{"id":77858,"date":"2017-10-23T04:58:00","date_gmt":"2017-10-23T04:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=77858 "},"modified":"2017-10-23T04:58:00","modified_gmt":"2017-10-23T04:58:00","slug":"77858-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=77858","title":{"rendered":"\u66fe\u5efa\u5143\uff1a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\uff0c\u91cd\u6765\u4e00\u6b21\u2014\u2014\u300a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u4e61\u5168\u7eaa\u5f55\u300b\u5bfc\u8bfb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">\uff08\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u4e0e\u5341\u5b57\u65b9\u9488\u5f81\u6587\uff09<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mzzg.org\/UploadCenter\/ArticlePics\/2017\/42\/20171020ruobote.jpg\" alt=\"20171020ruobote.jpg (550&#215;366)\" \/><\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 16px;\">\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u548c\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u56fe\u7247\uff09<\/span><\/p><div>&nbsp;<\/div><div>&nbsp;<\/div>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\uff08<strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:105%; font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;Times New Roman&quot;;\">\u66fe\u5efa\u5143\uff1a<\/span><\/strong>\u4e2d\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u7cfb\u526f\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u65b0\u53f0\u6e7e\u56fd\u7b56\u667a\u5e93\u8c18\u8be2\u59d4\u5458\u517c\u4e24\u5cb8\u5173\u7cfb\u7ec4\u53ec\u96c6\u4eba\uff09<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5357\u5858\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/span><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u300a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u4e61\u5168\u7eaa\u5f55\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u662f\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u548c\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">2007<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\u81f3<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%\">2009<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\u95f4\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5b89\u5fbd\u7701\u961c\u9633\u5e02\u9896\u5dde\u533a\u4e09\u5408\u9547\u5357\u5858\u6751\u53c2\u4e0e\u63a8\u5e7f\u300a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u300b\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">Robert&#8217;s Rules of Order<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\uff09\u7684\u5168\u7a0b\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 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line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6c11\u56fd\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/span><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u300a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u300b\u521d\u7248\u539f\u540d\u300a\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u8896\u73cd\u624b\u518c\u300b\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%\">Pocket Manual of Rules of Order for Deliberative Assemblies<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ea8\u5229\uff0e\u9a6c\u4e01\uff0e\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">Henry Martyn Robert<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\uff09\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1876<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\uff08\u6e05\u5149\u7eea<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u7cfb\u53c2\u8003\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u7684\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6c11\u95f4\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u6784\u7684\u96c6\u4f1a\u548c\u8bae\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1917<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4ee5\u672c\u4e66\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u590d\u53c2\u8003\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c99\u5fb7\u6c0f\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">Harriette R. Shattuck<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\uff09\u7684\u300a\u5987\u5973\u8bae\u4e8b\u6cd5\u624b\u518c\u300b\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">The Woman&#8217;s Manual of Parliamentary Law<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\uff09\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u6210\u300a\u4f1a\u8bae\u901a\u5219\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u53c8\u8d77\u540d\u66f0\u300a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u300b\uff0c\u4ea4\u7531\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5217\u4e3a\u300a\u5efa\u56fd\u65b9\u7565\u300b\u4e09\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\uff08\u53e6\u4e8c\u4e66\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7406\u5efa\u8bbe\uff1a\u300a\u5b59\u6587\u5b66\u8bf4\u300b\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u5efa\u8bbe\uff1a\u300a\u5b9e\u4e1a\u8ba1\u753b\u300b\uff09\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u8981\u4ece\u516c\u5171\u5ba1\u8bae\u548c\u51b3\u5b9a\u505a\u8d77\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u53d1\u613f\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u300a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u300b\u6b63\u597d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u6c11\u5728\u8bae\u4e8b\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u4f53\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e00\u76d8\u6563\u6c99\u3001\u6f2b\u65e0\u7ae0\u6cd5\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u5904\u7406\u516c\u5171\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u516c\u6c11\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u7279\u6709\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u7531\u53bf\u3001\u7701\u5230\u56fd\u5206\u5c42\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u5efa\u56fd\u4e09\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u6982\u62ec\uff0c\u5373\u519b\u653f\u3001\u8bad\u653f\u548c\u5baa\u653f\u3002\u5728\u4ee5\u519b\u4e8b\u624b\u6bb5\u5e73\u5b9a\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7701\u4efd\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bf\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u5c55\u5f00\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u8bad\u653f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u3008\