{"id":83597,"date":"2018-06-04T01:58:00","date_gmt":"2018-06-04T01:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=83597 "},"modified":"2018-06-04T01:58:00","modified_gmt":"2018-06-04T01:58:00","slug":"83597-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=83597","title":{"rendered":"\u5f20\u667a\u658c\uff1a\u4ece\u201c\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6587\u9769\u201d \u5230\u201c\u516d\u56db\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5929\u9e45\u7ed2\u9769\u547d\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u9762\u5b54\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\uff08“\u300a\u96f6\u516b\u5baa\u7ae0\u300b\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff1a\u77e5\u884c\u5408\u4e00”\u5f81\u6587\uff09<\/span>

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\"201861å¸\u0083æ\u008b\u0089æ ¼ä¹\u008bæ\u0098¥.jpg<\/span><\/p>

1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u9752\u5e74\u6297\u8bae\u82cf\u8054\u6b66\u88c5\u5165\u4fb5\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u56fe\u7247\uff09<\/span><\/p>

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\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u811a\u5370\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5272\u88c2\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u5b64\u7acb\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/span> \u6628\u5929\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u601d\u8003\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u662f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u548c\u603b<\/span> \u7ed3\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u523b\u90fd\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/span><\/p>

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\u4e00<\/span>

1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>1<\/span>\u6708<\/span>5<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927<\/span>·<\/span>\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\uff08<\/span>Alexander Dub\u010dek<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1921<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>27<\/span>\u65e5\uff0d<\/span>1992<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>7<\/span>\u65e5\uff09\u51fa\u4efb\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u56fd\u5185\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u7531\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u4e00\u4e0a\u4efb\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Socialism with a Human Face<\/span>\uff09\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5374\u6210\u4e86\u5f53\u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u8fd9\u4f4d\u56fd\u9645\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9635\u8425\u8001\u5927\u54e5\u7684\u5fc3\u5934\u4e4b\u60a3\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u8be5\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>20<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u53ca\u5176\u534e\u7ea6\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u6b66\u88c5\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4b\u4e0b\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u544a\u7ec8\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u4e1c\u6b27\u51b7\u6218\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e0e<\/span>1953<\/span>\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e1c\u5fb7<\/span>“<\/span>\u516d\u4e00\u4e03\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Uprising of 1953 in East Germany<\/span>\uff09\u3001<\/span>1956<\/span>\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229<\/span>“<\/span>\u5341\u6708\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Hungarian Revolution of 1956<\/span>\uff09\u540c\u6837\u9f50\u540d\u3001\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u6781\u5176\u534e\u7ea6\u6b66\u88c5\u529b\u91cf\u51fa\u52a8\u5766\u514b\u9547\u538b\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Prague Spring<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4eca\u5e74\u6070\u9022<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u53d1\u751f\u4e94\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff0c\u5374\u9c9c\u6709\u6d77\u5185\u5916\u534e\u6587\u5a92\u4f53\u518d\u63d0\u53ca\u6b64\u4e8b\u3002\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b97\u9065\u8fdc\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u660e\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5f81\u9014\u4e2d\u5306\u5306\u8270\u96be\u524d\u884c\u7684\u95f4\u9699\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5076\u5c14\u505c\u4e0b\u811a\u6b65\u56de\u7738\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u66fe\u7ecf\u8d70\u8fc7\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u56de\u5fc6\u3001\u601d\u7d22\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u5386\u53f2\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9762\u5bf9\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u4e2a\u591a\u6781\u6027\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u80f6\u7740\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u6587\u660e\u5f98\u5f8a\u548c\u51b7\u6218\u601d\u7ef4\u56de\u6f6e\u7684\u7eb7\u7e41\u65f6\u4ee3\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u8f7b\u6613\u5fd8\u8bb0\u7684\u3002<\/span>

2018<\/span>\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e8b\u4e4b\u5e74\uff0c\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u7684<\/span>1968<\/span>\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u8fd9\u5e74\u7684<\/span>1<\/span>\u6708<\/span>5<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927<\/span>·<\/span>\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u51fa\u4efb\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u3002\u540c\u5e74<\/span>4<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u6377\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u5168\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u592e\u4e3b\u5e2d\u56e2\u548c\u4e66\u8bb0\u5904\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u5927\u6539\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u6307\u5bfc\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u7684\u300a\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u884c\u52a8\u7eb2\u9886\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fee\u6b63\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u6743\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u6062\u590d\u5728\u5927\u6e05\u6d17\u4e2d\u6b7b\u96be\u8005\u7684\u540d\u8a89\u3001\u7528\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u89e3\u51b3<\/span>“<\/span>\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u95ee\u9898<\/span>”<\/span>\u3001\u52a0\u5f3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u91c7\u7528\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u539f\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\u3001\u653e\u677e\u51fa\u7248\u3001\u827a\u672f\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u5ba1\u67e5\u7ba1\u5236\u3001\u5e76\u5728\u5916\u4ea4\u4e0a\u4fdd\u6301\u540c\u82cf\u8054\u548c\u534e\u7ea6\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u5408\u4f5c\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6539\u9769\u975e\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u524a\u5f31\u3001\u53cd\u800c\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u5f20\u662f\u63a8\u884c<\/span>“<\/span>\u4eba\u9053\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\u3002<\/span>

