{"id":84827,"date":"2018-07-23T01:53:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-23T01:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=84827 "},"modified":"2018-07-23T01:53:00","modified_gmt":"2018-07-23T01:53:00","slug":"84827-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=84827","title":{"rendered":"\u5218\u81ea\u7acb\uff1a\u72b9\u592a\u5316\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u548c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5316\u8bd5\u9274"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

\"\"<\/p>

\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u56fe\u7247\uff09<\/span><\/p>

 <\/p>


<\/p>


<\/span>\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5e1d\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u5730\u4f4d\uff1b\u4e00\u822c\u8a00\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u524d\u8fc7\u6e21\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5e0c\u814a\u4e16\u754c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u81ea\u8eab\u81ea\u6215\u7684\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u4ece\u79d1\u6797\u65af\u6218\u5f79\u5230\u7559\u514b\u7279\u62c9\u6218\u5f79\uff0c\u96c5\u5178\uff0c\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u548c\u5e95\u6bd4\u65af\u76f8\u7ee7\u80dc\u3001\u8d25\u800c\u9ec4\u96c0\u5728\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ec4\u96c0\u5c31\u662f\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u738b\u56fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u738b\u56fd\u4e8e\u5580\u7f57\u5c3c\u4e9a\u6218\u5f79\u6218\u80dc\u96c5\u5178\u548c\u5e95\u6bd4\u65af\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u5e0c\u814a\u9738\u4e3b\u3002\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96c5\u5178\u7f51\u5f00\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e86\u5e95\u6bd4\u65af\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e5f\u88ab\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u96c5\u5178\u81ea\u6b64\u5931\u53bb\u81ea\u7531\uff08\u4ee5\u540e\u5b89\u63d0\u5e15\u7279\u8ba9\u5b83\u5931\u53bb\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u590d\u5174\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u7684\u514b\u91cc\u5965\u7c73\u5c3c\u4e4b\u5bc4\u6258\u57c3\u53ca\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u548c\u897f\u897f\u7fc1\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u6258\u65af\u5bc4\u6258\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u590d\u5174\u5e0c\u814a\u4e16\u754c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u5fb7\u6469\u65af\u8482\u5c3c\u53cd\u5bf9\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u548c\u5b89\u63d0\u5e15\u7279\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u81ea\u6740\u6b89\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u542b\u83f2\u6d1b\u6ce2\u95e8\u5728\u5185\u7684<\/span>“<\/span>\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u4eba\uff0c\u57c3\u53ca\u4eba\u548c\u585e\u7409\u53e4\u4eba<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4fbf\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e09\u56fd\u9f0e\u7acb\uff08\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u6269\u5145\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u5982\u5e15\u63d0\u4e9a\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\uff09\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u5e0c\u814a\uff0c\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e0c\u814a\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd8\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u81ea\u7531\uff1f\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u96c5\u5178\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u6df7\u5408\u653f\u6cbb\uff1f\u6709\u6ce2\u5229\u6bd4\u5965\u300a\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u5d1b\u8d77\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u5e8f\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u7fc1\u5609\u58f0\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5fb7\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e8e\u662f\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0b\u5c71\uff08\u7ecf\u8fc7\u642d\u5c71\uff0c\u653b\u9876\uff01\uff09\u6216\u5815\u843d\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u80cc\u79bb\u53e4\u5178\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5178\u8303\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u518d\u8bf4\u5178\u96c5\u7684\u96c5\u5178\u5e0c\u814a\u6587\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u666e\u901a\u5e0c\u814a\u6587\uff1b\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u4e0d\u518d\u751f\u6d3b\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u57ce\u90a6\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff1b\u800c\u662f\u53d7\u72ec\u88c1\u541b\u738b\u7684\u5bb0\u5236\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u5f62\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e0c\u814a\u5316<\/span>”<\/span>\u3002\uff08\u867d\u7136\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u4eba\u5bf9\u6b64\u6301\u6709\u5f02\u8bae\uff09\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u4e09\u56fd\u9f0e\u7acb\u4e4b\u5c40\u9762\u5c31\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6258\u52d2\u5bc6\u57c3\u53ca\uff0c\u5b89\u63d0\u67ef\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u548c\u585e\u7409\u897f\u53d9\u5229\u4e9a\u4e09\u738b\u56fd\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cdb\u6cdb\u7684\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u4e4b\u5224\u5b9a\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u5316\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5bf9\u6b64\u7684\u62b5\u5236\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u8981\u665a\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff09\u65b9\u5174\u672a\u827e\uff0c\u6b64\u8d77\u5f7c\u4f0f<\/span>;<\/span>\u800c<\/span>“<\/span>\u5e0c\u814a\u5316<\/span>”<\/span>\u4e11\u5316\u8005\u585e\u7409\u53e4\u7684\u5b89\u6761\u514b\u56db\u4e16\u4ee5\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5b9e\u65bd\u66b4\u884c\u8457\u79f0\u4e8e\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u5927\u5c60\u6740<\/span>HOLOCAUST<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u53ca\u5176\u6740\u622e\u884c\u4e3a\u63a8\u5411\u540e\u4e16\uff0c\u8ba9\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4e8e<\/span>20<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u7ee7\u7eed\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u5c60\u6740<\/span>——<\/span>\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6574\u4f53\u7099\u70e4\u7272\u755c\u4e4b\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u727a\u7272\u4e4b\u706b\u62ef\u6551\u5723\u6bbf<\/span>——<\/span>\u53c8\uff0c<\/span>“<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u51fa\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed<\/span>OLAH<\/span>\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f<\/span>‘<\/span>\u5411\u4e0a<\/span>’<\/span>\uff0c\u6697\u6307\u6574\u53ea\u52a8\u7269\u71d4\u796d\u65f6\u7684\u70df<\/span>‘<\/span>\u5411\u4e0a<\/span>’<\/span>\u98d8\u5f80\u4e0a\u5e1d<\/span>”<\/span>\u3002<\/span>(<\/span>\u300a\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u4e09\u5343\u5e74\u300b\u897f\u95e8\uff0e\u8499\u8482\u83f2\u5965\u91cc\uff09\u800c\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u5bb6\u65cf\u9a6c\u52a0\u6bd4<\/span>“<\/span>\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u548c\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u66b4\u541b\u4e00\u6837\u6b8b\u66b4\u884c\u4e8b\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08\u540c\u4e0a\uff09<\/span>

