{"id":84508,"date":"2018-07-09T02:14:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T02:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=84508 "},"modified":"2018-07-09T02:14:00","modified_gmt":"2018-07-09T02:14:00","slug":"84508-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=84508","title":{"rendered":"\u5218\u81ea\u7acb\uff1a\u4e24\u5e0c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5bf9\u7acb\u6d45\u8bf4\uff08\u7eed\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

\"\"<\/p>

\u4e24\u5e0c\u4ef7\u503c\u5230\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u56fe\u7247\uff09<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>


<\/p>


<\/span>\u51e1\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b66\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbb\u7406\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u578b\u5f0f\u3002\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7406\u60f3\u578b\u5f0f\u6216\u66f0\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u578b\u5f0f<\/span>——<\/span>\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u5411\u5f80\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u54c1\u8d28\u548c\u539f\u5219<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5219\u5e26\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u628a\u624b\u6bb5\u76ee\u7684\u6df7\u6dc6\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5473\u9053\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u7684\u795e\u6cbb\u56fd\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u5b9e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7c7b\u578b\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u60f3\uff1b\u5c31\u50cf\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\uff08\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\uff09\u4e00\u5929\u4e5f\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0e\u7b14\u8005\u4e89\u8bae\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u770b\u6210\u662f\u67d0\u79cd\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u4ea7\u3002\u5176\u7406\u7531\u4e0d\u5916\u662f\u6000\u7279\u6d77\u6240\u8c13\u5343\u5e74\u54f2\u5b66\u90fd\u662f\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u6ce8\u811a\u4e00\u8bf4\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u5176\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u89c2\u5ff5\u5462\uff1f\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6b63\u597d\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5efa\u7acb\u54f2\u5b66\u672c\u4f53\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5343\u5e74\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u83ab\u8877\u4e00\u662f\uff1b\u5230\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d3e\u548c\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d3e\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5927\u81f4\u6f14\u7ece\u6210\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u9648\u8ff0\u4e0d\u8bf4\u660e\u771f\u7406\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u5426\uff09\u4e3b\u9898\u4e0d\u53ef\u8a00\u8bf4\u4e4b\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7406\u5ff5\u4e4b\u8bf4\u548c\u540e\u4e16\u5362\u68ad\u4e4b\u666e\u904d\uff08\u610f\u5fd7\uff09\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u95ed\u7740\u620f\u79f0\u4e4b<\/span>“<\/span>\u4e00<\/span>”<\/span>\u4e4b\u5386\u53f2\u8f68\u8ff9<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f68\u8ff9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u795e\u8bba<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u5bf9\u79f0\u4e8e\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u5c31\u6f14\u7ece\u6210\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u3002\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u79cd\u82df\u7b80\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\uff0c\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8715\u53d8\u8f68\u8ff9\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u5230\u5362\u68ad\u53d1\u660e\u666e\u904d\u4eba\u6c11\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u628a\u4eba\u6c11\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u666e\u7f57\u9636\u7ea7<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u6982\u5ff5\u8fdc\u79bb\u897f\u65b9\u751a\u81f3\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u771f\u6b63\u80cc\u9053\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u6001\u4e4b\u82f1\u6587\u547d\u540d\u4e0a\u770b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u5316<\/span>——<\/span>\u6bd4\u5982\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u8272\u8bfa\u82ac\u7b14\u4e0b\u8001\u5be1\u5934\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6c11\u4e3b\u6587\u5b57\u5c31\u7528\u4e86<\/span>——oligarchy<\/span>\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4e0b\u540c\uff09<\/span>

