{"id":8209,"date":"2009-03-02T12:05:40","date_gmt":"2009-03-02T12:05:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=8209 "},"modified":"2009-03-02T12:05:40","modified_gmt":"2009-03-02T12:05:40","slug":"8209-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=8209","title":{"rendered":"2008\u5e74\u897f\u65b9\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7efc\u8ff0"},"content":{"rendered":"

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2008\u5e74\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u5982\u6d77\u5578\u822c\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u6ce2\u53ca\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u601d\u60f3\u754c\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u7ec8\u7ed3\u8bba\u201d\u5e2d\u5377\u800c\u6765\uff1a\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7834\u4ea7\u3001\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e16\u7eaa\u201d\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u3001\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f53\u7cfb\u6b63\u5728\u8d70\u5411\u706d\u4ea1\u2026\u2026\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u601d\u60f3\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u98ce\u66b4\u6b63\u5728\u5174\u8d77\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u500d\u611f\u5174\u594b\u8fd8\u662f\u5fc3\u6000\u5fe7\u8651\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u6b27\u7f8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u8bd5\u56fe\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u573a\u5371\u673a\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u5185\u5728\u7684\u6839\u672c\u77db\u76fe\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u9884\u793a\u7740\u67d0\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u5de8\u53d8\u7684\u6765\u4e34\uff1f<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

Joseph E. Stiglitz\uff08\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u30012001\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff09\u57287\u6708\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff1f\u300b\u4e00\u6587[1]\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u4ed6\u6279\u8bc4\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u5e02\u573a\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fa9\u62a4\u8005\u529b\u56fe\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u5931\u7075\u7684\u8c34\u8d23\u8f6c\u5411\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5931\u8bef\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u662f\u660e\u786e\u65e0\u7591\u7684\u3002Stiglitz\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u5229\u76ca\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u6559\u6761\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u672a\u53d7\u5230\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u5386\u53f2\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u201d\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u65b0\u95fb\u5468\u520a\u300b\u572810\u6708\u53d1\u8868Jacob Weisberg\uff08\u8457\u540d\u7f51\u7ad9Slate\u4e3b\u7f16\uff09\u7684\u6587\u7ae0[2]\uff0c\u5ba3\u544a\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u201d\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08libertarianism\uff09\u7684\u8fa9\u89e3\u8005\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u79cd\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5374\u56de\u907f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u91d1\u878d\u5d29\u6e83\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5176\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u662f\u5e7c\u7a1a\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u96be\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5e02\u573a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u975e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bef\u5224\u98ce\u9669\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9519\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u770b\u7ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5236\u4f5c\u201c\u707e\u96be\u7684\u5904\u65b9\u201d\u3002Weisberg\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\u201c\u7834\u4ea7\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u6551\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005Richard A. Epstein\uff08\u80e1\u4f5b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3001\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff09\u6301\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u798f\u5e03\u65af\u300b\u7f51\u7ad9\u53d1\u8868\u56de\u5e94\u6587\u7ae0[3]\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3aWeisberg\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u662f\u7c97\u7cd9\u7684\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u89c6\u5176\u7cbe\u5fae\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4ed6\u8bd5\u56fe\u6f84\u6e05\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u201c\u6709\u9650\u653f\u5e9c\u201d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f3a\u8c03\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4e5f\u6df1\u77e5\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u516c\u5171\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ee5\u53ca\u56da\u5f92\u56f0\u5883\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u624d\u662f\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u3002Epstein\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0cWeisberg\u7684\u6307\u63a7\u8fc7\u5206\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u5931\u7075\uff0c\u5374\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u5931\u7075\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u672a\u6765\u524d\u666f\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff0cEdmund S. Phelps\uff08\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efb\u30012006\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff09\u663e\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u8c28\u614e\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f1a\u6709\u524d\u9014\u5417\uff1f\u300b\u4e00\u6587[4]\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u8c08\u8bba\u201c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u5b83\u66fe\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u57281980\u5e74\u4ee3\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\u590d\u82cf\u3002\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u88ab\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u770b\u4f5c\u653e\u4efb\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f00\u653e\u4e0e\u5f7b\u5e95\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u201c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u7834\u574f\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5ffd\u89c6\u8fd9\u679a\u786c\u5e01\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u201d\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u6fc0\u53d1\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u70ed\u60c5\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u5c06\u5de5\u4f5c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u6311\u6218\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u53d1\u73b0\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba12008\u5e74\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5145\u6ee1\u6311\u6218\uff0cPhelps\u76f8\u4fe1\u201c\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u91cd\u89c6\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u660e\u667a\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\uff08Barack