{"id":9357,"date":"2009-05-12T13:38:29","date_gmt":"2009-05-12T13:38:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:10081\/?p=9357 "},"modified":"2009-05-12T13:38:29","modified_gmt":"2009-05-12T13:38:29","slug":"9357-revision-v1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=9357","title":{"rendered":"\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e(1915-1949\u5e74)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u8981\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793c\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u793c\u6cbb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b26\u5408\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u6b63\u4e49\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ece19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u5343\u5e74\u672a\u6709\u4e4b\u5927\u53d8\u5c40\u3002\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u79e9\u5e8f\u5168\u9762\u89e3\u4f53\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f6c\u578b\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u9996\u8981\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4e5f\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u53cc\u91cd\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5374\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5185\u5728\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u5b66\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c42\u9762\u4e88\u4ee5\u5706\u6ee1\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u53d1\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5927\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5371\u673a\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u4e5f\u6df1\u523b\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u6b63\u4e49\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u672c\u6587\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u4e94\u56db\u52301949\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56fd\u9645\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\uff0c\u5bfb\u6c42\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u516c\u9053\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e00\u300119\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5371\u673a<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u800c\u8a00\u53d1\u7aef\u4e8e\u4e94\u56db\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u5728\u300a\u300a\u65b0\u6c11\u4ece\u62a5\u300b\u9f13\u5439\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u6c11\u8bf4\u201d\u3001\u4e25\u590d\u5bf9\u5bc6\u5c14\uff08J.S.Mill\uff09\u3001\u65af\u5bbe\u585e\uff08H.Spencer\uff09\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4f5c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5148\u58f0\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u672a\u6380\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u72c2\u6f9c\u3002\u5230\u4e94\u56db\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5927\u6279\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u82f1\u7f8e\u548c\u6b27\u9646\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d17\u793c\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u56de\u56fd\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4e1c\u6e10\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u9042\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u663e\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u94f8\u9020\u4e86\u4e94\u56db\u53ca\u540e\u4e94\u56db\u4e24\u4ee3\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u7075\u9b42\u3002[\u6ce81]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u5916\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u601d\u6f6e\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5371\u673a\u3002\u5361\u5c14\u3002\u535a\u5170\u5c3c\uff08KarlPolanyi\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u56db\u6839\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u652f\u67f1\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff1a\u9738\u6743\u5747\u8861\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u672c\u4f4d\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u91d1\u672c\u4f4d\u5236\u5ea6\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u7684\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5371\u673a\u5c31\u4e0e\u91d1\u672c\u4f4d\u5236\u5d29\u6e83\u6709\u5173\u3002\u800c\u91d1\u672c\u4f4d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u6bcd\u4f53\u5374\u662f\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u535a\u62c9\u5c3c\u6307\u51fa\uff1a[\u6ce82]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u8574\u542b\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u7136\u7a7a\u60f3\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4f53\u5236\u3002\u5047\u5982\u4e0d\u5e9f\u7edd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u4eba\u6027\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u53ca\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u671f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6467\u6bc1\u4eba\u7c7b\u5e76\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u6210\u8352\u91ce\u3002\u800c\u65e0\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5c06\u91c7\u53d6\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8bba\u793e\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u90a3\u4e00\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u90fd\u4f1a\u635f\u4f24\u5230\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u81ea\u5f8b\uff0c\u6270\u4e71\u5230\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5371\u5bb3\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fdb\u9000\u4e24\u96be\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u5ea6\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ec8\u4e8e\u74e6\u89e3\u4e86\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u5ea6\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u56fe\u5229\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u65e5\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u51c6\u5219\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b9e\u8df5\u5374\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u627f\u8bfa\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5e76\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u7136\u79e9\u5e8f\u662f\u548c\u8c10\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u89c6\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6b63\u4e49\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u798f\u5229\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8282\u5236\u5730\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e2a\u4eba\u79c1\u5229\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5b89\u5168\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5171\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u65e0\u6cd5\u751f\u5b58\u3002\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u6743\u529b\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ee4\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53cd\u5f39\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u8fd0\u52a8\u4ee5\u514d\u906d\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u53c8\u5012\u8fc7\u6765\u635f\u5bb3\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u81ea\u5f8b\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u767e\u5e74\u8f89\u714c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa\u9010\u6e10\u663e\u73b0\u5176\u5185\u5728\u7684\u4e24\u96be\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4e24\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u548c1929\u5e74\u7684\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u5730\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u660e\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u81ea\u5f8b\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u5ea6\u662f19\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e9a\u5f53\u3002\u65af\u5bc6\uff08AdamSmith\uff09\u7b49\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u67f1\u3002\u5f53\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u5236\u53d1\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5176\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u62a4\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u90a3\u91cc\u5438\u53d6\u518d\u751f\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece19\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u671f\u8d77\uff0c\u5f53\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f0a\u75c5\u663e\u73b0\u3001\u5c1a\u672a\u7206\u53d1\u5371\u673a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u8fb9\u6c81\uff08JeremyBentham\uff09\u548c\u5bc6\u5c14\u4ee5\u201c\u6700\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5e78\u798f\u201d\u7684\u529f\u5229\u6807\u51c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u5c06\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u529f\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\uff1b\u800c\u683c\u6797\uff08T.H.Green\uff09\u66f4\u662f\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5316\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u5176\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\u3001\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u6211\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u8fd0\u52a8\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u5f00\u59cb\u201c\u4eba\u9053\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4e54\u6cbb\u3002\u8428\u62dc\u56e0\uff08George.Sabine\uff09\u6240\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0d\u5bb9\u8bb8\u8131\u79bb\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u5411\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u201d[\u6ce83]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u9898\u4ee5\u524d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5185\u5316\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u62c5\u5f53\u8d77\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u65e9\u5148\u7684\u5168\u9762\u627f\u8bfa\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u897f\u6b27\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e5f\u9010\u6b65\u5438\u53d6\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u65e5\u76ca\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u754c\u9650\u53d8\u5f97\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u4f60\u4e2d\u6709\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u4e2d\u6709\u4f60\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u8d39\u8fb9\u793e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u5173\u5305\u5bb9\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u523070\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\uff08JohnRawls\uff09\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8f9e\u5178\u5f0f\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u7ec8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5176\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u968f\u7740\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u5411\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5efa\u5236\u5316\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u6587\u660e\u53d1\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u5371\u673a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fc5\u901f\u4f5c\u51fa\u4f53\u5236\u4e0a\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u6539\u826f\uff0c\u6e10\u6e10\u5bb9\u7eb3\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u65b0\u653f\u548c\u6218\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u6267\u653f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5927\u5927\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u798f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u52b3\u5de5\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u7d2f\u8ba1\u7a0e\u63aa\u65bd\u4e00\u4e00\u843d\u5b9e\uff0c\u65b0\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f53\u5236\u6d88\u89e3\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5374\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5438\u53d6\u4e8619\u4e16\u7eaa\u6587\u660e\u6559\u8bad\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6539\u9769\u91cd\u5927\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f9720\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u56de\u5e94\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u6218\u540e30\u5e74\uff081945-1974\u5e74\uff09\u7684\u5927\u7e41\u8363\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u800c\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u768420\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u6b63\u662f19\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u5371\u673a\u5168\u9762\u7206\u53d1\u3001\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u548c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u65b0\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u5c06\u5f62\u6210\u800c\u672a\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u9645\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u968f\u774019\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u7684\u52a0\u6df1\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u5e2d\u5377\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u4e5f\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3b\u6d41\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4ece\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u52a0\u5165\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u601d\u6f6e\u5c42\u9762\u4e5f\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5de6\u53f3\u4e86\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e43\u81f3\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\u5404\u7c7b\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u5730\u62d2\u7edd\u53e4\u5178\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u592a\u4ee4\u4eba\u5947\u602a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u53f3\u7ffc\u7684\u80e1\u9002\uff0c\u5728\u4e94\u56db\u548c\u4e090\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e5f\u591a\u6b21\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u597d\u611f\u4e0e\u70ed\u60c5\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bba\u7684\u53e3\u543b\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e43\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8f6c\u7684\u5927\u6f6e\u6d41\uff1a[\u6ce84]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u65b0\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u6761\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u5e73\u7b49\u535a\u7231\uff0c\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u6761\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u6d41\u5f0a\u6e10\u6e10\u66b4\u767d\u65bc\u4e16\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u82e6\u75db\u4e5f\u6e10\u6e10\u660e\u4e86\u3002\u8fdc\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u535a\u7231\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u5411\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u624b\u91cc\u8981\u6c42\u516c\u9053\u7684\u5f85\u9047\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e0e\u864e\u8c0b\u76ae\u3002\u2014\u2014\u4e8e\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4ee5\u4e5d0\u5e74\u4ee3\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u7ec8\u7ed3\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u773c\u5149\u4f1a\u8fc7\u5934\u6765\u770b\u5f53\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u72c2\u70ed\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u7f6e\u8eab\u4e8e20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4ef0\u70b9\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u624d\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e5d0\u5e74\u4ee3\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u7ec8\u7ed3\u8bba\u201d\u662f\u4ee5\u82cf\u8054\u5f0f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6210\u8d25\u8bba\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u662f\u4ee5\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9e\u8df5\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u51ef\u65cb\uff0c\u53c8\u4f55\u5c1d\u4e0d\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u501f\u8179\u6000\u80ce\uff01<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u6240\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e2\u542b\u7cca\u53c8\u5206\u5316\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u7c97\u7565\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6210\u4efd\uff1a<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9648\u72ec\u79c0\u3001\u674e\u5927\u948a\u3001\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u975e\u672c