1948<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>“<\/span>\u4e8c\u6708\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>”<\/span>\u540e\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u6743\u7531\u591a\u515a\u8054\u5408\u6267\u653f\u843d\u5165\u4e86\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u52a0\u5165\u82cf\u8054\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u534e\u6c99\u6761\u7ea6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e92\u52a9\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u4ee5\u82cf\u8054\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u9635\u8425\u4e2d\u3002<\/span>1960<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u6267\u653f\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8d6b\u9b6f\u66c9\u592b\u5728<\/span>1956<\/span>\u5e74\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u82cf\u5171\u4e8c\u5341\u5927\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e86\u79d8\u5bc6\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5bf9\u65af\u5927\u6797\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc\u548c\u6050\u6016\u653f\u7b56\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u6279\u5224\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u51fa\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u6e05\u6d17\u65f6\u671f\u6570\u4ee5\u5343\u4e07\u8ba1\u7684\u4eba\u88ab\u9001\u8fdb\u52b3\u6539\u8425\u548c\u906d\u5230\u5904\u51b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7531\u6b64\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u82cf\u8054\u5b98\u65b9\u8bc1\u5b9e\u800c\u9707\u60ca\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u8b66\u5bdf\u6050\u6016\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u653f\u6cbb\u72af\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd1<\/span>2000<\/span>\u4e07\u4eba\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u540d\u8a89\u3002\u5728<\/span>60<\/span>\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u5b89\u4e1c\u5b81<\/span>·<\/span>\u8bfa\u6c83\u63d0\u5c3c\uff08<\/span>Antonín Novotný<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1904<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>10<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>—1975<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>1<\/span>\u6708<\/span>28<\/span>\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u51a4\u5047\u9519\u6848\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u515a\u5185\u5916\u7684\u6307\u8d23\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u5173\u62bc\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u72af\u3002<\/span>1964<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u52c3\u5217\u65e5\u6d85\u592b\u4e0a\u53f0\u3002\u5728\u8d6b\u9b6f\u66c9\u592b\u65f6\u671f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6b63\u8d70\u5411\u9f0e\u76db\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u52c3\u5217\u65e5\u6d85\u592b\u6267\u653f\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u9762\u7ed3\u675f\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u65f6\u671f\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u53bb\u65af\u5927\u6797\u5316<\/span>”<\/span>\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u91cd\u5851\u4e2a\u4eba\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u53c8\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u884c\u5bf9\u5916\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u6218\u7565\u91ce\u5fc3\u3002\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u4eba\u6c11\u9762\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6b8b\u9177\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5bf9\u5916\u653f\u6cbb\u6269\u5f20\u53ca\u6e17\u900f\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7518\u613f\u5c48\u670d\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u6050\u6016\u9634\u5f71\u7b3c\u7f69\u4e0b\u7684\u5f3a\u6743\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9762\u79ef\u4e0d\u8db3<\/span>13<\/span>\u4e07\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff08\u6bd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5b89\u5fbd\u7701\u7565\u5c0f\uff09\u3001\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u53e3\u624d\u4e00\u5343\u4e94\u767e\u4f59\u4e07\u7684\u5c0f\u56fd\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218\u524d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u6a21\u5374\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f4d\u5217\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u7f8e\u3001\u82cf\u3001\u5fb7\u3001\u82f1\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u516d\u5927\u5de5\u4e1a\u5f3a\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u50f5\u5316\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u66fe\u7ecf\u5f3a\u52b2\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u88ab\u6467\u6b8b\u5f97\u5931\u53bb\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u56f0\u96be\u91cd\u91cd\u3002<\/span>1967<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u516c\u5f00\u5bf9\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5f53\u5c40\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u5728<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6625\u5bd2\u6599\u5ced\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u8bfa\u6c83\u63d0\u5c3c\u6377\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u5c06\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u6539\u9769\u6210\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u957f\u671f\u906d\u53d7\u7981\u9522\u7684\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/span>

1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>7<\/span>\u6708<\/span>29<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u52c3\u5217\u65e5\u6d85\u592b\u548c\u67ef\u897f\u91d1\uff08<\/span>Alexei Nikolayevich Kosygin<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1904<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>2<\/span>\u6708<\/span>21<\/span>\u65e5\uff0d<\/span>1980<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>18<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u82cf\u8054\u90e8\u957f\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u82cf\u8054\u603b\u7406\uff09\u5e26\u9886\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u82cf\u5171\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u6210\u5458\u6765\u5230\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7684\u4e1c\u5357\u8fb9\u9672\u5c0f\u57ce\u5207\u5c14\u7eb3\uff08<\/span>Cierna<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u7531\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u6377\u5171\u4e3b\u5e2d\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u5206\u6b67\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u95ed\u95e8\u4f1a\u8c08\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u539f\u5b9a\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5ef6\u957f\u5230\u4e09\u5929\u534a\u624d\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u539f\u672c\u5929\u771f\u7684\u4ee5\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\uff08\u82cf\u8054\uff09\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5373\u4fbf\u4e0d\u5728\u773c\u524d\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5a01\u80c1\u5230\uff08\u82cf\u8054\u9635\u8425\u7684\uff09\u5229\u76ca<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\uff0c\u4f1a\u540e\u5374\u7edd\u671b\u7684\u5bf9\u5207\u5c14\u7eb3\u7684\u5e02\u6c11\u611f\u53f9\u9053\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u8c13\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u90a3\u6279\u4eba\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5374\u8fc7\u4e0d\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u90a3\u9053\u5173\u3002<\/span>”

1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>3<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u3001\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u3001\u4e1c\u5fb7\u3001\u6ce2\u5170\u3001\u5308\u7259\u5229\u548c\u4fdd\u52a0\u5229\u4e9a\u5728\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7684\u9996\u5e9c\u5e03\u62c9\u8fea\u65af\u62c9\u53d1\uff08<\/span>Bratislava<\/span>\uff09\u53ec\u5f00\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u88ab\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u53ea\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u4e25\u683c\u5730\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\u524d\u8fdb\u3002\u6377\u5171\u5185\u90e8\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u5065\u5168\u52bf\u529b<\/span>”<\/span>\u5219\u5411\u52c3\u5217\u65e5\u6d85\u592b\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86<\/span>“<\/span>\u8bf7\u6c42\u519b\u4e8b\u652f\u63f4<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e0e<\/span>1953<\/span>\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e1c\u5fb7<\/span>“<\/span>\u516d\u4e00\u4e03\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>”<\/span>\u548c<\/span>1956<\/span>\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229<\/span>“<\/span>\u5341\u6708\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span>”<\/span>\u76f8\u6bd4\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u5f20\u629b\u5f03\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\u8fd8\u662f\u8ba9\u82cf\u5171\u8001\u5927\u54e5\u611f\u5230\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bb9\u5fcd\u3002<\/span>

1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>20<\/span>\u65e5\u6df1\u591c<\/span>11<\/span>\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u67b6\u82cf\u8054\u6c11\u822a\u5ba2\u673a\u98de\u4e34\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u9c81\u9f50\u6d85\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a\u3010\u6ce8\uff1a\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6377\u514b\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u52a8\u9886\u8896\u548c\u524d\u603b\u7edf\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\uff08<\/span>Václav Havel<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1936<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708<\/span>5<\/span>\u65e5\uff0d<\/span>2011<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>18<\/span>\u65e5\uff09\uff0c<\/span>2012<\/span>\u5e74\u8be5\u673a\u573a\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u573a\u3011\u4e0a\u7a7a\uff0c\u98de\u673a\u53d1\u51fa\u673a\u68b0\u6545\u969c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7d27\u6025\u8feb\u964d\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u673a\u573a\u63a7\u5236\u5854\u53f0\u7684\u822a\u7ba1\u4eba\u5458\u6309\u7167\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u51c6\u8bb8\u964d\u843d\u3002\u4f46\u98de\u673a\u843d\u5730\u540e\uff0c\u51b2\u51fa\u98de\u673a\u673a\u8231\u7684\u5374\u662f\u51e0\u5341\u540d\u5168\u526f\u6b66\u88c5\u3001\u624b\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u6b65\u67aa\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u6b66\u88c5\u7a81\u51fb\u961f\u58eb\u5175\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fc5\u901f\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u673a\u573a\u5854\u53f0\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u5bfc\u7b2c<\/span>103<\/span>\u8fd1\u536b\u7a7a\u964d\u5e08\u7684<\/span>30<\/span>\u67b6\u88c5\u8f7d\u7740\u5766\u514b\u7b49\u91cd\u578b\u6b66\u5668\u88c5\u5907\u7684\u5b89<\/span>-12<\/span>\u519b\u7528\u8fd0\u8f93\u673a\u964d\u843d\u673a\u573a\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u548c\u534e\u7ea6\u519b\u961f\u4e5f\u4ece\u5404\u5904\u8fb9\u5883\u4fb5\u5165\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5883\u5185\uff0c<\/span>20<\/span>\u4e07\u534e\u7ea6\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u548c<\/span>5000<\/span>\u8f86\u5766\u514b\u5728\u4e0d\u5230<\/span>24<\/span>\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4fbf\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u9762\u5bf9\u534e\u7ea6\u5bf9<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u9547\u538b\uff0c\u6e05\u9192\u7684\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u53f7\u53ec\u56fd\u6c11\u91c7\u53d6\u6d88\u6781\u62b5\u6297\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u6b66\u529b\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u547d\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u635f\u5931\u964d\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u9650\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u8fd9\u573a\u539f\u672c\u8bbe\u60f3\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5374\u88ab\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u4ee5\u6beb\u65e0\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u62e9\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u7ec8\u7ed3\u4e86\uff0c\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u9769\u8005\u4e5f\u88ab\u5e26\u5230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u65bd\u884c\u76d1\u7981\u3002<\/span>