<\/span>\u6240\u8c13<\/span>“<\/span>\u72b9\u592a\u5316<\/span>”<\/span>\u6700\u4e3a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u662f\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5927\u5e1d\u9020\u8bbf\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u5723\u6bbf<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5723\u6bbf\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5723\u6bbf<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5723\u6bbf\u88ab\u5e0c\u5f8b\u738b\u590d\u5efa\u548c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5c06\u519b\u63d0\u591a\u6363\u6bc1\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5723\u6bbf\u7684\u524d\u9014\u6b63\u5982\u8036\u7a23\u66fe\u7ecf\u9884\u8a00\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u7136\u503e\u8986\u3002\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u7684\u5230\u8bbf\u548c\u524d\u6b64\u8036\u7a23\u5230\u8bbf\u4e4b\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u6709\u8da3\u800c\u6df1\u523b<\/span>——“<\/span>\u8036\u7a23\u6765\u5230\u5723\u6bbf\u662f\u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1a\u5927\u7ea6\u5728\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u795e\u5b50\u8036\u7a23\uff08<\/span>Jesus<\/span>\uff09\u5728\u4e16\u95f4\u4f20\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u5949\u8005\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u800c\u89e6\u6012\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u88ab\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u6240\u4ec7\u89c6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u4e0a\u5c42\u4eba\u7269\u60f3\u8981\u6293\u4f4f\u8036\u7a23\u5e76\u6740\u5bb3\u4ed6\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u8036\u7a23\u5374\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u5723\u5730<\/span>—–<\/span>\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7<\/span>(Jerusalem)<\/span>\u3002\u8036\u7a23\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u9884\u89c1\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5c06\u8981\u88ab\u574f\u4eba\u9489\u6b7b\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e4b\u540e\u72b9\u592a\u6c11\u65cf\u5c06\u8981\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u82e6\u96be\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5728\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u548c\u95e8\u5f92\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u6e38\u89c8\u4e86\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u5723\u6bbf\u3002\u5f53\u8036\u7a23\u548c\u95e8\u5f92\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70\u51fa\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u5723\u6bbf\u65f6\uff0c\u95e8\u5f92\u4eec\u8fd8\u5728\u56de\u5473\u7740\u5723\u6bbf\u7684\u91d1\u78a7\u8f89\u714c\u3002<\/span>

……<\/span>\u95e8\u5f92\u770b\u5230\u5723\u6bbf\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u548c\u96c4\u4f1f\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6fc0\u52a8\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u95e8\u5f92\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c<\/span>‘<\/span>\u592b\u5b50\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u77f3\u5934\uff0c\u4f55\u7b49\u7684\u6bbf\u5b87\uff01<\/span>’

<\/span>\u7136\u800c\u8036\u7a23\u5374\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span>‘<\/span>\u4f60\u770b\u89c1\u8fd9\u5927\u6bbf\u5b87\u5417\uff1f\u5c06\u6765\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u5757\u77f3\u5934\u7559\u5728\u77f3\u5934\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u88ab\u62c6\u6bc1\u4e86\u3002<\/span>’……<\/span>\u8036\u7a23\u53c8\u9884\u8a00\u4e86\u5723\u6bbf\u88ab\u6bc1\u706d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a<\/span>‘<\/span>\u4f60\u4eec\u770b\u89c1\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u88ab\u5175\u56f4\u56f0\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u6210\u8352\u573a\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u8fd1\u4e86\uff1b\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u7684\u5e94\u5f53\u9003\u5230\u5c71\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u57ce\u91cc\u7684\u5e94\u5f53\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u4e61\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0d\u8981\u9032\u57ce\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u62a5\u5e94\u7684\u65e5\u5b50<\/span>’<\/span>\uff1b<\/span>‘<\/span>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c06\u6709\u5927\u707e\u96be\u964d\u5728\u8fd9\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u9707\u6012\u4e34\u5230\u8fd9\u767e\u59d3\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u5012\u5728\u5200\u4e0b\uff0c\u53c8\u88ab\u63b3\u5230\u5404\u56fd\u53bb<\/span>’<\/span>\u3002<\/span>”

<\/span>\u6b64\u5176\u4e00\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u8bf4\uff0c\u5723\u6bbf\u5c06\u4e00\u77f3\u4e0d\u7559\u5730\u503e\u8986\uff08\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff09\uff1b\u4e8c\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5723\u6bbf\u53d8\u6210\u5e02\u573a\u4e5f\u66fe\u7ecf\u6012\u4e0d\u53ef\u904f\u3002\u7565\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u800c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e5f\u9020\u8bbf\u8fc7\u5723\u6bbf\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u8bf4\u6709\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7275\u5f3a\u9644\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u91c7\u4fe1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u89c6\u542c\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5<\/span>——

“In circa 70 AD, the historian Josephus Flavius wrote that after the
conquering of Tyre and the siege of Gaza, Alexander visited Jerusalem.
At the entrance of the city, he met the Hebrew Archpriest, Simon the
Just, and many other priests and people.

<\/span>\u7d04\u83ab\u5728\u516c\u5143<\/span>70<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5f17\u62c9\u7dad\u5967\u30fb\u7d04\u745f\u592b\u65af\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u5f81\u670d\u6cf0\u723e\u548c\u570d\u56f0\u52a0\u6c99\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u62dc\u8a2a\u4e86\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u3002\u5728\u7d93\u904e\u9019\u5ea7\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5927\u9580\u7684\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u898b\u5230\u4e86\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u5927\u796d\u53f8\uff0c\u516c\u6b63\u8005\u897f\u9580\u9084\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8a31\u591a\u796d\u53f8\u8207\u4eba\u6c11\u3002<\/span>

Alexander always respected the rules characteristic for the places he
visited, so he descended his horse and went to greet the Jewish
Archpriest. Alexander’s general Parmenion suggested that the soldiers
were displeased that he greeted the Jewish Priest first. Alexander
answered that he didn’t greet the priest, but the God he represented.
As Josephus wrote:

<\/span>\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u59cb\u7d42\u90fd\u5c0d\u4ed6\u6240\u62dc\u8a2a\u904e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u98a8\u4fd7\u6c11\u60c5\u76f8\u7576\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4e3b\u52d5\u4e0b\u99ac\u8fce\u63a5\u7336\u592a\u796d\u53f8\u3002\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u7684\u5c07\u8ecd\u5e15\u66fc\u7d10\u544a\u8a34\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff0c\u58eb\u5175\u4e0d\u6703\u6a02\u898b\u65bc\u4ed6\u5c45\u7136\u628a\u6703\u898b\u796d\u53f8\u64fa\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u3002\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u96a8\u5373\u7b54\u9053\uff0c\u4ed6\u6703\u898b\u7684\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u796d\u53f8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u796d\u53f8\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u7d04\u745f\u592b\u65af\u5beb\u8aaa\uff1a<\/span>

”And when he had said this to Parmenion, and had given the
high-priest his right hand, the priests ran along by him, and he came
into the city. And when he went up into the temple, he offered
sacrifice to God, according to the high-priest’s direction, and
magnificently treated both the high-priest and the priests. And when
the Book of Daniel was showed him where in Daniel declared that one of
the Greeks should destroy the empire of the Persians, he supposed that
himself was the person intended.”

“<\/span>\u7576\u4ed6\u9019\u9ebc\u7b54\u8986\u5b8c\u5e15\u66fc\u7d10\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5411\u5927\u796d\u53f8\u4f38\u51fa\u4e86\u53f3\u624b\uff0c\u796d\u53f8\u8207\u4ed6\u4e00\u540c\u96a8\u884c\uff0c\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u5c31\u9019\u9ebc\u9032\u57ce\u4e86\u3002\u7576\u4f86\u8d70\u9032\u795e\u6bbf\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f9d\u7167\u5927\u796d\u53f8\u7684\u6307\u793a\u5411\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9032\u884c\u737b\u796d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5f85\u5927\u796d\u53f8\u548c\u796d\u53f8\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u4e5f\u7121\u53ef\u6311\u5254\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u898b\u88ab\u905e\u5230\u4ed6\u9762\u524d\u7684\u300a\u4f46\u4ee5\u7406\u66f8\u300b\u660e\u78ba\u8a18\u8f09\u8457\u5c07\u6703\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u5e0c\u81d8\u4eba\u6467\u6bc0\u6ce2\u65af\u5e1d\u570b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u6df1\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u500b\u5929\u9078\u4e4b\u4eba\u3002<\/span>”

Alexander’s name was added into the genealogy of the Jewish community,
giving him a divine quality. Moreover, the Greek word ‘Synagogue’
dates back to the times when Alexander gave freedom for various Jewish
gatherings. The annual Hebrew Convention that used to take place in
Jerusalem was also called “Synitrins”, from the Greek word Συνέδριο.