\u6587\u4e4b\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u59d1\u4e14\u5217\u800c\u4e0d\u8bba\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u662f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u80e1\u9002\u4e0e\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u7b49\u8bb8\u591a\u82f1\u7f8e\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7686\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u8fc7\u897f\u65b9\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6d17\u793c\uff0c\u4ece\u4e94\u56db\u65f6\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fbf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u660e\u663e\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u529b\u56fe\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u52a0\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u8c03\u548c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u5f53\u65f6\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u6709\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u80e1\u9002\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4e94\u56db\u65f6\u4ee5\u675c\u5a01\uff08JohnDewey\uff09\u4e3a\u6977\u6a21\uff0c\u523040\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u7f57\u65af\u798f\uff08Roosevelt\uff09\u4e3a\u65d7\u5e1c\u3002\u80e1\u9002\u867d\u7136\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff08NewLiberalism\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5c06\u5b83\u51a0\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5934\u8854\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff08LiberalSocialism\uff09\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u80e1\u9002\u7279\u610f\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u907f\u514d\u2018\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u2019\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e09\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u2018\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u2019\uff08Socializing\uff09\u7684\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u6269\u5145\u4eab\u53d7\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u4eab\u53d7\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u201d[\u6ce85]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d41\u6d3e\u539f\u6765\u5728\u897f\u6b27\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u53f3\u7ffc\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u6d3e\u3002\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u5168\u76d8\u63a5\u53d7\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u5217\u5b81\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u8db3\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5012\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u95f4\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6ecb\u957f\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u575a\u662f\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u4e00\u8109\uff0c\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u201c\u4e8c\u5f20\u201d\uff1a\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u548c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u7f57\u9686\u57fa\u3001\u50a8\u5b89\u5e73\u3001\u6f58\u5149\u65e6\u3001\u8427\u4e7e\u7b49\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u81ea\u7531\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u5723\u4eba\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u4e24\u4e2a\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff1a\u7f57\u7d20\uff08BertrandRussell\uff09\u548c\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\uff08HaroldLaski\uff09\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7075\u9b42\u3002\u800c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u699c\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u3001\u4e090\u5e74\u4ee3\u662f\u9b4f\u739b\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\uff0c\u523040\u5e74\u4ee3\u5219\u662f\u6218\u540e\u6267\u653f\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u4e09\u6761\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u9053\u8def\u3002\u524d\u8005\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u540e\u4e24\u6761\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u9635\u8425\u5185\u90e8\u3002\u4ece\u4e94\u56db\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u6df7\u6c8c\u4e00\u7247\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u5f00\u8fc7\u300219\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7eb3\u5165\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e76\u65e0\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u8bbe\uff0c\u5982\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5176\u533a\u522b\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u6bd4\u91cd\u3001\u5404\u81ea\u5e08\u4ece\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u6d41\u6d3e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u8981\u8d85\u8fc7\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f9d\u7136\u5b88\u62a4\u7740\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u9635\u8425\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ece\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u89d2\u5ea6\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u6210\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u80e1\u9002\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u65e0\u4eba\u6bd4\u62df\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b66\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u4ed6\u57fa\u672c\u65e0\u6240\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4e0d\u53ca\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u8ff0\u7684\u201c\u4e8c\u5f20\u201d\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u50cf\u201c\u4e8c\u5f20\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b66\u7406\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e3a\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3b\u6d41\u601d\u6f6e\u4e0d\u662f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5f53\u5c5e\u65e0\u7591\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4e13\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u517c\u53ca\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\uff1a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u5f0a<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u65b0\u7684\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5bf919\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u591a\u6709\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u601d\u6027\u7684\u5438\u53d6\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u54ea\u91cc\u5462\uff1f<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6599\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u4ee5\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u535a\u5170\u5c3c\u6240\u8bf4\u768419\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u2014\u2014\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u7acb\u56fd\u4e4b\u9053\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6982\u62ec\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u77ed\u5904\uff1a[\u6ce86]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u8d22\u5bcc\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\uff0c\u917f\u6210\u8d2b\u5bcc\u7684\u4e0d\u5747\u3002\u65e0\u7edf\u7b79\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u6d41\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u5269\u3002\u79c1\u4eba\u4e92\u76f8\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u56e0\u7ade\u4e89\u800c\u751f\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e09\u6761\u77ed\u5904\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u540e\u4e24\u6761\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u95f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u6768\u4eba\u4fbf1948\u5e74\u5728\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u5199\u9053\uff1a[\u6ce87]\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u65e2\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u4e4b\u8bf4\u532a\u7279\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5df2\u4e3a\u591a\u6570\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6240\u653e\u5f03\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u5728\u4e94\u56db\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u50cf\u6240\u6709\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u79c1\u6709\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u7f6a\u6076\u90fd\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u3001\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u5927\u8d44\u672c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002[\u6ce88]\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u6240\u6709\u5236\u4e0a\u505a\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u949f\u60c5\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u53ca\u5176\u9b4f\u739b\u65b0\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u5c0a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u516c\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u6291\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u79c1\u5229\u201d\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u201d\u3001\u201c\u516c\u79c1\u5171\u6709\u201d\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u89e3\u51b3\u79c1\u4eba\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u548c\u5784\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\u3002[\u6ce890]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u5219\u5fc3\u4eea\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u8d39\u8fb9\u793e\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u53c2\u8003\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u884c\u4e1a\u516c\u4f1a\u201d\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u8d70\u57fa\u5c14\u7279\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002[\u6ce810]\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u523030\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9010\u6e10\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u89c6\u7ebf\u4ece\u79c1\u4eba\u6240\u6709\u5236\u79fb\u5411\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u5236\u5ea6\u30021932\u5e74\uff0c\u201c\u4e8c\u5f20\u201d\u53d1\u8d77\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u515a\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u3002\u5728\u5176\u7eb2\u9886\u6027\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u8c08\u5230\u8d44\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7578\u5f62\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd\uff1a[\u6ce811]\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u5373\u4e3b\u5f20\u627f\u8ba4\u79c1\u4ea7\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u987b\u77e5\u8d44\u672c\u5236\u5ea6\u6240\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u4ee5\u6f14\u6210\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7578\u5f62\uff0c\u5176\u6545\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u79c1\u4ea7\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u7531\u4e8e\u653e\u4efb\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8d28\u800c\u4e4b\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u4e86\u79c1\u4ea7\u518d\u52a0\u4ee5\u653e\u4efb\uff0c\u4e43\u59cb\u6709\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u81f3\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7531\u79c1\u4ea7\u800c\u6f14\u51fa\uff0c\u5374\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u6709\u79c1\u4ea7\u5219\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc5\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u3002\u660e\u767d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u754c\u9650\u4fbf\u53ef\u77e5\u9053\u8d44\u672c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6447\u52a8\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5b8c\u5168\u8fde\u7d2f\u79c1\u4ea7\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u867d\u7136\u79c1\u4ea7\u5236\u5ea6\u4e5f\u6709\u5f0a\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u5f0a\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0d\u5728\u79c1\u4ea7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u653e\u4efb\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u53e4\u5178\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0e\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u8bc6\u65b9\u5411\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u5b83\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4fdd\u6301\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u540e\u6765\u4f5c\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c18\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6709\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u3002\u6240\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\u540e\u6765\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5927\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u653e\u4efb\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u521d\u671f\u52a9\u957f\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u4e0d\u6599\u4e5f\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u957f\u6210\u3002\u5bf9\u5185\u6108\u89c1\u8d2b\u5bcc\u4e0d\u5747\uff0c\u5bf9\u5916\u6108\u8d8b\u4e8e\u4fb5\u7565\u3002\u6f14\u53d8\u81f3\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5343\u75ae\u767e\u5b54\u4e86\u3002[\u6ce812]\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u7528\u5b66\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0a\u4e0d\u7b49\u503c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u524d\u8005\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u660e\u663e\u5177\u6709\u8d2c\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u5bb3\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fde\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u3002\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a[\u6ce813]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u7f18\u4e0e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ed3\u5408\u800c\u5931\u5176\u7075\u9b42\u3002\u4eca\u82e5\u6062\u590d\u7075\u9b42\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u53cd\u5bf9\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5728\u6574\u4e2a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u4e43\u81f3\u523080\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u7f6a\u6076\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e00\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u5927\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4e4b\u5f0a\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7a76\u7adf\u5728\u4f55\u5904\uff1f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u6b64\u7684\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u975e\u7406\u6027\u5316\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u5269\u5371\u673a\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u5206\u914d\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\u516c\u9053\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d2b\u5bcc\u4e24\u6781\u5206\u5316\u3002\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c\u4e94\u8282\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u3001\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c0\u5e74\u4ee3\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u8d28\u7591\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u4f26\u7406\u6027\u7684\uff0c1929\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u5269\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u5206\u914d\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e25\u91cd\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u5ea6\u867d\u7136\u627f\u8bfa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5728\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u7ade\u4e89\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\uff0c\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u903b\u8f91\u603b\u662f\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u96c6\u4e2d\u548c\u5784\u65ad\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u7ade\u4e89\u603b\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u7ade\u4e89\u662f\u81ea\u53d1\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u683c\u5408\u7406\u8c03\u8282\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u5206\u914d\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u73af\u8282\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u5e02\u573a\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5408\u7406\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7531\u4e8e\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