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Young\uff09\u4e5f\u5efa\u8bae\u628a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4ece\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u8f6c\u5230\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u5979\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5dee\u522b\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u5728\u5dee\u522b\u653f\u6cbb\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u516c\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u6240\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u610f\u613f\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5236\u5b9e\u884c\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u5316\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u5404\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7fa4\u4f53\u4eab\u6709\u7279\u6743\u65f6\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u5e73\u7b49\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u539f\u5219\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u4f7f\u538b\u8feb\u6216\u52a3\u52bf\u6c38\u4e45\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u4f53\u5e94\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u6b8a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u53d7\u538b\u8feb\u6216\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5229\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0821\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u7ea6\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e5d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0e\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u5b66\u8bf4\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f53\u4ee3\u6b27\u6d32\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u6f6e\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u8eab\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u2014\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5b66\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u89e3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a\u8eab\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u544a\u522b\u4e86\u627f\u8ba4\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u5dee\u522b\u653f\u6cbb\u800c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e95\u55b7\u5f0f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65b0\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5bf9\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6709\u5e7f\u4e49\u548c\u72ed\u4e49\u4e4b\u5206\u3002\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5728\u4e54\u7eb3\u68ee\u6d77\u7279\uff08 Jonathan Haidt\uff09\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u79cd\u65cf\u3001\u6027\u522b\u548c\u6027\u53d6\u5411\u7b49\u7fa4\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u653f\u515a\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6216\u91d1\u94b1\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u52a8\u5458\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b83\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5411\u5fc3\u529b\u8fd8\u662f\u79bb\u5fc3\u529b\uff0c\u6709\u597d\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u574f\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u4e4b\u5206\uff0822\uff09\u3002\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u5982\u514b\u96f7\u897f\u8fbe\u6d77\u8036\u65af\uff08Cressida Heyes\uff09\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e9b\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u906d\u9047\u7684\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7ecf\u5386\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u6216\u91cd\u5851\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e3b\u6d41\u5851\u9020\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u51b3\u6743\uff0823\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u798f\u5c71\u5728\u300a\u8eab\u4efd\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u7684\u6709\u4e9b\u7ae0\u8282\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u6307\u79f0\u90a3\u4e9b\u6240\u6709\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u7279\u5b9a\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u548c\u6587\u5316\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8bdd\u8bed\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u751a\u81f3\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u8fdb\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u9b54\u76d2\u91cc\u3002\u4ed6\u6cbf\u7740\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u628a\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u4f53\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u540e\u4eba\u4eec\u5bfb\u6c42\u66f4\u52a0\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5bf9\u5de6\u6d3e\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u53f3\u6d3e\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u5404\u6253\u4e94\u5341\u5927\u962a\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u798f\u5c71\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u91c7\u7528\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fb9\u7f18\u7fa4\u4f53\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u603b\u4f53\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd8\u662f\u9887\u89c1\u529f\u529b\u548c\u5bcc\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u7684\u3002\u798f\u5c71\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff1a\u4e00\u652f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u7684\u666e\u904d\u627f\u8ba4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u6cbb\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u652f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u96c6\u4f53\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff0824\uff09\u3002\u800c\u5230\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5f53\u627f\u8ba4\u6982\u5ff5\u4ece\u5173\u6ce8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2a\u4eba\u6f5c\u8d28\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5173\u6ce8\u4ed6\u6240\u96b6\u5c5e\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5206\u53c9\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd8\u662f\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6765\u81ea\u6211\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8981\u6c42\u793e\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5f85\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e00\u79cd\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u52a0\u4ee5\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u5f20\u5f80\u5f80\u80dc\u51fa\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u524d\u4e00\u79cd\u7acb\u573a\u662f\u9a6c\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\u91d1\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u6c11\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u7acb\u573a\u662f\u9ed1\u8c79\u515a\uff08Black