“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u7ed9\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a<\/span>50<\/span>\u591a\u4e07\u6377\u5171\u515a\u5458\u906d\u5230\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u4e5f\u4e8e<\/span>1969<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>4<\/span>\u6708<\/span>17<\/span>\u65e5\u88ab\u8feb\u8f9e\u804c\uff0c\u53e4\u65af\u5854\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u80e1\u8428\u514b\uff08<\/span>Gustáv Husák<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1913<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>1<\/span>\u6708<\/span>10<\/span>\u65e5\uff0d<\/span>1991<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>18<\/span>\u65e5\uff09\u4ee3\u66ff\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u65b0\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u3002\u968f\u540e\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u77ed\u6682\u62c5\u4efb\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u9a7b\u571f\u8033\u5176\u5927\u4f7f\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u88ab\u53ec\u56de\u5b89\u6392\u5230\u5e03\u62c9\u8fea\u65af\u62c9\u53d1\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u6240\u4f10\u6728\u5de5\u573a\uff0c\u5728\u79d8\u5bc6\u8b66\u5bdf\u7684\u76d1\u89c6\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u52b3\u52a8<\/span>——<\/span>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8001\u5927\u54e5\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u7684\u3002<\/span>

“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u5728\u5766\u514b\u6b66\u529b\u7684\u538b\u8feb\u4e0b\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u7ffb\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e00\u9875\u3002\u4f46\u662f<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u9057\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u5766\u514b\u548c\u6b66\u529b\u78be\u538b\u6389\u7684\uff1a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7a76\u7adf\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u9762\u5b54\uff1f\u4f9d\u9760\u6b66\u529b\u548c\u6beb\u65e0\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u7ec8\u7ed3<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ed9\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9635\u8425\u81ea\u8eab\u5e26\u6765\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53c8\u7a76\u7adf\u80fd\u591f\u7ef4\u6301\u591a\u4e45\u5462\uff1f<\/span>


<\/span>\u4e8c<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e5f\u662f\u5728<\/span>1968<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd<\/span>“<\/span>\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d<\/span>”<\/span>\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u75af\u72c2\u70ed\u5ea6\u4e1d\u6beb\u6ca1\u6709\u51cf\u9000\u3002\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u906d\u53d7\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u751f\u7075\u6d82\u70ad\u3002<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>