<\/span>\u5be1\u5934\u653f\u6cbb\uff08\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>\u1f40λιγαρχία<\/span>\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>oligarchy<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u751a\u81f3\u5168\u90e8\u6709\u6548\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7279\u6743\u9636\u7ea7\u624b\u4e0a\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8d22\u5bcc\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u3001\u6b8b\u66b4\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\uff09\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5be1\u5934\u653f\u6cbb\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u5e0c\u814a\uff0c<\/span>“oligo”<\/span>\u5c31\u662f<\/span>“<\/span>\u5c11\u6570<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>“arkhos”<\/span>\u5c31\u662f<\/span>“<\/span>\u7edf\u6cbb<\/span>”<\/span>\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5728\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e0c\u7f57\u591a\u5fb7\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5728\u5927\u6d41\u58eb\u5efa\u56fd\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u6ce2\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u5bf9\u72ec\u88c1\u3001\u5be1\u5934\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e09\u79cd\u653f\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u9009\u62e9\u72ec\u88c1\uff08\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>α\u1f50τοκρατία<\/span>\uff09\u653f\u4f53\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u9ea6\u52a0\u6bd4\u82cf\uff08<\/span>Megabyzus<\/span>\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u7531\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5be1\u5934\u4f53\u5236<\/span>[1]<\/span>\u3002\u4f46\u5927\u6d41\u58eb\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5be1\u5934\u4f53\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e89\u6743\u593a\u5229\u800c\u8d70\u5411\u72ec\u88c1<\/span>[2]<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u5e0c\u7f57\u591a\u5fb7\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5be1\u5934\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u8d35\u65cf\u5236\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5be1\u5934\u653f\u6cbb\u5e38\u5e38\u7531\u5f3a\u800c\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u6240\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u88ab\u57f9\u517b\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u987e\u95ee\u6307\u5bfc\u6210\u4e3a\u5be1\u5934\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u627f\u7ee7\u4eba\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u4e89\u8fa9\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u662f\u5be1\u5934\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u6700\u5927\u7279\u8272\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u4e5f\u662f\u8981\u5f53\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5236\u5ea6<\/span>

Tyranny——

<\/span>\u50ed\u4e3b\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u8bd1\u6587\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u4ece\u82f1\u6587\u76f4\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bd1\u6587<\/span>“<\/span>\u66b4\u541b<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u8f83\u5c11\u4eba\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u4eba\u8bef\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u50ed\u4e3b\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u3001\u91c7\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u7edf\u6cbb\u800c\u4e14\u4ee4\u4eba\u618e\u6068\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u50ed\u4e3b\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u5f00\u8fa9\u8bba\u548c\u9009\u4e3e\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u7edf\u6cbb\u6743\u7684\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5728\u6700\u65e9\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u5e0c\u814a\uff0c\u50ed\u4e3b\u5c1a\u65e0\u8d2c\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57ce\u90a6\u7edf\u6cbb\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e0e\u4e9a\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u5fb7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u50ed\u4e3b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u50ed\u4e3b\u5f00\u59cb\u6210\u4e3a\u5e26\u6709\u8d2c\u4e49\u7684\u7528\u8bed\u3002\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u53ca\u541b\u4e3b\u3001\u5be1\u5934\u3001\u5171\u548c\u53ca\u50ed\u4e3b\u56db\u79cd\u653f\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u50ed\u4e3b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u5f62\u6210\u72ec\u88c1\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u653f\u4f53\u3002\u50ed\u4e3b\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u57ce\u90a6\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u72ec\u88c1\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<\/span>

Authority——

<\/span>\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u6743\u529b<\/span>”<\/span>\u3002\u6743\u529b\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eba\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u6743\u5a01\u5219\u662f\u53d1\u6325\u6b64\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u67d0\u79cd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4eba\u4eec\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u9075\u4ece\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u6743\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6743\u5a01\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u795e\u3001\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/span>[2]

<\/span>\u5bf9\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6b66\u529b\u7b49\u66b4\u529b\u5a01\u80c1\u8fdb\u884c\u5f3a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u4f20\u627f\u3001\u529d\u5bfc\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5904\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u81ea\u613f\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/span>