Huseein Obama\uff09\u89d2\u90102008\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5927\u9009\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u83b7\u80dc\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u5e74\u4f20\u5a92\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u7684\u70ed\u70c8\u53cd\u54cd\u3002\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u5927\u9009\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u6062\u590d\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u5c0a\u3002\u516b\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u8bed\u8bcd\u88ab\u62d9\u52a3\u65e0\u80fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u638f\u7a7a\u4e86\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6050\u60e7\u4e0e\u5931\u843d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u5c0a\u3002\u800c\u5965\u5df4\u81ea\u59cb\u81f3\u7ec8\u90fd\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u5524\u8d77\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u5fc3\u548c\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u6765\u81ea\u201c\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u201d\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u80fd\u591f\u6bd4\u8fc7\u53bb\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u80fd\u591f\u8d85\u8d8a9.11\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6124\u6012\u4e0e\u6050\u60e7\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u76f8\u4fe1\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6b63\u6d3e\u3001\u6587\u660e\u548c\u5224\u65ad\u529b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u94f8\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5e76\u4e14\u83b7\u80dc\u3002[6]\u8457\u540d\u5de6\u7ffc\u5b66\u8005Alan Wolfe\uff08\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u5b66\u9662\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff09\u5728\u300a\u65b0\u5171\u548c\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u7684\u80dc\u9009\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u65b0\u7bc7\u7ae0\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e89\u53d6\u79cd\u65cf\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u8d70\u5411\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ec8\u7ed3\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u5171\u548c\u515a\u653f\u5ba2\u717d\u52a8\u7684\u201c\u4e24\u6781\u5316\u653f\u6cbb\u201d\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6218\u4e89\u3002[7]\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6Marie Arana\u5728\u300a\u534e\u76db\u987f\u90ae\u62a5\u300b\u64b0\u6587\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4f20\u5a92\u5927\u8086\u6e32\u67d3\u201c\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u9ed1\u4eba\u603b\u7edf\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5207\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u800c\u662f\u8bef\u5bfc\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5979\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u201c\u53cc\u79cd\u65cf\u7684\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e8c\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u201d\uff08biracial and bicultural\uff09\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u79cd\u65cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u662f\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u629b\u5f03\u201c\u4e25\u683c\u79cd\u65cf\u5206\u7c7b\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002[8]\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u6559\u6388Laurence Tribe\u66fe\u662f\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u3002\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u57281960\u5e74\u4ee3\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5bf9\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5\u4e0e\u5e7b\u706d\uff0c\u800c40\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u8eab\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u65b0\u5e0c\u671b\u3002[9]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5de6\u7ffc\u520a\u7269\u300a\u5f02\u8bae\u300b\u5728\u5927\u9009\u7ed3\u675f\u4e0d\u4e45\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e13\u9898\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5341\u591a\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u53d1\u8868\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002[10]\u8457\u540d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u3002\u6cf0\u52d2\u5206\u4eab\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6b22\u5e86\u559c\u60a6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e4b\u7cbe\u534e\u88ab\u6c11\u4e3b\u624b\u6bb5\u6240\u638f\u7a7a\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u6050\u6016\u5c40\u9762\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u544a\u8beb\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u4e0d\u53ef\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u65b0\u4e8b\u52a1\u8981\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u5176\u53cd\u5bf9\u529b\u91cf\u5c06\u4f1a\u66f4\u4e3a\u7316\u7357\u5730\u4e88\u4ee5\u6297\u62d2\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u9632\u201c\u677e\u61c8\u201d\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u5728\u80dc\u9009\u5f53\u665a\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e4b\u6df1\u610f\u6240\u5728\u3002\u5728Michael Walzer\uff08\u300a\u5f02\u8bae\u300b\u4e3b\u7f16\uff09\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u201c\u9b45\u529b\u578b\u201d\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u62b1\u8d1f\u4ec5\u6709\u9b45\u529b\u662f\u4e0d\u591f\u7684\u3002Walzer\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc9\u6c42\u5177\u6709\u5185\u5728\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4ed6\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u6d3e\u5206\u88c2\u3001\u5021\u5bfc\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5177\u6709\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5de6\u7ffc\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u8feb\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u6fc0\u8fdb\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\uff081930\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\uff09\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8f6c\u578b\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u5de6\u7ffc\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u662f\u5927\u6709\u53ef\u4e3a\u7684\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u8150\u8d25<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb10\u591a\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u8feb\u5207\u3002\u4ee5\u96c4\u539a\u8d44\u91d1\u8d5e\u52a9\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u5766\u666e\u5c14\u987f\uff08John Templeton\uff09\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u5c06\u5176\u201c\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u201d\uff08The Big Questions\uff09\u7cfb\u5217\u8bba\u575b\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u5e02\u573a\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9080\u8bf713\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u516c\u5171\u4eba\u7269\u5c31\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u4f1a\u4fb5\u8680\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u683c\u5417\uff1f\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u5404\u6292\u5df1\u89c1\uff0c\u6c47\u7f16\u4e3a\u4e00\u90e830\u9875\u7684\u6587\u96c6\u5728\u79cb\u5b63\u53d1\u5e03\u3002[11]\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u53c8\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u4e3e\u529e\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u70ed\u70c8\u7684\u53cd\u54cd\u3002\u5c31\u57fa\u672c\u503e\u5411\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u505a\u4e86\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6709\u6240\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u8fa9\u62a4\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