\u6797\u662d\uff08\u5317\u5927\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8df5\u884c\u8005\uff0c\u6587\u9769\u671f\u95f4\u88ab\u8bec\u9677<\/span>“<\/span>\u653b\u51fb\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u7f6a\u3001\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u96c6\u56e2\u7f6a<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>4<\/span>\u6708<\/span>29<\/span>\u65e5\u5728\u72f1\u4e2d\u88ab\u4e0a\u6d77\u5e02\u516c\u68c0\u6cd5\u519b\u4e8b\u7ba1\u5236\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5f53\u4f17\u5ba3\u5224\u6b7b\u5211\uff0c\u540c\u65e5\u5728\u9f99\u534e\u673a\u573a\u6267\u884c\u67aa\u51b3\u3002\u6797\u662d\u88ab\u6355\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u7236\u670d\u836f\u81ea\u6740\uff1b\u5176\u6bcd\u7cbe\u795e\u5931\u5e38\uff0c<\/span>1975<\/span>\u5e74\u6b7b\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77\u5916\u6ee9\uff09\u3001\u738b\u8000\u6b66\uff08\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u6297\u6218\u5c06\u9886\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u548c\u6307\u6325\u8fc7\u6dde\u6caa\u4f1a\u6218\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u4fdd\u536b\u6218\u7b49\u8bb8\u591a\u8457\u540d\u6218\u5f79\uff0c<\/span>“<\/span>\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u52cb\u7ae0<\/span>”<\/span>\u548c<\/span>“<\/span>\u7f8e\u56fd\u91d1\u8d28\u81ea\u7531\u52cb\u7ae0<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u88ab\u6279\u6597\u3001\u6bb4\u6253\u5bfc\u81f4\u5fc3\u810f\u75c5\u53d1\u4f5c\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>7<\/span>\u6708<\/span>3<\/span>\u65e5\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u592b\u4eba\u88ab\u6574\u75af\uff09\u3001\u94b1\u6d77\u5cb3\uff08\u5357\u660e\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c<\/span>1925<\/span>\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u671d\u9633\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u7ecf\u79d1\uff0c\u5e08\u4ece\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u3001\u8f9c\u9e3f\u94ed\u7b49\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74\u88ab\u9020\u53cd\u6d3e\u62c9\u5230\u660e\u5b5d\u9675\u4ece\u9ad8\u5904\u63a8\u4e0b\u6454\u6b7b\uff0c\u5176\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u5343\u4efd\u660e\u4ee3\u53f2\u6599\u4e5f\u88ab\u4ed8\u4e4b\u4e00\u70ac\uff0c\u624b\u7a3f\u9057\u5931\uff09\u3001\u718a\u5341\u529b\uff08\u8457\u540d\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u88ab\u300a\u5927\u82f1\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u8a89\u4e3a<\/span>20<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u56e0\u53cd\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u800c\u7edd\u98df\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>5<\/span>\u6708<\/span>23<\/span>\u65e5\u75c5\u6545\uff09\u3001\u7fe6\u4f2f\u8d5e\uff08\u66fe\u4efb\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u526f\u6821\u957f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u53d7\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>18<\/span>\u65e5\u592b\u59bb\u53cc\u53cc\u541e\u5b89\u7720\u836f\u81ea\u6740\uff0c\u9057\u8a00\u4e0a\u7adf\u8fd8\u5728\u4e09\u547c<\/span>“<\/span>\u6bdb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4e07\u5c81<\/span>”<\/span>\uff09\u3001\u8d75\u4e5d\u7ae0\uff08<\/span>1938<\/span>\u5e74\u83b7\u5fb7\u56fd\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u6c14\u8c61\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7269\u7406\u7684\u5f00\u62d3\u8005\uff0c\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u90ca\u533a\u7684\u7ea2\u536b\u5927\u961f\u52b3\u52a8\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u56e0\u4e0d\u582a\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708<\/span>26<\/span>\u65e5\u81ea\u6740\uff09\u3001\u5218\u6566\u6862\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u5efa\u7b51\u53f2\u5b66\u7684\u5f00\u62d3\u8005\u3001\u53e4\u5efa\u7b51\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5efa\u7b51\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\uff0c<\/span>1921<\/span>\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u4eac\u9ad8\u7b49\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b66\u6821\u5efa\u7b51\u79d1\uff0c\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u5b66\u90e8\u59d4\u5458\uff0c\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u906d\u53d7\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>5<\/span>\u6708<\/span>10<\/span>\u65e5\u53bb\u4e16\uff09\u3001\u80e1\u5eb6\u534e\uff08\u8457\u540d\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u548c\u51b6\u91d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c<\/span>1920<\/span>\u5e74\u83b7\u5fb7\u56fd\u67cf\u6797\u5de5\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u94a2\u94c1\u51b6\u91d1\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u83b7\u5f97\u8be5\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u9996\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u51b2\u51fb\u3002<\/span>1967<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>5<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e24\u6b21\u4e0a\u4e66\u4e2d\u592e\u6587\u9769\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8981\u6c42\u63d0\u65e9\u7ed3\u675f\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u800c\u906d\u5230\u6b8b\u9177\u6279\u6597\uff0c\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>6<\/span>\u6708<\/span>17<\/span>\u65e5\u901d\u4e16\uff09\u3001\u59da\u6850\u658c\uff08\u5bfc\u5f39\u548c\u822a\u5929\u6750\u6599\u4e0e\u5de5\u827a\u6280\u672f\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c<\/span>1951<\/span>\u5e74\u83b7\u82f1\u56fd\u4f2f\u660e\u7ff0\u5927\u5b66\u5de5\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u88ab\u6234\u4e0a<\/span>“<\/span>\u53cd\u52a8\u5b66\u672f\u6743\u5a01<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\u53d7\u5230<\/span>“<\/span>\u9769\u547d\u7fa4\u4f17<\/span>”<\/span>\u6b8b\u9177\u6bd2\u6253\uff0c\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>6<\/span>\u6708<\/span>8<\/span>\u65e5\u4e0d\u5e78\u79bb\u4e16\uff0c\u5e74\u4ec5<\/span>46<\/span>\u5c81\uff09\u3001\u90b5\u6d35\u7f8e\uff08\u6c11\u56fd\u624d\u5b50\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u5bb6\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5bb6\u3001\u8bd7\u4eba\uff0c<\/span>“<\/span>\u65b0\u6708\u6d3e<\/span>”<\/span>\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c<\/span>1924<\/span>\u5e74\u7559\u5b66\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u3002<\/span>1949<\/span>\u5e74\u5176\u6240\u7f16\u7684\u534a\u6708\u520a\u300a\u8bba\u8bed\u300b\u56e0\u8bbd\u523a\u653f\u5e9c\u88ab\u52d2\u4ee4\u505c\u520a\u3002\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fc1\u5c45\u5317\u4eac\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u8fde\u7eed\u4e03\u5929\u6279\u5224\u4ed6\u521b\u529e\u7684\u4e0a\u6d77\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e66\u5c40\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u88ab\u8feb\u505c\u4e1a\u3002<\/span>1958<\/span>\u5e74\u53c8\u56e0<\/span>“<\/span>\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u7f6a<\/span>”<\/span>\u88ab\u6355\u5165\u72f1\uff0c<\/span>1962<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>4<\/span>\u6708\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u6587\u9769\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\uff0c\u6284\u5bb6\u3001\u6279\u6597\u3001\u6bd2\u6253\u63a5\u8e35\u800c\u6765\uff0c<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>5<\/span>\u6708<\/span>5<\/span>\u65e5\u5728\u8d2b\u75c5\u4ea4\u52a0\u548c\u6b8b\u9177\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e2d\u53bb\u4e16\uff09\u3001\u7530\u6c49\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bdd\u5267\u5bb6\u3001\u620f\u5267\u5bb6\u3001\u7535\u5f71\u5267\u672c\u4f5c\u5bb6\u3001\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5bb6\u3001\u8bd7\u4eba\uff0c\u300a\u4e49\u52c7\u519b\u8fdb\u884c\u66f2\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8bcd\u4eba\u3002\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u4e13\u653f\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u5173\u62bc\u4e8e\u79e6\u57ce\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>10<\/span>\u65e5\u5728\u7981\u95ed\u4e2d\u51a4\u5c48\u6b7b\u53bb\u3002\u6b7b\u540e\u519b\u65b9\u4eba\u5458\u5411\u7530\u6c49\u513f\u5b50\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u7530\u6c49\u6b7b\u4e86\uff0c\u7f6a\u5927\u6076\u6781<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u5413\u5f97\u5bb6\u5c5e\u8fde\u9aa8\u7070\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u9886\u53d6\uff09\u3001\u6768\u6714\uff08\u8457\u540d\u7ea2\u8272\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u88ab\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u534f\u7684\u9020\u53cd\u6d3e\u5217\u4e3a\u91cd\u70b9\u6279\u6597\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u4e0d\u582a\u6298\u78e8\uff0c\u7edd\u671b\u4e2d\u4e8e<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>3<\/span>\u65e5\u670d\u5927\u5242\u91cf\u5b89\u7720\u836f\u81ea\u6740\uff09\u3001\u738b\u6842\u8343\uff08\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u592b\u4eba\u3001\u4e00\u4f4d\u517b\u80b2\u4e86\u516b\u4f4d\u975e\u51e1\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u5e73\u51e1\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff0c\u5374\u5728\u6587\u9769\u671f\u95f4\u4f5c\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u4fdd\u7687\u515a<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bb6\u88ab\u6284\uff0c\u5b50\u79bb\u6563\uff0c\u516b\u5341\u591a\u5c81\u9ad8\u9f84\u88ab\u9063\u9001\u56de\u8001\u5bb6\u519c\u6751\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u4fbf\u5728\u4e00\u95f4\u7834\u8d25\u7684\u725b\u68da\u4e2d\u59d4\u5c48\u79bb\u4e16\u3002\u5728\u597d\u5fc3\u7684\u4e61\u4eb2\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u6761\u7834\u8349\u5e2d\u628a\u5979\u5305\u88f9\u7740\u5077\u5077\u57cb\u846c\u5728\u8352\u5c71\u5761\u4e0a\uff09\u3001\u4e0a\u5b98\u4e91\u73e0\uff08\u8457\u540d\u7535\u5f71\u8868\u6f14\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u4e00\u6c5f\u6625\u6c34\u5411\u4e1c\u6d41\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e4c\u9e26\u4e0e\u9ebb\u96c0\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e3d\u4eba\u884c\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4e07\u5bb6\u706f\u706b\u300b\u7b49\u7ecf\u5178\u540d\u7247\u4e2d\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u5f62\u8c61\u800c\u871a\u58f0\u5f71\u575b\u3002\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u56e0\u906d\u53d7\u8feb\u5bb3\u5728<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>23<\/span>\u65e5\u8df3\u697c\u81ea\u6740\uff09\u3001\u4e25\u51e4\u82f1\uff08\u8457\u540d\u9ec4\u6885\u620f\u8868\u6f14\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e25\u51e4\u82f1\u88ab\u6307\u63a7\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u6587\u827a\u9ed1\u7ebf\u4eba\u7269<\/span>”<\/span>\u3001<\/span>“<\/span>\u5ba3\u4f20\u5c01\u3001\u8d44\u3001\u4fee\u7684\u7f8e\u5973\u86c7<\/span>”<\/span>\u548c<\/span>“<\/span>\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u6f5c\u4f0f\u7279\u52a1<\/span>”<\/span>\u800c\u906d\u53d7\u6b8b\u9177\u6279\u6597\u3002<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>4<\/span>\u6708<\/span>7<\/span>\u65e5\u591c\uff0c\u4e25\u51e4\u82f1\u4e0d\u582a\u51cc\u8fb1\u81ea\u6740\u8eab\u4ea1\u3002\u81ea\u6740\u540e\uff0c\u519b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u9690\u85cf\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u7279\u52a1\u8896\u73cd\u53d1\u62a5\u673a<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u8ba9\u9a8c\u5c38\u7684\u533b\u751f\u5272\u5f00\u5176\u5589\u7ba1\uff0c\u780d\u65ad\u5176\u808b\u9aa8\uff0c\u62c9\u51fa\u5185\u810f\u5256\u5f00\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5374\u53ea\u67e5\u5230\u4e86\u6b8b\u7559\u7684\u5b89\u7720\u836f\u788e\u7247\uff09\u3001\u5bb9\u56fd\u56e2\uff08\u7b2c<\/span>25<\/span>\u5c4a\u4e16\u9526\u8d5b\u7537\u5b50\u4e52\u4e53\u7403\u5355\u6253\u51a0\u519b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f53\u80b2\u4e16\u754c\u51a0\u519b\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>6<\/span>\u6708<\/span>20<\/span>\u65e5\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u9f99\u6f6d\u6e56\u7554\u4e0a\u540a\u81ea\u6740\uff09<\/span>……<\/span>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u53d7\u7bc7\u5e45\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u60b2\u5267\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u9875\u4e00\u9875\u7684\u5199\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ba1\u6570\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7cbe\u82f1\u548c\u5404\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u88ab\u8feb\u5bb3\u81f4\u6b7b\u6216\u81ea\u6740\u8eab\u4ea1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e4f\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e8b\u4e1a\u6dfb\u7816\u52a0\u74e6\u7684\u594b\u6597\u8005\u548c\u5439\u9f13\u624b\u3002<\/span>

