{"id":87471,"date":"2019-11-15T01:49:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-15T01:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=87471 "},"modified":"2019-11-15T01:49:00","modified_gmt":"2019-11-15T01:49:00","slug":"87471-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=87471","title":{"rendered":"\u6881\u6155\u5afb\uff1a\u4eba\u6b0a\u9ad8\u65bc\u4e3b\u6b0a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/UploadCenter\/ArticlePics\/2019\/46\/20191114cai11151.jpg\" width=\"210\" height=\"240\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u6377\u514b\u5171\u548c\u570b\u524d\u7e3d\u7d71\u74e6\u8328\u62c9\u592b\u3002\u54c8\u7dad\u723e\uff08V\u2019aclav Havel\uff091999\u5e744\u670829\u65e5\u5728\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6e25\u592a\u83ef\u5c0d\u570b\u6703\u5169\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u6f14\u8aaa\u3002\u4ed6\u5c31\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u5176\u672a\u4f86\u5730\u4f4d\u554f\u984c\u6240\u9673\u8ff0\u7684\u65b0\u4e16\u7d00\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\uff0c\u88ab\u6982\u62ec\u70ba\u300c\u4eba\u6b0a\u9ad8\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6b0a\u300d\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u4e16\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u904b\u52d5\u6700\u97ff\u4eae\u7684\u53e3\u865f\u3002<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u54c8\u7dad\u723e\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4e00\u5207\u8ff9\u8c61\u90fd\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u69ae\u8b7d\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u6c11\u65cf\u5171\u540c\u9ad4\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u50f9\u503c\u2014\u2014\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u552f\u4e00\u5141\u8a31\u70ba\u4e4b\u6bba\u622e\u6216\u503c\u5f97\u70ba\u4e4b\u6350\u8ec0\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u2014\u2014\u5df2\u7d93\u76db\u6975\u800c\u8870\u3002\u6578\u4ee3\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u555f\u8499\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5169\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7684\u53ef\u6015\u7d93\u6b77\uff0c\u300e\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300f\u7684\u7531\u6b64\u63a1\u7d0d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6211\u5011\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5168\u9762\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u6b63\u9010\u6f38\u4f7f\u4eba\u985e\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u500b\u4eba\u6bd4\u570b\u5bb6\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\uff08A human being is more important than a State\uff09\u300d\u3002<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u4ed6\u53c8\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6b0a\u7684\u9802\u79ae\u819c\u62dc\uff0c\u5fc5\u5c07\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u6eb6\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4eba\u76f8\u9023\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u6211\u5011\u662f\u5426\u9858\u610f\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5c0d\u6bcf\u4ef6\u4e8b\u7684\u767c\u751f\u90fd\u8ca0\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u570b\u5bb6\u76f2\u76ee\u71b1\u611b\u2014\u2014\u00a0 \u4e00\u7a2e\u8a8d\u70ba\u611b\u570b\u81f3\u9ad8\u7121\u4e0a\u7684\u71b1\u611b\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u50c5\u56e0\u662f\u672c\u570b\u5c31\u70ba\u5176\u884c\u52d5\u5c0b\u627e\u85c9\u53e3\u7684\u71b1\u611b\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u50c5\u56e0\u6709\u5dee\u7570\u5c31\u62d2\u7d55\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u71b1\u611b\u2014\u2014\u5fc5\u7136\u8b8a\u6210\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u9196\u91c0\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u6eab\u5e8a\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u66f4\u6210\u70ba\u96e3\u4ee5\u4f30\u91cf\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u75db\u82e6\u4e4b\u6e90\u3002\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5728\u5373\u5c07\u5230\u4f86\u7684\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6578\u570b\u5bb6\u6703\u9010\u6f38\u5730\u5ee2\u68c4\u90a3\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d89\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u5225\u570b\u6240\u767c\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u5c0d\u90a3\u88cf\u4eba\u6b0a\u72c0\u6cc1\u7684\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u90fd\u8207\u5df1\u7121\u95dc\u3002\u300d<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u4ed6\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u50f9\u503c\u9ad8\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u9019\u50f9\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u3002\u773e\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u662f\u70ba\u4eba\u6c11\u670d\u52d9\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u70ba\u5176\u570b\u5bb6\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u6b64\u670d\u52d9\u53ea\u61c9\u9054\u5230\u9019\u6a23\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u4f7f\u570b\u5bb6\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u70ba\u5b83\u7684\u6240\u6709\u516c\u6c11\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u4eba\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229\u9ad8\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u6b0a\u5229\uff08Human right rank above the right of