5931\u7075\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f8b\u4e3e\u4e86\u6469\u6839\u516c\u53f8\u64cd\u7eb5\u7f8e\u56fd\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u94c1\u8def\u548c\u516c\u7528\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7b49\u5784\u65ad\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u8d28\u7591\u4e9a\u5f53\u3002\u65af\u5bc6\u4ee5\u6765\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u653e\u4efb\u5b66\u8bf4\uff1a[\u6ce814]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4f9d\u5f7c\u8f88\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u4f9b\u6c42\u76f8\u5e94\u4e4b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u7545\u884c\u65e0\u963b\uff0c\u5219\u7269\u4ef7\u81ea\u5e73\u3002\u7136\u5c31\u5404\u4eba\u5e73\u65e5\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u5173\u4e8e\u6240\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u7686\u5df2\u653e\u5f03\u7ade\u4e89\u800c\u8d70\u4e0a\u5784\u65ad\u4e4b\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u81ea\u7531\u7ade\u4e89\u4f55\u5728\uff1f\u6240\u8c13\u4e0d\u5784\u65ad\u53c8\u4f55\u5728\uff1f<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5784\u65ad\u8d44\u672c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u6e90\u6d41\u4e43\u662f\u653e\u4efb\u653f\u7b56\u4e4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u53e4\u5178\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u65f6\u4ee3\u6240\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u3002[\u6ce815]\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u5462\uff1f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u90fd\u5c06\u5e0c\u671b\u5bc4\u6258\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u65b0\u6f6e\u6d41\u3002\u80e1\u9002\u65e9\u57281914\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5c31\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u5199\u5230\uff1a[\u6ce816]\u4eca\u65e5\u897f\u65b9\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e4b\u8d8b\u5411\uff0c\u4e43\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u5e72\u6d89\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u7531\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u8d8b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8fdc\u79bb\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4eb2\u8fd1\u5e72\u6d89\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d7\u5230\u8fb9\u6c81\u3001\u5bc6\u5c14\u7684\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u201c\u6700\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5e78\u798f\u201d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u8fd8\u662f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fe1\u5ff5\u6307\u5f15\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u575a\u4fe1\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u79e9\u5e8f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u3001\u798f\u5229\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u9a71\u4f7f\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u8d70\u5411\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e09\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u7684\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u5371\u673a\u5e2d\u5377\u6574\u4e2a\u6b27\u7f8e\uff0c\u552f\u72ec\u82cf\u4fc4\u5e78\u514d\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e94\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u82cf\u4fc4\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u5931\u4e1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d77\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u3001\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u5174\u594b\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a[\u6ce817]\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u82e6\u95f7\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u7531\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9887\u7ed9\u4e88\u4ee5\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e4b\u5b9e\u65bd\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u201c<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u597d\u611f\u548c\u72c2\u70ed\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b21\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u9769\u547d\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f0f\u5411\u5f80\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u72c2\u70ed\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u662f30\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\u72c2\u70ed\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0e\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u6709\u5236\u6709\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5374\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5b83\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u518d\u4e09\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u201c\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u201d\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ee5\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u539f\u5219\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u624d\u662f\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8ba1\u5212\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u751f\u4ea7\u5f97\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5e78\u798f\u3002[\u6ce818]\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u9760\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u56fd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u82cf\u4fc4\u8d21\u732e\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\uff1a\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u4ed6\u70ed\u70c8\u5730\u79f0\u9882\u82cf\u4fc4\u201c\u5c45\u7136\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u521b\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6697\u4e2d\u6478\u7d22\uff0c\u591a\u65b9\u8fc2\u56de\u800c\u5f97\u7684\u5149\u660e\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u201d[\u6ce819]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5de6\u7ffc\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u672a\u66fe\u5230\u8fc7\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5176\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u6216\u60f3\u8c61\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u3001\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5177\u6709\u70ed\u70c8\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5c06\u4e4b\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e2d\u6027\u7684\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4e8e\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u6709\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u79c1\u6709\u5236\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6df7\u5408\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u66ff\u6216\u914d\u5408\u5e02\u573a\u5408\u7406\u5730\u5206\u914d\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u4e5f\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u548c\u6218\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5b9e\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8427\u4e7e1948\u5e74\u4e3a\u300a\u5927\u516c\u62a5\u300b\u5199\u7684\u793e\u8bc4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7edf\u5236\u201d\uff08\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba1\u5212\uff09\u4e0e\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff1a[\u6ce820]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u515a\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u8ddd\u79bb\u5f88\u8fdc\u5f88\u8fdc\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u62e5\u62a4\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u5bcc\u6b3a\u8d2b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u3002\u5bf9\u5185\u4e5f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7cbe\u9ad3\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u53ef\u8bf4\u5e26\u4e86\u9887\u6d53\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u8d2b\u5bcc\u60ac\u6b8a\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u6076\u679c\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8d5e\u6210\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7edf\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6de1\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u6210\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u90fd\u5f02\u53e3\u540c\u58f0\u79f0\u8d5e\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4e94\u56db\u4ee5\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u754c\u6240\u5f25\u6f2b\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bba\u6709\u5173\u3002\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u5bf9\u7406\u6027\u7684\u9ad8\u626c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u666e\u904d\u5730\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5168\u77e5\u5168\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u5728\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u5728\u201d\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u8457\u79f0\u7684\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u5c31\u76f8\u4fe1\u201c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u603b\u662f\u201d\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u201c\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u201d\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eba\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u90fd\u719f\u4e60\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4fbf\u53ef\u4f9d\u7167\u7740\u800c\u53e6\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u201c[\u6ce821]\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea7\u751f\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u6709\u5236\u4e0e\u6781\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u4f4d\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u300a\u7acb\u56fd\u4e4b\u9053\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ee7\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u77ed\u5904\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u81ea\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u987b\u591a\u8bbe\u5b98\u540f\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u5b98\u540f\u4e0d\u957f\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8425\u5de5\u5546\u201d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u59a8\u5bb3\u4eba\u4eec\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u3002[\u6ce822]\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u8ba1\u5212\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0b\u4e2a\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u56fd\u5bb6\u53c8\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0a\u5b89\u6392\u7406\u6027\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u6b32\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u548c\u6218\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u7684\u6267\u653f\u653f\u7b56\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b26\u5408\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ea\u670919\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u897f\u6b27\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u4e1c\u4e9a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5bfc\u578b\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u66ff\u4ee3\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u523080\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5ba3\u544a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u4f46\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7684\u6539\u826f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u6db5\u5374\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e02\u573a\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u5f97\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e2\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u201c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u201c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u201d\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u679d\u8282\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\u591a\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5e76\u672a\u5927\u9519\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u56db\u3001\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u503e\u5411\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5177\u6709\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u662f\u4f17\u4ef7\u503c\u4e2d\u6700\u4f18\u5148\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5e7f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u5177\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5185\u6db5\uff1f<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u5f0f\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u6070\u7684\u3001\u5148\u5728\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6743\u5229\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5bc6\u5c14\u548c\u683c\u6797\u4e24\u6b21\u5bf9\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u610f\u5473\u5927\u5927\u6de1\u5316\uff0c\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u6709\u6240\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u3002\u53d7\u6b64\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7ee7\u7eed\u575a\u5b88\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5f8b\u6027\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5f0f\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e00\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u3001\u6743\u5229\u4e0e\u4e49\u52a1\u5e76\u91cd\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u81ea\u7531\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff1aliberty\u548cfreedom.\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cliberty\u542b\u4e49\u6bd4\u8f83\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u7528\u5f20\u4f5b\u6cc9\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u591a\u6307\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u5217\u4e00\u5f20\u660e\u6670\u7684\u6743\u5229\u6e05\u5355\u3002[\u6ce823]\u800cfreedom\u542b\u4e49\u6bd4\u8f83\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u591a\u6307\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u8981\u662fliberty\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u67cf\u6797\uff08IsaiahBerlin\uff09\u7684\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u514d\u4e88\u5916\u529b\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u6d88\u6781\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4f46\u5230\u5bc6\u5c14\u3001\u7279\u522b\u662f\u683c\u6797\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u9010\u6e10\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u4e3b\u5bb0\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u5728\u4f55\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8c08\u81ea\u7531\uff1f\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u53d1\u6325\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e8c0\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u80e1\u9002\u3001\u7f57\u9686\u57fa\u3001\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7b49\u90fd\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u53d7\u538b\u5236\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u5728\u610f\u5fd7\u5c42\u9762\u8c08\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u89e3\u7f1a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7531\u81ea\u5df1\u4f5c\u4e3b\u201d\uff0c[\u6ce824].