1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>23<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90e8\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u76d1\u59d4\u59d4\u5458\u653f\u6cbb\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u628a\u4e2d\u5171\u7b2c\u516b\u5c4a\u4e2d\u592e\u76d1\u59d4\u4f1a<\/span>60<\/span>\u540d\u59d4\u5458\u548c\u5019\u8865\u59d4\u5458\u4e2d\u7684<\/span>37<\/span>\u4eba\u6307\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u53db\u5f92<\/span>”<\/span>\u3001<\/span>“<\/span>\u7279\u52a1<\/span>”<\/span>\u3001<\/span>“<\/span>\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50<\/span>”<\/span>\u3002\u540c\u6708<\/span>27<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u7ec4\u90e8\u53c8\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e09\u5c4a\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u653f\u6cbb\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u56db\u5c4a\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u653f\u6cbb\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff0c\u628a\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a<\/span>115<\/span>\u540d\u59d4\u5458\u4e2d\u7684<\/span>60<\/span>\u4eba\u548c\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a<\/span>159<\/span>\u540d\u59d4\u5458\u4e2d\u7684<\/span>74<\/span>\u4eba\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u53db\u5f92<\/span>”<\/span>\u3001<\/span>“<\/span>\u7279\u52a1<\/span>”<\/span>\u3001<\/span>“<\/span>\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50<\/span>”<\/span>\u7b49\u3002<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708<\/span>13<\/span>\u65e5\u81f3<\/span>31<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7b2c\u516b\u5c4a\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u6b21\u5168\u4f53\u4f1a\u8bae\u5728\u4eac\u53ec\u5f00\uff0c\u515a\u5185\u9648\u6bc5\u3001\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u3001\u674e\u5bcc\u6625\u3001\u674e\u5148\u5ff5\u3001\u5f90\u5411\u524d\u3001\u8042\u8363\u81fb\u7b49\u4eba\u56e0<\/span>“<\/span>\u4e8c\u6708\u9006\u6d41<\/span>”<\/span>\u906d\u53d7\u56f4\u653b\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u53db\u5f92\u3001\u5185\u5978\u3001\u5de5\u8d3c\u5218\u5c11\u5947\u7f6a\u884c\u7684\u5ba1\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff0c\u4f5c\u51fa\u64a4\u9500\u5176\u515a\u5185\u5916\u4e00\u5207\u804c\u52a1\u5e76\u6c38\u4e45\u5f00\u9664\u51fa\u515a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>22<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6307\u793a\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u77e5\u8bc6\u9752\u5e74\u5230\u519c\u6751\u53bb\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u8d2b\u4e0b\u4e2d\u519c\u7684\u518d\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5f88\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\u4e0a\u5c71\u4e0b\u4e61\u8fd0\u52a8\u7531\u6b64\u88ab\u63a8\u5411\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002\u5728\u6587\u9769\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u5168\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u5341\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684<\/span>1600<\/span>\u591a\u4e07\u77e5\u8bc6\u9752\u5e74\u88ab\u53d1\u914d\u5230\u519c\u6751\u548c\u8fb9\u7586\u63a5\u53d7<\/span>“<\/span>\u8d2b\u4e0b\u4e2d\u519c\u7684\u518d\u6559\u80b2<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u8352\u5e9f\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u4e00\u8eab\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u5b9d\u8d35\u548c\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u9752\u6625\u65f6\u5149\uff0c\u65e0\u6570\u5bb6\u5ead\u9aa8\u8089\u5206\u79bb<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e2d\u5171\u515a\u5185\u5185\u90e8\u6597\u4e89\u60e8\u70c8\uff0c\u5c31\u8fde\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ba1\u6570\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u8f9c\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u4f17\u90fd\u906d\u53d7\u7740\u60b2\u60e8\u548c\u82e6\u96be\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74\u624d\u5982\u6b64\u6298\u78e8\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u3001\u9547\u538b\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u4e09\u53cd\u4e94\u53cd\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u8d44\u6599\u6240\u6709\u5236\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6539\u9020\u3001\u516c\u79c1\u5408\u8425\u3001\u53cd\u53f3\u6d3e\u3001\u4eba\u6c11\u516c\u793e\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u3001\u5927\u9965\u8352<\/span>……1949<\/span>\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u54ea\u5e74\u4e0d\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u4eba\u751f\u60e8\u6de1\uff1f\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7a76\u7adf\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u9762\u5b54<\/span>”<\/span>\u5462\uff1f<\/span>