<\/span>\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u88ab\u7d0d\u5165\u4e86\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7684\u7cfb\u8b5c\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u795e\u8056\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u9084\u6709\uff0c\u5e0c\u81d8\u55ae\u8a5e<\/span>“Synagogue”<\/span>\uff08\u7336\u592a\u6703\u5802\uff09\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u5176\u5be6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u89e3\u653e\u90a3\u4e9b\u7336\u592a\u6559\u5802\u7684\u6642\u5019\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u5728\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u8209\u884c\u7684\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u5927\u6703\u4e5f\u88ab\u7a31\u4f5c<\/span>“Synitrins”<\/span>\uff0c\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u5e0c\u81d8\u55ae\u8a5e<\/span>Συνέδριο<\/span>\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08\u800c\u300a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u4f5c\u8005\u6c99\u9a6c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b64\u4f20\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c45\u4fe1\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u7684\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u8db3<\/span>……<\/span>\u3002\uff09<\/span>


<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f20\u8bf4\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u5316\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u535a\u5f08\u548c\u878d\u5408\u3002\u867d\u7136\u878d\u5408\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6218\u6597\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u5e0c\u814a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u8bed\u7109\u4e0d\u8be6\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5b89\u63d0\u5e15\u7279\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u96c5\u5178\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u786e\u4e3a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\uff08<\/span>“<\/span>\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5927\u5e1d\u901d\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u65b0\u4efb\u5e1d\u56fd\u6444\u653f\u4f69\u5c14\u72c4\u5361\u65af\u8ba9\u5b89\u63d0\u5e15\u7279\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a7\u5236\u5e0c\u814a\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u901d\u4e16\uff0c\u5b89\u63d0\u5e15\u7279\u9762\u4e34\u96c5\u5178\u3001\u57c3\u6258\u5229\u4e9a\u548c\u8272\u8428\u5229\u7684\u53cd\u53db\uff0c\u7206\u53d1\u62c9\u7c73\u4e9a\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u800c\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u57ce\u90a6\u4e5f\u8bd5\u56fe\u4e89\u53d6\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3002\u5728\u524d<\/span>322<\/span>\u5e74\u5b89\u63d0\u5e15\u7279\u5728\u514b\u62c9\u7279\u9c81\u65af\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8e\u514b\u5170\u519c\u6218\u5f79\u51fb\u7834\u53db\u519b\u3002\u56e0\u96c5\u5178\u53c2\u4e88\u53db\u4e71\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b89\u63d0\u5e15\u7279\u5f3a\u8feb\u96c5\u5178\u5b9e\u884c\u5be1\u5934\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u96c5\u5178\u4ea4\u51fa\u72c4\u6469\u897f\u5c3c\uff08\u5fb7\u6469\u65af\u68af\u5c3c\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u72c4\u6469\u897f\u5c3c\u4e3a\u514d\u4e8e\u843d\u5165\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u800c\u81ea\u6740\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\uff09\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u8d44\u6599\uff09<\/span>