Panthers\uff09\u548c\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6c11\u65cf\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08The Nation of Islam, or NOI\uff09\u7684\u5b97\u65e8\uff0825\uff09\u3002\u636e\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ece\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6c11\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f0f\u5fae\u4e4b\u65e5\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5d1b\u8d77\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0826\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u201c\u8fdb\u6b65\u5de6\u6d3e\uff08Progressive Left\uff09\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5929\u7136\u7684\u76df\u53cb\u3002\u6839\u636e\u76ae\u5c24\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8fdb\u6b65\u5de6\u6d3e\u662f\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5f3a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u9ad8\u5b66\u5386\uff0c\u767d\u4eba\u5360\u591a\u6570\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u79cd\u65cf\u504f\u89c1\u7f8e\u56fd\u673a\u6784\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u5efa\uff0827\uff09\u3002\u6309\u7167\u8d44\u6df1\u8fdb\u6b65\u4eba\u58eb\u4e9a\u5f53\u683c\u6797\uff08Adam Green\uff09\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u201c\u8fdb\u6b65\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6c11\u7cb9\u3001\u6fc0\u8fdb\u548c\u53cd\u5efa\u5236\uff0c\u201c\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u613f\u610f\u4ee3\u8868\u5c0f\u4eba\u7269\u6311\u6218\u6743\u529b\u201d\uff0828\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u4ee3\u8868\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u7fa4\u4f53\u8bc9\u6c42\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5f97\u4ee5\u8fc5\u901f\u8e7f\u5347\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6001\u4e2d\u4e00\u80a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u4fbf\u662f\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6b65\u5de6\u6d3e\u7684\u7ed3\u76df\u3002\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u8fdb\u6b65\u653f\u6cbb\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5a92\u4f53\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u652f\u914d\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5bf9\u516c\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6fc0\u70c8\u3002\u798f\u5c71\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u4ece\u5bf9\u6027\u522b\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6279\u5224\u6027\u79cd\u65cf\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u540e\u6b96\u6c11\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u9177\u513f\u7406\u8bba\uff08queer theory\uff09\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u4e86\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6839\u672c\u7684\u666e\u904d\u4e3b\u4e49\u539f\u5219\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0829\uff09\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8fdb\u6b65\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u6253\u7b97\u653e\u5f03\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u516c\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4eba\u4eba\u751f\u800c\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u666e\u904d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7279\u5b9a\u548c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7a84\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4f53\u9a8c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u901a\u7ea6\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u5c06\u4eba\u4eec\u5206\u88c2\u5f00\u6765\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8981\u8fdc\u6bd4\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u8981\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\uff0830\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u628a\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u4f53\u7cfb\u6253\u9020\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u900f\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4e0e\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u7fa4\u4f53\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5c11\u6570\uff0c\u6709\u8272\uff0c\u540c\u5fd7\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u76f8\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u767d\u76f4\u7537\uff09\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u8eab\u4efd\u2014-\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u538b\u5236\u6027\u7684\u7279\u6743\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u7528\u6765\u5411\u5185\u81ea\u6211\u6307\u79f0\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5411\u5916\u6307\u79f0\u522b\u4eba\u4e86\uff0c\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u201d\u4fe8\u7136\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9c9c\u51fa\u7089\u7684\u9738\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u5f88\u6000\u7591\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u80fd\u591f\u6700\u7ec8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6297\u8861\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u6487\u5f00\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u535a\u5f08\u4e0d\u8c08\uff0c\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u672f\u4e0a\u8fdc\u8c08\u4e0d\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5907\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6709\u671d\u4e00\u65e5\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u4e3a\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u6240\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u5df2\u7ecf\u6c57\u725b\u5145\u680b\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u81ea\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u8986\u76d6\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u60f3\u4e3e\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5357\u5e0c\u5f17\u96f7\u6cfd\uff08Nancy