Bernard-Henri L\u00e9vy\uff08\u6cd5\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u8457\u540d\u516c\u5171\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\uff09\u4ee5\u4ed6\u60ef\u7528\u7684\u66f2\u6298\u7b14\u6cd5\u505a\u51fa\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u4ee5\u91d1\u94b1\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u514d\u9664\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u8d2a\u5a6a\u6240\u652f\u914d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4f1a\u8d25\u574f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u90fd\u8868\u8fbe\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u8f6c\u800c\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8b66\u89c9\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u8bba\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8981\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\uff08\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\uff09\u5c06\u201c\u5e02\u573a\u5c31\u662f\u5e76\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u201d\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u7406\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e02\u573a\u662f\u8150\u8d25\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5404\u79cd\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u4e5f\u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u8150\u8d25\u7684\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8150\u8d25\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7\u5426\u5b9a\u5e02\u573a\u800c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u5219\u660e\u663e\u5730\u66f4\u4e3a\u6df1\u91cd\u548c\u81f4\u547d\u3001\u66f4\u52a0\u65e0\u53ef\u633d\u56de\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0e\u8150\u8d25\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u5e76\u4e0d\u4fb5\u8680\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u4f1a\u5f3a\u5316\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u9632\u536b\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u670d\u4ece\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u62d2\u7edd\u90a3\u79cd\u4e0d\u53d7\u9a6f\u670d\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

Jagdish Bhagwati\uff08\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff09\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u575a\u5b9a\u8fa9\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u8d22\u5bcc\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u4f26\u7406\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u589e\u8fdb\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u683c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u8d2b\u56f0\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u4f26\u7406\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5728\u7537\u5973\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u513f\u7ae5\u5c31\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c76\u5ddd\u5927\u5730\u9707\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4f8b\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5728\u539f\u672c\u9065\u8fdc\u800c\u964c\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u611f\u60c5\u7ebd\u5e26\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5f7c\u6b64\u5173\u6000\u548c\u540c\u60c5\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

John Gray\uff08\u4f26\u6566\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u9662\u8363\u4f11\u6559\u6388\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4fb5\u8680\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u589e\u8fdb\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u62e9\uff09\u3002\u5728\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u5229\u5f0a\u5224\u65ad\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bf9\u201c\u826f\u5584\u751f\u6d3b\u201d\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u3002Gray\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u80fd\u591f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u7406\u60f3\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u6bd4\u8f83\u5404\u79cd\u73b0\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u6240\u5f20\u626c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u683c\u5404\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u5b58\u5728\u9053\u5fb7\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5176\u5b83\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u80fd\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u5730\u74e6\u89e3\u4e86\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u4e2d\u592e\u8ba1\u5212\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u6289\u62e9\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u5e02\u573a\u4e0e\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u3002\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u80fd\u7f6e\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\u4e8e\u4e0d\u987e\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u65c5\u7f8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u4f55\u6e05\u6d9f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5931\u8d25\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u707e\u96be\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u9053\u5fb7\u7f3a\u9677\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5e02\u573a\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e0e\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u4f26\u7406\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u7ecf\u6d4e\u884c\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e94\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8bc4\u5224\u6df7\u540c\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8bc4\u5224\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5206\u6790\u5e02\u573a\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u800c\u76ee\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u9053\u5fb7\u5316\u503e\u5411\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u89c4\u5219\u672c\u8eab\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