<\/span>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96c5\u5178\u4e4b\u6d88\u706d\u6210\u4e3a\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u53cd\u5bf9\u5e0c\u814a\u4ef7\u503c\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6240\u5728\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u4e4b\u540e\u65f6\u671f<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e0c\u814a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53c8\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u7f57\u9a6c<\/span>——<\/span>\u6210\u4e3a\u62dc\u5360\u5ead<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u81ea\u6b64\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u548c\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u524d\u54e8<\/span>——<\/span>\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u662f\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff08\u6b64\u756a\u8bae\u8bba\u4e5f\u8bb8\u7586\u57df\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u6253\u4f4f\u3002\uff09\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u4f55\u610f\uff1f\u5b83\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5341\u5206\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u62dc\u5360\u65af\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>“<\/span>\u76f2\u57ce<\/span>”<\/span>\u8fe6\u514b\u58a9<\/span>\/<\/span>\u5361\u5c14\u65af\u987f\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f2\u57ce\u4e4b\u8fb9\u5c31\u662f\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u6ce2\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u88ab\u5e0c\u814a\u96c5\u5178\u4eba\u548c\u65af\u5df4\u8fbe\u4eba\u5360\u9886\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u65f6\u671f\u4e4b\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u3001\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u3001\u72b9\u592a\u5316\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6\u4e4b\u5730\uff08\u867d\u7136\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5927\u90e8\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u57ce<\/span>……<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e03\u3001\u516b\u5341\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540e\u6765\u7684\u4e1c\u6b63\u6559\u3001\u4e1c\u7f57\u9a6c\u548c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u5766\u5e03\u5c14\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u8f68\u8ff9\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u897f\u65b9\u3001\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u4ece\u897f\u65b9\u62c9\u626f\u51fa\u5c40\u4e86\uff1b\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e4b\u5730\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u800c\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u88ab\u795e\u6bbf\u6bc1\u706d\u8005\u63d0\u591a\u548c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5c3c\u7984\uff0c\u54c8\u5fb7\u826f\uff0c\u56fe\u62c9\u771f\uff08<\/span>115<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\uff0d\u72b9\u592a\u88d4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u884c\u7701\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u9a9a\u4e71\uff0c\u5e76\u9010\u6e10\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u4e86\u6709\u5e9e\u5927\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u7fa4\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u57c3\u53ca\u3001\u6614\u5170\u5c3c\u52a0\u4ee5\u53ca\u585e\u6d66\u8def\u65af\u3002\u56fe\u62c9\u771f\u88ab\u8feb\u4ece\u4e24\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u56de\u5e08\u9547\u538b\u9a9a\u4e71\uff0c\u5e76\u4efb\u547d\u517b\u5b50\u54c8\u5fb7\u826f\u4e3a\u5b89\u606f\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u603b\u6307\u6325<\/span>\/<\/span>\u7ef4\u57fa\u8d44\u6599\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u4e4b\u4e3a\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u9f13\u566a\u548c\u6bc1\u706d\u72b9\u592a\u4e4b\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u8005\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u7684\u5f00\u5c40\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u540e\u6765\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff1b\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u548c\u6c34\u6676\u4e4b\u591c\uff08\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u68b5\u8482\u5188\u4e3a\u6b64\u9053\u6b49\u3002\u89c1\u540e\u3002\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u524d\u8eab\u4e4b\u4fdd\u7f57\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f7c\u5f97\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9aa8\u6b96\u5efa\u6bbf\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u591a\u4f2f\u7984\uff08\u4fdd\u7f57\uff09\u5723\u5f7c\u5f97\u6559\u5802\u4e4b\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u6070\u6070\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8036\u548c\u534e\u5927\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u5927\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u4e0d\u793a\u81ea\u660e\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u88ab\u897f\u65b9\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u548c\u96c5\u5178\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u96c5\u5178\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e1a\u5df2\u53d8\u6210\u897f\u65b9\u4e4b\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u653f\u6cbb\u5b97\u6559\u9738\u6743\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5efa\u7b51\u5728\u7f57\u9a6c\uff0c\u5728\u68b5\u8482\u5188\uff0c\u5728\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u4e4b\u897f\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559<\/span>–<\/span>\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8f6c\u53d8\u548c\u626c\u5f03\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559<\/span>–<\/span>\u72b9\u592a\u6559<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u62dc\u5360\u5ead\uff0c\u626c\u5f03\u4e86\u96c5\u5178\u3002\u6700\u4e3a\u4e25\u683c\u548c\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6b63\u4e43\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u800c\u8d70\u5411\u4e00\u8def\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u7684\u541b\u4e3b\u6587\u660e\uff08\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u5426\u8ba4\u5176\u541b\u4e3b\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u6b63\u9762\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u4e4b\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6587\u660e\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u5426\u8ba4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\uff1a\u6d88\u706d\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b<\/span>——<\/span>\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u7ed9\u4e0e\u96c5\u5178\u81ea\u6cbb<\/span>——<\/span>\u786e\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u771f\u6b63\u653f\u6cbb\u6587\u660e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8d25\u574f\u8005<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8f6c\u79fb\u81ea\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u6559\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u96be\u89e3\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6ce8\u5165<\/span>“<\/span>\u4eba<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5417\uff1f<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u6761\u8f68\u8ff9\u4e00\u76f4\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u795e\u5723\u7f57\u9a6c\u65f6\u671f\u4e4b\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u3002\uff09<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u63a5\u4e4b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>——“<\/span>\u4eba\u662f\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u5c3a<\/span>”<\/span>\u4e4b\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e5f\u597d\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e5f\u7f62\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u548c\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u5e94\u8be5\u4f55\u5c5e\u4f55\u5f52\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u65e2\u7136\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5e0c\u814a\u591a\u795e\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u548c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u52a0\u4e4b\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\uff0c\u4f55\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u4e00\u4e3e\u6539\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u795e\u6559\u548c\u613f\u666f\u3001\u73b0\u5b9e\u7686\u4e3a\u653f\u6559\u5408\u4e00\u4e4b\u6781\u6743\uff0c\u4e4b\u4e13\u5236<\/span>——<\/span>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53c8\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u8bdd\u9898\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u548c\u6c38\u65e0\u7b54\u6848\uff08\u6240\u77e5\u5373\u65e0\u77e5<\/span>——<\/span>\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\uff09\uff1b\u6b63\u662f\u6240\u8c13\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u9898\uff0c\u6c38\u5904\u5206\u9898<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u9ad8\u5999\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u89e3\u6784\u4e4b\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u89e3\u6784<\/span>——<\/span>\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u548c\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u5408\u9898\u662f\u5eb8\u4fd7\u8d25\u574f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u6b7b\u3002<\/span>……<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bfe\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u96be\u7f20\uff0c\u5ed3\u6e05\u4e4b\uff0c\u7406\u8fd8\u4e71\u3002\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u56de\u5230\u5e0c\u814a\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u4f1a\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6309\u7167\u5e0c\u814a\u7cbe\u795e\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6f14\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u53ea\u6709\u6c64\u56e0\u6bd4\u6709\u7740\u5173\u4e4e\u4e8e\u6b64\u7684\u72ec\u5230\u89c1\u89e3\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u65f6\u671f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u53d6\u4ee3\u5e0c\u814a\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u81ea\u8eab\u53cd\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u800c\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u7684<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u60ca\u4e16\u9a87\u4fd7\uff1b\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u53cd\u5bf9\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u4ed6\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u7cbe\u795e\uff08\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e0c\u814a\u4e1a\u6210\u4e00\u5177\u67af\u9aa8<\/span>……<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u624d\u4f7f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f97\u4ee5\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u6b64\u4e3a\u4e00\uff1b<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e8c\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u7cbe\u795e\u672c\u8eab\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u67af\u9aa8\u4e1a\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u590d\u6d3b\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6709\u6709\u7740\u767e\u5e74\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u54c8\u8499\u5c3c\u65af\u738b\u671d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u7684\u62b5\u5236\uff0c\u5374\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u975e\u653f\u6743\u5316\u548c\u975e\u5efa\u5236\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u7ec8\u5043\u65d7\u606f\u9f13<\/span>——<\/span>\u4ed6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u7ea6\u745f\u798f\u65af\u4e5f\u53d8\u6210\u94b1\u8c26\u76ca\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u4e8c\u81e3<\/span>……<\/span>\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u7248\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u6258\u52d2\u5bc6\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u585e\u7409\u53e4\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u738b\u671d\u4e43\u81f3\u5e15\u7279\u4e9a\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u90fd\u5df2\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5efa\u5236\u548c\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u7ec8\u7ed3\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4f59\u7eea\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e09\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e3a\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u65e2\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u6559\uff0c\u4e5f\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e86\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f57\u9a6c\u793e\u4f1a\u4f55\u4ee5\u5d1b\u8d77\u548c\u4e0a\u5347\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7b80\u5355\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7b80\u5355\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e86\u4e24\u5e0c\u4ef7\u503c\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u53d8\u76f8\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u6ce2\u5229\u6bd4\u5965\u5173\u4e8e\u53cd\u5bf9\u7f57\u9a6c\u662f\u75af\u72c2\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u7f57\u9a6c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e0c\u814a\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u660e\u4fee\u6808\u9053\u6697\u5ea6\u9648\u4ed3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f57\u9a6c\u6df7\u5408\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u5343\u4e2a\u57ce\u90a6\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u56db\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u975e\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u548c\u975e\u57fa\u7763\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u81ea\u8eab\u5f02\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u8eab\u6096\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd8\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u975e\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6539\u53d8\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u5c24\u897f\u6bd4\u4e4c\u65af\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u4e3b\u6d41\u6d3e\u4e9a\u6d41\u3001\u4e9a\u90a3\u4ed6\u4fee\u7b49\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4f53\u4e4b\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a<\/span>,<\/span>\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bba\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6700\u540e\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4e94\uff0c\u5173\u4e4e\u5230\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>“<\/span>\u4e00<\/span>”<\/span>\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u62a4\u6559\u8005\u53e3\u4e2d\u4e66\u4e0b\u7684\u8bba\u636e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u6469\u897f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u3002\u4e25\u683c\u800c\u8bba\uff0c\u62a4\u6559\u8005\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba9\u54f2\u5b66\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff08<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u6c64\u56e0\u6bd4\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u63d0\u5230\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u4ed6\u52bf\u5fc5\u5f71\u54cd\u5f0f\u5fae\uff0c\u5043\u65d7\u606f\u9f13<\/span>……<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e4b\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5230\u84af\u56e0\u6240\u8c13<\/span>“<\/span>\u8bcd\u4e0e\u7269<\/span>”<\/span>\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u539f\u7f6a\u4e4b\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5343\u5e74\u54f2\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5343\u5e74\u6ce8\u811a<\/span>——<\/span>\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bf4\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u8ba9\u4f4d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u548c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8bba\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5173\u7cfb<\/span>……<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u590d\u6838\u4e86\u4e00\u795e\u6559\uff0c\u662f\u574a\u95f4\u4e0d\u4e8c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u516d\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u6096\u8bba\uff0c\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f53\u5e7b\u89c9\uff08\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u6291\u6216\u5e0c\u814a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u6c11\u4fd7\u7684\u80cc\u5f03\u4e8e\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u540e\u4e16\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>——<\/span>\u867d\u7136\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u672a\u80fd\u8bd5\u884c\u4e00\u5929\u4ed6\u7684\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u540e\u4e16\u54f2\u5b66\u6096\u8bba\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff1a<\/span>