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5efa\u56fd\u5927\u7eb2\u3009\u4e2d\u8bf4\u5230\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5e94\u5f53\u6d3e\u5458\u5230\u5404\u53bf\u8bad\u7ec3\u4eba\u6c11\u884c\u4f7f\u9009\u4e3e\u7f62\u514d\u521b\u5236\u8907\u51b3\u56db\u6743\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u5728\u5baa\u653f\u65f6\u671f\u8fd8\u653f\u4e8e\u6c11\uff0c\u843d\u5b9e\u4e3b\u6743\u5728\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u800c\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bad\u653f\u7684\u56db\u6743\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u524d\u671f\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1928<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7edf\u4e00\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u5b9e\u65bd\u8bad\u653f\uff0c\u4ee5\u515a\u6cbb\u56fd\uff0c\u65cb\u5373\u9881\u5e03\u6709\u300a\u5404\u7ea7\u5b66\u6821\u589e\u52a0\u515a\u4e49\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6682\u884c\u901a\u5219\u300b\uff0c\u8be5\u901a\u5219\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6761\u5173\u4e8e\u5404\u7ea7\u5b66\u6821\u515a\u4e49\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e43\u89c4\u5b9a\u5c0f\u5b66\u6821\u4e4b\u515a\u4e49\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u300a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u6f14\u4e60\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u848b\u4e2d\u6b63\u5bf9\u8bad\u653f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u53d7\u5230\u5f53\u65f6\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u4e49\u5927\u5229\u519b\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6e05\u527f\u4e2d\u534e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u519b\u884c\u8425\u6240\u5728\u5730\u6c5f\u897f\u7701\u4f1a\u5357\u660c\u5e02\u5021\u8bae\u65b0\u751f\u6d3b\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u4ee5\u519b\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u6765\u6539\u9020\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u56e0\u5e94\u6297\u65e5\u4e0e\u5efa\u56fd\u519b\u4e8b\u52a8\u5458\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u5728<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1934<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6708\u3008\u65b0\u751f\u6d3b\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u51c6\u5219\u3009\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u519b\u4e8b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u957f\u7684\u848b\u4e2d\u6b63\uff0c\u628a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u89c6\u4e3a\u56e2\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u793c\u8282\u6765\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u800c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u9769\u547d\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u7531\u5e73\u7b49\u65b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u848b\u4e2d\u6b63\u4e43\u4ee5\u53e4\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793c\u6765\u6bd4\u55bb\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e2d\u56fd\u88e1\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u5728\u5f62\u5851\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u6c11\u4e0a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5374\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6b6a\u6253\u6b63\u8457\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u8bae\u4e8b\u7eaa\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u7684\u5374\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u8868\u8fbe\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u548c\u519b\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u4e8e\u515a\u56fd\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u72c2\u70ed\u4e0e\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1935<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">9<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6708\uff0c\u848b\u4e2d\u6b63\u5728\u56db\u5ddd\u5ce8\u5d4b\u519b\u5b98\u8bad\u7ec3\u56e2\u6f14\u8bb2\u3008\u56fd\u7236\u9057\u6559\u6982\u8981\u3009\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e09\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u5efa\u56fd\u65b9\u7565\u5fc3\u7406\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e09\u5927\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u518d\u589e\u6dfb\u653f\u6cbb\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e00\u9879\uff0c\u6b64\u4e4b\u653f\u6cbb\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u4ee5\u3008\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5efa\u5927\u94a2\u3009\u3001\u3008\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u884c\u6cd5\u3009\u548c\u3008\u4e94\u6743\u5baa\u6cd5\u3009\u4e09\u9879\u8457\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u7cfb\u5173\u4e8e\u5404\u7ea7\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u65bd\u884c\u548c\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u4ea6\u5373\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5728\u8bad\u653f\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5b9e\u65bd\u516c\u6c11\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u56fa\u7136\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u56e0\u4e3a\u6297\u6218\u7684\u7f18\u6545\u65e0\u6cd5\u5168\u9762\u63a8\u5e7f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u5c31\u5f53\u65f6\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5f62\u5851\u73b0\u4ee3\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u6240\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u4ecd\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4ee4\u4eba\u4f69\u670d\u5176\u4eba\u4e4b\u5668\u8bc6\u548c\u8fdc\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u53f0\u6e7e\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/span><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u64ad\u8fc1\u6765\u53f0\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b9e\u65bd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7d27\u6025\u6743\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u516c\u6c11\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u4ecd\u6df1\u53d7\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e09\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u6562\u5f03\u7f6e\u504f\u5e9f\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1953<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\uff0c\u5185\u653f\u90e8\u957f\u9ec4\u5b63\u9646\u5373\u53ec\u96c6\u4e13\