\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e8c\u8005\u4e88\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u533a\u5206\u3002[\u6ce825]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4eec\u8c08\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u65e2\u975e\u504f\u7231\u79ef\u6781\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e5f\u975e\u51b7\u6de1\u6d88\u6781\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u610f\u8bc6\u6df1\u5904\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e8c\u8005\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u5f00\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u66fe\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u5185\u5728\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u548c\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6d88\u6781\u5730\u514d\u4e8e\u5916\u5728\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u548c\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u4e89\u53d6\u610f\u5fd7\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5012\u662f\u5185\u5728\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u3002\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5bcc\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8fa8\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u66fe\u5728\u591a\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0e\u53cd\u6297\u5f3a\u5236\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u79f0\u4f5c\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u4f46\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9053\u5fb7\u4e0a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u89c9\uff0c\u4e0e\u7406\u6027\u662f\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u3002[\u6ce826]\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6d88\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u88ab\u878d\u5408\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u5982\u80e1\u9002\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002[\u6ce827]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u9a6c\u8003\u4f26\uff08G.G.MacCallum\uff09\u66fe\u7ecf\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e09\u4e2a\u8981\u7d20\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u4eba\u3001\u675f\u7f1a\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u81ea\u7531\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u67d0\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u675f\u7f1a\uff0c\u53bb\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b\u3002[\u6ce828]\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c06\u6d88\u6781\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u79ef\u6781\u81ea\u7531\u6574\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u5bc6\u5c14\u5230\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5185\u5728\u601d\u8def\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u65e0\u7591\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u6697\u793a\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u4e8e\u5426\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u770b\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5f3a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8981\u770b\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5b9e\u73b0\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2a\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u7531\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6240\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u6743\u5229\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d88\u6781\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6743\u5229\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u5178\u8303\u300b\u65f6\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\uff1a[\u6ce829]\u6743\u5229\u8005\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u8981\u4ef6\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4b\u8005\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d1\u5c55\u5176\u81ea\u6211\u4e4b\u6700\u5584\u4e4b\u8c13\u4e5f\u3002\u2014\u2014\u6743\u5229\u4e3a\u81ea\u6211\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e4b\u6761\u4ef6\u4e4b\u8bed\uff0c\u5373\u8d56\u6c0f\uff08\u6307\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\uff0c\u5f15\u8005\u6ce8\uff09\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e2d\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f69\u8272\u4e5f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u6240\u8c13\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6307\u653f\u6cbb\u6216\u6cd5\u6743\u9886\u57df\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f3a\u5236\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u5265\u593a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u5927\u6cdb\u5316\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u5305\u542b\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5982\u751f\u5b58\u6743\u3001\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u3001\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6743\u7b49\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u8fd8\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6d88\u6781\u5730\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f3a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5207\u5b9e\u5730\u80fd\u591f\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u53bb\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6743\u5229\u7684\u666e\u904d\u5316\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u6709\u53ef\u65e0\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9898\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u683c\u6797\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u201c\u4ece\u4e8b\u503c\u5f97\u53bb\u505a\u6216\u4eab\u53d7\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u201d[\u6ce830]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4ea7\u751f\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e5f\u662f\u5e7f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u5178\u8303\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u4f8b\u4e3e\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4eab\u53d7\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5982\u5de5\u4f5c\u6743\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u6743\u3001\u53c2\u653f\u6743\u3001\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u3001\u5408\u7406\u5de5\u65f6\u6743\u3001\u3001\u9002\u5f53\u5de5\u65f6\u6743\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6743\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u4e3a\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u6240\u7740\u91cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a[\u6ce831]\u8d56\u6c0f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5fc5\u56fd\u6c11\u4e4b\u77e5\u8bc6\u8d22\u4ea7\u7ea6\u7565\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u8bed\u592b\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u8ba1\u4e0a\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u975e\u7136\u8005\uff0c\u867d\u6709\u7f8e\u5236\uff0c\u5f92\u6210\u5177\u6587\uff0c\u660e\u4e4e\u6b64\u4e49\uff0c\u5219\u6cbb\u56fd\u4e4b\u60df\u4e00\u65b9\u9488\uff0c\u53a5\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u5730\u4f4d\u4e4b\u62ac\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u65e0\u4ed6\u5999\u5de7\u77e3\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e0d\u72ec\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fde\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u80e1\u9002\uff0c\u5728\u8c08\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e5f\u5341\u5206\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u5b83\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u675c\u5a01\u5bf9\u80e1\u9002\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6709\u5173\u3002\u675c\u5a01\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6709\u5f85\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u201d\u80e1\u9002\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u770b\u91cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2a\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u667a\u6167\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002[\u6ce832]\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u666e\u904d\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u843d\u5b9e\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u80e1\u9002\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e090\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u6743\u5229\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u65e5\u8d8b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u6743\u534f\u4f1a\u7684\u300a\u4eba\u6743\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5a01\u5c14\u65af\u7684\u300a\u4eba\u6743\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u90fd\u628a\u751f\u5b58\u6743\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8981\u4e49\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u90fd\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u3002[\u6ce833]\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5d07\u656c\u7684\u7f57\u65af\u798f1943\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u56db\u5927\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c06\u201c\u514d\u4e88\u532e\u4e4f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u672c\u6765\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5916\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8981\u7d20\u9686\u91cd\u63a8\u51fa\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u754c\u62ec\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u80a1\u65cb\u98ce\uff0c\u4ee4\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6b23\u559c\u82e5\u72c2\uff0c\u4e00\u65f6\u547c\u5e94\u56db\u8d77\uff0c\u6b22\u547c\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u964d\u4e34\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u8bf4\uff1a[\u6ce834]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u4eba\u6743\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u7ed3\u793e\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u8d22\u4ea7\u4e3a\u91cd\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5219\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u52b3\u52a8\u6743\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u6743\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4ece\u524d\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u610f\u4e49\u4e00\u8d2f\uff0c\u51b3\u65e0\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u4e5f\u5728\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u7684\u201c\u56db\u5927\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7075\u611f\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u4e0e\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\u5c06\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u5217\u5165\u4e86\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff1a[\u6ce835]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u867d\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5374\u5e2e\u52a9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u66f4\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6781\u53ef\u6068\u7684\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u662f\u5047\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e5f\u6bcf\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4ece\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4ece\u65b0\u8be0\u91ca\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u516c\u9053\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u4eba\u6743\u76f8\u63d0\u5e76\u8bba\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u9898\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e94\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u7684\u539f\u5219<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u6b63\u4e49\uff08justice\uff09\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u6b63\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u5f62\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5e72\u9884\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u559c\u597d\u3002\u6b63\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u559c\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u800c\uff0c\u8d2b\u7a77\u3001\u5931\u4e1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u89c2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u201d\uff08commutativejustice\uff09\u3002[\u6ce836]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u66b4\u9732\u4e86\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6b63\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7531\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u800c\u81ea\u7136\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u516c\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u7531\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u9650\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u539f\u5219\u52a0\u4ee5\u7ea0\u6b63\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u53d6\u6d88\u548c\u524a\u5f31\u5e02\u573a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u6b64\u7f13\u548c\u653e\u4efb\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u540e\u679c\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6b63\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u7531\u201c\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u201d\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u201c\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u201d\uff08distributivejustice\uff09\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u90fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u4e00\u4f8b\u5916\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u201c\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6b63\u4e49\u201d\u89c2\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u89c6\u6b63\u4e49\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b63\u4e49\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u4e3b\u8981\u88ab\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u201d\u6216\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u4e8c0\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u5c31\u660e\u786e\u5730\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a[\u6ce837]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u543e\u4ee5\u76f4\u6377\u4e86\u5f53\u4e4b\u8bed\u544a\u56fd\u4eba\uff1a\u4e00\u56fd\u4e4b\u751f\u8ba1\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4ee5\u516c\u9053\u4e3a\u6839\u672c\uff0c\u6b64\u5927\u539f\u5219\u4e5f\u3002\u2014\u2014\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u5982\u9e1f\u4e4b\u4e24\u7ffc\uff0c\u8f66\u4e4b\u4e24\u8f6e\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\u8005\u4e5f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u201d\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff1f\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7b49\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8fb9\u6c81\u3001\u5bc6\u5c14\u7b49\u7684\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4e00\u5207\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f53\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u4f4619\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u56fe\u5bcc\u5f3a\u4e4b\u6545\u800c\u727a\u7272\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5bf9\u5185\u9020\u6210\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u5bf9\u5916\u917f\u6210\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u6218\uff0c\u4e43\u4e0d\u8db3\u53d6\u4e5f\u3002[\u6ce838]\u4e2d\u56fd\u867d\u7136\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u8fd8\u662f\u82e6\u4e8e\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u4e0d\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u8d2b\u4e4f\u8fd8\u662f\u6700\u5927\u4e4b\u60a3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3001\u6548\u7387\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6709\u4e8f\u4e8e\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u548c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a[\u6ce839]\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e0d\u4e27\u5931\u516c\u5e73\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5219\u56fd\u5bb6\u4fbf\u5e38\u5728\u53d8\u6001\u4e2d\uff1b\u7eb5\u6709\u6548\u7387\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f97\u771f\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u516c\u5e73\u5c24\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u75c5\u6001\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6c42\u5b9e\u5728\u6b63\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6c42\u90a3\u4e9b\u53d8\u6001\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u6027\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u65f6\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u654f\u611f\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5434\u627f\u660e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a1895-1913\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u662f\u521d\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u65f6\u671f\uff1b1914-1920\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u662f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff1b1920-1936\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u3002[\u6ce840]\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u521a\u597d\u5728\u8fd9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\u65f6\u671f\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u7edd\u975e\u5076\u7136\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u7531\u6b64\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u57281914\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4ece1914\u52301936\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6