Fraser\uff09\u7740\u91cd\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7f6e\u6362\uff08displacement\uff09\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f17\u96f7\u6cfd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u8d2c\u4f4e\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u516c\u53ea\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u8ba4\u77e5\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u81f4\u4f7f\u8d2b\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u672c\u5e94\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u518d\u5206\u914d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u53cd\u9a73\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u516c\u5e76\u975e\u6f20\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\uff0c\u8d22\u5bcc\u518d\u5206\u914d\u4e5f\u662f\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u9898\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u6000\u7591\u4e00\u65e6\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5f00\u59cb\u8c08\u8bba\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5408\u6d41\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5f17\u96f7\u6cfd\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5b9e\u4f53\u5316\uff08reification\uff09\u3002\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u6211\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u6211\u751f\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5bf9\u5185\u5fc5\u7136\u5bf9\u96c6\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5f02\u89c1\u548c\u5206\u6b67\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u538b\uff0c\u5e76\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bf9\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u7236\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u72ec\u88c1\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u5bf9\u5916\u5219\u6025\u5267\u5730\u7b80\u5316\u548c\u5b9e\u4f53\u5316\u96c6\u4f53\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9f13\u52b1\u5206\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u4ec7\u6068\u548c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5fcd\uff0831\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u5f17\u96f7\u6cfd\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u514b\u96f7\u897f\u8fbe\u6d77\u8036\u65af\u6307\u51fa\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u201c\u4ea4\u53c9\u6027\u201d\uff08intersectionality\uff09\u6311\u6218\u2014-\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ece\u4e2a\u4eba\u7ecf\u5386\u8fd8\u662f\u652f\u6491\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u770b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8eab\u4efd\u4e3b\u8f74\uff08axis of identity\uff09\u80fd\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8eab\u4efd\u4e3b\u8f74\u5206\u79bb\uff0832\uff09\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u591a\u91cd\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u591a\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5f7c\u6b64\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5f20\u56fd\u8363\u662f\u9999\u6e2f\u51fa\u67dc\u7684\u540c\u5fd7\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ba4\u540c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\uff1b\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540c\u6027\u604b\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u770b\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u6027\u604b\u8eab\u4efd\u9020\u6210\u538b\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u5fd7\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u66f4\u52a0\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5f20\u56fd\u8363\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff1f\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u4e3a\u591a\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u6982\u62ec\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u6709\u666e\u904d\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\uff1f\u4e54\u7eb3\u68ee\u6d77\u7279\uff08 Jonathan Haidt\uff09\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u201c\u4ea4\u53c9\u6027\u201d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u6db5\u4e49\uff1a\u591a\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\u5e26\u6765\u591a\u91cd\u538b\u8feb\u3002\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u53ea\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u548c\u8bef\u89e3\uff0833\uff09\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8eab\u4efd\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u540c\u8d28\u6027\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u540c\u6709\u8d8a\u8d70\u8d8a\u7a84\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u518d\u5212\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u540c\u6027\u604b\u7684\u5b50\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u4ea4\u53c9\u95ee\u9898\u5f80\u540e\u63a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u7fa4\u4f53\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u662f\u591a\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ea4\u53c9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u591f\u627e\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u786e\u5b9e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u89c4\u8303\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u8bba\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u516c\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u73b0\u5b9e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u53ea\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5907\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c38\u8fdc\u6709\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u8c01\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u8ba4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u662f\u957f\u671f\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e0b\u6765\u800c\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8d2b\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u7f57\u8482\uff08 Richard 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W. 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Thomas Sowell\uff09\u8bf4\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u719f\u6089\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7fa4\u4f53\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u4ea7\u751f\u4ee4\u4eba\u4f5c\u5455\u7684\u66b4\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u56db\u5206\u4e94\u88c2\uff0840\uff09\u3002\u79d1\u5185\u5c14\u97e6\u65af\u7279\uff08Cornel West\uff09 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\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6cf0\u52d2\u5bf9\u5fb7\u6c83\u91d1\u8bba\u70b9\u7684\u8f6c\u8ff0\uff0c\u89c1Charles Taylor, \u201cThe Politics of Recognition\u201d,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/fs2.american.edu\/dfagel\/www\/Class%20Readings\/Taylor\/multiculturalism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"2\">http:\/\/fs2.american.edu\/dfagel\/www\/Class%20Readings\/Taylor\/multiculturalism.pdf<\/a>\u00a0\uff0cp56-57. \u5fb7\u6c83\u91d1\u539f\u6587\u89c1 \u201cLiberalism,\u201d in Public and Private Morality, ed. Stuart Hampshire \uff0cCambridge University Press, 1978<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>2. John Rawls, \u201cPolitical Liberalism, selections\u201d, in Perfectionism and Neutrality, ed. by Steven Wall and George Klosko, Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers, INC, 2003, p70<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>3. Michael Sandel, \u201cThe Procedural Republic and the Unencumbered Self\u201d, in Contemporary Political Theory, A Reader, ed. by Colin Farrelly, Sage Publications, 2004, p121<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>4. Andrew Koppelman, \u201cRonald Dworkin, Religion, and Neutrality\u201d,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/bulawreview\/files\/2014\/08\/KOPPELMAN.