{"id":97543,"date":"2022-09-08T15:49:32","date_gmt":"2022-09-08T19:49:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=97543"},"modified":"2022-09-08T16:52:59","modified_gmt":"2022-09-08T20:52:59","slug":"%e8%8a%af%e7%89%87%e6%b3%95%e5%90%8e%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e4%ba%9f%e9%9c%80%e8%88%b9%e8%88%b6%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%9f%e6%b5%b7%e4%ba%8b%e4%b8%93%e5%ae%b6%e5%90%81%e8%a1%a5%e8%b4%b4%e9%80%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minzhuzhongguo.org\/?p=97543","title":{"rendered":"\u82af\u7247\u6cd5\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e9f\u9700\u201c\u8239\u8236\u6cd5\u201d\uff1f\u6d77\u4e8b\u4e13\u5bb6\u5401\u8865\u8d34\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u4ee5\u5907\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f00\u6218"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"date-time-area \">\n<div class=\"container\"><span class=\"date-time\">\u4e2d\u56fd\u65f6\u95f4 4:45 2022\u5e749\u67089\u65e5 \u661f\u671f\u4e94<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"content\">\n<div class=\"container\">\n<div class=\"hdr-container\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div 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decoding=\"async\" class=\" enhanced\" src=\"https:\/\/gdb.voanews.com\/019e0000-0aff-0242-bacc-08da7f4a6ea4_w1023_r1_s.jpg\" alt=\"\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u97e9\u56fd\u519b\u82302022\u5e748\u670812\u65e5\u53c2\u4e0e\u5bfc\u5f39\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f14\u4e60\u3002\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u7167\u7247\uff09\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\" data-cms-inline-wrap=\"caption\" data-cms-inline-text=\"\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u97e9\u56fd\u519b\u82302022\u5e748\u670812\u65e5\u53c2\u4e0e\u5bfc\u5f39\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f14\u4e60\u3002\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u7167\u7247\uff09<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2 pull-left article-share pos-rel\">\n<div class=\"share--box\">\n<aside class=\"share flex-column js-share--apply-sticky js-share--expandable js-share--horizontal\" data-extended=\"true\"><span class=\"label label--share\">\u5206\u4eab<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"share__list\">\n<li class=\"share__item\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"share__item\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"share__item\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"share__item\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"share__item\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"share__item\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"share__item\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"share__item\">\n<div class=\"ctc\"><input class=\"ctc__input\" readonly=\"readonly\" type=\"text\" \/><button class=\"btn btn--rounded btn--ctc ctc__button\" title=\"\u590d\u5236\u94fe\u63a5\" role=\"\u590d\u5236\u94fe\u63a5\" value=\"text\"><\/button><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/aside>\n<div class=\"links\">\n<p class=\"buttons link-comments p-0\"><a class=\"btn btn--link p-t-0\" href=\"https:\/\/www.voachinese.com\/a\/following-chips-act-ships-act-should-be-next\/6735617.html#comments\"><span class=\"btn__text\">\u8bc4\u8bba<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"link-print visible-md visible-lg buttons p-0\"><button class=\"btn btn--link btn-print p-t-0\" title=\"\u6253\u5370\">\u00a0<span class=\"btn__text\">\u6253\u5370<\/span><\/button><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"body-container\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-10 col-lg-10 pull-right\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-8 col-lg-8 pull-left bottom-offset content-offset\">\n<div id=\"article-content\" class=\"content-floated-wrap fb-quotable\">\n<div class=\"wsw\"><span class=\"dateline\">\u534e\u76db\u987f \u2014 <\/span>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u201c\u82af\u7247\u6cd5\u6848\u201d\u5728\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u9886\u57df\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u65bd\u884c\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u653f\u7b56\uff08industrial policy\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u4e8b\u4e13\u5bb6\u547c\u5401\uff0c\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u4e9f\u9700\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u201c\u8239\u8236\u6cd5\u6848\u201d\uff08Ships Act\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8865\u8d34\u548c\u632f\u5174\u672c\u571f\u9020\u8239\u548c\u4fee\u8239\u5de5\u4e1a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7f8e\u4e2d\u7206\u53d1\u65f7\u65e5\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7f8e\u56fd\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u8584\u5f31\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u652f\u6491\u7f8e\u519b\u5728\u897f\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u7684\u6218\u6597\u529b\u3002<br \/>\n\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u62dc\u767b8\u67089\u65e5\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u300a2022\u5e74\u82af\u7247\u548c\u79d1\u6280\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff08Chips and Science Act 