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u300a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u300b\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u56fd\u60c5\u5236\u5b9a\u51fa\u53f0\u6e7e\u7248\u7684\u300a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u300b<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&#9472;&#9472;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u300a\u8bd5\u884c\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u300b\uff0c\u4e8e\u6b21\u5e74<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">5<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6708\u9881\u5e03\u65bd\u884c\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%\">1965<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6708\u5185\u653f\u90e8\u957f\u8fde\u9707\u4e1c\u9881\u5e03\u73b0\u884c\u300a\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u300b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5404\u7ea7\u5b66\u6821\u516c\u6c11\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53f0\u6e7e\u5404\u516c\u79c1\u673a\u6784\u4e3e\u884c\u4f1a\u8bae\u65f6\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u8303\u3002<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1966<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u7206\u53d1\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u848b\u4e2d\u6b63\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u53d1\u8d77\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u5316\u590d\u5174\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cd\u5236\uff0c\u53d6\u6cd5\u65b0\u751f\u6d3b\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e4b\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1968<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">5<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6708\u7531\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u5316\u590d\u5174\u8fd0\u52a8\u63a8\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7814\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u987b\u77e5\u300b\uff0c\u7ecf\u603b\u4f1a\u957f\u848b\u4e2d\u6b63\u9881\u884c\u3002\u5f53\u4e2d\u4ee5\u4e09\u5219\u6761\u6587\u89c4\u5b9a\u5f00\u4f1a\u4e4b\u793c\u8282\uff1a<\/span><\/p><div>&nbsp;<\/div>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">28<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6761\uff0c\u51fa\u5e2d\u96c6\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e25\u5b88\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u4e2d\u9014\u9000\u5e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5148\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e3b\u5e2d\u8bb8\u53ef\u3002<\/span> <span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">29<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6761\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4f1a\u573a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e3b\u5e2d\u804c\u6743\uff0c\u53d1\u8a00\u5148\u6c42\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u5e76\u9075\u5b88\u65f6\u9650\u3002<\/span> <\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">30<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6761\uff0c\u517b\u6210\u670d\u4ece\u591a\u6570\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u5c11\u6570\u4e4b\u4e60\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5728\u90a3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u300b\u548c\u300a\u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u987b\u77e5\u300b\u6210\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u56fd\u6c11\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u516c\u6c11\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6211\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8bb0\u5f97\u5728\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b66\u65f6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u5e74\u5b66\u6821\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u4e0b\u300a\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u300b\u548c\u300a\u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u987b\u77e5\u300b\u7684\u5c0f\u518c\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u7814\u4e60\uff0c\u5c0f\u5b66\u88e1\u7684\u73ed\u4f1a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u7ec3\u4e60\u300a\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u300b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u6821\u88e1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e3e\u884c\u300a\u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u987b\u77e5\u300b\u7684\u6d4b\u9a8c\u3002\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u8bb0\u5f97\u300a\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u300b\u548c\u300a\u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u987b\u77e5\u300b\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u65e9\u5df2\u5185\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u6587\u5316\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u793c\u4eea\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1960<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9752\u5e74\u53cd\u5171\u6551\u56fd\u56e2\u6210\u4e3a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u6821\u56ed\u63a8\u5e7f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8425\u961f\u548c\u793e\u56e2\u9646\u7eed\u521b\u529e\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u4e00\u6279\u6279\u719f\u6089\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e5f\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u6821\u56ed\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u9635\u5730\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u53d6\u4ee3\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u6210\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u573a\u3002\u5b66\u751f\u8bae\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u5b66\u751f\u6f14\u7ec3\u300a\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u300b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u821e\u53f0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u751f\u516c\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u8d70\u51fa\u6821\u56ed\u540e\uff0c\u5219\u6210\u4e3a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">1970<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\u4ee3\u81f3\u4eca\u53f0\u6e7e\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e3b\u529b\u6218\u5c06\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u628a\u53cd\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6b66\u5668\u6559\u7ed9\