eba\u7978\uff0c\u6df3\u6734\u7684\u6c11\u98ce\u548c\u4e92\u6d4e\u7684\u6c11\u5fb7\u59cb\u7ec8\u90fd\u662f\u5360\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u8bf4\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u56fa\u6709\u7684\u5171\u60c5\u80fd\u529b\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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            <\/span>\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4ee5\u519b\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u63a8\u884c\u5176\u79cd\u65cf\u706d\u7edd\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002“\u7ec8\u7ed3\u65b9\u6848”\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u515a\u536b\u519b\u4e13\u4e1a\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u5c31\u662f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u5173\u62bc\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5747\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e0d\u9002\u5b9c\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u65cf\u7fa4\u5206\u6279\u5206\u671f\u9001\u4e0a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u4f20\u9001\u5e26\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u4f5c\u9500\u6bc1\u5e9f\u54c1\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u65cf\u706d\u7edd\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u9694\u79bb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u79d8\u5bc6\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u628a\u5e7f\u5927\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u5377\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u51b2\u950b\u961f\u5458\u53ea\u662f\u6309\u7167\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u505a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6740\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7075\u6027\u6b8b\u7f3a\u5904\u4e8e\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u591a\u5c11\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u6240\u8c13“\u5e73\u5eb8\u6076”\u7684\u6210\u5206\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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      <\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u5171\u60c5\u80fd\u529b\u4ece\u5c0f\u5373\u53d7\u5230\u7236\u8f88\u8a00\u884c\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u4fb5\u8680\uff0c\u6ecb\u957f\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u4ed6\u4eba\u6b7b\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u516d\u4eb2\u4e0d\u8ba4\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span>1966\u5e7412\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u4eb2\u773c\u76ee\u7779\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u7684\u5927\u5973\u513f\u5728\u5929\u5b89\u95e8\u5e7f\u573a\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u8f66\u4e0a\u4f5c\u6279\u5224\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u3002\u636e\u738b\u53cb\u7434\u300a\u6587\u9769\u53d7\u96be\u8005\u300b\u6240\u53d9\uff0c\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5165\u8bfb\u5e08\u5927\u5973\u9644\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u5973\u513f\u5728\u8840\u8165\u7684“\u7ea2\u516b\u6708”\u4ee5\u6253\u6b7b\u4eba\u4e3a\u8363\uff0c\u81ea\u5938\u5979\u6253\u6b7b\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u53e6\u636e\u4e00\u77e5\u60c5\u8005\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u8584\u4e00\u6ce2\u88ab“\u6253\u5012”\u540e\uff0c\u8584\u7199\u6765\u5c31\u52a8\u624b\u6253\u8fc7\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9ed1\u5e2e\u7236\u4eb2\u3002\u4ec5\u4e3e\u6b64\u6570\u4f8b\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u89c1\u5728\u6240\u8c13“\u8001\u5b50\u82f1\u96c4\u513f\u597d\u6c49”\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\uff0c\u513f\u5973\u4eec\u5e7c\u5c0f\u7684\u7075\u6027\u53d7\u635f\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e4b\u6df1\u53ca\u5176\u7075\u5546\u7b49\u7ea7\u4e4b\u4f4e\u52a3\u3002“\u5171\u6076”\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4ee3\u4ee3\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u6bd2\u5bb3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u5c0f\u5373\u53d7\u5230\u9636\u7ea7\u4ec7\u6068\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u65e0\u89c6\u751f\u547d\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u91ce\u86ee\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6240\u8c13“\u9020\u53cd”\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u4f2a\u9020\u53cd\uff0c\u7eaf\u5c5e\u901a\u8fc7\u6b8b\u9177\u8feb\u5bb3“\u9ed1\u4e94\u7c7b”\u6765\u901e\u51f6\u7684\u4fdd\u7687\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5949\u4e3a“\u9769\u547d”\u7684\u5bb3\u4eba\u884c\u52a8\u672c\u5c5e\u7ee7\u627f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7236\u8f88\u9769\u547d\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684“\u6253\u7838\u62a2”\u53ca\u6740\u4eba\u66b4\u884c\u59cb\u7ec8\u53d7\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u7eb5\u5bb9\u548c\u5305\u5e87\u3002\u6587\u9769\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u5904\u7406\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u66fe\u7279\u522b\u542b\u84c4\u5730\u6307\u793a\uff0c\u8981“\u5b9c\u7c97\u4e0d\u5b9c\u7ec6”\uff0c\u8981“\u6c34\u843d\u77f3\u4e0d\u51fa”\u3002\u80e1\u8fd9\u79cd\u606f\u4e8b\u5b81\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u663e\u7136\u610f\u5728\u504f\u8892\u65e9\u671f\u7ea2\u536b\u5175\u7684\u66b4\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5207\u65ad\u8ffd\u7a76\u9996\u6076\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7f6a\u8d23\u7684\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002\u6587\u9769\u5341\u5e74\u4ece\u6b64\u88ab\u5b98\u65b9\u5c01\u5b58\u4e3a\u4e00\u7247\u5386\u53f2\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u559d\u72fc\u5976\u957f\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u6279\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u81f3\u4eca\u90fd\u65e0\u771f\u8bda\u7684\u6094\u7f6a\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ea\u672a\u53d7\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u60e9\u5904\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u9093\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\u76d8\u8e1e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4d\uff0c\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\u65e2\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\u548c\u6377\u8db3\u5148\u767b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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 <\/p>