Despotisme——

<\/span>\u5728\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u7684\u7537\u6027\u6700\u9ad8\u5bb6\u957f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u5974\u96b6\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u6743\u529b\u3002\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u4e5f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5355\u5b57\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u7684\u6cd5\u8001\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5728\u4e9a\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u5fb7\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u6ce2\u65af\u5927\u6d41\u58eb\u4e09\u4e16\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>δεσπότης<\/span>\uff08<\/span>despotes<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5728<\/span>1690<\/span>\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u7684\u653f\u654c\uff0c\u4ee5<\/span>despotisme<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5355\u5b57\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u62e5\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u6743\u529b\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u98ce\u683c<\/span>[2]<\/span>\u3002\u5b5f\u5fb7\u65af\u9e20\u5728\u300a\u8bba\u6cd5\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u653f\u5e9c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u8005\uff0c\u5373<\/span>democratic republics<\/span>\u3001<\/span>monarchies <\/span>\u4e0e<\/span>despotisms<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u5b5f\u5fb7\u65af\u9e20\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\uff08<\/span>monarchies<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u7531\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7ed9\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u7531\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9650\u5236\u6743\u529b\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u3002\u4f9d\u7167\u5143\u9996\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u72ec\u88c1\u6781\u6743\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08<\/span>despotisms<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5355\u5b57\u4e4b\u540e\u4f20\u5165\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a<\/span> despotism<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u541b\u4e3b\u62e5\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u529b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\uff0c\u541b\u4e3b\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u541b\u4e3b\u7684\u5974\u4ec6\u4e0e\u5974\u96b6\u3002\u4e0e\u7edd\u5bf9\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u662f\u540c\u4e49\u8bed\u3002\u5728<\/span>18<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u65f6\u8fdb\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u5f00\u660e\u4e13\u5236\uff08<\/span>enlightened
despotism<\/span>\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5728<\/span>19<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\uff0c\u6b27\u6d32\u5b66\u754c\u5c06\u970d\u5e03\u65af\u7b49\u4eba\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6743\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7edd\u5bf9\u3001\u5355\u4e00\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u3001\u8f6c\u8ba9\u3001\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08<\/span>absolutism<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u7edd\u5bf9\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\uff08<\/span>absolutemonarchy<\/span>\uff09\u4e0e\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\uff08<\/span>despotism<\/span>\uff09\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u533a\u522b\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\uff08<\/span>absolutemonarchy<\/span>\uff09\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u541b\u4e3b\u4e13\u5236\uff08<\/span>despotism<\/span>\uff09\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8e\u4e9a\u6d32\u7b49\u4e1c\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u5236\u3002<\/span>[<\/span>\u6765\u6e90\u8bf7\u6c42<\/span>]<\/span>\u5982\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u3001\u6069\u683c\u65af\u5728\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u79c1\u6709\u5236\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u6b27\u6d32\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u5fb7\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>absoluteMonarchie<\/span>\u3001\u82f1\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>absolutemonarchy<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u300a\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7edf\u6cbb\u300b\u4e2d\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u5fb7\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>Despotismus<\/span>\u3001\u82f1\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>despotism<\/span><\/p>


……<\/span>\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ea\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u7528\u8bed\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u81ea\u7136\u533a\u9694\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u4e4b\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>——

Totalitarianism——

<\/span>\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>Totalitarianism<\/span>\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bd1\u4f5c\u6781\u6743\u653f\u4f53\u3001\u5168\u80fd\u653f\u4f53\u3001\u603b\u4f53\u7edf\u6cbb\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u6216\u6781\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>Totalitarianstate<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u6709\u7740\u7edd\u5bf9\u6743\u5a01\u5e76\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u80fd\u8c0b\u6c42\u63a7\u5236\u516c\u4f17\u4e0e\u79c1\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/span>[1]

<\/span>\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u521d\u6709\u7740\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u7531\u9b4f\u739b\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5b66\u8005\u5361\u5c14<\/span>·<\/span>\u65bd\u7c73\u7279\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5728<\/span>1920<\/span>\u5e74\u4ee3\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u65bd\u7c73\u7279\u5728\u5176\u6709\u5173\u5168\u80fd\uff08<\/span>all-powerful<\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e00\u5207\uff09\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u3001\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86<\/span>“Totalstaat”<\/span>\u4e00\u8bcd\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\uff08\u5173\u4e8e\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279\u5728\u9b4f\u739b\u65f6\u671f\u62b5\u5236\u7eb3\u7cb9\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u800c\u5931\u8d25\u800c\u52a0\u5165\u7eb3\u7cb9\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e4e\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u548c\u574a\u95f4\u4e00\u822c\u7b80\u5355\u4f20\u8bf4\u8be5\u4eba\u7eb3\u5165\u7cb9\u5316\u7684\u8bb9\u8bef\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f5c\u51fa\u533a\u9694\u3002\uff09<\/span>