Michael Walzer\uff08\u8457\u540d\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u9ad8\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7ec8\u8eab\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u89c6\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e3a\u6b64\u8fa9\u89e3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fb5\u8680\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u683c\uff08\u4ece\u201c\u6c34\u95e8\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u5230\u201c\u5b89\u7136\u516c\u53f8\u4e11\u95fb\u201d\u90fd\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u7ade\u4e89\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u53cb\u8c0a\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u548c\u56e2\u7ed3\u7b49\u7f8e\u5fb7\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ade\u4e89\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u6392\u9664\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7ade\u4e89\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u516c\u5171\u751f\u6d3b\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5236\u6b62\u4e86\u6700\u6076\u6027\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u7cbe\u82f1\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u8b66\u89c9\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7684\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u8fdd\u89c4\u884c\u4e3a\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e02\u573a\u884c\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u50b2\u6162\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6240\u6b32\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u53d7\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6743\u529b\uff08\u6b63\u5982\u963f\u514b\u987f\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff09\u5f53\u7136\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6781\u5ea6\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

1968\u6fc0\u8fdb\u8fd0\u52a8\uff1a40\u5468\u5e74\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4e0e\u53cd\u601d<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u662f\u6fc0\u8fdb\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u53cd\u53db\u7684\u72c2\u98d9\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u65b0\u5de6\u7ffc\u8fd0\u52a8\u57281968\u5e74\u8fbe\u5230\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u8d70\u5411\u8870\u843d\u3002\u572840\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6b27\u7f8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u4e0e\u4f20\u5a92\u5bf91968\u5e74\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6d3b\u52a8\u518d\u5ea6\u6d3b\u8dc3\u3002BBC\u7b2c\u56db\u53f0\u63a8\u51fa\u7cfb\u5217\u7eaa\u5f55\u7247\uff0c\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u8ba8\u8bba1968\u5e74\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002[12]\u5176\u4e2d4\u670830\u65e5\u64ad\u51fa\u7684\u300a1968\uff1a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8d70\u4e0a\u8857\u5934\u300b\uff081968\uff1a Philosophy in the Streets\uff09\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e86Alain Badiou\u3001&Eacute\uff1btienne Balibar\u3001Simon Critchley\u548cSlavoj Zizek\u7b49\u8457\u540d\u5de6\u7ffc\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u56de\u987e\u201c\u4e94\u6708\u98ce\u66b4\u201d\u671f\u95f4\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u8d70\u51fa\u8c61\u7259\u5854\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u9769\u547d\u7684\u98ce\u6f6e\u4ece\u5df4\u9ece\u4f20\u5411\u4e16\u754c\u30026\u670819-22\u65e5\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u201c2008\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u4f1a\u201d\uff08Socialism 2008\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\u70ed\u70c8\u8ba8\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u7ee7\u627f1968\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5371\u673a\u4e2d\u590d\u5174\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002[13]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

2008\u5e74\u6625\u5b63\u53f7\u7684\u300a\u5f02\u8bae\u300b\u63a8\u51fa\u201c1968\u4e13\u9898\u8ba8\u8bba\u201d[14]\uff0c\u9080\u8bf710\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u5de6\u7ffc\u4f5c\u5bb6\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u63a2\u8ba81968\u5e74\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u3002Robin Blackburn\uff08\u300a\u65b0\u5de6\u6d3e\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u524d\u4e3b\u7f16\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u6821\u6559\u6388\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u867d\u7136\u906d\u5230\u632b\u8d25\uff0c\u4f46\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u83b7\u80dc\u7684\u53cd\u52a8\u52bf\u529b\uff08\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u3001\u5c3c\u514b\u677e\u548c\u52c3\u5217\u65e5\u6d85\u592b\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u884c\u5c38\u8d70\u8089\u3002\u800c\u201c\u53d8\u9769\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u89c9\u9192\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a1968\u5e74\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9057\u4ea7\u7559\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u4e0e40\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u5e74\u9ad8\u558a\u7684\u201c\u9769\u547d\u201d\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u53d8\u9769\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4eca\u5929\u547c\u547c\u201c\u53d8\u9769\u201d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6b63\u4e49\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u5dc5\u3002Michael Kazin\uff08\u4e54\u6cbb\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd68\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u5de6\u7ffc\u529b\u91cf\u57fa\u672c\u638c\u63a7\u4e86\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u548c\u5927\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e24\u5927\u5821\u5792\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u548c\u4f20\u5a92\uff0c\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5927\u9009\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f71\u54cd\u3002Mitchell Cohen\uff08\u300a\u5f02\u8bae\u300b\u5171\u540c\u4e3b\u7f16\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8fd0\u52a8\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5f53\u4ee3\u5de6\u7ffc\u8981\u5b66\u7740\u540c\u65f6\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u516d\u516b\u5e74\u4e00\u4ee3\u201d\u548c\u201c\u59a5\u534f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u6d3e\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7ed3\u5408\u6297\u8bae\u6027\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u6765\u63a8\u52a8\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002Michael Walzer\uff08\u300a\u5f02\u8bae\u300b\u5171\u540c\u4e3b\u7f16\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5de6\u6d3e\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u4e0e40\u5e74\u524d\u9762\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u575a\u6301\u53cd\u6f6e\u6d41\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u4f17\u4fdd\u6301\u8054\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6218\u7565\u662f\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u653f\u7b56\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800cRalf Fuecks\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\u7eff\u515a\u524d\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u7740\u624b\u5207\u5b9e\u6539\u5584\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f1968\u5e74\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9057\u4ea7\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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\u7f8e\u5229\u575a\u5927\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u6559\u6388Naomi