<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ef6\u7eed\u662f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6469\u897f\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\uff1f<\/span>

<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ef6\u7eed\u662f\uff0c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u8d85\u9a8c\u4e4b\u95f4\u95f4\u6027\u4f55\u5b58\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bba\u8bc1\u7684\u6096\u8bba\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ef6\u7eed\u662f\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6700\u540e\u5ba1\u5224\u548c\u5bf9\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e0a\u8bc9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5408\u6cd5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/span>

<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ef6\u7eed\u662f\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e00\u795e\u6559\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u4eba\u662f\u4e07\u7269\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u51ef\u6492\u8bf4<\/span>——<\/span>\u5982\u679c\u4e8c\u8005\u79bb\u95f4\uff0c\u5b64\u7acb\uff0c\u65e0\u52a9\uff0c\u51ef\u6492\u4e0a\u5e1d\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f52\u4e8e\u865a\u65e0\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ef6\u7eed\u662f\uff0c\u572d\u6070\u8fea\u5c3c\u8bf4\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u9075\u5faa\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u65e8\u610f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u662f\u65e0\u6d4e\u4e8e\u4e8b<\/span>……

<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ef6\u7eed\u662f\uff0c\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6b7b\u7ed3\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u5e76\u975e\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u8bf4\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u662f<\/span>N<\/span>\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u54c8\u65af\u8499\u5c3c\u738b\u671d\u548c\u9a6c\u52a0\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e66\u4e8c\u4e66\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f57\u9a6c\u6beb\u65e0\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u53cd\u6297\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4ef7\u503c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u88ab\u6570\u5178\u5fd8\u7956\u5730\u5343\u4e07\u6740\u622e\uff08\u4ece\u54c8\u5fb7\u826f\u5230\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u73a9\u7b11\u4e2d\uff0c\u96c5\u5178\uff0c\u8bf8\u57ce\u90a6\u548c\u540e\u6765\u6258\u52d2\u5bc6\uff0c\u585e\u7409\u53e4\uff0c\u9a6c\u5176\u987f\u751a\u81f3\u5e15\u63d0\u4e9a\u8bf8\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e1a\u5df2\u7f3a\u5931\u4e86\u96c5\u5178\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f53\u65f6\u5e76\u975e\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u5efa\u5236\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u96c5\u5178\u53d8\u6210\u7f57\u9a6c\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u795e\u5723\u7f57\u9a6c\u548c\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u50ed\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u6700\u540e\u7ed9\u4e86\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u5f52\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span>——<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8d6b\u8328\u5c14\uff0c\u672c\uff0d\u53e4\u91cc\u5b89\uff0c\u6885\u5384\u592b\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u653f\u8981\u8c08\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5341\u5b57\u519b\u6740\u622e\u7684\u5f80\u4e8b\u800c\u662f\u8c08\u53ca\u66f4\u52a0\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5f80\u4e8b<\/span>——<\/span>\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u5abe\u548c\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u3001\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f53\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u4eba\u7c7b\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u4f53\uff0c\u4e1a\u5df2\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4e14\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5176\u81ea\u526f\u683c\u5c14\uff08<\/span>Fugger<\/span>\uff09\u548c\u6885\u8fea\u9f50\u5bb6\u65cf\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u8ff9\uff0c\u5174\u65fa\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u53f2<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u6076\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5584\u7684\uff08<\/span>GEED  IS GOOD<\/span>\u3002\uff09<\/span>