2022\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5411\u5148\u8fdb\u5236\u7a0b\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u9886\u57df\u3001\u6210\u719f\u5de5\u827a\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5236\u9020\u9886\u57df\u548c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7814\u53d1\u9886\u57df\u6295\u8d44280\u4ebf\u3001100\u4ebf\u548c110\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u5546\u52a1\u90e8\u957f\u96f7\u8499\u591a\uff08Gina Raimondo\uff099\u67086\u65e5\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u6cd5\u6848\u83b7\u5f97\u8865\u8d34\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6253\u9020\u5c16\u7aef\u6216\u5148\u8fdb\u79d1\u6280\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u7981\u4ee4\u6709\u6548\u671f10\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u667a\u5e93\u897f\u683c\u6469\u7814\u7a76\u6240(Sagamore Institute)\u8d44\u6df1\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3001\u9000\u5f79\u6d77\u519b\u4e0a\u6821\u6770\u91cc\u2027\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\uff08Jerry Hendrix\uff098\u670829\u65e5\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b<a class=\"wsw__a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalreview.com\/2022\/08\/follow-up-the-chips-act-with-the-ships-act\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u53d1\u6587<\/a>\u79f0\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7f8e\u56fd\u5236\u9020\u7684\u82af\u7247\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b49\u6d77\u5916\u5236\u9020\u7684\u6210\u672c\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ecd\u5c06\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u82af\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wsw__embed wsw__embed--small\">\n<figure class=\"media-image js-media-expand js-media-expand--ready\">\n<div class=\"img-wrap\">\n<div class=\"thumb\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gdb.voanews.com\/09d40000-0a00-0242-dcb9-08da91208d86_w250_r0_s.jpg\" alt=\"\u7f8e\u56fd\u667a\u5e93\u897f\u683c\u6469\u7814\u7a76\u6240(Sagamore Institute)\u8d44\u6df1\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3001\u9000\u5f79\u6d77\u519b\u4e0a\u6821\u6770\u91cc\u2027\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\uff08Jerry Hendrix\uff09(\u7167\u7247\u6765\u6e90:\u667a\u5e93\u7f51\u7ad9)\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u667a\u5e93\u897f\u683c\u6469\u7814\u7a76\u6240(Sagamore Institute)\u8d44\u6df1\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3001\u9000\u5f79\u6d77\u519b\u4e0a\u6821\u6770\u91cc\u2027\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\uff08Jerry Hendrix\uff09(\u7167\u7247\u6765\u6e90:\u667a\u5e93\u7f51\u7ad9)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u51fa\u4e8e\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6218\u7565\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5e94\u8be5\u7b7e\u7f72\u201c\u8239\u8236\u6cd5\u6848\u201d, \u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5730\u5c06\u9020\u8239\u548c\u4fee\u8239\u80fd\u529b\u672c\u571f\u5316\uff08onshore\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u56fd\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u8239\u53ea\u6765\u5f80\u7f8e\u56fd\u6e2f\u53e3\u8fd0\u9001\u8d27\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u56fd\u5236\u9020\u5546\u6765\u751f\u4ea7\u6d77\u519b\u548c\u5546\u8239\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80fd\u529b\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u6218\u65f6\u88ab\u627c\u6740\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u5371\u53ca\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6218\u7565\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u4f5c\u6218\u53f8\u4ee4\u9ea6\u514b\u00b7\u5409\u5c14\u6234\uff08Mike Gilday\uff09\u4e5f\u57288\u670825\u65e5\u4f20\u7edf\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0a\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6d77\u519b\u589e\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u8230\u8247\u7684\u6700\u5927\u969c\u788d\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7f8e\u56fd\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u65e0\u529b\u7ef4\u7cfb\u957f\u671f\u6218\u4e89<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\u5728\u4e0a\u6587\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u670950\u591a\u5bb6\u516c\u5171\u548c\u79c1\u4eba\u9020\u8239\u5382\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u9020\u6216\u4fee\u7406\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7500\u82f1\u5c3a\u7684\u8239\u53ea\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u4e16\u4e0a\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9020\u8239\u56fd\u4eca\u5929\u5374\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e0d\u523020\u4e2a\u9020\u8239\u5382\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6309\u603b\u5428\u4f4d\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e16\u754c\u524d\u4e09\u5927\u9020\u8239\u56fd\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u97e9\u56fd\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u670919\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u9020\u8239\u5382\uff0c\u4ee5\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\u7528\u548c\u6d77\u519b\u8230\u8247\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u5bb6\u9020\u8239\u5382\u89c4\u6a21\u4e4b\u5927\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u6240\u6709\u9020\u8239\u5382\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u54a8\u8be2\u516c\u53f8FerryBridge