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[1] \u53c2\u89c1[\u82f1]\u6d1b\u514b\uff1a\u300a\u653f\u5e9c\u8bba\u300b\uff08\u4e0b\uff09\uff0c\u53f6\u542f\u4e3a\u3001\u77bf\u83ca\u519c\u8bd1\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1986\uff0c\u7b2c59\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[2] \u53c2\u89c1[\u82f1]\u6d1b\u514b\uff1a\u300a\u653f\u5e9c\u8bba\u300b\uff08\u4e0b\uff09\uff0c\u53f6\u542f\u4e3a\u3001\u77bf\u83ca\u519c\u8bd1\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1986\uff0c\u7b2c91\uff0d92\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[3] \u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e43\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u56fd\u5bb6\uff1a\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u53d7\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u505a\u6240\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5e76\u501f\u52a9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u53bb\u505a\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002[\u6cd5]\u7f57\u4f2f\u65af\u6bd4\u5c14\uff1a\u300a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6cd5\u5236\u548c\u5ba1\u5224\u300b\uff0c\u738b\u4e4b\u76f8\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1965\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c171\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[4] Robert Post\uff0c Democracy and Equality. Law\uff0c Culture and the Humanities\uff0c Vol. 1\uff0c 2005.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[5] [\u6cd5]\u53c2\u89c1\u5362\u68ad\uff1a\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u4f55\u5146\u6b66\u8bd1\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1982\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c3\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c1\u7ae0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[6] \u8fd9\u662f\u6770\u514b\u900a\u6cd5\u5b98\u5728\u897f\u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6559\u80b2\u5c40\u8bc9\u5df4\u5c3c\u7279\u6848\uff08319 U.S.624\uff0c 1943\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u5224\u8bcd\uff0c\u8f6c\u5f15\u81ea[\u7f8e]\u5361\u5c14\u3002\u79d1\u6069\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b\uff0c\u8042\u5d07\u4fe1\u3001\u6731\u79c0\u8d24\u8bd1\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1988\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c155\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[7] \u300a\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6743\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u3001\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u7b2c19\u6761\u7b49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[8] Brown v. Hartlage\uff0c 456 U.S. 45\uff0c 60 \uff081982\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[9] Kelsen\uff0c Hans\uff0c General Theory of Law and State\uff0c trans. Anders Wedberg. Harvard University Press\uff0c 1961\uff0c p285-288.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[10] \u53c2\u89c1the First Amendment Is an Absolute\uff0c 1961 Sup. Cr. Rew. 245\u548cFree speech and its Relation to Self \u2013 government\uff0c\u3000\u4e2d\u8bd1\u672c\u7531\u4faf\u5065\u4ee5\u300a\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9650\u5ea6\u300b\u4e3a\u540d\u8bd1\u51fa\uff0c\u8d35\u5dde\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2003.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[11] Blasi\uff0c the Checking Value in First Amendment Theory\uff0c 1977 Am. B. Found. Research J.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[12] \u53c2\u89c1[\u7f8e]\u5361\u5c14\u3002\u79d1\u6069\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b\uff0c\u8042\u5d07\u4fe1\u3001\u6731\u79c0\u8d24\u8bd1\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1988\u5e745\u6708\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[13] Whitney v. California\uff0c 274 U.S. 357\uff0c 375-376.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[14] \u4faf\u5065\uff1a\u300a\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u53ca\u5176\u9650\u5ea6\u300b\uff0c<\/FONT>http:\/\/www.gongfa.com\/yanlunziyoujixianduhoujian<\/FONT><\/A>.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[15] [\u82f1]\u827e\u745e\u514b\u3002\u5df4\u4f26\u7279\uff1a\u300a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4fdd\u62a4\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u662f\u5176\u300a\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff0c\u8f7d\u5f20\u660e\u6770\uff1a\u300a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2003.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[16] Pornography and the first Amendment\uff0c Duke Law Journal \uff081986\uff09\uff1a 589-627\uff0c p.603.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[17] Bork\uff0c Neutral Principles and Some First Amendment Problems\uff0c 47 Ind. L.J \uff081971\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[18] \u79d1\u6069\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5c06\u6c11\u4e3b\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5206\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u5e76\u975e\u53ef\u4ee5\u622a\u7136\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u4e24\u5757\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u878d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5176\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u7528\u79d1\u6069\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u201c\u4ece\u4e8b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u5305\u62ec\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u79d1\u6069\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u8c08\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f71\u54cd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u201d\u3002\u53c2\u89c1[\u7f8e]\u5361\u5c14\u3002\u79d1\u6069\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b\uff0c\u8042\u5d07\u4fe1\u3001\u6731\u79c0\u8d24\u8bd1\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1988\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c124-125\u9875\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u7531\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u4e00\u5e76\u79f0\u4e3a\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u5173\u4e8e\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u62d9\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u2014\u2014\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u5a92\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2008\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c2\u7ae0\u7b2c2\u8282\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[19] [\u7f8e]\u5361\u5c14\u3002\u79d1\u6069\uff1a\u300a\u8bba\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b\uff0c\u8042\u5d07\u4fe1\u3001\u6731\u79c0\u8d24\u8bd1\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1988\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c125-126\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[20] \u5728The Checking Value in First Amendment Theory\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e03\u5170\u897f\u6559\u6388\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u662f\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5236\u7ea6\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u5458\u6ee5\u7528\u6743\u529b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u6ee5\u7528\u6743\u529b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6076\uff0c\u5176\u5371\u5bb3\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e\u79c1\u4e3b\u4f53\u6ee5\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5927\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8425\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002\u201d1977 Am. B.Found. Res. J. 521\uff0c 538.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[21] \u53c2\u89c1David A. J. Richards\uff0c Free Speech and Obscenity Law\uff1a Toward a Moral Theory of The First Amendment\uff0c University of Pennsylvania Law Review 123 \uff081974\uff09\uff1a 45-91\uff0c pp.68-69.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[22] \u53c2\u89c1 R. George Wright\uff0c \u201cA Rationale from J. S. Mill for the Free Speech Clause\uff0c\u201d Supreme Court Review \uff081985\uff09\uff1a 149-178\uff0c p.152.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[23] J.M. Balkin\uff0c Populism and Progressivism as Constitutional Categories \uff08Book Review\uff09\uff0c Yale Law Journal 104 \uff081995\uff09\uff1a 1935-90\uff0c p.19862.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[24] Redish\uff0c the Value of Free Speech\uff0c University of Pennsylvania Law Review \uff081984\uff09\uff0c130.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[25] \u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u7edd\u5bf9\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u660e\u4ee4\u7981\u6b62\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u717d\u52a8\u6027\u8bfd\u8c24\u3001\u4ec7\u6068\u6027\u8a00\u8bba\uff08fighting words\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u5e76\u4e0d\u89c1\u5f97\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6311\u9017\u6027\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u53ea\u5177\u6709\u539f\u5219\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c31\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u53cd\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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