S. Baron\u7684\u300a\u603b\u662f\u5f00\u7740\uff1a\u5728\u7ebf\u4e0e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u300b[15]\uff0c\u4ee5\u957f\u8fbe\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u77ed\u4fe1\u6587\u4f53\u5bf9\u4e66\u5199\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u3002\u6570\u7801\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u89c4\u8303\u201c\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\u201d\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u5b66\u751f\u5199\u4f5c\u6b63\u89c4\u6587\u672c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u4ee5\u201c\u865a\u62df\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u4ee3\u66ff\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u53d8\u5f97\u9694\u7edd\u3001\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u3002\u800c\u6700\u6709\u5371\u5bb3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u603b\u662f\u5f00\u7740\u201d\uff08\u5404\u79cd\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\u800c\u540c\u65f6\u5206\u5fc3\u5fd9\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u4e00\u5fc3\u591a\u7528\u201d\u4e60\u60ef\u51cf\u4f4e\u4e86\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u53cd\u7701\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u54c1\u8d28\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u544a\u8beb\u662f\uff0c\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u201c\u5173\u6389\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u603b\u662f\u201c\u5f00\u7740\u201d\u3002\u77e5\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6Nicholas Carr\u7684\u300a\u5927\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a\u8054\u7ebf\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4ece\u7231\u8fea\u751f\u5230\u8c37\u6b4c\u300b[16]\u662f\u4eca\u5e74\u300a\u534e\u5c14\u8857\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u8bc4\u9009\u7684\u7545\u9500\u4e66\uff0c\u300a\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u300b\u6708\u520a\u4ee5\u201c\u5c01\u9762\u6545\u4e8b\u201d\u63a8\u8350\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u8c37\u6b4c\u6b63\u5728\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53d8\u5f97\u611a\u8822\u5417\uff1f\u300b[17].Carr\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6280\u672f\u9769\u547d\u90fd\u5bf9\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u51b2\u51fb\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6b63\u5728\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u8111\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u5e03\u7ebf\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u9002\u4e8e\u201c\u5feb\u901f\u6d4f\u89c8\u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u4e13\u6ce8\uff08\u8ba4\u771f\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u542c\u8bb2\u6216\u5199\u4f5c\u957f\u6587\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u201c\u8c37\u6b4c\u201d\u4e2d\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u4e13\u6ce8\u548c\u6c89\u601d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u8010\u5fc3\u8bfb\u5b8c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u957f\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002Emory\u5927\u5b66\u82f1\u8bed\u6559\u6388Mark 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Hofstadter\u57281963\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u667a\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u3002Jacoby\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f53\u4eca\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u53cd\u667a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u53f2\u65e0\u524d\u4f8b\u7684\u9ad8\u5cf0\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5bf9\u65e0\u77e5\u6beb\u65e0\u7f9e\u803b\u611f\uff0c\u5e76\u5b8c\u5168\u6f20\u89c6\u7406\u6027\u548c\u5ba2\u89c2\u771f\u7406\u3002\u5979\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6279\u5224\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5eb8\u4fd7\u5316\u7684\u5927\u4f17\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8ffd\u9010\u660e\u661f\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\uff0c\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5b66\u6c34\u51c6\u7684\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ee5\u53ca\u9053\u5fb7\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u53cd\u667a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u5316\u8d77\u5230\u7684\u63a8\u6ce2\u52a9\u6f9c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u9ad8\u6559\u7eaa\u4e8b\u300b\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u957f\u7bc7\u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u8bba\u611a\u8822\u300b[20].\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6280\u672f\u9769\u547d\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e27\u5931\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u201c\u6570\u7801\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u201d\u6b63\u5728\u9002\u5e94\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u6587\u5316\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8bb8\u591a\u56f0\u6270\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\uff09\u6765\u5bf9\u6297\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8870\u8d25\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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\u8fd1\u4e24\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u300a\u72b9\u5927\u798f\u97f3\u300b\uff08The Gospel of Judas\uff09\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u9610\u91ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u754c\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u754c\u548c\u516c\u4f17\u5f53\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e5f\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u70ed\u70c8\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u30022008\u5e745\u6708\u300a\u9ad8\u6559\u7eaa\u4e8b\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u957f\u7bc7\u91c7\u8bbf\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u62ab\u9732\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u300a\u72b9\u5927\u798f\u97f3\u300b\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u3002[21]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

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2008\u5e74\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u91cd\u8981\u5956\u9879<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u56fe\u4e66\u998612\u67083\u65e5\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u3002\u5e03\u6717\uff08Peter Robert Lamont Brown\uff09\u548c\u7f57\u7c73\u62c9\u3002\u5854\u5e15\uff08Romila Thapar\uff09\u5171\u540c\u83b7\u5f972008\u5e74\u201c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u3002\u514b\u9c81\u683c\u4eba\u6587\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7ec8\u8eab\u6210\u5c31\u5956\u201d\uff08John W. Kluge Prize for Lifetime Achievement in the Humanities and Social Sciences\uff09\u3002[22]\u5e03\u67171935\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u7231\u5c14\u5170\uff0c\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u662f\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u548c\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u80fd\u9605\u8bfb15\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u65e9\u5e74\u53d7\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u5e74\u9274\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u9614\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u665a\u671f\u53e4\u4ee3\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u4e66\u5199\u4e86\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u4e16\u754c2\u4e16\u7eaa\u523011\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u5728\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u5730\u5185\u5916\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u5854\u5e15\u73b0\u5e7477\u5c81\uff0c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\uff08Jawaharlal