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\u201c\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u201d\u5949\u884c\u4e00\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u624d\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u72ec\u5c0a\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u201d\u5982\u679c\u5949\u884c\u591a\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u6cd5\u8bed\u5e76\u7528\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u5e76\u7528\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5f88\u5feb\u8d70\u5411\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5929\u7136\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u800c\u5949\u884c\u591a\u79cd\u56fd\u8bed\u7684\u90a6\u8054\u5236\uff0c\u5219\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u74e6\u89e3\uff0c\u5982\u5965\u5308\u5e1d\u56fd\u5e76\u7528\u5fb7\u8bed\u548c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u8bed\uff0c\u4e00\u6218\u800c\u6e83\u3002\u4ece\u5965\u5308\u5e1d\u56fd\u5206\u88c2\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u672a\u7ecf\u4e00\u6218\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u5288\u4e24\u534a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\uff1a\u6377\u514b\u8bed\u548c\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u8bed\u3002\u800c\u5949\u884c\u8d8a\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u56fd\u8bed\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u89e3\u4f53\u5f97\u8d8a\u5feb\uff0c\u5982\u5357\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3001\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8054\u76df\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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\u516b\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8868\u73b0\u4ee4\u4eba\u5931\u671b<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8868\u73b0\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e00\u518d\u5931\u671b\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u672c\u4e0d\u9002\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53bb\u8861\u91cf\u5b83\u2500\u2500\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u4f20\u6765\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d[Nation]\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u7fa4\u4f17\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u8d39\u62c9\u5c45\u6c11\u201d[Fellah type]\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u7fa4\u6ca1\u6709\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u76f2\u6d41\u3001\u89c1\u98ce\u8f6c\u8235\u7684\u98ce\u6d3e\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u5b83\u6709\u65f6\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\u987d\u56fa\u4e0d\u5316\u7684\u9489\u5b50\u6237\u3001\u6d51\u6d51\u5669\u5669\u7684\u4e4c\u5408\u4e4b\u4f17\u3002\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u6e83\u6563\u4e86\uff0c\u6d88\u9690\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e0\u7ed3\u6784\u65e0\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u201c\u9ed4\u9996\u201d\u4e2d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u8d39\u62c9\u5c45\u6c11\u201d\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u7c7b\u578b[Fellah type]\uff0c\u800c\u8d39\u6765\u793e\u4f1a\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u7c7b\u578b\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u201c\u8d39\u62c9\u201d\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5965\u65af\u74e6\u5c14\u5fb7\u3002\u65af\u5bbe\u683c\u52d2[Oswald Spengler\uff0c1880\u25001936\u5e74]\u5728\u5176\u300a\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6ca1\u843d\u300b[the Decline of the West\uff0c1918\u5e74]\u4e0b\u5377\u300a\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u900f\u89c6\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u6307\u201c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u201d\uff0c\u884d\u751f\u610f\u4e49\u5219\u662f\u6307\u6240\u6709\u5927\u4e00\u7edf\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u81e3\u6c11\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u665a\u8fd1\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u81e3\u6c11\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u53e4\u81f3\u4eca\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u6c49\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8d39\u62c9\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u540e\u7f57\u9a6c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u201d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5728\u8d39\u62c9\u3001\u75de\u5b50\u7684\u638c\u63e1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6[State]\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u76d8\u8e1e\u5728\u7fa4\u4f17\u5934\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u653f\u6743\u201d\u3002\u79e6\u6c49\u9b4f\u664b\u968b\u5510\u5b8b\u5143\u660e\u6e05\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u56fd\u201d\u3001\u201c\u515a\u56fd\u201d\uff0c\u7686\u6b64\u7c7b\u4e5f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u591a\u515a\u4ee3\u8bae\u5236\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u6574\u5408\u82cf\u8054\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8054\u90a6\uff0c\u591a\u515a\u4ee3\u8bae\u5236\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u672a\u6765\u6574\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u8bae\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u751f\u6001\u707e\u96be[\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u5371\u673a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5371\u673a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5371\u673a\u201d]\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5962\u4f88\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u800c\u6ee5\u7528\u5962\u4f88\u54c1\u7684\u82cf\u8054\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5b83\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u9152\u9b3c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u51b3\u6240\u5206\u88c2\u3001\u74e6\u89e3\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8d2f\u5f7b\u82f1\u5f0f\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u903b\u8f91\u8d2f\u5f7b\u5230\u5e95\u3002\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7528\