<\/span>\u867d\u7136\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u5145\u5206\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u96c5\u5178\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e2a\u6027\u6b63\u597d\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u6f14\u7ece\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57ce\u90a6\u666e\u904d\u6027\u7684\u8f6c\u5316<\/span>——<\/span>\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6027\u8bf4\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u6210\u4ed6\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u670d\u81ba\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u626c\u5f03<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u626c\u5f03\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u624d\u83b7\u5f97\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u4e4b\u89e3\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6240\u53ca\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u5207\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u6df7\u5408\u653f\u4f53\u4e4b\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\uff0c\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u4eba\uff0c\u6ce2\u65af\u4eba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u6781\u5176\u964c\u751f\u7684\u653f\u4f53\u9009\u9879\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7406\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4e13\u5236\u548c\u7687\u6743\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u6781\u6743\u3002\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ea\u662f\uff12\uff10\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u6781\u7aef\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u9009\u9879\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u65f6\u671f\u624d\u88ab\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u76f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u751a\u81f3\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u5173\u4e8e\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u79cd\u65cf\u6b67\u89c6\u8bf4\uff09\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5343\u5e74\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5728\u8bf4\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u5f0f\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bfe\u9898\u5c31\u662f<\/span>“<\/span>\u6211\u53ea\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u65e0\u77e5<\/span>……”<\/span>\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u3002\uff08\u800c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6c64\u56e0\u6bd4\u6240\u8bf4\u53ea\u6709\u54f2\u5b66\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u5b97\u6559\u5bf9\u4e8e\uff12\uff10\u4e16\u7eaa\u624d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u6325\u5f71\u54cd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8be5\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u9192\u3002\uff09\u56e0\u4e3a\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u53cc\u5c42\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u53cc\u5c42\u89c2\u5ff5\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\uff0c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u9762\u5bf9\u96c5\u5178\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u6cd5\u5236\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u53c8\u5bf9\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u6279\u5224\u96c5\u5178\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u800c\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u548c\u4e13\u5236\u50ed\u4e3b\u514b\u5229\u63d0\u4e9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u88ab\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4f17\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u575a\u6301\u6c11\u4e3b\u548c\u62b5\u5236\u50ed\u653f\u800c\u5904\u6b7b\u4e86\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u3002\uff08\u5173\u4e8e\u514b\u5229\u63d0\u4e9a<\/span>Kritias——Critias (\/\u02c8kr\u026ati\u0259s\/;
Greek: Κριτίας, Kritias; c. 460 – 403 BCE) was an ancient Athenian
political figure and author. Born in Athens, Critias was the son of
Callaeschrus and a first cousin of Plato’s mother Perictione. He
became a leading and violent member of the Thirty Tyrants. He also was
an associate of Socrates, a fact that did not endear Socrates to the
Athenian public.\/<\/span>\u4ed6\u662f\u4e09\u5341\u50ed\u4e3b\u66b4\u52a8\u7684\u9886\u8896\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\u96c5\u5178\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u82cf\u6c0f\u7684\u538c\u6076\u3002\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u8d44\u6599\uff09\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5173\u7167\u7684\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u867d\u7136\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u548c\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u6279\u5224\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u6bd5\u7adf\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u8005\u548c\u80af\u5b9a\u8005\u3002\u4f55\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u548c\u8bba\u8ff0\u8005\uff08\u89c1\u5176\u6df7\u5408\u653f\u4f53\u8bf4\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9f3b\u7956\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u770b\u51fa\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u574f\u4e1c\u897f<\/span>——<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u4e4b\u6700\u597d<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u8981\u7528\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e4b\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u8fd9\u6837\u8a00\u8bf4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u6bd4\u5982\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u50ed\u4e3b\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u4e88\u91c7\u7eb3<\/span>——<\/span>\u4eba\u4eec\u8bf4\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u72b9\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u52a0\u7ade\u6280\u4e4b\u4eba\u5374\u8981\u593a\u53d6\u6842\u51a0\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7406\u60f3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u96c5\u5178\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u6765\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\uff0c\u795e\u5723\u7f57\u9a6c\u56fd\u4eba\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b11\u8bdd<\/span>——<\/span>\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6559\u5408\u4e00\u8bf4\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u7248\u548c\u5e7b\u89c9\u7248\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\uff12\uff10\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6559\u5408\u4e00\u7248\u5728\u7eb3\u7cb9\u548c\u5217\u5b81\u90a3\u91cc\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u8def\u7684\u51fa\u8def\uff1b\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fa\u8def\u73b0\u5728\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u540e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5357\u6a58\u5317\u67b3\u7248\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u795e\u6cbb\u56fd\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f55\u4ee5\u548c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ea7\u751f\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u548c\u795e\u6cbb\u56fd\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u4ece\u672a\u6765\u8d70\u5411\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5e7b\u89c9\u3002\u672a\u6765\u548c\u672a\u6765\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f55\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u8fc7\u53bb\u548c\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u548c\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u6279\u5224\u627e\u5230\u7406\u636e\uff08\u5217\u5b81\u8bed\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u786e\u5b9e\u5fc5\u987b\u6ee1\u8db3\u5f88\u591a\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u795e\u6cbb\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u8036\u7a23\uff08\u6291\u6216\u8036\u548c\u534e\uff09\u8981\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u5e10\u5e55\u4e4b\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u4e4b\u671f\u9890<\/span>——<\/span>\u5c31\u50cf\u5723\u7ecf\u542f\u793a\u5f55\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u8981\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u7a23\u4e0d\u662f\u8385\u4e34\u4e8e\u5929\uff0c\u548c\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u7075\u9b42\uff08\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u6b7b\u9b42\u7075\u8fd8\u662f\u6d3b\u9b42\u7075\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u76f4\u5230\u6c38\u6052\uff08\u800c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u672a\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u548c\u73b0\u5728\u65f6\u7684\u603b\u4f53<\/span>——<\/span>\u5c31\u50cf\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u7684\u6590\u6d1b\u6279\u5224\u65f6\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6216\u8005\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u76f8\u4fe1\u5168\u90e8<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5168\u90e8\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d<\/span>……<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u5c31\u662f\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u7684\u672a\u6765\u56fd<\/span>——<\/span>\u4ed6\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\u4e0a\u5e1d<\/span>——<\/span>\u671f\u5f85\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u8385\u4e34\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6210\u4e3a\u4e07\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e07\u6c11\u4e4b\u738b<\/span>——<\/span>\u54c8\u6765\u8def\u4e9a\uff01\u4e00\u5207\u4e0d\u670d\u5e94\u8005\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u8005\u90fd\u8981\u53d7\u5230\u672b\u65e5\u5ba1\u5224\uff08\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u672b\u65e5\u5ba1\u5224\uff1f\u7ef4\u57fa\u8d44\u6599<\/span>——