u4e86\u53cd\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u300c\u542f\u8499\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u300d\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e0e\u5176\u9644\u968f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6551\u56fd\u56e2\u7559\u7ed9\u53f0\u6e7e\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u4ea7\u3002<\/span><\/p><div>&nbsp;<\/div>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><strong><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5173\u4e8e\u672c\u4e66\u4e0e\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u300a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u4e61\u5168\u7eaa\u5f55\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u8bb2\u7684\u662f\u5357\u5858\u6751\u6c11\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5174\u519c\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6cbb\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u5efa\u8bbe\u57f9\u8bad\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u300a\u5357\u5858\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u300b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8d77\u5fc3\u52a8\u5ff5\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6768\u4e91\u6807\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u5357\u5858\u5174\u519c\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u5f00\u4f1a\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5f00\u4f1a\u666e\u904d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u8dd1\u9898\u3001\u4e00\u8a00\u5802\u3001\u91ce\u86ee\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u85c9\u7531\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u6587\u5b57\u6d41\u7545\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u4e30\u6c9b\u800c\u7ec6\u817b\u7684\u7eaa\u5f55\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u4e43\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u5230\u5357\u5858\u519c\u6c11\u5982\u4f55\u514b\u670d\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u6df1\u523b\u4f53\u4f1a\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u5230\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u610f\u5728\u8a00\u5916\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u6233\u7834\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7d20\u8d28\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5957\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u751f\u6839\u548c\u840c\u82bd\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f5c\u8005\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\uff0c\u5973\u6027\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%\">1965<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%; font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\u751f\uff0c\u5c71\u4e1c\u7701\u6cf0\u5b89\u5e02\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u5173\u5fc3\u516c\u76ca\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f5c\u5bb6\u548c\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\u88fd\u4f5c\u4eba\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u5317\u4eac\u624b\u7275\u624b\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u6cf0\u5b89\u7231\u827a\u6587\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u5317\u4eac\u6c34\u6e90\u4fdd\u62a4\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u996e\u6c34\u601d\u6e90\u7231\u827a\u6587\u5316\u57fa\u91d1\u7b49\u516c\u76ca\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u662f\u5357\u5858\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u50ac\u751f\u8005\uff0c\u5979\u4ee5\u300c\u5a92\u5a46\u300d\u5f62\u5bb9\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5357\u5858\u519c\u6c11\u8d74\u4eac\u4e0a\u8bbf\u7684\u6768\u4e91\u6807\uff0c\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f5c\u8005\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u63a8\u5e7f\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u57fa\u5c42\u519c\u6751\u8bd5\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4fbf\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5a92\u5408\uff0c\u679c\u7136\u4e00\u62cd\u5373\u5408\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f5c\u8005\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\uff0c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%\">1976<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74\u751f\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u5317\u4eac\u90ae\u7535\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u963f\u62c9\u65af\u52a0\u5927\u5b66\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">Alaska University<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\uff09\u7559\u5b66\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u51fa\u4efb\u4e86\u8be5\u6821\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u63a5\u89e6\u4e86\u300a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u300b\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u4f1a\u7684\u8bae\u4e8b\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u8bae\u4e8b\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u300a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u300b\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u5176\u540e\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\u56de\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u521b\u4e1a\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f53\u4f1a\u5230\u539f\u56e0\u51fa\u5728\u4e0e\u4f19\u4f34\u95f4\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0d\u826f\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u6c9f\u901a\u6548\u679c\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u5957\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u7528\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ba9\u4ed6\u60f3\u8d77\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4ed6\u91cd\u65b0\u627e\u51fa\u300a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u300b\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ee5\u63a8\u5e7f\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u5219\u505a\u4e3a\u4eba\u751f\u5fd7\u4e1a\u3002<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt;line-height:150%\">2014<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6708\uff0c\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u4e3a\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u516c\u5b89\u5c40\u4ee5\u300c\u6d89\u5acc\u5bfb\u8845\u6ecb\u4e8b\u300d\u4e3a\u7531\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u79d8\u5bc6\u56da\u7981