<\/span>\u5173\u4e8e\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5efa\u56fd\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6240\u8c13<\/span>“<\/span>\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u7ef4\u62a4\u8654\u8bda\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u4f24\u5bb3\u8654\u8bda\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u5728\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u4ece\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e89\u8bba\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u548c<\/span><<\/span>\u6258\u62c9<\/span>><\/span>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u9700\u8981\u56fd\u5bb6\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u4ece\u57c3\u53ca\u56fd\u738b\u624b\u4e2d\u9003\u51fa\u6765\u4e4b\u540e\u5f62\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5728<\/span><<\/span>\u5e94\u8bb8\u4e4b\u5730<\/span>><\/span>\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002\u54c8\u65af\u8499\u5c3c\u4eba\u81ea\u8ba4\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u5927\u536b\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u501f\u53e3\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5343\u53e4\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08\u300a\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u897f\u95e8<\/span>.<\/span>\u6c99\u9a6c\uff09\u8fd9\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e9a\u592a\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5efa\u5236\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u9976\u6709\u8da3\u5473\u7684\u8bba\u9898\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5b9e\u5728\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u57c3\u53ca\u540e\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0<\/span>——<\/span>\u5341\u8beb\u662f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u5236\u7684\u6d41\u6cea\u5c71\u6797\u4e2d\u6d3e\u751f\u7684\u5f8b\u6cd5<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u7ea6\u4e66\u4e9a\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u6708\u505c\u8f6c\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd8\u5728\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u524d<\/span>——<\/span>\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u5929\u5730\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6cd5\u5236\u7684\u65e0\u56fd\u5bb6\u72b6\u6001\u5462\uff1f\u867d\u7136\uff0c\u6240\u7f57\u95e8\u548c\u5927\u536b\u56fd\u4e43\u51e0\u540e\u6765\u7684\u58eb\u5df4\u5973\u738b\u548c\u518d\u540e\u6765\u7684\u3001\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u8bb8\u4e4b\u5730\u7684\u5efa\u5236\uff0c\u65e0\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5efa\u5236\u3002\uff08\u800c\u6885\u5384\u592b\u4eba\u5728<\/span>6<\/span>\uff10\u5e74\u4ee3\u4f1a\u89c1\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u66fe\u7ecf\u544a\u77e5\uff0c\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u4eba\uff0c\u4e9a\u8ff0\u4eba\u90fd\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u552f\u72ec\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u81f3\u6d88\u706d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\uff1b\u4e91\u4e91\u300a\u6885\u5384\u592b\u4eba\u81ea\u4f20\u300b\u3002\u800c\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u63a5\u7740\u89c1\u5230\u4e86\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50<\/span>——<\/span>\u5979\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u770b\u89c1\u5979\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u50cf\u7ea2\u6d77\u5206\u5f00\u4e00\u6837\u4e3a\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u89c1\u5230\u5979\u800c\u8ba9\u51fa\u4e86\u9053\u8def<\/span>……<\/span>\uff1b\u867d\u7136\u6234\u9ad8\u4e50\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u963f\u3001\u4ee5\u6218\u4e89\u8272\u5217\u9996\u5148\u5f00\u6218\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5c31\u8981\u6bc1\u706d<\/span>——<\/span>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6885\u5384\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6bc1\u706d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6210\u4e86\u80dc\u5229\u8005\u3002\uff09\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u602a\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u662f\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u662f\u65e0\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u65e0\u56fd\u754c\uff0c\u6709\u79cd\u65cf\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4eca\u5929\u5fc5\u987b\u7834\u9664\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ece\u54c8\u65af\u8499\u5c3c\u738b\u671d\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5efa\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u5236\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u8425\u4e86\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u56fd\u5bb6\u796d\u53f8\u548c\u56fd\u738b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5236\u8861\uff0c\u6218\u4e89\u548c\u535a\u5f08\u3002\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u5f62\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c<\/span>1<\/span>\uff0c\u662f\u56fd\u738b<\/span>–<\/span>\u796d\u53f8\u5236\u8861\uff0c<\/span>2<\/span>\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u4ee3\u66ff\u796d\u53f8\u6291\u6216\u4efb\u547d\u4e4b\uff0c\u628a\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u53d8\u6210\u5239\u5e1d\u5229\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5468\u793c\u4ee5\u540e\u4ee3\u66ff\u5468\u6613\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u8f96\u5236\u796d\u53f8\u7684\u5112\u6559\u6587\u5316\u6ee5\u89de\uff1b<\/span>3<\/span>\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e89\u6597\u548c\u65e0\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5e0c\u5f8b\u738b\u6700\u540e\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5236\u8861\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u56fd\u7684\u8150\u6076\u548c\u8986\u706d\u5c31\u662f\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u653f\u6559\u5408\u4e00\u7684\u6b7b\u7ed3<\/span>——<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b7b\u7ed3\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u738b\u7edf\u6cbb\u6b7b\u7ed3\u7684\u7ffb\u7248\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b9\u592a\u56fd\u4ece\u6469\u897f\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5974\u5f79\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u548c\u5e0c\u814a\u96c5\u5178\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u5c0a\u4e25\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u4e3b\u76f8\u6096\u800c\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5148\u9a71\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea6\u88ab\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u66b4\u6c11\u6c11\u7cb9\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u6587\u660e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u4f34\u4fa3\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u50ed\u4e3b\uff08\u4e13\u5236\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6559\u7687\u548c\u7687\u5e1d\uff08\u795e\u5723\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\uff09<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u5386\u4ee3\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u9769\u547d\u8bba\u9898\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4ee5\u57fa\u4f50\u65e9\u5c31\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u56de\u5230\u6559\u7687\uff0c\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u5546\u4eba\uff0c\u50e7\u4fa3\u548c\u5e73\u6c11\u521b\u5236\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\u7684<\/span>——<\/span>\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u9769\u547d\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9769\u547d\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bba\u7684\u6839\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u56fd\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u96c5\u5178\u56fd\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u65e9\u5c31\u53d1\u660e\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6cd5\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6291\u6216\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e13\u5236<\/span>——<\/span>\u6c11\u4e3b\uff08\u81ea\u7531\uff09<\/span>——<\/span>\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u662f\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59\u7684\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u6210\u719f\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u540e\u6765\u53eb\u505a\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5931\u8861\u4e86\uff0c\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7684\uff08\u800c\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u5e0c\u814a\uff0c\u6ce2\u65af\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u90fd\u4e00\u5929\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u777f\u667a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\uff09<\/span>

<\/span>\u6709\u670b\u53cb\u8bf4\uff0c\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u51ef\u6492\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u666e\u4e16\u4ef7\u503c\u4e4b\u539f\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5faa\u89c4\u8e48\u77e9\uff0c\u5e76\u65e0\u8fc7\u9519\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u51ef\u6492\u5e72\u9884\u4e0a\u5e1d\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5e72\u9884\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff0c\u7d22\u591a\u739b\uff0c\u86fe\u6469\u62c9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u6c99\u9a6c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c<\/span>“<\/span>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8036\u5229\u7c73\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5148\u77e5\u4f1a\u628a\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u751a\u81f3\u5723\u6bbf\u7684\u88ab\u6bc1<\/span>——<\/span>\u5df4\u6bd4\u4f26\u4eba\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u706d\u7edd\u884c\u52a8<\/span>——<\/span>\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u672a\u4f7f\u6743\u529b\u4e0e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\u53c8\u8bf4\uff0c<\/span>“<\/span>\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\u663e\u7136\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u6700\u8584\u5f31\u7684\u671f\u7531\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u5199\u5c31\u7684\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff0c<\/span>“<\/span>\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e1c\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u8fd8\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u90fd\u8ba4\u540c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7406\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u5b9e\u529b\u4f5c\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u738b\u56fd\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u3002<\/span>”<\/span>\uff08\u540c\u4e0a\uff09\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u51ef\u6492\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u8bf4\u8bcd\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u8bcd\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u5411\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u738b\u56fd\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f53\u5236\u5982\u679c\u662f\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5fc5\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u4e13\u5236\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u94c1\u8bc1\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u7a76\u7adf\u4f55\u5728\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5f53\u6559\u7687\u4fdd\u7f57\u4e8c\u4e16\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u72af\u4e0b\u837c\u6bd2\u4eba\u7c7b\u7f6a\u884c\u8fd9\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u540e\u6240\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u9053\u6b49\u548c\u5fcf\u6094<\/span>——

<\/span>\u6700\u8fd1\uff08<\/span>2000<\/span>\u5e74\uff09\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6559\u5b97\u82e5\u671b\u4fdd\u797f\u4e8c\u4e16\u6e96\u5099\u767c\u8868\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u70ba\u7531\u904e\u53bb\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\u66fe\u7d93\u72af\u4e0b\u7684\u7f6a\u904e\u9053\u6b49\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\u3001\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u3001\u5c0d\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6230\u722d\u3001\u548c\u5c0d\u7d0d\u7cb9\u5c60\u6bba\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u6f20\u8996<\/span>……<\/span>\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u6211\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u6559\u5b97\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u52c7\u6c23\u537b\u5341\u5206\u4f69\u670d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u4ed6\u771f\u8aa0\u7684\u9053\u6b49\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u70ba\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u50b7\u53e3\u7e2b\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u91dd\u3002\u5e74\u5c11\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u5f88\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u662f<\/span>Protestant <\/span>\uff0c\u76f4\u8b6f\u662f<\/span>“<\/span>\u6297\u8b70\u8005<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8b6f\u540d\u662f<\/span>“<\/span>\u6297\u7f85\u5b97<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u5c0d\u6297\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u5b97\u6d3e\u3002\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u6848\u3001\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\u3001\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240<\/span>……<\/span>\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u8b49\u660e\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u8b49\u64da\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8d8a\u58de\uff0c\u4fbf\u986f\u5f97\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8d8a\u597d\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u5f8c\u4f86\u81ea\u5df1\u5e74\u884c\u6f38\u9577\uff0c\u6211\u958b\u59cb\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5c0d\u5f88\u591a\u672a\u63a5\u53d7\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6a23\u4eba\uff0c\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u6848\u3001\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\u3001\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240<\/span>……<\/span>\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u6709\u640d\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u3001\u6709\u52a9\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c0d\u5169\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e4e\u5857\u6c61\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u5f62\u50cf\uff01\u7576\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u5728\u5317\u611b\u723e\u862d\u4e92\u76f8\u706b\u62da\u6642\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u4e0d\u6703\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u90a3\u4e00\u65b9\u8f03\u70ba\u5c0d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u53ea\u662f\u8a8d\u70ba\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e18\u4e4b\u8c89\uff01<\/span>