<\/span>\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\uff08\u82f1\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>Christian eschatology<\/span>\uff09\u6307\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5173\u4e8e\u672b\u4e16\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/span>ta eschata (the lastthings)<\/span>\uff0c\u672b\u540e\u4e4b\u4e8b\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u4e43\u5efa\u57fa\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e4b\u5386\u53f2\u89c2\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5982\u76f4\u7ebf\u822c\uff08<\/span>linear<\/span>\uff09\u524d\u8fdb\u8fc8\u5411\u7ec8\u5c40\u3002\u672b\u4e16\u662f\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5f53\u4eca\u65f6\u4ee3\u7ec8\u7ed3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0e\u8036\u7a23\u518d\u4e34\u65f6\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u4fd7\u79f0\u4e16\u754c\u672b\u65e5\uff09\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u4fe1\u9760\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6765\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u516c\u7406\u4e0e\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u6765\u4e34\uff0c\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u671f\u76fc\u7684\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672b\u4e16\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5f53\u4eca\u65f6\u4ee3\u7ec8\u7ed3\u65f6\u5019\u4eba\u7c7b\u6b7b\u4ea1\u73b0\u8c61\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff0c\u5373\u7075\u9b42\u6240\u4f9d\u9644\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e0d\u518d\u5982\u540c\u73b0\u4eca\u8089\u4f53\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ecd\u62e5\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u8f7d\u4f53\u4f9d\u7167\u5176\u7075\u9b42\u72b6\u51b5\u88ab\u5206\u522b\u5b89\u6392\u8fdb\u5165\u6c38\u751f\u4e0e\u6c38\u6b7b\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u57fa\u7763\u518d\u6765\u65f6\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u6c38\u8fdc\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8036\u7a23\u5373\u5c06\u518d\uff08\uff01\uff09\uff09\u6765\u4e34\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u6765\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u8bf4\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u76f4\u63a5\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u542b\u4e49\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u590d\u6765\u770b\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\uff09<\/span>——

<\/span>\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u53ef\u80fd\u9996\u521b\u4e86<\/span>“<\/span>\u795e\u6cbb\u56fd<\/span>”<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u53ca\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u6c11\u628a\u81f3\u9ad8\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u6388\u4e88\u541b\u738b\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6388\u4e88\u5be1\u5934\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e9b\u5219\u6388\u4e88\u6c11\u4f17\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u8d50\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\uff3b\u6469\u897f\uff3d\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u6240\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span>——<\/span>\u5982\u679c\u5bb9\u8bb8\u6211\u81ea\u521b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u8bdd<\/span>——‘<\/span>\u795e\u6cbb\u56fd<\/span>’<\/span>\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u4e3b\u6743\u548c\u6743\u67c4\u90fd\u64cd\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u624b\u4e2d\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u89e3\u91ca\u795e\u6cbb\u56fd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u82f1\u6587\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7684<\/span>——

Theocracy is a form of government in which a deity is the source from
which all authority derives. The Oxford English Dictionary has this
definition:

1. a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

1.1. the commonwealth of Israel from the time of Moses until the
election of Saul as King.