df1\u523b\u5730\u98a0\u8986\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u57ce\u4e61\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u90fd\u5e02\u4e0e\u4e61\u6751\u3001\u6cbf\u6d77\u4e0e\u5185\u5730\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u968f\u7740\u8d44\u672c\u539f\u59cb\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u6536\u5165\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u672a\u6709\u8fc7\u7684\u5c16\u9510\u65b9\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\uff1a\u4e00\u6781\u662f\u5728\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5de8\u5927\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\/\u519b\u4e8b\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u548c\u5177\u6709\u5784\u65ad\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u6781\u662f\u968f\u7740\u5185\u5730\u548c\u4e61\u6751\u65e5\u76ca\u51cb\u853d\u800c\u751f\u6d3b\u6bcf\u51b5\u6108\u4e0b\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u519c\u6c11\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u8d2b\u6c11\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u57281936\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd8\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u5c1a\u672a\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u6027\u7206\u53d1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5230\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6218\u4e89\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7a7a\u524d\u77ed\u7f3a\u548c\u7531\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u800c\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6076\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5305\u62ec\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u666e\u901a\u516c\u52a1\u5458\u5728\u5185\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u90fd\u9677\u4e8e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8d2b\u56f0\u5316\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u666e\u904d\u7684\u8d2b\u56f0\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c42\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u5374\u501f\u52a9\u5784\u65ad\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5927\u53d1\u56fd\u96be\u8d22\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u8150\u8d25\u4ee4\u5c11\u6570\u6743\u8d35\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u7a00\u7f3a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u516c\u9053\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u5206\u914d\u7684\u516c\u6b63\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8c01\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86\u516c\u6b63\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\uff0c\u8c01\u5c31\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u6c11\u5fc3\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u5e95\u5c42\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u5730\u56de\u5e94\u5e95\u5c42\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e3e\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u5927\u65d7\uff0c\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0a\u98ce\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5728\u56de\u5e94\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u51e0\u4e4e\u5904\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u8d77\u8dd1\u7ebf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u4e94\u56db\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5f53\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c1a\u672a\u5206\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u5230\u4e8c0\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u6218\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7a76\u7adf\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u50cf\u82cf\u4fc4\u90a3\u6837\u91c7\u53d6\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u9769\u547d\u65b9\u5f0f\u5462\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u50cf\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u8d39\u8fb9\u793e\u6216\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a0\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\uff1f[\u6ce841]\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u4e8c0\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u7b49\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u5411\u5f80\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f46\u4f9d\u7136\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u7f57\u7d20\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u53d1\u5c55\u8fd8\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd8\u662f\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u7684\u6539\u826f\u3002[\u6ce842]\u4e090\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6df1\u5316\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u3001\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7b49\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u89c6\u5bf9\u91cd\u5efa\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u79e9\u5e8f\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u201c\u5206\u914d\u6b63\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u7684\u7eb2\u9886\u6027\u5ba3\u8a00\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6539\u5584\u52b3\u5de5\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u627f\u8ba4\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u6743\u3001\u5de5\u5382\u7acb\u5baa\u5236\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u79df\u7a0e\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u85c9\u6b64\u8fbe\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u516c\u5e73\u7b49\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002[\u6ce843]\u5230\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5f53\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u95ee\u9898\u7a7a\u524d\u5c16\u9510\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3001\u800c\u4e14\u8fde\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u90fd\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u52a0\u4ee5\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9898\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002\u8427\u4e7e\u5728\u90a3\u7bc7\u4e3a\u300a\u5927\u516c\u62a5\u300b\u6240\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u793e\u8bc4\u4e2d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6240\u8c08\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4ee5\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u5e76\u91cd\uff0c\u516c\u5e73\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u80fd\u7684\u5fb7\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u524a\u51cf\u548c\u5265\u593a\u7279\u6743\u8005\u7684\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8427\u4e7e\u4e3b\u5f20\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u516c\u7528\u4e8b\u4e1a\u56fd\u6709\uff0c\u5728\u8d22\u653f\u4e0a\u5b9e\u884c\u8bfe\u5bcc\u7684\u8d4b\u7a0e\u653f\u7b56\u3002[\u6ce844]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u6293\u4f4f\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u201d\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u826f\u77e5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u540e\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d7\u5230\u632b\u6298\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u4e3b\u5f20\u8131\u79bb\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53e6\u6709\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u800c\u4ece\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u68c0\u8ba8\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u592a\u201c\u73b0\u5b9e\u201d\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u8def\u8fc7\u591a\u5730\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6848\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u3001\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u3001\u666e\u904d\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u7d2f\u8fdb\u7a0e\u548c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u7684\u843d\u5b9e\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4ece\u5b66\u7406\u4e0a\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u8bba\u8bc1\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u516c\u9053\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5982\u540c\u8bb8\u591a\u4e50\u89c2\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8c61\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u6b63\u4e49\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5185\u6070\u7684\u3001\u76f8\u5f97\u76ca\u5f70\u7684\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u4e88\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f8e\u597d\u4ef7\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\u7f3a\u5c11\u8d77\u7801\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u5b89\u6392\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u7b49\u4ef7\u503c\u4f5c\u51fa\u8f9e\u5178\u5f0f\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u6027\u6392\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u516c\u9053\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ec5\u4ec5\u505c\u7559\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b66\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8c61\u5f53\u65f6\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u548c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u91cd\u65b0\u56de\u8fc7\u5934\u6765\u6e05\u70b9\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u9057\u4ea7\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e3a\u6b64\u611f\u5230\u6df1\u6df1\u7684\u9057\u61be\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u516d\u3001\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82cf\u4fc4\u201d<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u4e94\u56db\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\uff0c\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u4e24\u6761\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff1a\u662f\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u5462\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82cf\u4fc4\u201d\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u8d70\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\u5462\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8d70\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\uff1f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u6709\u5316\u7ea6\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u53ca\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u6709\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5317\u6b27\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e1c\u6b27\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u670919\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u670920\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u65b0\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5177\u4f53\u5230\u82cf\u4fc4\u548c\u82f1\u7f8e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u660e\u786e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u8c13\u82f1\u7f8e\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\uff0c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0e20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e09\u3001\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u65b0\u653f\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\u5c31\u5927\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5316\u7ea6\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u4f5c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u4ee5\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82cf\u4fc4\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u6587\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u4f5c\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4ece\u53d1\u751f\u5b66\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u56fd\u524d\u534a\u53f6\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u540e\u534a\u53f6\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u662f\u540e\u8005\u5728\u53cd\u601d\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u8005\u662f\u5728\u53cd\u601d19\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6587\u660e\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u90a3\u4ee3\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u201c\u4e8c\u5f20\u201d\u5230\u80e1\u9002\uff0c\u591a\u591a\u5c11\u5c11\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ed6\u4eec\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u8fde\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u8001\u5e08\u90fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u675c\u5a01\u3001\u7f57\u7d20\u548c\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\uff0c\u662f\u4e09\u4f4d\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u82f1\u7f8e\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u3002\u524d\u4e8c\u4f4d\u4e94\u56db\u65f6\u671f\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u5730\u4f5c\u8fc7\u5de1\u56de\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e8c\u4f4d\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\u90fd\u662f\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u8fc7\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5f71\u54cd\u8981\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u675c\u5a01\u548c\u7f57\u7d20\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7f57\u9686\u57fa\u3001\u848b\u5ef7\u9efb\u3001\u5434\u6587\u85fb\u3001\u9648\u6e90\u3001\u738b\u9020\u65f6\u3001\u50a8\u5b89\u5e73\u3001\u676d\u7acb\u6b66\u7b49\u7559\u5b66\u82f1\u7f8e\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u4eb2\u7099\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff1b\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u867d\u7136\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u81ea\u8ba4\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u6700\u4e3a\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u5c06\u4ed6\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u6d1b\u514b\uff08J.Locke\uff09\u3001\u8fb9\u6c81\u548c\u5bc6\u5c14\u4e4b\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6b63\u5b97\u4f20\u4eba\u3002[\u6ce845]\u5728\u4e8c\u3001\u4e090\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u5148\u540e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u4e09\u90e8\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\uff1a\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u5178\u8303\u300b\uff08TheGrammarofPolitics\uff09\u3001\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u300b\uff08TheStateinTheoryandPractive\uff09\u548c\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u300b\uff08Communism\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7531\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u3001\u738b\u9020\u65f6\u548c\u9ec4\u8087\u5e74\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u65b0\u6708\u4e66\u5e97\u57281931\u5e74\u8fd8\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e18\u8f9b\u767d\u6240\u8bd1\u7684\u62c9\u6c0f\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6742\u5fd7\u5982\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u300b\u7b49\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ffb\u8bd1\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u65b0\u4f5c\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u65ad\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u8d39\u8fb9\u793e\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9886\u8896\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u4e00\u751f\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63c9\u5408\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e24\u5927\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7a7a\u767d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf919\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u672c\u80fd\u7684\u758f\u79bb\u3002\u54c8\u8036\u514b\u6279\u8bc4\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u540d\u8457\u300a\u901a\u5f80\u5974\u5f79\u4e4b\u8def\u300b\u867d\u7136\u521d\u7248\u4e8e1945\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u8d77\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u662f\u9605\u8bfb\u751a\u5e7f\u7684\u6f58\u5149\u65e6\uff0c\u57281946\u5e749\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u96c6\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u8def\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u8865\u6ce8\u4e2d\u4ed6\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u54c8\u8036\u514b\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u54c8\u6c0f\u6279\u8bc4\u5fb7\u4fc4\u7684\