<\/span>\u6559\u5b97\u516c\u958b\u6094\u7f6a\u4e26\u975e\u9996\u6b21\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u6559\u5b97\u627f\u8a8d\u7576\u5e74\u6559\u6703\u8feb\u5bb3\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u6848\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u7e7c\u627f\u6ce2\u862d\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u54e5\u767d\u5c3c\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5730\u7403\u4e0d\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u592a\u967d\u4e26\u975e\u570d\u7e5e\u5730\u7403\u8f49\u52d5\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\u662f\u5730\u7403\u7e5e\u8457\u592a\u967d\u8f49\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u7576\u6642\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u662f\u9055\u80cc\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5f37\u8feb\u4ed6\u653e\u68c4\u5730\u7403\u7e5e\u65e5\u8aaa\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u754c\u5f88\u65e9\u5df2\u7d93\u8b49\u660e\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u662f\u5c0d\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5728\u5e7e\u4e4e\u56db\u767e\u5e74\u5f8c\u624d\u70ba\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u7ffb\u6848\uff0c\u672a\u514d\u6709\u9ede\u9072\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9072\u7ffb\u6848\u7e3d\u6bd4\u6c38\u4e0d\u6094\u6539\u597d\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u9019\u4e00\u6b21\u6559\u5b97\u7684\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9072\u4f86\u7684\u9053\u6b49\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728\u898f\u6a21\u548c\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u6b21\u6bd4\u8d77\u70ba\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u7ffb\u6848\u9084\u8981\u5927\uff0c\u4e0a\u6b21\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6848\u4ef6\u8a8d\u932f\uff0c\u73fe\u4eca\u537b\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u7531\u53e4\u81f3\u4eca\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u9053\u6b49\uff1b\u4f3d\u7406\u7565\u6848\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\u3001\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240<\/span>……<\/span>\u7b49\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u8207\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u975e\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4ee5\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u540d\u7fa9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u63f4\u52a9\u53d7\u5230\u56de\u6559\u5f92\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u6771\u6b63\u6559\u5927\u672c\u71df\u541b\u58eb\u4f46\u4e01\u5821\uff0c\u53ca\u5f9e\u56de\u6559\u5f92\u624b\u4e0a\u6436\u56de\u8056\u57ce\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5e7e\u6b21\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u537b\u5c60\u6bba\u7336\u592a\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u6700\u8352\u8b2c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u7adf\u7136\u6436\u63a0\u541b\u58eb\u4f46\u4e01\u5821\u3001\u5c60\u6bba\u6771\u6b63\u6559\u5f92\u3002\u7531\u5341\u4e00\u81f3\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5341\u5b57\u8ecd\u6771\u5f81\uff0c\u7a2e\u4e0b\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u8207\u56de\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u7336\u592a\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u6771\u6b63\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u4ec7\u6068\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u4e0d\u4f46\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u8207\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8005\u7684\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u88e1\u9762\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u88ab\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8654\u8aa0\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u5728\u767e\u5e7e\u5e74\u81f3\u5e7e\u767e\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11<\/span>“<\/span>\u7570\u7aef<\/span>”<\/span>\u88ab\u6559\u5ef7\u5c01\u70ba\u8056\u4eba\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u9019\u4e00\u500b\u9072\u4f86\u7684\u9053\u6b49\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5411\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u56de\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u7336\u592a\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u6771\u6b63\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u88ab\u932f\u5224\u70ba<\/span>“<\/span>\u7570\u7aef<\/span>”<\/span>\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92<\/span>……<\/span>\u7b49\u7684\u61fa\u6094\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5927\u62c9\u6bd4\u5218\u6885\u5c14\u62d2\u7edd\u4ed6\u7684\u9053\u6b49<\/span>——

<\/span>\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5927\u62c9\u6bd4\u5289\u6885\u723e\ufe59<\/span>Meir Lau<\/span>\ufe5a\u6307\u51fa\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5c0d\u65bc\u7d0d\u7cb9\u5c60\u6bba\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5be6\u5728<\/span>“<\/span>\u4ee4\u4eba\u5931\u671b<\/span>”<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u7d0d\u7cb9\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u6559\u5b97\u5e87\u8b77\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\ufe59<\/span>PiusXII<\/span>\ufe5a\u6c92\u6709\u8b74\u8cac\u5e0c\u7279\u62c9\u653f\u6b0a\uff0c\u5289\u6885\u723e\u8aaa\uff1a<\/span>“<\/span>\ufe59\u9019\u4e00\u6b21\u8072\u660e\ufe5a\u6c92\u6709\u70ba\u904e\u53bb\u4f4e\u8abf\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u52a0\u4e0a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u65b0\u610f\uff0c\u7576\u5e74\u5e87\u8b77\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u7ad9\u5728\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u8840\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0d\u767c\u4e00\u8a00\uff0c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u537b\u5c0d\u6b64\u96bb\u5b57\u4e0d\u63d0\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u66f4\u6b63\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u7f6a\u60e1\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/span>”