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"3\">https:\/\/www.bu.edu\/bulawreview\/files\/2014\/08\/KOPPELMAN.pdf<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>5. \u53c2\u89c1\u5eb7\u5fb7 \u300a\u9053\u5fb7\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\uff0c\u82d7\u529b\u7530\u8bd1\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>6. \u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u4e2d\u7acb\u6027\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u6982\u8ff0\u53ef\u53c2\u8003 \u201cIntroduction\u201din Perfectionism and Neutrality, ed. by Steven Wall and George Klosko, Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers, INC, 2003,p1-p27\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>7. William Galston, \u201cMoral Pluralism and Liberal Democracy: Isaiah Berlin\u2019s Heterodox Liberalism\u201d, in Political Philosophy in the Twentieth Century\uff0ced. by Catherine Zuckert, Cambridge University Press, 2011 .<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>8. Michael Sandel, \u201cLiberalism and the Limits of Justice\u201d, in \uff0cin Debates in Contemporary Political Philosophy, an Anthology, Ed. by Derek Matravers and Jon Pike\uff0cRoutledge \uff0c2003\u3002P154\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>9. Michael Sandel, \u201cThe Procedural Republic and the Unencumbered Self\u201d, in Contemporary Political Theory, A Reader, ed. by Colin Farrelly, Sage Publications, 2004, P113-125<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>10. Charles Taylor\uff0c \u201cCross-purposes: the liberal-communitarian debate\u201d \uff0cin Debates in Contemporary Political Philosophy, an Anthology, Ed. by Derek Matravers and Jon Pike\uff0cRoutledge \uff0c2003\u3002\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0 \u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>11. Arthur Madigan, s. j., \u201cAlasdair McIntyre on political thinking and the tasks of politics\u201d \uff0c in Political Philosophy in the Twentieth Century, ed. By Catherine Zuckert, Cambridge University Press, 2011<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>12. Michael J. Sandel, \u201cThe Procedural Republic and the Unencumbered Self\u201d, in Contemporary Political theory, A reader, ed. by Colin Farrelly, SAGE Publications, 2004, p119-120<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>13. Michael Walzer, \u201cComplex Equality\u201d, in Contemporary Political theory, A reader, ed. by Colin Farrelly, SAGE Publications, 2004, p136\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>14. John Rawls, \u201cThe Domain of the Political and Overlapping Consensus\u201d\uff0c in Debates in Contemporary Political Philosophy, Ed. by Derek Matravers and Jon Pike\uff0cRoutledge \uff0c2003\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>15. \u53c2\u89c1\u7535\u5f71\u201c\u6c49\u5a1c\u963f\u4f26\u7279\u201d\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>16. Francis Fukuyama\uff0cIdentity, the Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2018, \u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u7ae0\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>17. Michael J. Sandel, \u201cThe Procedural Republic and the Unencumbered Self\u201d, in Contemporary Political theory, A reader, ed. by Colin Farrelly, SAGE Publications, 2004\uff0c\u8bfb\u7269, p114.<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>18. William Galston, \u201cMoral Pluralism and Liberal Democracy: Isaiah Berlin\u2019s Heterodox Liberalism\u201d, in Political Philosophy in the Twentieth Century\uff0ced. by Catherine Zuckert, Cambridge University Press, 2011\uff0cp159<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>19. Charles Taylor, \u201cThe Politics of Recognition\u201d \uff0c<a href=\"http:\/\/fs2.american.edu\/dfagel\/www\/Class%20Readings\/Taylor\/multiculturalism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"4\">http:\/\/fs2.american.edu\/dfagel\/www\/Class%20Readings\/Taylor\/multiculturalism.pdf<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>20. \u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5f20\u6625\u6865\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5f00\u59cb\u6279\u5224\u201c\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6cd5\u6743\u201d\u2014-\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5bf9\u516c\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6279\u5224\u5982\u51fa\u4e00\u8f99\u3002\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u7eb3\u95f7\u5f20\u54ea\u91cc\u6765\u7684\u8fd9\u4e48\u524d\u536b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4ed6\u501f\u9274\u4e86\u793e\u7fa4\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u672a\u53ef\u77e5\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>21. Iris Young\uff0c \u201cPolity and Group Difference: A Critique of the Ideal of Universal Citizenship\u201d, in Debates in Contemporary Political Philosophy, an Anthology, ed. by Derek Matravers and Jon Pike\uff0cRoutledge \uff0c2003<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>22. Jonathan Haidt,\u201cThe Age of Outrage\u201d,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.city-journal.org\/html\/age-outrage-15608.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"5\">https:\/\/www.city-journal.org\/html\/age-outrage-15608.html<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>23. Cressida Heyes \uff0c\u201d Identity Politics\u201d,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/fall2020\/entries\/identity-politics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"6\">https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/fall2020\/entries\/identity-politics<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>24. Francis Fukuyama\uff0cIdentity, the Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2018\uff0c\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>25. Francis Fukuyama\uff0cIdentity, the Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2018\uff0c\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u7ae0\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>26. \u6709\u5b66\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u798f\u5c71\u7684\u4e24\u5206\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u628a\u5e73\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u540c\u76df\u519b\u53ea\u662f\u91d1\u88ab\u523a\u4ee5\u540e\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u84c4\u610f\u5305\u88c5\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4ee5\u91d1\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u8c61\u6253\u538b\u66f4\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u89c1\u534e\u4eba\u5b66\u8005\u5915\u5cb8\u7684\u597d\u6587\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u8fd0\u7248\u56fe\u4e0e\u9ed1\u4eba\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u524d\u4e16\u4eca\u751f\u201d\uff08\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thepaper.cn\/newsDetail_forward_8175114\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"7\">https:\/\/www.thepaper.cn\/newsDetail_forward_8175114<\/a>\uff09\u3002 \u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u8fd9\u79cd\u798f\u67ef\u5f0f\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7d22\u7ef4\u5c14\u548c\u798f\u5c71\u5bf9\u91d1\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u66f4\u503c\u5f97\u91c7\u4fe1\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>27.