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8868\u793a\u8d5e\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u54c8\u6c0f\u5c06\u81ea\u7531\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e24\u7acb\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e00\u5207\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u6f58\u5149\u65e6\u6279\u8bc4\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u5931\u4e4b\u504f\u6fc0\u201d\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\u201c\u4e0d\u8d5e\u6210\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5404\u6709\u5176\u5f0a\u75c5\u3002[\u6ce846]\u6f58\u5149\u65e6\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u5c3d\u7ba1\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\u9887\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u5f53\u65f6\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e5f\u8bfb\u5230\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0e\u6f58\u5149\u65e6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5dee\u8ddd\u592a\u8fdc\u3002\u6574\u4e2a20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b3c\u7f69\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u50cf\u54c8\u8036\u514b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u8f6c\u6362\u5230\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c89\u91cd\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u54c8\u8036\u514b\u624d\u4f1a\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u754c\u5f15\u8d77\u666e\u904d\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u60c5\u5f62\u5728\u53f0\u6e7e\u662f\u4e940\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5927\u9646\u5219\u8981\u5230\u4e5d0\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u201c\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u51b3\u4e0d\u662f\u6d1b\u514b\u3001\u4e9a\u5f53\u3002\u65af\u5bc6\u548c\u54c8\u8036\u514b\u5f0f\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fb9\u6c81\u3001\u5bc6\u5c14\u3001\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u3001\u7f57\u7d20\u548c\u675c\u5a01\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u90a3\u6837\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u8fdc\u79bb\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4e8e\u8fdc\u975e\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u7684\u5316\u7ea6\u8bf4\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u9053\u5c3d\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5185\u6db5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u758f\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee5\u80e1\u9002\u3001\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u201c\u4e8c\u5f20\u201d\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u5c42\u9762\u6709\u7740\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u9884\u8bbe\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9053\u8def\u9009\u62e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u660e\u663e\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5219\u529b\u56fe\u8d85\u8d8a\u82f1\u7f8e\u548c\u82cf\u4fc4\uff0c\u8d70\u4e0d\u504f\u4e0d\u501a\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\u201d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5148\u770b\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u80e1\u9002\u5728\u4e8c\u3001\u4e090\u5e74\u4ee3\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u82f1\u7f8e\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u66fe\u7ecf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6781\u5927\u7684\u597d\u611f\u548c\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5c06\u201c\u82cf\u4fc4\u9053\u8def\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u82f1\u7f8e\u9053\u8def\u201d\u89c6\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u82cf\u4fc4\u8d70\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8def\u201d\u3002[\u6ce847]\u4f46\u5230\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u80e1\u9002\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u68a6\u9192\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u80e1\u9002\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ea4\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u5e7b\u60f3\u7684\u7834\u706d\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u91ce\u5fc3\uff08[\u6ce848]\u4f46\u80e1\u9002\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6e0a\u6e90\u3002\u80e1\u9002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5230\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0e\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u52bf\u4e0d\u4e24\u7acb\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u675c\u5a01\u6709\u70b9\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u675c\u5a01\u57281939\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u5305\u62ec\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u82cf\u4fc4\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002[\u6ce849]\u80e1\u9002\u65f6\u4efb\u9a7b\u7f8e\u5927\u4f7f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5176\u5e08\u8457\u4f5c\u5e76\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u30021941\u5e74\u80e1\u9002\u5728\u5bc6\u897f\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u6f14\u8bf4\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6025\u8fdb\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e0e\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u6539\u9769\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c[\u6ce850]\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8c\u5143\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u80e1\u9002\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8def\u3002\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u80e1\u9002\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u518d\u63d0\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4e0e\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u6cbe\u4e0a\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5bf9\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u65b0\u653f\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f9d\u7136\u60c5\u6709\u72ec\u949f\uff0c\u6539\u800c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u201d\u3002\u5176\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u8981\u987e\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u5e9f\u9664\u79c1\u8d22\u4ea7\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5b9e\u884c\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u8282\u5236\u8d44\u672c\u3001\u5f81\u6536\u7d2f\u8fdb\u7a0e\u3001\u4fdd\u969c\u52b3\u5de5\u6743\u76ca\u3001\u4f9b\u7ed9\u5168\u56fd\u7528\u5ea6\u3001\u7f29\u77ed\u8d2b\u4e4f\u5dee\u8ddd\u7b49\u7b49\u3002[\u6ce851]\u4ed6\u70ed\u60c5\u5730\u8d5e\u626c\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u4e0d\u6d41\u4e00\u6ef4\u8840\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u53ea\u9760\u4e00\u5f20\u65e0\u8bb0\u540d\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u628a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u53d8\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u201d\u3002[\u6ce852]\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u5f0f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u597d\u611f\uff0c\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u66f4\u70ed\u70c8\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5de5\u515a\u5927\u9009\u83b7\u80dc\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u4f5c\u6587\u4e88\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\uff1a[\u6ce853]\u6211\u5e73\u751f\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\uff0c\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u5e76\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u56fd\u571f\uff0c\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u65e0\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u6211\u4f4f\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u800c\u65e0\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u4f4f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u53ca\u5176\u5e0c\u671b\u82f1\u7f8e\u80fd\u4f5c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u699c\u6837\uff0c\u5373\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u624d\u5bf9\u6b64\u5927\u9009\u53d1\u751f\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4ece\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u8fd9\u6bb5\u540d\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5185\u5fc3\u6240\u5e0c\u671b\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u201c\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u65e0\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u7684\u82cf\u4fc4\u65ad\u7136\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u800c\u65e0\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u768419\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u7f8e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f4f\u4e0d\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u671f\u671b\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u878d\u5408\u201d\u7684\u201c\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u201d\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u6240\u5f00\u521b\u3001\u800c\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u6240\u53d1\u626c\u768420\u4e16\u7eaa\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u201c\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u201d\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\u4e5f\u8fd8\u5728\u5efa\u6784\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u5fc5\u987b\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u5efa\u6784\u201c\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u201d\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5f53\u80e1\u9002\u3001\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u7b49\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5bf9\u82f1\u7f8e\u9053\u8def\u6709\u6240\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u3001\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u3001\u7f57\u9686\u57fa\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5374\u660e\u786e\u5730\u4eae\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\u201d\u6216\u201c\u4e2d\u95f4\u8def\u7ebf\u201d\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u3002\u4e8c\u6b21\u5927\u6218\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u51b7\u6218\u683c\u5c40\u9020\u6210\u7684\u82f1\u7f8e\u548c\u82cf\u4fc4\u4e24\u4e2a\u9635\u8425\u7684\u5bf9\u5cd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u5341\u5206\u660e\u663e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u201c\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u201d\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\u548c\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u58c1\u5792\u4e2d\u91c7\u53d6\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u59ff\u6001\uff0c\u65e2\u975e\u4e00\u5473\u5730\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82cf\u4fc4\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5404\u53d6\u6240\u9700\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u82f1\u7f8e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u52a0\u4e0a\u201c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\u201d\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5927\u5baa\u7ae0\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u540c\u76df\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u548c\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u603b\u7eb2\u3002[\u6ce854]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e13\u95e8\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u6027\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8def\u7ebf\u300b\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a[\u6ce855]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4e8e\u5185\u653f\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u2014\u2014\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0a\u591a\u91c7\u53d6\u82f1\u7f8e\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0a\u591a\u91c7\u53d6\u82cf\u8054\u5f0f\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\u201d\u5728\u5b66\u7406\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u7acb\uff1f\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u4ee5\u8c03\u548c\uff1f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u57281948\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u7406\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e86\u8bba\u8bc1\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u540c\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u672c\u5728\u4e8e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u3001\u516c\u610f\u3001\u516c\u7406\u3001\u4eba\u6743\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e00\u7fa4\u4e92\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u5957\u548c\u7684\u201c\u6982\u5ff5\u7fa4\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6240\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u65b9\u5411\u3002[\u6ce856]\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u542b\u6df7\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5171\u548c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7a76\u7adf\u4f55\u6307\uff1f\u5728\u300a\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u8bf4\u660e\u9053\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4ece\u5362\u68ad\u5230\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8def\u6b27\u9646\u5f0f\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u5362\u68ad\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u3002\u2014\u2014\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e0e\u5362\u68ad\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5206\u5bb6\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u5f0a\u75c5\u90fd\u7531\u4e8e\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u5206\u5f00\u5373\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u65e0\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u65e0\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u542b\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u5185\u201d\u3002[\u6ce857]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u770b\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4ef7\u503c\u90fd\u662f\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u60f3\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u67cf\u6797\u5728\u8c08\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a[\u6ce858]\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u4eec\u8d56\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8c03\u548c\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u64ae\u5408\u7684\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8ba1\u753b\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53c8\u5b8c\u5168\u5730\u968f\u5fc3\u6240\u6b32\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u64ae\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u2014\u2014\u5012\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b8c\u5584\u4e0e\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u2014\u2014\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ef7\u503c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5f88\u75db\u82e6\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u51fa\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u56f0\u5883\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u67cf\u6797\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u8bf8\u7f8e\u597d\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8c03\u548c\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53ef\u517c\u5f97\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5b66\u7406\u8fd8\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u53e4\u5178\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u90a3\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\u7edd\u5bf9\u65e0\u6cd5\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u7531\u4f18\u5148\u6027\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u5c06\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5f31\u8005\u6709\u5229\u7684\u516c\u6b63\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002[\u6ce859]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u8bbe\u60f3\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7167\u987e\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u793e\u4f1a\u5374\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u6d77\u5e02\u8703\u697c\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u3001\u8427\u4e7e\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8981\u8d85\u8d8a\u82