<\/span>\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\u7ef4\u57fa\uff09\u795e\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u4ee5\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u3002\u6b64\u6982\u5ff5\u81ea\u53e4\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u5c0a\u5949\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u6cd5\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u53ca\u4f0a\u6717\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7b49\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u65f6\u4ee3\u6b27\u6d32\u4e5f\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u795e\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5728\u6559\u6743\u5927\u4e8e\u653f\u6743\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6559\u5b97\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u652f\u914d\u3001\u5784\u65ad\u6574\u4e2a\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u751a\u81f3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e8e\u662f\u5728\u6b64\u4e24\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u9762\u662f\u672a\u6765\u56fd\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u8036\u7a23\uff08\u964d\u4e34\uff09\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u65b0\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7<\/span>……

<\/span>\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u9762\u662f\u4e1a\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u5f20\u4e09\u674e\u56db\u738b\u4e94\u4e4b\u795e\u5723\u56fd\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e8e\u662f\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f53\u4ee3\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5411\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u5206\u6790\u540c\u6837\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6c11\u4e3b\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u795e\u7957\u5fd2\u4f11\u65af\u662f\u96c5\u5178\u57ce\u90a6\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u795e\u8fd8\u662f\u4eba<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6837\u63a5\u7eed\u5173\u4e4e\u4e8e\u6b64\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\uff09\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5fd2\u4f11\u65af<\/span>——

<\/span>\u706b\u795e\u8d6b\u6590\u65af\u5854\u65af<\/span>7<\/span>\u4e16\u5b59\uff0c\u57c3\u91cc\u514b\u7279\u7fc1\u5c3c\u4e9a\u65af<\/span>6<\/span>\u4e16\u5b59\uff0c\u6f58\u72c4\u7fc1<\/span>5<\/span>\u4e16\u5b59\uff0c\u5384\u745e\u514b\u900f\u65af\u7384\u5b59\uff0c\u523b\u514b\u6d1b\u666e\u65af\u66fe\u5b59\uff0c\u6f58\u72c4\u7fc1<\/span>2<\/span>\u4e16\u5b59\uff0c<\/span>……

<\/span>\u96c5\u5178\u6240\u5728\u7684\u963f\u63d0\u5361\u6709<\/span>4<\/span>\u4e2a\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90e8\u843d\u6709<\/span>3<\/span>\u4e2a\u80de\u65cf\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u80de\u65cf\u6709<\/span>30<\/span>\u4e2a\u6c0f\u65cf\u3002\u5404\u90e8\u843d\u5f7c\u6b64\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7531\u4e8e\u9636\u7ea7\u5206\u5316\u548c\u5916\u6765\u79fb\u6c11\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u6c0f\u65cf\u6210\u5458\u88ab\u6392\u65a5\u5728\u6c0f\u65cf\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u6742\u5c45\uff0c\u79e9\u5e8f\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u5fd2\u4fee\u65af\u6539\u9769\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8003\u53e4\u6750\u6599\u548c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5fd2\u4fee\u65af\u6539\u9769\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7ea6\u4e3a\u516c\u5143\u524d<\/span>9<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\uff1a<\/span>1<\/span>\u3001\u4ee5\u96c5\u5178\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u8bae\u4e8b\u4f1a\u548c\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u5148\u524d\u5404\u57ce\u9547\u548c\u5404\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u8bae\u4e8b\u4f1a\u548c\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/span>2<\/span>\u3001\u628a\u963f\u63d0\u5361\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u5206\u4e3a\u8d35\u65cf\u3001\u519c\u6c11\u548c\u624b\u5de5\u4e1a\u8005<\/span>3<\/span>\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u53ea\u6709\u8d35\u65cf\u624d\u80fd\u62c5\u4efb\u5b98\u804c\u3002\u5fd2\u4fee\u65af\u7684\u6539\u9769\u4f7f\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u6c0f\u65cf\u5236\u5ea6\u906d\u5230\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u662f\u96c5\u5178\u56fd\u5bb6\u840c\u82bd\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6539\u9769\u4e5f\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u8d35\u65cf\u4e13\u6743\uff0c<\/span>1<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>1<\/span>\u4efb\u7684<\/span>9<\/span>\u540d\u6267\u653f\u5b98\u5168\u7531\u8d35\u65cf\u62c5\u4efb\uff0c\u8d35\u65cf\u5784\u65ad\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u3001\u884c\u653f\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u7b49\u4e00\u5207\u5927\u6743\u3002\u8d35\u65cf\u8fd8\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u5bf9\u5e73\u6c11\u8fdb\u884c\u6b8b\u9177\u5265\u524a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u653e\u4ee5\u4eba\u8eab\u4e3a\u4f4e\u62bc\u7684\u9ad8\u5229\u8d37\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bb8\u591a\u96c5\u5178\u5e73\u6c11\u6ca6\u4e3a\u503a\u52a1\u5974\u96b6\u3002\u5e73\u6c11\u4e0e\u8d35\u65cf\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u6fc0\u5316\u3002<\/span>