<\/span>\u5386\u53f2\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u7b54\u6240\u6709\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e03\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u548c\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6709\u8bc6\u4e4b\u58eb\u540c\u6837\u5bf9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u6267\u653f\u65f6\u671f\u5236\u9020\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u51a4\u5047\u9519\u6848\u8981\u6c42\u5e73\u53cd\u7ea0\u6b63\uff0c\u5bf9\u88ab\u6bc1\u574f\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u50f5\u786c\u7684\u516c\u6709\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u8feb\u5207\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6539\u9769\u3002\u5404\u5730\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5317\u4eac\u897f\u5355\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u6c11\u4e3b\u5899<\/span>”<\/span>\u6216\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u529e\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u520a\u7269\u8868\u8fbe\u6c11\u610f\u548c\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4f20\u64ad\u6c11\u4e3b\u548c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u542f\u8499\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/span>1982<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>9<\/span>\u6708<\/span>12<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u51fa\u4efb\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\uff0c\u7740\u624b\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u51a4\u5047\u9519\u6848\u7684\u5e73\u53cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u63a8\u8fdb\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u3002\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u6c11\u4e3b\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u547c\u58f0\u65e5\u76ca\u9ad8\u6da8\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b98\u50da\u8150\u8d25\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bb9\u5fcd\u3002<\/span>1986<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5404\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u5148\u540e\u7206\u53d1<\/span>“<\/span>\u8981\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u8981\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u8981\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u53cd\u5b98\u5012\uff0c\u53cd\u8150\u8d25<\/span>” <\/span>\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u6e38\u884c\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/span>1987<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>1<\/span>\u6708\uff0c\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u5728\u515a\u5185\u88ab\u6307\u53cd\u5bf9<\/span>“<\/span>\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u81ea\u7531\u5316<\/span>”<\/span>\u4e0d\u529b\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u8f9e\u53bb\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u804c\u4f4d\u3002<\/span>1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>4<\/span>\u6708<\/span>15<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u56e0\u5fc3\u810f\u75c5\u7a81\u53d1\u53bb\u4e16\u3002<\/span>

1989<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5728<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u53d1\u751f<\/span>21<\/span>\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6625\u590f\u4e4b\u4ea4\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u80e1\u8000\u90a6\u901d\u4e16\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5e02\u6c11\u6765\u5230\u5929\u5b89\u95e8\u5e7f\u573a\u548c\u8857\u5934\u8fdb\u884c\u548c\u5e73\u96c6\u4f1a\u6297\u8bae\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u8981\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u8981\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u53cd\u8150\u8d25\uff0c\u53cd\u7279\u6743\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0e<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u5c40\u4e00\u6837\u548c\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u6b21\u6297\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5e02\u6c11\u540c\u6837\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u60e8\u65e0\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u9547\u538b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9547\u538b\u7684\u519b\u961f\u548c\u5766\u514b\uff0c\u5374\u6765\u81ea\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u52a0\u6b8b\u66b4\u548c\u8840\u8165\u3002\u540c\u60c5\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u91c7\u53d6\u6b66\u529b\u9547\u538b\u7684\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u8d75\u7d2b\u9633\uff0c\u516d\u56db\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\u88ab\u514d\u53bb\u515a\u5185\u5916\u4e00\u5207\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\u8f6f\u7981\u4e2d\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u4ed6\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u7684<\/span>15<\/span>\u4e2a\u5e74\u5934<\/span>——<\/span>\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e3b\u5f20<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u6377\u5171\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\uff0c\u7adf\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u76f8\u4f3c\uff01<\/span>


<\/span>\u4e09<\/span>

<\/span>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u6b66\u529b\u9547\u538b\u6240\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u591f\u7ef4\u6301\u591a\u4e45\u5462\uff1f\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u5728\u300a\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0d\u6b7b\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u7684\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u4f60\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6467\u6b8b\u9c9c\u82b1\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u963b\u6321\u6625\u5929\u7684\u811a\u6b65\u3002<\/span>”

<\/span>\u4e5f\u662f\u5728<\/span>1989<\/span>\u5e74\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9635\u8425\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5267\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u53d1\u751f<\/span>21<\/span>\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f<\/span>“<\/span>\u5929\u9e45\u7ed2\u9769\u547d<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Velvet Revolution<\/span>\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u8bfb\u6765\u8fd8\u662f\u611f\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u8010\u4eba\u5bfb\u5473\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u56de\u5473\u548c\u601d\u8003\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u653f\u8bba\u6742\u5fd7\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\uff08<\/span>National Review<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc4\u8bba\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5c0f\u5a01\u5ec9<\/span>·F·<\/span>\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\uff08<\/span>William F. Buckley Jr. 1925<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>24<\/span>\u65e5\uff0d<\/span>2008<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>2<\/span>\u6708<\/span>27<\/span>\u65e5\uff09\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/span>

1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>21<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c<\/span>3000<\/span>\u591a\u540d\u6297\u8bae\u8005\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u9996\u90fd\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u7684\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b\u5e7f\u573a\uff08<\/span>Wenceslaus Square<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u88ab\u9547\u538b<\/span>21<\/span>\u5468\u5e74\u3002\u539f\u672c\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u53bb\u53c2\u52a0\u8fd9\u573a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u96c6\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u5c40\u65e9\u5c31\u6709\u6240\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u89c1\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u8f6f\u7981\u5728\u5bb6\uff0c\u628a\u901a\u5411\u5e7f\u573a\u7684\u9053\u8def\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u8def\u969c\u3002\u5728\u6297\u8bae\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u9ad8\u5531\u56fd\u6b4c\u3001\u547c\u558a\u53cd\u82cf\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\u540e\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u4fbf\u51b2\u5411\u4eba\u7fa4\u6325\u52a8\u8d77\u8b66\u68cd\uff0c\u5e76\u902e\u6355\u4e86\u4e0a\u767e\u540d\u793a\u5a01\u8005\u3002<\/span>