states\uff09\uff0c\u4eba\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u6240\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u9ad8\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6b0a\uff08Human liberties constitute a value higher than State sovereignty\uff09\u3002\u5c31\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u689d\u6b3e\u512a\u5148\u65bc\u4fdd\u8b77\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u689d\u6b3e\u3002<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u5f9e\u6211\u6c11\u65cf\u4e4b\u5229\u76ca\u9019\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u6b0a\u76ca\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5206\u88c2\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5718\u7d50\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u6771\u897f\u9ad8\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u4fe1\u5949\u7684\u539f\u5247\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u539f\u5247\u80fd\u4f7f\u4e16\u754c\u806f\u5408\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u8861\u91cf\u570b\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u4e4b\u6a19\u5c3a\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u547d\u904b\u5df1\u878d\u70ba\u4e00\u9ad4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u8ca0\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u61c9\u5bb9\u8a31\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u54ea\u4f2f\u662f\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f86\u9650\u5236\u4eba\u6c11\u5c65\u884c\u9019\u500b\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4e8b\u7269\u9ad8\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u5229\u76ca\u5247\u61c9\u57fa\u65bc\u539f\u5247\u3002\u300d<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>1999\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u516c\u7d04\u7d44\u7e54\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u6b0a\u9ad8\u65bc\u4e3b\u6b0a\u300d\u570b\u969b\u7406\u8ad6\u70ba\u64da\uff0c\u767c\u52d5\u4eba\u9053\u5e72\u8207\u4e4b\u79d1\u7d22\u6c83\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u8b93\u79d1\u7d22\u6c83\u5f97\u4ee5\u7368\u7acb\u3002\u54c8\u7dad\u723e\u4ee5\u6b64\u70ba\u4f8b\u4f5c\u51fa\u8a55\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u5317\u7d04\u76df\u8ecd\u6b63\u5728\u9032\u884c\u53cd\u5c0d\u7c73\u6d1b\u820d\u7dad\u5947\u7a2e\u65cf\u6ec5\u7d55\u653f\u6b0a\u7684\u9b25\u722d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u6709\u4e00\u5834\u6230\u722d\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u5c07\u4eba\u6b0a\u7f6e\u65bc\u512a\u5148\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u9019\u5834\u6230\u722d\u6b63\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u9019\u5927\u6982\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u5834\u4e0d\u5716\u5229\uff0c\u70ba\u5805\u6301\u67d0\u7a2e\u539f\u5247\u548c\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u6230\u722d\u3002\u76df\u8ecd\u5728\u6230\u9b25\uff0c\u56e0\u95dc\u5fc3\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u547d\u904b\u800c\u6230 \uff0c\u56e0\u6709\u6b63\u7fa9\u611f\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u5750\u8996\u5225\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u906d\u53d7\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u6b0a\u5c60\u6bba\u800c\u6230 \u3002\u9019\u5834\u6230\u722d\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u6b0a\u5148\u65bc\u570b\u6b0a\uff08human right precedent for the right of states\uff09\u3002 \u5728\u6211\u770b\u4f86\uff0c\u9019\u6b21\u6230 \u722d\u70ba\u672a\u4f86\u7acb\u4e0b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5148\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u5df1\u7d93\u660e\u78ba\u5ba3\u544a\uff1a\u4e0d\u8a31\u5c60\u6bba\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a31\u9a45\u9010\u4eba\u51fa\u5176\u5bb6\u9580\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a31\u8650\u5f85\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a31\u525d\u596a\u4eba\u7684\u8ca1\u7522\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u5df1\u8b49\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u5c0d\u4e00\u4eba\u4e0d\u516c\uff0c\u5373\u5c0d\u5927\u5bb6\u4e0d\u516c\uff08if injustice is done to some\uff0c it is done to all \uff09\u3002\u300d<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u601d\u7d22\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\uff1a\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u4eba\u985e\u6709\u7279\u6b0a\u8981\u6c42\u4efb\u4f55\u6b0a\u5229\uff1f\u6211\u7e3d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u5f97\u51fa\u9019\u500b\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u4eba\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4eba\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4eba\u4e4b\u5c0a\u56b4\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u51e1\u812b\u4fd7\u7684\u6700\u6df1\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u5176\u50f9\u503c\u4e4b\u795e\u8056\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u751a\u81f3\u5c07\u5176\u7f6e\u65bc\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u65e2\u7121\u7aae\u4e14\u6c38\u6046\u3002\u8b93\u6211\u5c0d\u6709\u95dc\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u5176\u672a\u4f86\u4f5c\u7528\u7d66\u4e88\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7d50\u8ad6\uff1a\u570b\u4e43\u4eba\u5275\uff0c\u4eba\u4e43\u795e\u5275\uff08The State is a human creation\uff0c humanity is a creation of 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