f1\u7f8e\u3001\u82cf\u4fc4\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u6240\u771f\u6b63\u8981\u5e08\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u4e5f\u5c06\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u80dc\u5229\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e0d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002[\u6ce860]\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0e\u80e1\u9002\u3001\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u7b49\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u65e0\u4e8c\u81f4\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5374\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e76\u975e\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u4e8c\u6b21\u5927\u6218\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e09\u79cd\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6df1\u53d7\u6b27\u9646\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u578b\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u70ed\u70c8\u9f13\u5439\u8005\uff0c\u4ece\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6982\u5ff5\u540c\u6784\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e8e\u8d44\u4ea7\u4e0a\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e43\u53ea\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u8131\u5e45\uff0c\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u53cd\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u6b63\u5b97\u201d\uff0c[\u6ce861]\u56e0\u800c\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u5f0f\u7684\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u6000\u6709\u7591\u8651\uff0c\u6700\u6b23\u8d4f\u7684\u5012\u662f\u6218\u540e\u6377\u514b\u3001\u6ce2\u5170\u3001\u5357\u65af\u62c9\u592b\u7b49\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u4e00\u5ea6\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u591a\u515a\u5e76\u5b58\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u4fdd\u7559\u79c1\u4ea7\u3001\u5e9f\u9664\u5265\u524a\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u578b\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u3002[\u6ce862]\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u82cf\u8054\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4e1c\u6b27\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u90a3\u79cd\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u897f\u6b27\u578b\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u897f\u6b27\u578b\u4e0e\u4e1c\u6b27\u578b\u5dee\u522b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u770b\u5f85\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u5927\u81f4\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u5230\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u62b1\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u80e1\u9002\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u4e0d\u70b9\u540d\u5730\u6279\u8bc4\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u70ed\u70c8\u79f0\u8d5e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u6839\u672c\u5426\u8ba4\u82cf\u8054\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c16\u9510\u5730\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u8bf4\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u4e2d\u53e4\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u653f\u6743\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u201d\u3002[\u6ce863]\u5434\u666f\u8d85\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u6bd4\u8f83\u7f8e\u82cf\u4e24\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6743\u529b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u8981\u5927\u5927\u8d85\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002[\u6ce864]\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u6bd4\u4e8c\u3001\u4e090\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u5185\u5e55\u6709\u6240\u542c\u95fb\uff0c\u4e00\u53a2\u60c5\u613f\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5927\u4e3a\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fde\u4e3b\u5f20\u201c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u9053\u8def\u201d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u591a\u6709\u8b66\u60d5\u3002\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u52301948\u5e74\u6536\u56de\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u53ea\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u65e0\u5931\u4e1a\u4e4b\u865e\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u65e0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u3002[\u6ce865]\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u82cf\u4fc4\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u591a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6c11\u4e3b\u800c\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e00\u5f20\u7968\u4e0e\u4e00\u7897\u996d\u662f\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002[\u6ce866]\u6a0a\u9645\u660c\u3001\u6731\u5149\u6f5c\u7b49\u4e00\u6279\u5317\u5e73\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u8457\u540d\u6559\u6388\u5728\u8054\u5408\u7f72\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u51fa\u8def\u300b\u5ba3\u8a00\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\uff1a[\u6ce867]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u594b\u6597\u4e89\u5f97\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5e94\u5f53\u4ee5\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e89\u53d6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u51b3\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u800c\u727a\u7272\u653f\u6cbb\u6c11\u4e3b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u7b49\u4fbf\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5982\u679c\u653f\u6cbb\u662f\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u72ec\u88c1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u80fd\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8d50\u4e88\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u56de\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d50\u4e88\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7ee7\u7eed\u62b1\u6709\u671f\u671b\u548c\u5e7b\u60f3\u7684\u3002\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u4ed6\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u8d5e\u540c\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f0f\u7684\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u575a\u4fe1\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u653e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u660e\u7684\u524d\u9014\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5929\u771f\u5730\u4e3a\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u4e00\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u4e43\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bc4\u8bba\u5176\u662f\u5426\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u90a3\u4fbf\u662f\u628a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u53d8\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0e\u5426\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u3002\u201d[\u6ce868]\u5317\u5e73\u548c\u5e73\u89e3\u653e\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u5f53\u4f17\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u62c5\u5fc3\u4ee5\u540e\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u5b66\u751f\u601d\u60f3\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u5374\u4ee5\u5176\u610f\u5fd7\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u4e50\u89c2\u5730\u8868\u793a\uff1a[\u6ce869]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u8001\u5b9e\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u524d\u9014\u4e0d\u662f\u60b2\u89c2\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u59cb\u7ec8\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e00\u7ecf\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u4fbf\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u9000\u56de\u5230\u8499\u853d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u8fd9\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u5c45\u7136\u5df2\u517b\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u98ce\u6c14\uff0c\u8c01\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u538b\u5012\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8fd8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u5b83\u53d1\u626c\u5149\u5927\uff0c\u603b\u8981\u6bd4\u73b0\u5728\u66f4\u81ea\u7531\u4e9b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u98ce\u6c14\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u5168\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u9762\u867d\u613f\u610f\u5728\u8ba1\u5212\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u4e4e\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u65b9\u9762\u5374\u4f9d\u7136\u55dc\u81ea\u7531\u4e0d\u557b\u751f\u547d\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u51e0\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5fcf\u6094\u5f53\u521d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u5e7c\u7a1a\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u5b9e\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u52bf\u5fc5\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u4e5f\u8981\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u6765\u7edf\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u54c8\u8036\u514b\u5f53\u5e74\u5df2\u7ecf\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u5230\u300a\u901a\u5411\u5974\u5f79\u4e4b\u8def\u300b\u7684\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bfb\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e66\u7684\u6f58\u5149\u65e6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u4e8c\u5f20\u201d\uff0c\u5230\u56db0\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82f1\u7f8e\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5e08\u6cd5\u82cf\u4fc4\u201d\u6765\u6982\u62ec\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e8c\u5f20\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u7684\u897f\u6b27\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u65b0\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u4e1c\u6b27\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\u548c\u82cf\u4fc4\u3001\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u592a\u591a\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u5149\u8c31\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u90a3\u4e8c\u5143\u6027\u7684\u5316\u7ea6\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e38\u5e38\u5931\u53bb\u5176\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u9053\u6709\u673a\u5730\u878d\u5408\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u5efa\u6784\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u3001\u5408\u7406\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u529b\u5728\u5b66\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u66f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c42\u9762\u843d\u5b9e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0a\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e5f\u8d21\u732e\u65e0\u591a\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u56de\u8fc7\u5934\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u68c0\u8ba8\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u656c\u4f69\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u53e4\u5178\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u654f\u9510\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u5bf9\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u516c\u9053\u201d\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u610f\u8bc6\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u7591\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u7ad9\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6c34\u5e73\u7ebf\u4e0a\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bb7\u6d77\u5149\u7b49\u4e940\u5e74\u4ee3\u53f0\u6e7e\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u624d\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u601d\u7d22\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6b63\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8d1f\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5230\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u53cd\u590d\u5730\u56bc\u5480\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u516c\u9053\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c1a\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u547d\u9898\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

1999\u5e748\u6708\u521d\u7a3f\u4e8e\u9999\u6e2f<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

2001\u5e745\u6708\u4fee\u6539\u4e8e\u4e0a\u6d77<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u672c\u6587\u7b2c1\u30015\u8282\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u8bfb\u4e66\u300b\u6742\u5fd72000\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c2\uff0d4\u8282\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300a\u5f00\u653e\u65f6\u4ee3\u300b2000\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce81]\u5173\u4e8e20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u4ee3\u9645\u5206\u754c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u5212\u5206\u4e3a6\u4ee3\u4eba\uff1a\u665a\u6e05\u4e00\u4ee3\u3001\u4e94\u56db\u4e00\u4ee3\u3001\u4e94\u56db\u4e00\u4ee3\u3001\u201c\u5341\u4e03\u5e74\u201d\uff081949-1966\uff09\u4e00\u4ee3\u3001\u6587\u9769\u4e00\u4ee3\u548c\u540e\u6587\u9769\u4e00\u4ee3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e94\u56db\u4e00\u4ee3\u6307\u7684\u662f1880-1895\u5e74\u95f4\u51fa\u751f\u3001\u9886\u5bfc\u4e94\u56db\u7684\u90a3\u4ee3\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u9648\u72ec\u79c0\u3001\u80e1\u9002\u3001\u9c81\u8fc5\u3001\u5468\u4f5c\u4eba\u7b49\u3002\u540e\u4e94\u56db\u4e00\u4ee3\u6307\u7684\u662f1895-1930\u5e74\u95f4\u51fa\u751f\u3001\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fc7\u4e94\u56db\u3001\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u4e94\u56db\u65b0\u6587\u5316\u6d17\u793c\u7684\u4e00\u4ee3\uff0c\u5982\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u3001\u7f57\u9686\u57fa\u7b49\u3002\u7a0d\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u6709\u50a8\u5b89\u5e73\u3001\u8d39\u5b5d\u901a\u7b49\u3002\u8be6\u89c1\u62d9\u4f5c\uff1a\u300a\u8bb8\u7eaa\u9716\u81ea\u9009\u96c6\u300b\u81ea\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e7f\u897f\u5e08\u5927\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1999\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce82]KarlPolanyi\uff1a\u300a\u5de8\u53d8\uff1a\u5f53\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\uff0c\u9ec4\u6811\u6c11\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u8fdc\u6d41\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1999\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c59-60\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce83]GeorgeSabine\uff1a\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8bf4\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u4e0b\u518c\uff0c\u5218\u5c71\u7b49\u8bd1\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1986\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c773\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce84]\u80e1\u9002\uff1a\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u897f\u6d0b\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b\uff0c2\u96c6\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u8fdc\u6d41\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1988\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce85]\u80e1\u9002\uff1a\u300a\u6b27\u6e38\u9053\u4e2d\u5bc4\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u96c611.