Nehru University\uff09\u53e4\u5370\u5ea6\u53f2\u7684\u8363\u4f11\u6559\u6388\u3002\u5979\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec6\u81f4\u8003\u5bdf\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u63a2\u5bfb\u5176\u5386\u53f2\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f00\u8f9f\u51fa\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u66f4\u4e3a\u591a\u5143\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6bd5\u751f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u7684\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u3002\u6bd4\u6797\u987f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5e03\u6717\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u6700\u5177\u6587\u5b66\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u628a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u95f4\u4e00\u4e9b\u9c9c\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u5730\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u524d\u2026\u2026\u3002\u5854\u5e15\u5219\u8fd0\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8fdc\u53e4\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7740\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4f20\u7edf\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\u548c\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u201d\u514b\u9c81\u683c\u5956\u4e8e2003\u5e74\u521b\u7acb\uff0c\u7531\u6148\u5584\u5bb6\u7ea6\u7ff0\u3002\u514b\u9c81\u683c\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8bc4\u5ba1\u3002\u8be5\u5956\u4e13\u95e8\u9488\u5bf9\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u6ca1\u6709\u6db5\u76d6\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5e76\u671f\u671b\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u4e0e\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5e03\u6717\u548c\u5854\u5e15\u662f\u514b\u9c81\u683c\u5956\u7684\u7b2c\u516d\u548c\u7b2c\u4e03\u540d\u83b7\u5956\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u4eab\u4e86100\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5956\u91d1\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

2008\u5e74\u5ea6\u5766\u666e\u5c14\u987f\u5956\uff08Templeton Prize\uff09\u6388\u4e8872\u5c81\u7684\u6ce2\u5170\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ca\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7267\u5e08\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u3002\u6d77\u52d2\uff08Michael Heller\uff09\u3002[23]\u517c\u5177\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\u53cc\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u6d77\u52d2\u63d0\u51fa\u5e76\u59cb\u7ec8\u5173\u5207\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u5b87\u5b99\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u5177\u6709\u6db5\u4e49\uff1f\u5728\u517630\u90e8\u8bba\u8457\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u79d1\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u83b7\u5f97\u5145\u5206\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d77\u52d2\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5c0f\u7ea6\u7ff0\u3002\u5766\u666e\u5c14\u987f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u795e\u5b66\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u9886\u57df\u80fd\u591f\u5f7c\u6b64\u5173\u8054\uff1b\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u4e30\u7855\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u9020\u6210\u4e1d\u6beb\u7834\u574f\u3002\u201d\u6d77\u52d2\u83b7\u5f97\u4e8682\u4e07\u82f1\u9551\uff08\u7ea6160\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u7684\u5956\u91d1\u3002\u6b64\u5956\u662f\u7531\u7ea6\u7ff0\u3002\u5766\u666e\u5c14\u987f\uff08John Templeton\uff09\u4e8e1972\u5e74\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u9f13\u52b1\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u4eba\u5bf9\u795e\u6027\u7684\u611f\u77e5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u7231\u3001\u521b\u9020\u6027\u3001\u667a\u6167\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u7b49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u53bb\u5e74\u7684\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u3002\u6cf0\u52d2\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

2008\u5e74\u5ea6\u970d\u5c14\u5821\u56fd\u9645\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5956\uff08Holberg International Memorial Prize\uff09\u6388\u4e88\u7f8e\u56fd\u675c\u514b\u5927\u5b66\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u5f17\u83b1\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u3002\u8a79\u59c6\u900a\uff08Fredric R. Jameson\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97450\u4e07\u632a\u5a01\u514b\u6717\uff08\u7ea675\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u7684\u5956\u91d1\u3002[24]\u9881\u5956\u8f9e\u8d5e\u8a89\u4ed6\u201c\u5bf9\u7406\u89e3\u793e\u4f1a\u6784\u6210\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u201d\u3002\u8a79\u59c6\u900a\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u548c\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u6240\u719f\u77e5\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8457\u4f5c\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6587\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u5316\u6279\u5224\u3001\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u970d\u5c14\u5821\u5956\u662f\u632a\u5a01\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e8e2003\u5e74\u521b\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u6388\u4e88\u6bcf\u5e74\u5728\u4eba\u6587\u3001\u793e\u79d1\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u6210\u5c31\u6700\u4e3a\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u6731\u8389\u5a05\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5a03\uff082004\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u5c24\u5c14\u6839\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\uff082005\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u820d\u7a46\u5c14\u3002\u827e\u68ee\u65af\u5854\u7279\u548c\u7f57\u7eb3\u5fb7\u3002\u5fb7\u6c83\u91d1\uff082007\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