<\/span>\u8fd9\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u96c6\u4f53\u5728\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\uff0c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u6ce2\u65af\u4eba\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0b\u7684\u4ece\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u7684\u9003\u4ea1\uff0c\u5f25\u6563\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e4b\u5386\u53f2<\/span>——<\/span>\u800c\u8036\u57ce\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e4b\u5730\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec<\/span>“<\/span>\u6563\u70b9\u900f\u89c6<\/span>”<\/span>\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0a\u878d\u5165\u548c\u6311\u6218\uff08\u5e94\u6218\uff09\u4e3b\u6d41\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u5462\uff1f\u6c99\u9a6c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u662f\u7f57\u9a6c\u4eba\u7684\u964d\u81e3<\/span>——<\/span>\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u660e\u6e05\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e4b\u4e8c\u81e3\u699c\u4e0a\u7684\u94b1\u8c26\u76ca\uff0c\u6d2a\u627f\u7574\u7b49\u4eba\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u7684\u786e\u662f\u8bba\u8bc1\u4ed6\u4eec\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5386\u53f2\u4e4b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\uff0c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u53ea\u597d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u548c\u9738\u9053\uff08\u90a3\u4e2a\u82f1\u6587\u8bcd\u6c47\u53eb\u505a\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>——<\/span>\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\uff08\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>Egemonia
culturale<\/span>\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>Cultural hegemony<\/span>\uff09\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u9886\u5bfc\u6743\u3001\u9886\u5bfc\u6743\uff0c\u662f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u3001\u65b0\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u8005\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965<\/span>·<\/span>\u845b\u5170\u897f\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5b83\u6307\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u9636\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u7eb5\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\uff08\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u652f\u914d\u6216\u7edf\u6cbb\u6574\u4e2a\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u793e\u4f1a\uff1b\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u4f5c\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6709\u6548\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u53d7\u76ca\u3002\uff09\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u8bcd\u542b\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff0c\u845b\u5170\u897f\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u89c1\u5230\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e76\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u5982\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6240\u9884\u671f\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u4f5c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u4f5c\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u6b64\u6765\u8ba2\u7acb\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9769\u547d\u65b9\u9488\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u81ea\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6258\u51fa\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u53e6\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bba<\/span>”<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e6\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u79c9\u627f\u5176\u6559\u4ee5\u62b5\u5236\u4e3b\u6d41\u8bdd\u8bed\u6743\u4e4b\u4e00\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u505a\u8fc7\u5f52\u7eb3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u72b9\u592a\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\uff0c\u7a76\u4e3a\u4f55\u8bb8\u4eba\u4e5f\uff1f\u738b\u5eb7\u8bf4\uff0c\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5361\u5c14<\/span>·<\/span>\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\uff08<\/span>Karl
Marx<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1818<\/span>\u5e74\u751f\u4e8e\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u83b1\u8335\u7701\u7279\u91cc\u5c14\u5e02\uff09\u7eaf\u6b63\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u6d53\u91cd\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u80cc\u666f\uff1a\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u7236\u666e\u5217\u6c49\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u592b\u4eba\u7f57\u838e\u8389\uff08<\/span>Rosalie<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u8654\u8bda\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u5987\u5973\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u65e0\u53ef\u4e89\u8fa9\u7684\u9886\u8896\u5217\u5b81\u62e5\u6709\u516b\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u8840\u7edf\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ea2\u519b\u7f14\u9020\u8005\u6258\u6d1b\u8328\u57fa\u548c\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7740\u540d\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u65af\u7ef4\u5c14\u5fb7\u6d1b\u592b\uff08\u5168\u4fc4\u4e2d\u592e\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09\u3001\u5b63\u8bfa\u7ef4\u4e5f\u592b\uff08\u5171\u4ea7\u56fd\u9645\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09\u3001\u52a0\u7c73\u6d85\u592b\uff08\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09\u3001\u6377\u5c14\u4ec1\u65af\u57fa\uff08\u5168\u4fc4\u8083\u53cd\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09\u3001\u674e\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\uff08\u5916\u4ea4\u4eba\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u90e8\u59d4\u5458\uff09\u3001\u4e4c\u91cc\u8328\u57fa\uff08\u5f7c\u5f97\u683c\u52d2\u8083\u53cd\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff09<\/span>······<\/span>\u90fd\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f57\u838e<\/span>·<\/span>\u5362\u68ee\u5821\u3001\u6885\u53f6\u52d2\u592b\u5a1c<\/span>·<\/span>\u6d77\u5c14\u592b\u66fc\u3001\u5b89\u5a1c<\/span>·<\/span>\u5e93\u8389\u8d6b\u8299\u3001\u8d1d\u62c9<\/span>·<\/span>\u5e93\u6069\u3001\u5e93\u7279<\/span>·<\/span>\u827e\u65af\u7eb3\u7b49\u540d\u9707\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u7537\u5973\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u627f\u53d7\u529b\u548c\u6b89\u9053\u8005\u822c\u7684\u727a\u7272\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5168\u7403\u6fc0\u8fdb\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u7cbe\u795e\u6e90\u6cc9\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span>“<\/span>\u72b9\u592a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\u3001<\/span>“<\/span>\u72b9\u592a\u56fd\u9645\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\u548c<\/span>“<\/span>\u72b9\u592a\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>”<\/span>\u3002\uff08\u300a\u60df\u6709\u592a\u606f\uff0c\u60df\u6709\u6c89\u541f\uff0c\u60df\u6709\u7948\u7977\u300b\uff09<\/span>

<\/span>\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u5ea6\uff0c\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u8f6c\u5411\u4e3b\u6d41\u4f53\u5236\u548c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u878d\u5165\u4e4b\uff0c\u6770\u51fa\u4e4b\uff08\u867d\u7136\u6885\u5384\u5979\u4eec\u547d\u540d\u662f\uff1a\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>——<\/span>\u89c1\u300a\u6885\u5384\u4f20\u300b\u3002\uff09\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e1a\u7ee9\u548c\u613f\u666f\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u4e00\u4e2a\u80cc\u5f03\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u800c\u8f6c\u5411\u897f\u65b9\u4e3b\u6d41\u4e4b\u4e3e\u4e4b\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8f6c\u5411\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u4eba\u6587\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u7f3a\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5417\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f<\/span>“<\/span>\u4e4c\u5934\u9a6c\u89d2\u7ec8\u76f8\u6551<\/span>”<\/span>\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u8499\u7279\u7ef4\u5965\u5229\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u7f57\u65af\u67f4\u5c14\u5fb7\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fea\u65af\u7d2f\u5229\u548c\u5f88\u591a\u878d\u5165\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u4e4b\u5bb6\u65cf\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u7a81\u56f4\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u548c\u68b5\u8482\u5188\u4e4b\u684e\u688f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f02\u679c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\uff08\u7ef4\u57fa\u8d44\u6599\uff09\u6469\u897f<\/span>·<\/span>\u8499\u8482\u83f2\u5965\u91cc\uff08<\/span>Moses Haim Montefiore<\/span>\uff09\u7235\u58eb\uff08<\/span>1784<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>10<\/span>\u6708<\/span>24<\/span>\u65e5<\/span> –
1885<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>7<\/span>\u6708<\/span>28<\/span>\u65e5\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u82f1\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u5bb6\u3001\u6148\u5584\u5bb6\u548c\u4f26\u6566\u6cbb\u5b89\u5b98\u3002\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u66fe\u6350\u8d60\u5927\u7b14\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9ece\u51e1\u7279\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u5546\u4e1a\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728<\/span>1860<\/span>\u5e74\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b9\u592a\u65b0\u5b9a\u5c45\u70b9\u5e73\u5b89\u5c45\u6240\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u3001\u9886\u8896\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728<\/span>1841-42<\/span>\u5e74\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u9a7b\u5927\u9a6c\u58eb\u9769\u9886\u4e8b\u67e5\u5c14\u65af<\/span>·<\/span>\u4ea8\u5229<\/span>·<\/span>\u4e18\u5409\u5c14\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u72b9\u592a\u590d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7eb3\u5766<\/span>·<\/span>\u8fc8\u5c14<\/span>·<\/span>\u7f57\u65af\u67f4\u5c14\u5fb7\uff08\u5fb7\u8bed\uff1a<\/span>Nathan Mayer Rothschild<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1777<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>9<\/span>\u6708<\/span>16<\/span>\u65e5\uff0d<\/span>1836<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>7<\/span>\u6708<\/span>28<\/span>\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u88d4\u91d1\u878d\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fc8\u5c14<\/span>·<\/span>\u963f\u59c6\u8c22\u5c14<\/span>·<\/span>\u7f57\u65af\u67f4\u5c14\u5fb7\u4e4b\u5b50\uff0c\u751f\u4e8e\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\uff0c\u4e3a\u7f57\u65af\u67f4\u5c14\u5fb7\u91d1\u878d\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6267\u638c\u5bb6\u65cf\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u665a\u5e74\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u901d\u4e16\u3002<\/span>

<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fea\u65af\u7d2f\u5229\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3001\u4f5c\u5bb6\u548c\u8d35\u65cf\uff0c\u66fe\u4e24\u6b21\u62c5\u4efb\u9996\u76f8<\/span>……
<\/span><\/p>

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