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     <\/span><\/p>

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      <\/span>\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e9\u5df2\u4e27\u5931\u7fa4\u4f17\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7279\u522b\u5bb3\u6015\u7fa4\u4f17\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u516b\u4e5d\u6c11\u8fd0\u88ab\u9547\u538b\u4e0b\u53bb\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7acb\u5373\u6210\u7acb\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6b66\u8b66\u961f\u4f0d\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u5176\u7ef4\u7a33\u7684\u804c\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f62\u5f0f\u88c5\u5907\u4e0a\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u63a5\u8f68\u7684\u5efa\u5236\u5347\u7ea7\u4e86\u9547\u538b\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u56fd\u5b89\u3001\u56fd\u4fdd\u3001\u57ce\u7ba1\u7b49\u4e25\u5bc6\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u6267\u6cd5\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5f02\u8bae\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u7ef4\u6743\u8005“\u88ab\u7981\u95ed”\u3001“\u88ab\u559d\u8336”\u3001“\u88ab\u5931\u8e2a”\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3“\u88ab\u81ea\u6740”\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u6bd4\u8d77\u6bdb\u65f6\u4ee3\u653e\u7eb5\u66b4\u6c11\u5927\u8086\u5bb3\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u5bb3\u4eba\u624b\u6bb5\u660e\u663e\u5730\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8c8c\u4f3c“\u8fdb\u6b65”\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e13\u653f\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u51f6\u72e0\u5f97\u8fd1\u4e4e\u53d8\u6001\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5bb3\u8d77\u4eba\u6765\u66f4\u4e0b\u6d41\u66f4\u65e0\u8d56\uff0c\u5f04\u51fa\u4e86\u79cd\u79cd\u8f6f\u6027\u6298\u78e8\u7684\u6b8b\u5fcd\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u6211\u4e70\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u9177\u5211\u4e0b\u7684\u7ef4\u6743\u5f8b\u5e08\u9ad8\u667a\u665f\u81ea\u8ff0\u300b\uff0c\u6bcf\u8bfb\u5230\u90a3\u4e9b\u56fd\u4fdd\u5351\u52a3\u5730\u6298\u78e8\u9ad8\u5f8b\u5e08\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5e38\u628a\u4eba\u8bfb\u5f97\u810a\u80cc\u53d1\u51b7\uff0c\u6076\u5fc3\u6b32\u5455\uff0c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53cd\u611f\u5f97\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u8bfb\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u9ad8\u5f8b\u5e08\u88ab\u62d8\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u4ed6\u6bcf\u65f6\u6bcf\u523b\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u90fd\u662f“\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u8352\u573a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5351\u9119\u3001\u6076\u52a3\u90fd\u6210\u4e86\u5802\u800c\u7687\u4e4b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4eba\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u662f\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4eba\u6027\u3001\u4eba\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u4e1d\u627f\u8ba4\u3002”\u4ed6\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u6124\u7136\u63a7\u8bc9\u8bf4\uff1a“\u90a3\u79cd\u51f6\u6b8b\u6076\u8fa3\u53ca\u51b7\u9177\u6b63\u662f\u4e2d\u5171\u6076\u52bf\u529b\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u547d\u5f97\u4ee5\u6b8b\u5b58\u7684\u7406\u7531\u548c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002”<\/span><\/p>

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      <\/span>\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u6bd5\u7adf\u5df2\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u5c11\u677e\u52a8\uff0c\u56fd\u4eba\u65e9\u5df2\u51b2\u7834\u6bdb\u65f6\u4ee3\u6240\u9677\u5165\u7684\u5b64\u7acb\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u9b54\u5492\u70df\u6d88\u4e91\u6563\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u513f\u5973\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u524d\u9014\u800c\u4e0e“\u9ed1\u4e94\u7c7b”\u7236\u6bcd\u5212\u6e05\u754c\u9650\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u59bb\u5b50\u53d7\u538b\u529b\u629b\u5f03\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u72af\u4e08\u592b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4eca\u65e5\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u591a\u662f\u9ad8\u667a\u665f\u3001\u738b\u70b3\u7ae0\u7684\u5973\u513f\u548c\u90ed\u98de\u96c4\u3001\u4e01\u5bb6\u559c\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u90a3\u7fa4\u5bf9\u6297\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u72af\u5bb6\u5c5e\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7ef4\u6743\u5f8b\u5e08\u7518\u5192\u88ab\u540a\u9500\u6267\u7167\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u88ab\u6355\u5224\u5211\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u4ed7\u4e49\u6267\u8a00\uff0c\u4e3a\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8fa9\u62a4\u3002\u66f4\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7533\u8bc9\u51a4\u6848\u548c\u72e0\u6279\u5171\u6076\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u94fa\u5929\u76d6\u5730\uff0c\u591a\u5f97\u8ba9\u7f51\u7ba1\u4eba\u5458\u5220\u4e0d\u80dc\u5220\uff0c\u5176\u8ffd\u8ba8\u4e0d\u4f11\u7684\u52bf\u5934\u5df2\u5bf9\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u5f62\u6210\u62b5\u6321\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7684\u8206\u8bba\u538b\u529b\u3002\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u5728\u6446\u8131\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u51dd\u805a\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u91cd\u5efa\u5171\u60c5\u3002<\/span>\u7b49\u5230<\/span>\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u90fd\u6446\u8131\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u5fc3\u7167\u4e0d\u5ba3\u5730\u8d70\u5411\u8857\u5934\uff0c\u4e00\u81f4\u62b5\u5236\u52a0\u5bb3\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u5bb3\u4eba\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u5171\u6076\u5c31\u8d8b\u4e8e\u74e6\u89e3\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>

     <\/span><\/p>

2017\u5e743\u6708<\/span><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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