<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce86]\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u7acb\u56fd\u4e4b\u9053\u300b\uff0c\u6842\u6797\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1938\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c228\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce87]\u6768\u4eba\u4fbf\uff1a\u300a\u518d\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c5\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c8\u671f\uff0c<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce88]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u4e4b\u610f\u4e49\u53ca\u5fb7\u56fd\u7164\u77ff\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u6cd5\u8349\u6848\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6539\u9020\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c3\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c11\u53f7\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce89]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u5fb7\u56fd\u65b0\u5171\u548c\u5baa\u6cd5\u8bc4\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u89e3\u653e\u4e0e\u6539\u9020\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c2\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c11\u53f7\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce810]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7533\u8bf4\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6539\u9020\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c3\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c6\u53f7\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce811]\u8bb0\u8005\uff1a\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u518d\u751f\u300b\uff0c\u521b\u520a\u53f7\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce812]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c4\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c1\u671f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce813]\u5085\u65af\u5e74\uff1a\u300a\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u4e0e\u65b0\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u91cd\u5e86\u300a\u5927\u516c\u62a5\u300b\uff0c1945\u5e744\u670829\u65e5\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce814]\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u7acb\u56fd\u4e4b\u9053\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c176\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce815]\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u7acb\u56fd\u4e4b\u9053\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c177\u3001185\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce816]\u80e1\u9002\uff1a\u300a\u7559\u5b66\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u96c635\uff0c\u7b2c146\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce817]\u540c[\u6ce811].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce818]\u540c[\u6ce812]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce819]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u89c2\u5bdf\u793e\uff0c1948\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c47\u300151\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce820]\u8427\u4e7e\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u300a\u5927\u516c\u62a5\u300b\uff0c1948\u5e741\u67088\u65e5\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce821]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\uff0c\u8fbd\u5b81\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c19998\u5e74\u91cd\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c101\u9875\uff1b\u300a\u7406\u6027\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b\uff0c\u91cd\u5e86\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1946\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c109\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce822]\u540c[\u6ce86].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce823]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u4f5b\u6cc9\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u4eba\u6743\u300b\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u4e9a\u6d32\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1955\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce824]\u53c2\u89c1\u80e1\u9002\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u91cc\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f20\u7edf\u300b\uff0c\u80e1\u9882\u5e73\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4e4b\u5148\u751f\u5e74\u8c31\u957f\u7f16\u521d\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c2044\u30012078\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce825]\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5b66\u7406\u4e0a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u81ea\u7531\u4f5c\u660e\u786e\u533a\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u5f20\u4f5b\u6cc9\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u4eba\u6743\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u4f5c\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5206\u68b3\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e940\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u53c2\u89c1[\u6ce823].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce826]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u7406\u6027\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c131-135\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce827]\u90d1\u8d35\u548c\u5bf9\u80e1\u9002\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u89c2\u5ff5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u4efd\u5341\u5206\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6d88\u6781\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u79ef\u6781\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u8be6\u89c1\u90d1\u8d35\u548c\uff1b\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u601d\u60f3\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c1991\u5e74\uff0c\u672a\u520a\u672c\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce828]\u8f6c\u5f15\u81ea\u77f3\u5143\u5eb7\uff1a\u300a\u6d1b\u5c14\u65af\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u4e1c\u5927\u56fe\u4e66\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1989\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c57\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce829]\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u300a\u8d56\u6c0f\u5b66\u8bf4\u6982\u8981\u300b\uff0c\u62c9\u65af\u57fa\u8457\u3001\u5f20\u58eb\u6797\uff08\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\u7b14\u540d\uff09\uff09\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u5178\u8303\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1930\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce830]\u8f6c\u5f15\u81eaGeogeSabine\uff1a\u300a\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8bf4\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u4e0b\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c799\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce831]\u540c[\u6ce829].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce832]\u53c2\u89c1\u90d1\u8d35\u548c\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u540c[\u6ce827].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce833]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u5a01\u5c14\u65af\u6c0f\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u53ca\u5176\u8fd1\u4f5c\u4eba\u6743\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6c11\u5baa\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c1\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c10\u671f\uff1b\u300a\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u6743\u534f\u4f1a\u4e4b\u4eba\u6743\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6c11\u5baa\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c1\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c12\u671f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce834]\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u4e16\u754c\u653f\u6f6e\u6fc0\u8361\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u300b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5386\u53f2\u6863\u6848\u9986\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u6863\u6848\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c95\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce835]\u540c[\u6ce813].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce836]\u53c2\u89c1AndrewVincent\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u300b\uff0c\u7f57\u614e\u5e73\u8bd1\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u65e0\u5357\u56fe\u4e66\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1999\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c62\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce837]\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u56fd\u5baa\u8bae\u300b\uff0c\u65f6\u4e8b\u65b0\u62a5\u793e\uff0c1922\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c109\u3001116\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce838]\u5f20\u541b\u52a2\uff1a\u300a\u56fd\u5baa\u8bae\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c109\u3001117\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce839]\u540c[\u6ce811].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce840]\u53c2\u89c1\u5434\u627f\u660e\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u56fd\u5185\u5e02\u573a\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1985\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c129\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce841]\u53c2\u89c1\u8521\u56fd\u88d5\uff1a\u300a\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e8c0\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bba\u6218\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1988\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce842]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u73b0\u5728\u4e0e\u5c06\u6765\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6539\u9020\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c3\u5377\u7b2c4\u53f7\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce843]\u540c[\u6ce811].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce844]\u540c[\u6ce820].<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce845]\u540c[\u6ce829]<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce846]\u6f58\u5149\u65e6\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u8def\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u6f58\u5149\u65e6\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c5\u5377\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1997\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c300\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce847]\u80e1\u660e\uff1a\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4f20\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u4eba\u6c11\u6587\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1996\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c660\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce848]\u53c2\u89c1\u80e1\u9002\u7ed9\u5468\u9ca0\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\uff0c\u80e1\u9882\u5e73\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4e4b\u5148\u751f\u5e74\u8c31\u957f\u7f16\u521d\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c2016\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce849]\u53c2\u89c1\u675c\u5a01\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u300b\uff0c\u5434\u4fca\u5347\u8bd1\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u6b63\u4e2d\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c1953\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce850]\u53c2\u89c1\u80e1\u9002\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c9\u9192\u4e86\u300b\uff0c\u80e1\u9882\u5e73\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4e4b\u5148\u751f\u5e74\u8c31\u957f\u7f16\u521d\u7a3f\u300b\u7b2c5\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c1730-1739\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce851]\u53c2\u89c1\u80e1\u9002\uff1a\u300a\u773c\u524d\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u5411\u300b\uff0c\u80e1\u9882\u5e73\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4e4b\u5148\u751f\u5e74\u8c31\u957f\u7f16\u521d\u7a3f\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c1985\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce852]\u80e1\u9002\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u300b\uff0c\u80e1\u9882\u5e73\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u80e1\u9002\u4e4b\u5148\u751f\u5e74\u8c31\u957f\u7f16\u521d\u7a3f\u300b\u7b2c6\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c2046\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce853]\u5085\u65af\u5e74\uff1a\u300a\u8bc4\u82f1\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c5\u518c\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u8054\u7ecf\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u7b2c403\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce854]\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u540c\u76df\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u6587\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1983\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c77\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce855]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u6027\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8def\u7ebf\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c97\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce856]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u89c2\u5bdf\u793e\uff0c1948\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c1\u30015\u300126\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce857]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c219\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce858]IsaianBerlin\uff1a\u300a\u4ee5\u6492\u3002\u67cf\u6797\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5f55\u300b\uff0c\u6768\u5b5d\u660e\u8bd1\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u6b63\u4e2d\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c1994\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c183-184\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce859]\u53c2\u89c1\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\uff1a\u300a\u6b63\u4e49\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u4f55\u6000\u5b8f\u8bd1\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1988\u5e74\u7248\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce860]\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c95\u3001195\u3001230\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce861]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c72\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce862]\u53c2\u89c1\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u8def\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u518d\u7b54\u6a0a\u5f18\u5148\u751f\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c3\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c23\u671f\uff1b\u300a\u589e\u4ea7\u4e0e\u9769\u547d\u2014\u5199\u4e86[\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49]\u4e4b\u540e\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u5efa\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c3\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c4\u671f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce863]\u5085\u65af\u5e74\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5e73\u7b49\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u5168\u96c6\u300b\u7b2c5\u518c\uff0c\u7b2c1965\u30011969\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce864]\u5434\u666f\u8d85\uff1a\u300a\u4ece\u56db\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u8bba\u7f8e\u82cf\u4e24\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e73\u7b49\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c5\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c13\u671f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce865]\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c203\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce866]\u53c2\u89c1\u6768\u4eba\u4fbf\uff1a\u300a\u518d\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u89c2\u5bdf\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c5\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c8\u671f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce867]\u6a0a\u9645\u660c\u7b49\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u51fa\u8def\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5468\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c2\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c10\u671f\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce868]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c51\u9875\u3002<\/FONT><\/P>\r\n

[\u6ce869]\u5f20\u4e1c\u836a\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c54\u9875<\/FONT><\/P>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u8981\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793c\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u5112\u5bb6\u7684\u793c\u6cbb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b26 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-thought","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9357"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9357\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}