1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708<\/span>28<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u662f\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5efa\u56fd<\/span>71<\/span>\u5468\u5e74\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u65e5\u3002\u5728\u8282\u65e5\u4e34\u8fd1\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5f53\u5c40\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u7684\u5f02\u8bae\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u4eba\u6743\u536b\u58eb\u62d8\u62bc\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u5305\u62ec\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u9886\u8896\u4eba\u7269\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6b64\u65f6\u4ed6\u6b63\u7531\u4e8e\u652f\u6c14\u7ba1\u53d1\u708e\u800c\u5728\u517b\u75c5\u3002\u4f46\u65f6\u4ee3\u6bd5\u7adf\u5728\u6084\u6084\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u7adf\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6295\u5165\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\u628a\u4ed6\u5173\u8fdb\u4e86\u533b\u9662\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u56fd\u5e86\u8282\u8fd9\u5929\uff0c<\/span>10,000<\/span>\u591a\u4eba\u805a\u96c6\u5230\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b\u5e7f\u573a\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u4fbf\u9ad8\u558a\u51fa<\/span>“<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u81ea\u7531<\/span>”<\/span>\u3001<\/span>“<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6c11\u4e3b<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd8\u6253\u51fa<\/span>“<\/span>\u7c73\u6d1b\u4ec0<\/span>·<\/span>\u96c5\u514b\u4ec0\u4e0b\u53f0<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Milos Jakes<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1922<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>12<\/span>\u65e5\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\uff09\u7684\u6807\u8bed\u3002\u8b66\u5bdf\u5fcd\u8010\u4e86\u4e00\u3001\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\uff0c\u4fbf\u5bf9\u4e0d\u80af\u64a4\u79bb\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u518d\u6b21\u6325\u821e\u8d77\u8b66\u68cd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u902e\u6355\u4e86<\/span>350<\/span>\u540d\u793a\u5a01\u8005\uff0c\u6253\u4f24\u7684\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u5176\u6570\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u5341\u4eba\u88ab\u9001\u8fdb\u533b\u9662\u9700\u8981\u6551\u6cbb\u3002<\/span>

1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>9<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u5d29\u584c\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u7acb\u5373\u4f20\u5230\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u843d\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u53c8\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f\u51e0\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u996d\u5e97\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6377\u514b\u88d4\u996d\u5e97\u4f8d\u5e94\u751f\u542c\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u9ad8\u5174\u6781\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u5174\u594b\u7684\u5bf9\u996d\u5e97\u91cc\u7684\u5ba2\u4eba\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u8fd9\u592a\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u592a\u597d\u4e86\uff01<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7a81\u7136\u53c8\u5782\u5934\u4e27\u6c14\u7684\u611f\u53f9\u9053\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8b\u5728\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u592a\u61e6\u5f31\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d77\u6765\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e55\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u88ab\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u573a\u7684\u8bb0\u8005\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u786e\u5b9e\uff0c\u81ea<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708<\/span>28<\/span>\u65e5\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b\u5e7f\u573a\u7684\u96c6\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f53\u5c40\u66b4\u529b\u9547\u538b\u4e0b\u53bb\u540e\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5168\u56fd\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u8fd8\u662f\u9759\u6084\u6084\u7684\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u540d\u6124\u6012\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u6562\u7ad9\u51fa\u6765\u8bf4\u4e2a<\/span>“<\/span>\u4e0d<\/span>”<\/span>\u5b57\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6781\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\uff0c\u90fd\u6df1\u6709\u4f53\u4f1a\uff0c\u518d\u719f\u6089\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u661f\u671f\uff0c<\/span>1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>17<\/span>\u65e5\u661f\u671f\u4e94\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u5929\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u9752\u5e74\u56e2\uff08<\/span>Czechoslovak Youth Union<\/span>\uff09\u4e3e\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u4f1a\uff0c\u60bc\u5ff5<\/span>55<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\u6297\u8bae\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5165\u4fb5\u6377\u514b\u800c\u88ab\u7eb3\u7cb9\u6740\u5bb3\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u96c6\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u547c\u5401\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6297\u8bae\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u6297\u8bae\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u9547\u538b\u4e86\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6709\u4f20\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u9a6c\u4e01<\/span>·<\/span>\u65af\u5bc6\u5fb7\uff08<\/span>Martin Smid<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u67e5\u7406\u5927\u5b66\uff08<\/span>Charles University in Prague<\/span>\uff09\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5728\u6297\u8bae\u4e2d\u88ab\u8b66\u5bdf\u6253\u6b7b\u3002\u8fd9\u6d88\u606f\u88ab<\/span>“<\/span>\u81ea\u7531\u6b27\u6d32\u7535\u53f0<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Radio Free Europe<\/span>\uff09\u62a5\u9053\u540e\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u754c\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u5f3a\u70c8\u8c34\u8d23\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5426\u8ba4\u8b66\u65b9\u6253\u6b7b\u4e86\u4eba\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u79f0\u8fd9\u662f\u9020\u8c23\uff0c\u8fd8\u5b89\u6392\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u90fd\u53eb\u9a6c\u4e01<\/span>·<\/span>\u65af\u5bc6\u5fb7\u7684\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u67e5\u7406\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u751f\u4e0a\u7535\u89c6\u8fdb\u884c\u8f9f\u8c23\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u523b\u7684\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u518d\u4f1a\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e73\u65f6\u6492\u8c0e\u6210\u6027\u7684\u6377\u5171\u653f\u6743\u4e86\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u771f\u76f8\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u6297\u8bae\u548c\u7f62\u5de5\u3002<\/span>1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>20<\/span>\u65e5\u661f\u671f\u4e00\uff0c<\/span>200,000<\/span>\u540d\u793a\u5a01\u5e02\u6c11\u8d70\u4e0a\u4e86\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u7684\u8857\u5934\u3002\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5f53\u65f6\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u5e02\u8fde\u540c\u5468\u8fb9\u5730\u533a\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u624d\u7ea6<\/span>1,200,000<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u7740\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5f53\u5c40\u4e0d\u65ad\u5347\u7ea7\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u9547\u538b\u548c\u6293\u6355\uff0c\u9996\u90fd\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u793a\u5a01\u6297\u8bae\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u5374\u4ece<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>21<\/span>\u65e5\u7684<\/span>3,000<\/span>\u540d\u8fc5\u901f\u4e0a\u5347\u5230<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>20<\/span>\u65e5\u7684<\/span>200,000<\/span>\u540d\u3002\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u57ce\u5e02\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u793a\u5a01\u6297\u8bae\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728<\/span>1968<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u4ece\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u3002<\/span>