2008\u5e74\u8f9e\u4e16\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u4e0e\u4f5c\u5bb6<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u826f\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u6587\u5b66\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u3002\u7d22\u5c14\u4ec1\u5c3c\u7434\uff08Alexander Solzhenitsyn\uff09\u4e8e2008\u5e748\u67083\u65e5\u8f9e\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7489\u5c81\u3002\u4ece\u300a\u4f0a\u51e1\u3002\u6770\u5c3c\u7d22\u7ef4\u5947\u7684\u4e00\u5929\u300b\u5230\u300a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5708\u300b\u3001\u300a\u764c\u75c7\u75c5\u623f\u300b\u5230\u60ca\u4e16\u4e4b\u4f5c\u300a\u53e4\u62c9\u683c\u7fa4\u5c9b\u300b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u59cb\u7ec8\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u89c1\u7684\u4f5c\u5bb6\u63ed\u9732\u548c\u62a8\u51fb\u4e86\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5927\u534a\u751f\u90fd\u6d41\u4ea1\u5f02\u4e61\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u7d22\u5c14\u4ec1\u5c3c\u7434\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bb0\u5f55\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u8457\u4e66\u300a\u7ea2\u8f6e\u300b\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u4ed6\u5fc3\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e76\u975e\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5316\u8eab\u3002\u57281978\u5e74\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u5178\u793c\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7cbe\u795e\u4e4b\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u4e88\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u6b63\u5728\u4e27\u5931\u52c7\u6c14\u548c\u521a\u6bc5\uff0c\u800c\u9677\u4e8e\u9119\u4fd7\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\u6ce5\u6cbc\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e75\u5c81\u7684\u9ad8\u9f84\u56de\u5230\u7956\u56fd\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff1b2007\u5e74\u4e0e\u666e\u4eac\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8054\u90a6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5956\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

2008\u5e742\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u5a01\u5ec9\u3002\u5df4\u514b\u5229\uff08William F. Buckley\uff09\u75c5\u901d\uff0c\u7ec8\u5e7482\u5c81\u30021951\u5e74\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec525\u5c81\u65f6\u7684\u5df4\u514b\u5229\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u4f17\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u5728\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5efa\u6821250\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\u53d1\u8868\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0e\u8036\u9c81\u4eba\u300b\uff08God and Man at Yale\uff09\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6bcd\u6821\u5df2\u7ecf\u80cc\u79bb\u5176\u6700\u521d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u4e00\u65f6\u6fc0\u8d77\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u7684\u70ed\u70c8\u8fa9\u8bba\u30021955\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\uff08National Review\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u4e3a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u9547\u3002\u5df4\u514b\u5229\u4e3b\u5f20\u5c06\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u653e\u4efb\u653f\u7b56\u53ca\u201c\u53cd\/\u5171\/\u4ea7\/\u4e3b\/\u4e49\u201d\u76f8\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ee5\u524d\u603b\u7edf\u91cc\u6839\u7b49\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u30021991\u5e74\uff0c\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u5c06\u603b\u7edf\u81ea\u7531\u52cb\u7ae0\u6388\u4e88\u5df4\u514b\u5229\u30022004\u5e74\uff0c\u5df4\u514b\u5229\u6307\u51fa\u65b0\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u201c\u9ad8\u4f30\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u4e0e\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u201d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u6cd5\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u5de8\u5320\u963f\u5170\u3002\u7f57\u4f2f\uff0d\u683c\u91cc\u8036\uff08Alain Robbe-Grillet\uff09\u4e8e2\u670818\u65e5\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7485\u5c81\u3002\u7f57\u4f2f\uff0d\u683c\u91cc\u8036\u8457\u6709\u300a\u6a61\u76ae\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7aa5\u89c6\u8005\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5ac9\u5992\u300b\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u201c\u975e\u6b63\u7edf\u53d9\u4e8b\u201d\u95fb\u540d\u4e8e\u4e16\uff0c\u88ab\u516c\u8ba4\u4e3a1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u201c\u65b0\u5c0f\u8bf4\u6d3e\u201d\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5267\u672c\u521b\u4f5c\u300a\u53bb\u5e74\u5728\u9a6c\u91cc\u6602\u5df4\u5fb7\u300b\u7531\u6cd5\u56fd\u65b0\u6d6a\u6f6e\u5927\u5e08\u963f\u4f26\u3002\u96f7\u5948\u62cd\u6210\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u5965\u65af\u5361\u6700\u4f73\u539f\u521b\u5267\u672c\u5956\u63d0\u540d\u548c\u5a01\u5c3c\u65af\u7535\u5f71\u8282\u91d1\u72ee\u5956\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u683c\u91cc\u8036\u4eb2\u81ea\u6267\u5bfc\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u6709\u300a\u4e0d\u673d\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6492\u8c0e\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u300b\u7b49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u7ea6\u7ff0\u3002\u83b1\u6602\u7eb3\u5fb7\uff08John Leonard\uff09\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u5f71\u89c6\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u8bc4\u8bba\u4eba\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u8bc4\u8bba\u7ec8\u8eab\u6210\u5c31\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\uff0c11\u67085\u65e5\u75c5\u901d\uff0c\u7ec8\u5e7469\u5c81\u3002\u83b1\u6602\u7eb3\u5fb7\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u4e66\u8bc4\u300b\u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c\u4e3a\u300a\u65b0\u5171\u548c\u300b\u3001\u300a\u534e\u76db\u987f\u90ae\u62a5\u300b\u7b49\u62a5\u520a\u64b0\u7a3f\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u9996\u4f4d\u5411\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f15\u4ecb\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u6258\u59ae\u3002\u83ab\u91cc\u68ee\u548c\u52a0\u5e03\u91cc\u57c3\u5c14\u3002\u9a6c\u594e\u65af\u7684\u4e66\u8bc4\u4eba\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

12\u670824\u65e5\u5723\u8bde\u524d\u591c\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u5bb6\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u3002\u4ea8\u5ef7\u987f\uff08Samuel P. Huntington\uff09\u4e0e\u4e16\u957f\u8f9e\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7481\u5c81\u3002\u4ea8\u5ef7\u987f\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u51fa\u751f\uff0c16\u5c81\u8003\u5165\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\uff0c1951\u5e74\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u4e0d\u523024\u5c81\uff09\u3002\u4ece1950\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u7cfb\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u76f4\u52302007\u5e74\u8363\u4f11\u3002\u4ea8\u5ef7\u987f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u53d1\u5c55\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u4e8617\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u548c90\u591a\u7bc7\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u300a\u53d8\u5316\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u300b\uff081968\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u300a\u96be\u4ee5\u6289\u62e9\uff1a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u53c2\u4e0e\u300b\uff081976\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u300a\u7b2c\u4e09\u6ce2\uff1a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u665a\u671f\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u300b\uff081991\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u300a\u6587\u660e\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u91cd\u5efa\u300b\uff081996\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u8c01\uff1f\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u6311\u6218\u300b\uff082004\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u8ff0\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f15\u7528\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u8bb8\u591a\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u540c\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u54c8\u7f57\u5fb7\u3002\u54c1\u7279\uff08Harold