——<\/span>\u8fd9\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u795e\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u8fd8\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u6539\u9769\u5462\uff1f\uff01<\/span>

<\/span>\u5fd2\u4f11\u65af\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u662f\u516c\u5143\u524d\uff19\uff10\uff10\u5e74\u3002\u7f57\u9a6c\u5efa\u653f\u521d\u671f\u4e4b\u5e0c\u814a\u62a4\u6559\u6d3e\u5219\u8fa9\u8bba\u4e0e\u5e0c\u814a\u72b9\u592a\u5386\u53f2\u4e4b\u77ed\u957f\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e74\u4ee3\u5404\u4e2a\u4e45\u8fdc\u5982\u4f55\u548c\u957f\u5904\u4e0e\u77ed\u5904\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u56fd\u7684\u5efa\u653f\u5219\u662f\u5728\u516c\u5143\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u548c\u5fd2\u4f11\u65af\u5386\u53f2\u4e00\u822c\uff1f\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7684\u5f02\u8bae\u3002<\/span>……<\/span>\u81f3\u5c11\u6469\u897f\u7387\u9886\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u51fa\u8d70\uff0c\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b9a\u5c45\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\uff0c\u524d\u4e1a\u5df2<\/span>“<\/span>\u6709\uff14\uff19\uff15\uff14\u5e74\uff16\u4e2a\u6708\u96f6\u5341\u5929\u4e4b\u5386\u53f2<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08\u5475\u5475\uff01\uff09\uff08\u89c1\u300a\u81f4\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u4e66<\/span>——<\/span>\u63d0\u963f\u83f2\u7f57\u7bc7\u300b\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u72b9\u5927\u56fd\u548c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u4e1a\u5df2\u8bf4\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u6469\u897f\u66fe\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u7531\u796d\u53f8\u4eec\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5236\u8861\u541b\u4e3b<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8a00\u5fd2\u4f11\u65af<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u8bae\u4e8b\u4f1a\u548c\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784<\/span>”<\/span>\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u96c5\u5178\u653f\u6cbb\u96cf\u578b\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u8bae\u4f1a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5417\uff1f\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6487\u5f00\u8001\u7279\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8bba\uff0c\u96c5\u5178\u4e43\u53ca\u5e0c\u814a\u4e00\u5343\u4e2a\u57ce\u90a6\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d\u56db\u3001\u4e94\u4e16\u7eaa\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u68ad\u7f57\uff0c\u4f2f\u5229\u514b\u91cc\u548c\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u63d0\u5c3c\u7684\u6539\u9769\u548c\u6cbb\u7406\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u574a\u95f4\u591a\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u8d58\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5012\u662f\u613f\u610f\u5c31\u5e0c\u814a\u62a4\u6559\u8005\u4eec\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u5e0c\u814a\u653f\u89c1\u4e00\u65e0\u662f\u5904\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5176\u6240\u8bb0\u8f7d\u6d89\u53ca\u548c\u8d5e\u626c\u4e4b\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u65e0\u662f\u5904\u4e4b\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e14\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u5e0c\u814a\u6700\u540e\u62b5\u6297\u8005\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5fb7\u6469\u65af\u68af\u5c3c\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff08\u89c1\u300a\u5fb7\u6469\u65af\u68af\u5c3c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b\u6c49\u68ee\u8457\uff09<\/span>——<\/span>\u4e8e\u6b64\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62b5\u6297\u8005\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6309\u7167\u5386\u53f2\u5e74\u4ee3\u987a\u8bf4\u4e0e\u4e4b\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f<\/span>……<\/span>\u963f\u62c9\u6258\u65af\uff0c\u514b\u5229\u5965\u7c73\u5c3c\uff0c\u5fb7\u6469\u65af\u68af\u5c3c\uff0c\u83f2\u7f57\u6ce2\u95e8\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u666e\u9c81\u5854\u514b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u540d\u4eba\u5217\u4f20\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f57\u9a6c\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u59d4\u5a49\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u6297\u8bae\u4e66<\/span>”<\/span>\uff1b\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u662f\u666e\u9c81\u5854\u514b\u89c1\u8bc1\u5e0c\u814a\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bba\u4e8e\u7f57\u9a6c\u653f\u6cbb\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u5176\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9690\u6666\u53d9\u8ff0\uff08