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53bb\u8861\u91cf\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7528\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u628a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u53d7\u4eba\u6307\u8d23\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u76d1\u72f1\u201d\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u53d7\u4eba\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u7194\u7089\u201d\u3002\u50cf\u7f8e\u56fd\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c45\u6c11\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u6765\u6e90\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u6210\u5206\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u582a\u79f0\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u201c\u72ec\u5c0a\u82f1\u8bed\u201d\u7684\u201c\u7194\u7089\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\u4e0b\uff0c\u5404\u8272\u4eba\u7b49\u88ab\u4e00\u6982\u7194\u5316\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u6210\u4e3a\u6beb\u65e0\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u8fde\u534a\u9ed1\u534a\u767d\u7684\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u90fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u3002\u4f46\u613f\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u672a\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u73b0\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u9f13\u5439\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5171\u6cbb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u201d[Chimerica]\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\uff0a<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e5d\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u660e\u7684\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u8303\u4f8b<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e0b\u5386\u53f2\u5c31\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fc7\u8054\u90a6\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u6574\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u800c\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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\u6211\u60f3\u4ee5\u201c\u62e5\u67aa\u6d3e\u201d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6c11\u6301\u6709\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u4eba\u4eba\u83b7\u5f97\u6301\u67aa\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u5929\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u50cf\u79e6\u59cb\u7687\u548c\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u88ab\u5f81\u670d\u6c11\u65cf[\u5173\u4e1c\u516d\u56fd\u3001\u4e9a\u6d32\u5404\u56fd]\u8fde\u83dc\u5200\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u8054\u90a6\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f2a\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

2009\u5e741\u670826\u65e5 \u5927\u5e74\u521d\u4e00<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\uff0a<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[Chimerica\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u56fd\u201d\u30022008\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53f2\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u5f17\u683c\u68ee[Niall Ferguson]\u548c\u67cf\u6797\u81ea\u7531\u5927\u5b66\u77f3\u91cc\u514b\u6559\u6388\u5171\u540c\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u7684\u65b0\u8bcd\u201cChimerica\u201d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5df2\u8d70\u5165\u5171\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5f17\u683c\u68ee\u6559\u6388\u8fd8\u5c55\u671b\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f53\u2018\u4e2d\u7f8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5171\u751f\u4f53\u2019\u65f6\u4ee3\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u5185\u8d85\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u65e5\u540e\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5c06\u7ef4\u6301\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u5e76\u51fa\u73b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9738\u6743[Pax Sinica]\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5f17\u683c\u68ee\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u201cChimerica\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u6700\u5927\u6d88\u8d39\u56fd[\u7f8e\u56fd]\u548c\u6700\u5927\u50a8\u84c4\u56fd[\u4e2d\u56fd]\u6784\u6210\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u5bf9\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5f17\u683c\u68ee\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u53f2\u4e0a\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u201cChimerica\u201d[\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5171\u540c\u4f53]\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2d\u7f8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5173\u7cfb\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u6027\u3002\u5f17\u683c\u68ee\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\uff0d\u7f8e\u4e24\u56fd\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u5360\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u5341\u4e09\u5927\u9646\u9762\u79ef\u3001\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u4eba\u53e3\u3001\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c[GDP]\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u5f17\u683c\u68ee\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9700\u8981\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u6765\u7ef4\u6301\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bbd\u677e\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u523a\u6fc0\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u4f9d\u9760\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ef4\u6301\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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    \u516d\u3001\u7edf\u7387\u9646\u6d77\u519b\u53ca\u7f16\u5b9a\u519b\u5236\u4e4b\u6743\u3002\u541b\u4e0a\u8c03\u9063\u5168\u56fd\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u5e38\u5907\u5175\u989d\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u5168\u6743\u6267\u884c\u3002\u51e1\u4e00\u5207\u519b\u4e8b\uff0c\u7686\u975e\u8bae\u9662\u6240\u5f97\u5e72\u9884\u3002
   
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