1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>21<\/span>\u65e5<\/span>,<\/span>\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u603b\u7406\u62c9\u5409\u65af\u62c9\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u963f\u8fbe\u9ea6\u8328\uff08<\/span>Ladislav Adamec<\/span>\uff09\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e<\/span>“<\/span>\u516c\u6c11\u8bba\u575b<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Civic Forum<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u9886\u8896\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u4f1a\u8c08\u3002\u4f1a\u8c08\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u7ad9\u7acb\u5728\u9762\u5411\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b\u5e7f\u573a\u4e00\u5ea7\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u9633\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72ed\u957f\u7684\u5e7f\u573a\u4e0a\u6324\u5f97\u6c34\u6cc4\u4e0d\u901a\u7684<\/span>150,000<\/span>\u540d\u7b49\u5019\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a\u963f\u8fbe\u9ea6\u8328\u5df2\u7ecf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u653e\u5f03\u5b9e\u65bd\u300a\u6212\u4e25\u6cd5\u300b\uff08<\/span>Martial Law<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8ba9\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u515a\u5916\u4eba\u58eb\u8fdb\u5165\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u9a6c\u91cc\u7684\u795e\u7236\uff08<\/span>Father Vaclav Maly<\/span>\uff09\u5219\u5f53\u4f17\u5ba3\u8bfb\u4e86\u5f17\u6717\u8482\u585e\u514b<\/span>·<\/span>\u6258\u9a6c\u585e\u514b\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\uff08<\/span>Frantisek Cardinal Tomasek<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u4fe1\u51fd\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u5468\u8fb9\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6805\u680f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65f6\u4e0d\u6211\u5f85\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u653f\u6743<\/span>……”

1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>23<\/span>\u65e5\u661f\u671f\u56db\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927<\/span>·<\/span>\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u5728\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u9996\u5e9c\u5e03\u62c9\u8fea\u65af\u62c9\u53d1\u9762\u5bf9<\/span>70,000<\/span>\u540d\u6c11\u4f17\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u6f14\u8bf4\uff08<\/span>1989<\/span>\u5e74\u5e03\u62c9\u8fea\u65af\u62c9\u53d1\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u624d\u7ea6<\/span>40<\/span>\u4e07\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u56e0\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728<\/span>1969<\/span>\u5e74\u88ab\u89e3\u9664\u6377\u5171\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u7684\u804c\u52a1\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u573a\u5408\u3002\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c<\/span> \u518d\u8fc7\u4e09\u5929\u5c31\u5c06\u662f\u4ed6<\/span>68<\/span>\u5468\u5c81\u751f\u65e5\u7684\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u6765\u5230\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\uff0c\u5728\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b\u5e7f\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u9762\u5bf9\u7740\u5e7f\u573a\u4e0a<\/span>200,000<\/span>\u540d\u6cb8\u817e\u7684\u5e02\u6c11\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u6f14\u8bf4\u3002\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u4ee5\u4e00\u4f4d\u8001\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u53e3\u543b\uff0c\u5411\u5e7f\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u6fc0\u60c5\u9ad8\u547c\u9053\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e07\u5c81\uff01\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3\u4e07\u5c81\uff01<\/span>”

<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u80cc\u8d1f\u7740\u6c89\u91cd\u5386\u53f2\u503a\u52a1\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u9762\u5b54\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u88ab\u4eba\u6c11\u629b\u5f03\u800c\u5206\u5d29\u79bb\u6790\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e86\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u5411\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b\u5e7f\u573a\u4e0a<\/span>200,000<\/span>\u5e02\u6c11\u632f\u81c2\u9ad8\u547c\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u5929<\/span>——1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>11<\/span>\u6708<\/span>24<\/span>\u65e5\u661f\u671f\u4e94\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u603b\u4e66\u8bb0\u7c73\u6d1b\u4ec0<\/span>·<\/span>\u96c5\u514b\u4ec0\u5e26\u9886\u5168\u4f53\u4e3b\u5e2d\u56e2\u4eba\u5458\u5ba3\u5e03\u8f9e\u804c\u3002<\/span>

1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>10<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u975e\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6210\u5458\u5360\u591a\u6570\u5e2d\u4f4d\u7684\u8054\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5ba3\u8a93\u5c31\u804c\u3002\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927<\/span>·<\/span>\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u548c\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u5ba3\u5e03\u7ade\u9009\u603b\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b\u5e7f\u573a\u4e0a\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u6324\u6ee1\u4e86\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8138\u4e0a\u6d0b\u6ea2\u548c\u6d12\u6ee1\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u707f\u70c2\u7684\u7b11\u5bb9\u548c\u6fc0\u52a8\u7684\u6cea\u82b1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u90a3\u79cd\u6124\u6012\u7684\u795e\u60c5\u548c\u60b2\u54c0\u7684\u6cea\u6c34\u3002<\/span>

1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>28<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927<\/span>·<\/span>\u675c\u5e03\u5207\u514b\u4e3a\u8bae\u4f1a\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u3002<\/span>

1989<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708<\/span>29<\/span>\u65e5\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b<\/span>·<\/span>\u54c8\u7ef4\u5c14\u4e3a\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u603b\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u81ea\u7231\u5fb7\u534e<\/span>·<\/span>\u8d1d\u5948\u65af\uff08<\/span>Edvard Beneš<\/span>\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c<\/span>41<\/span>\u5e74\u6765\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7531\u9009\u4e3e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u603b\u7edf\u3002<\/span>


<\/span>\u56db<\/span>

<\/span>\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4eff\u4f5b\u767d\u9a79\u8fc7\u9699\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u773c\u524d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u8c61\u548c\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5982\u679c\u8bf4<\/span>50<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u4e4b\u6625<\/span>”<\/span>\u5411\u4e16\u4eba\u662d\u793a\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5e26\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u9762\u5b54\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f7b\u5e95\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u5e7b\u60f3\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48<\/span>“<\/span>\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d<\/span>”<\/span>\u8fd0\u52a8\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u544a\u8beb\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u624d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u72c2\u70ed\u3001\u611a\u8822\u3001\u91ce\u86ee\u3001\u6b8b\u66b4\u548c\u60b2\u60e8\u7684\u707e\u96be\u76f8\u968f\u76f8\u4f34\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5c06\u8fd1<\/span>30<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u5929\u5b89\u95e8\u60e8\u6848<\/span>”<\/span>\u518d\u6b21\u8b66\u793a\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6b7b\u5b58\u4ea1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b7\u9177\u65e0\u60c5\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u8840\u8165\u9547\u538b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u7684\u5012\u584c\u548c\u4e1c\u6b27\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9635\u8425\u7684\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u53c8\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u7cbe\u7f8e\u7684\u8c0e\u8a00\u548c\u8840\u8165\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u53cc\u91cd\u9a71\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u957f\u4e45\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u590d\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u4e16\u4eba\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c9\u9192\u540e\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u629b\u5f03\u3002<\/span>

<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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