\u89c1\u300a\u666e\u9c81\u5854\u514b\u7684\uff1c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5217\u4f20\uff1e\u300b\u8fbe\u592b\u8457\uff09\u3002\u5e0c\u814a\u8870\u4ea1\u548c\u96c5\u5178\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u8986\u4ea1\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u574a\u95f4\u4f5c\u8005\u9887\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\uff08\u89c1\u300a\u96c5\u5178\u5e1d\u56fd\u8986\u4ea1\u53f2\u300b\u5361\u6839\u8457\uff09\u3002\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8109\u7edc\u662f\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u4e4b\u8870\u4ea1\uff0c\u7f18\u4e8e\u5176\u897f\u897f\u91cc\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u548c\u5e95\u6bd4\u65af\u76f8\u7ee7\u53d6\u4ee3\u96c5\u5178\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u800c\u81ea\u8eab\u4ea6\u5df2\u8870\u8d25<\/span>——<\/span>\u4ece\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u83f2\u5f8b\u666e\u4e8c\u4e16\u4e4b\u5b50\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5927\u5e1d\u5d1b\u8d77\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u4e16\u754c\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e00\u6b21\u8870\u4ea1\uff0c\u51e0\u9762\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u5371\u673a<\/span>——<\/span>\u6b64\u523b\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u6162\u6162\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e0e\u8fe6\u592a\u57fa\u4e4b\u6218<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u8fe6\u592a\u57fa\u6218\u8d25\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u8870\u4ea1\u4e43\u53ca\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u5c45\u9c81\u58eb\u89e3\u653e\uff0c\u4e8c\u6b21\u88ab\u7f57\u9a6c\u5c06\u519b\u63d0\u591a\u6bc1\u706d\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u9042\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u81ea\u6740\u5b9a\u7406<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u81ea\u6740\uff08\u5b9e\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6740\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u4e3b\u4e49\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e1c\u6559\u897f\u6e10\u4e4b\u5931\u8d25<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u4e4b\u4e1c\u3001\u897f\u5939\u7f1d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u800c\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u4ece\u7f57\u9a6c\u51fa\u53d1\u4e1c\u5f81\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u4e4b\u897f\u6559\u4e1c\u6e10\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u6f14\u7ece\u6210\u4e3a\u7f57\u9a6c<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e4b\u4e1c\uff08\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\uff09\u548c\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e4b\u897f\uff08\u68b5\u8482\u5188\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u6210\u4e86\u81ea\u8eab\u5206\u88c2\u548c\u6574\u5408\u5931\u8d25\u4e4b\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/span>“1095<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u6559\u5b97\u4e4c\u5c14\u73ed\u4e8c\u4e16\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u4e1c\u5f81\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u8be5\u662f\u4e1c\u897f\u6559\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5bf9\u6297\u5916\u654c\uff0c\u4fee\u590d\u88c2\u75d5\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u5951\u673a\uff0c\u4f46\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u4e1c\u5f81\u5f02\u6559\u5f92\u3002<\/span>1204<\/span>\u5e74\u6625\uff0c\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5821\u88ab\u653b\u9677\uff0c\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5343\u5e74\u53e4\u57ce\u88ab\u6d17\u52ab\u4e86\uff0c\u51f6\u624b\u4e0d\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u4e1c\u5f81\u7684\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1<\/span>57<\/span>\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u593a\u56de\u4e86\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5821\uff0c\u4f46\u7ecf\u6b64\u4e00\u5f79\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e0e\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u548c\u89e3\u65e0\u671b\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e5f\u4e00\u8e76\u4e0d\u632f\uff0c<\/span>1453<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u571f\u8033\u5176\u5165\u4fb5\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5821\uff0c\u706d\u4e86\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u3002<\/span>”

<\/span><\/p>

\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u63a2\u7d22\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u4e4b\u653f\u5efa\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/span> <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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