<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">128<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5929\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u516c\u5b89\u90e8\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5c40\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u6b66\u88c5\u8b66\u5bdf\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u8054\u5408\u4fa6\u67e5\u3002\u5979\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7f6a\u8bc1\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u58f0\u63f4\u9999\u6e2f\u7231\u4e0e\u548c\u5e73\u5360\u9886\u4e2d\u73af\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u4e24\u5cb8\u4e09\u5730\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u57f9\u8bad\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u628a\u8fd9\u6bb5\u906d\u5230\u56da\u7981\u7684\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5199\u6210\u300a\u654c\u4eba\u662f\u600e\u9ebd\u70bc\u6210\u7684\uff1f\uff0d\uff0d\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u5229\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5728\u63a7\u8bc9\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4efb\u610f\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0e\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u9980\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u68ee\u4e25\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u4eba\u6027\u5e7d\u5fae\u7684\u5149\u4eae\u3002\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u62c5\u4efb\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b66\u4eba\uff0c\u5bf9\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u53c2\u4e0e\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u5199\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\u5728\u63a8\u5e7f\u8bae\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e5f\u6df1\u83b7\u53f0\u6e7e\u8bae\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u800c\u66fe\u7ecf\u53d7\u9080\u6765\u53f0\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u3000\u3000<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u53f0\u6e7e\u5df2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u79bb\u5f00\u8e3d\u8e3d\u5b66\u4e60\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f88\u4e45\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u9752\u6625\u800c\u6d6e\u8e81\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u6587\u5316\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5c1a\u5f85\u6df1\u5316\u4e0e\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6e29\u6545\u77e5\u65b0\uff0c\u91cd\u8bfb\u300a\u6c11\u6743\u521d\u6b65\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4f1a\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u300b\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u5931\u4e3a\u662f\u53f0\u6e7e\u76d8\u6574\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u601d\u8003\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u5e0c\u671b\u5357\u5858\u7ecf\u9a8c\u80fd\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u627e\u5230\u5370\u8bc1\u548c\u5171\u9e23\uff0c\u6211\u5219\u8877\u5fc3\u671f\u5f85\u300a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u4e61\u5168\u7eaa\u5f55\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u8c26\u5351\u548c\u9759\u5fc3\u5730\u597d\u597d\u53cd\u601d\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u7d20\u517b\u3001\u8bae\u4e8b\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u516c\u5171\u5ba1\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u519c\u6751\u3001\u90e8\u843d\u548c\u793e\u533a\u603b\u4f53\u8425\u9020\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u53f0\u6e7e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u771f\u7684\u90a3\u9ebd\u5982\u4eba\u6240\u613f\u3001\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u500d\u611f\u9a84\u50b2\u5417\uff1f<\/span><\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\">&nbsp;<\/p>  <p style=\"line-height:150%\"><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6c11\u56fd<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">106<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5e74<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u6708<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">5<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u65e5<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt; line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u65f6<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">40<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5206<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:\u5b8b\u4f53;\">\u5370\u5ea6\u65b0\u5fb7\u91cc\u82f1\u8fea\u62c9\u3002\u7518\u5730\u673a\u573a<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&lt;div&gt;\u300a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u4e61\u5168\u7eaa\u5f55\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u662f\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u548c\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u80052007\u5e74\u81f32009\u5e74\u95f4\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5b89\u5fbd\u7701\u961c\u9633\u5e02\u9896\u5dde\u533a\u4e09\u5408\u9547\u5357\u5858\u6751\u53c2\u4e0e\u63a8\u5e7f\u300a\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u300b\uff08Robert&amp;#8217;s Rules of Order\uff09\u7684\u5168\u7a0b\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u548c\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u51b3\u5b9a\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u5f20\u80dc\u51fa\u3002\u5bc7\u5ef6\u4e01\u548c\u8881\u5929\u9e4f\u79f0\u5728\u8bae\u4e8b\u89c4\u5219\u4e0b\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8bae\u51b3\u4e3a\u300c\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u53bb\u754c\u5b9a\u300c\u6c11\u4e3b\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u6bcb\u5b81\u66f4\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u4e49\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u548c\u771f\u4f2a\u3002&lt;\/div&gt;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,153],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-first","category-democratization-10words","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=77858"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77858\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=77858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=77858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=77858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}