Pinter\uff09\u56e0\u60a3\u764c\u75c7\u901d\u4e16\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7478\u5c81\u3002\u54c1\u7279\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u7ee7\u8427\u4f2f\u7eb3\u4e4b\u540e\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5267\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u6df1\u53d7\u8d1d\u514b\u7279\u548c\u5c24\u5948\u65af\u5e93\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u662f\u8352\u8bde\u6d3e\u620f\u5267\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u65e9\u5e74\u66fe\u5c31\u8bfb\u7687\u5bb6\u827a\u672f\u620f\u5267\u5b66\u9662\uff0c27\u5c81\u65f6\u53d1\u8868\u5904\u5973\u4f5c\u300a\u623f\u95f4\u300b\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u751f\u65e5\u805a\u4f1a\u300b\u3001\u300a\u770b\u95e8\u4eba\u300b\u3001\u300a\u60c5\u4eba\u300b\u3001\u300a\u56de\u4e61\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7535\u5f71\u5267\u4f5c\u300a\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e2d\u5c09\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u300b\u7b49\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u72ec\u521b\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u201c\u54c1\u7279\u5f0f\u98ce\u683c\u201d\uff08Pinteresque\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u88ab\u6536\u5165\u6b63\u89c4\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u5178\u3002\u745e\u5178\u7687\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b66\u96622005\u5e74\u6388\u4e88\u54c1\u7279\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u6587\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u5728\u9881\u5956\u516c\u544a\u4e2d\u8d5e\u8a89\u201c\u4ed6\u7684\u620f\u5267\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u5e9f\u8bdd\u63a9\u76d6\u4e0b\u7684\u60ca\u5fc3\u52a8\u9b44\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u5f3a\u884c\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u538b\u6291\u8005\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u623f\u95f4\u201d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u300c\u6ce8\u91ca\u300d<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[1] Joseph E. Stiglitz\uff0c \\”The End of Neo-liberalism\uff1f\\” \uff08<\/FONT>http:\/\/www.project-syndicate.org\/commentary\/stiglitz101<\/FONT><\/A>\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[2] Jacob Weisberg\uff0c \\”The End of Libertarianism\uff0c\\” Newsweek \uff0828 October 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[3] Richard A. Epstein\uff0c \\”The Libertarian\uff1a Strident and Wrong\uff0c\\” Forbes.com \uff0828 October 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[4] Edmund S. Phelps\uff0c \\”Does Capitalism Have a Future\uff1f\uff0c\\” The Guatemala Times \uff0821 December 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[5] \\”Life after Bankruptcy\uff0c\\” interview conducted by Thomas Assheuer\uff0c the English translation by Ciaran Cronin \uff08<\/FONT>http:\/\/www.signandsight.com\/features\/1798.html<\/FONT><\/A>\uff09\u3002 Originally published as \\”Nach dem Bankrott\\” in Die Zeit \uff086 November 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[6] Roger Cohen\uff0c \\”Perfecting the Union\uff0c\\” The New York Times \uff085 November 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[7] Alan Wolfe\uff0c \\”Dixie Shtick\uff0c\\” The New Republic \uff0819 November 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[8] Marie Arana\uff0c \\”He\\’s Not Black\uff0c\\” The Washington Post \uff0830 November 2008\uff09\uff1b B01.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[9] Laurence H. Tribe\uff0c \\”Morning-After Pride\uff0c\\” Forbes \uff085 November 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[10] \\”The Day After\uff0c\\” Dissent Up Front Online Argument and Commentary \uff08<\/FONT>http:\/\/dissentmagazine.org<\/FONT><\/A>\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[11] \\”Does the Free Market Corrode Moral Character\uff1f Thirteen Views on the Question\\” \uff08John Templeton Foundation\uff0c <\/FONT>www.templeton.org<\/FONT><\/A>\uff0c Autumn 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[12] \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u5217\u5305\u62ec\uff1a1968\uff1a It\\’s Not Just about the Music\uff1b 1968\uff1a Day by Day\uff1b 1968\uff1a Day by Day Omnibus\uff1b 1968\uff1a Notes from the Underground\uff1b 1968\uff1a Philosophy in the Streets\uff1b 1968\uff1a Rivers of Blood\uff1b 1968\uff1a Sex\uff0c Telly and Britain\uff1b 1968\uff1a The Sixty-Eighters at Sixty\uff1b 1968\uff1a The Year of Revolutions\u7b49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[13] <\/FONT>http:\/\/www.socialismconference.org\/<\/FONT><\/A>\uff1a \\”Socialism 2008\uff1a A Weekend of Revolutionary Politics\uff0c Debate and Discussion.\\”<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[14] \\”Symposium 1968\uff1a Lessons Learned\uff0c\\” Dissent \uff08Spring 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[15] Naomi S. Baron\uff0c Always On\uff1a Language in an Online and Mobile World \uff08Oxford University Press\uff0c 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[16] Nicholas Carr\uff0c The Big Switch\uff1a Rewiring the World\uff0c From Edison to Google \uff08W. W. Norton\uff0c 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[17] Nicholas Carr\uff0c \\”From Is Google Making Us Stupid\uff1f\uff0c\\” The Atlantic \uff08July-August 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[18] Mark Bauerlein\uff0c The Dumbest Generation\uff1a How the Digital Age Stupefies Young Americans and Jeopardizes Our Future\uff0c or Don\\’t Trust Anyone Under 30 \uff08Tarcher\/Penguin\uff0c 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[19] Susan Jacoby\uff0c The Age of American Unreason \uff08Pantheon\uff0c 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[20] Thomas H. Benton\uff0c \\”On Stupidity\uff0c\\” The Chronicle of Higher Education \uff081 August\uff0c 5 September 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[21] Thomas Bartlett\uff0c \\”The Betrayal of Judas\uff0c\\” The Chronicle of Higher Education \uff0830 May 2008\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[22] <\/FONT>http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/today\/pr\/2008\/08-225.html<\/FONT><\/A>.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[23] <\/FONT>http:\/\/www.templetonprize.org\/news.html<\/FONT><\/A>.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[24] <\/FONT>http:\/\/www.holbergprisen.no\/HP_prisen\/en_hp_2008_jameson.html<\/FONT><\/A>.<\/FONT><\/P>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u4e0b\u7684\u65b0\u201c\u7ec8\u7ed3\u8bba\u201d 2008\u5e74\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u5982\u6d77\u5578\u822c\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u6ce2\u53ca\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u601d\u60f3\u754c\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u65b0\u7684 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-thought","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8209"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8209\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8209"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}