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/politics\/2021\/11\/09\/progressive-left\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"8\">https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/politics\/2021\/11\/09\/progressive-left<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>28.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2021\/09\/13\/1035971261\/more-and-more-democrats-embrace-the-progressive-label-heres-why\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"9\">https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2021\/09\/13\/1035971261\/more-and-more-democrats-embrace-the-progressive-label-heres-why<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>29. \u9177\u513f\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6027\u522b\u8ba4\u540c\u548c\u6027\u53d6\u5411\u5e76\u975e\u6e90\u81ea\u751f\u7406\u5dee\u522b\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u6784\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>30. Francis Fukuyama\uff0c\u201d Liberalism and its discontent\u201d,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanpurpose.com\/articles\/liberalism-and-its-discontent\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"10\">https:\/\/www.americanpurpose.com\/articles\/liberalism-and-its-discontent\/<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>31. Nancy Fraser, \u201cRethinking Recognition\u201d\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/newleftreview.org\/issues\/ii3\/articles\/nancy-fraser-rethinking-recognition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"11\">https:\/\/newleftreview.org\/issues\/ii3\/articles\/nancy-fraser-rethinking-recognition<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>32. Cressida Heyes\uff0c\u540c23\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>33. Jonathan Haidt\uff0c\u540c22\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>34. Richard Rorty\uff0cPhilosophy and Social Hope, Penguin,1999\uff0cp236\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>35. Neil Roberts, \u201cThe Critique of Racial Liberalism: An Interview with Charles W. Mills\u201d, The Critique of Racial Liberalism: An Interview with Charles W. Mills | AAIHS<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>36. Linda Alcoff, \u201cCritical Philosophy of Race\u201d,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/fall2021\/entries\/critical-phil-race\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"12\">https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/fall2021\/entries\/critical-phil-race\/<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>37. Stephen R. Hicks\uff0cExplaining Postmodernism\uff0cSkepticism and Socialism from Rousseau to Foucault\uff0cOckham\u2018s Razor Publishing 2011\uff0cp10-11\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>38. \u7f57\u8482\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u798f\u67ef\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u8c61\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6743\u529b\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5979\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u662f\uff0c\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>39. Ronald Dworkin, \u201cWhat Liberalism isn\u2019t,\u201d\uff0c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nybooks.com\/articles\/1983\/01\/20\/what-liberalism-isnt\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"13\">https:\/\/www.nybooks.com\/articles\/1983\/01\/20\/what-liberalism-isnt\/<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>40. Thomas Sowell, \u201cHigh Stakes in Virginia\u201d,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/townhall.com\/columnists\/thomassowell\/2021\/10\/23\/high-stakes-in-virginia-n2597903\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"14\">https:\/\/townhall.com\/columnists\/thomassowell\/2021\/10\/23\/high-stakes-in-virginia-n2597903<\/a><br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>41. Cornel West, \u201cBernie was crushed by Neoliberalism\u201d,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/jacobinmag.com\/2020\/12\/cornel-west-interview-bernie-black-lives-matter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" data-linkindex=\"15\">https:\/\/jacobinmag.com\/2020\/12\/cornel-west-interview-bernie-black-lives-matter<\/a>\u00a0\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>42. Francis Fukuyama\uff0c\u540c30\u3002<br aria-hidden=\"true\" \/>43. Richard Rorty\uff0cPhilosophy and Social Hope, Penguin,1999, P273\u3002\u5f15\u6587\u6709\u6587\u5b57\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u3010\u534e\u590f\u6587\u6458\u3011\u80e1\u5e73\u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u58f0\u79f0\u73b0\u4ee3\u6b27\u6d32\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u8d85\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u8d8a\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u58f0\u79f0\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5408\u8c10\u76f8\u5904\u5e76\u63d0\u5347\u5e78\u798f\u611f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6bd4\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u66f4\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-93082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-thought","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93082","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=93082"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93082\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93083,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93082\/revisions\/93083"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=93082"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=93082"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=93082"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}