Group\u4e3b\u7ba1\u3001\u66fe\u4efb\u5df4\u5c14\u514b\u5229\u53f7\u9a71\u9010\u8230\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u7684\u9000\u5f79\u6d77\u519b\u519b\u5b98\u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u9ea6\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff08Bryan McGrath\uff09\u544a\u8bc9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\uff0c\u7f8e\u4e2d\u4e24\u56fd\u7684\u9020\u8239\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u6bd4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u7136\u5927\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u9020\u8239\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u6a21\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u5219\u5c0f\u5f97\u79bb\u8c31\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\u6700\u660e\u663e\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u51b2\u7a81\u5728\u8fd1\u671f\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684\u5c60\u6740\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5f25\u8865\u635f\u5931\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u5728\u4fee\u8239\u80fd\u529b\u65b9\u9762\u4eab\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u201d \u9ea6\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6218\u8230\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u64b0\u5199\u6d77\u519b\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u8bb0\u8005\u3001\u5a01\u5ec9\u739b\u4e3d\u5b66\u9662\u5168\u7403\u7814\u7a76\u6240AidData\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad\u603b\u76d1\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u4f0d\u5229\uff08Alexander Wooley\uff09\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u4ea7\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u519b\u8230\u548c\u6f5c\u8247\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\u6570\u91cf\u592a\u5c11\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u519b\u8230\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b63\u9010\u6b65\u5728\u8239\u8236\u6280\u672f\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\u7f29\u5c0f\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u524d\u526f\u52a9\u7406\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u957f\u79d1\u5c14\u6bd4(Elbridge Colby)\u548c\u524d\u767d\u5bab\u56fd\u5b89\u4f1a\u5e55\u50da\u957f\u683c\u96f7(Alexander Gray) 8\u670818\u65e5\u6295\u4e66\u300a\u534e\u5c14\u8857\u65e5\u62a5\u300b<a class=\"wsw__a\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/americas-industrial-base-isnt-ready-for-war-with-china-weapons-defense-funding-military-war-conflict-taiwan-supplier-11660833718?st=njmuhe5v07nzplv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6307\u51fa<\/a>\uff0c60\u5e74\u4ee3\u53e4\u5df4\u5bfc\u5f39\u5371\u673a\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd8\u62e5\u670928\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u5efa\u9020\u8fdc\u6d0b\u6d77\u519b\u6218\u8230\u7684\u9020\u8239\u5382\uff1b\u5230\u4e8690\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u8230\u961f\u7684\u4f5c\u6218\u533a\u57df\u5185\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b2\u4e2a\u6d77\u519b\u9020\u8239\u5382\u548c\u4e0d\u523020\u4e2a\u8239\u575e\uff0c\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6d77\u519b\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u7ef4\u4fee\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u652f\u53ea\u80fd\u8e22\u4e0a\u534a\u573a\u6bd4\u8d5b\u7684\u8db3\u7403\u961f\u3002\u201d\u6587\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u8bae\u957f\u4f69\u6d1b\u897f\u8bbf\u53f0\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u7d27\u5f20\u5c40\u52bf\uff0c\u7f8e\u4e2d\u6218\u4e89\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u672a\u676510\u5e74\u5185\u7206\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u4f0d\u5229\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u519b\u8230\u6570\u91cf\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u5176\u672c\u571f\u57fa\u5730\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u9646\u57fa\u7a7a\u519b\u548c\u706b\u7bad\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u706b\u7bad\u90e8\u961f\uff08Rocket Force\uff09\u7684\u660e\u786e\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u7784\u51c6\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u8230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u519b\u8230\u5b8c\u5168\u5728\u5176\u5bfc\u5f39\u7684\u5c04\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8230\u961f\u8239\u53ea\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6bcf\u8258\u8239\u96c6\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c04\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5bfc\u5f39\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u51fb\u6c89\u6982\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6218\u6597\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u53f0\u6e7e\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u8239\u53ea\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u679a\u5bfc\u5f39\u51fb\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u519b\u8230\u9020\u6210\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u5982\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5927\u578b\u5de1\u6d0b\u8230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u53f7\uff08Moskva\uff09\u88ab\u4e24\u679a\u76f8\u5f53\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u53cd\u8230\u5bfc\u5f39\u51fb\u4e2d\u540e\u6c89\u6ca1\u3002\u4e00\u4e24\u679a\u5bfc\u5f39\u51fb\u4e2d\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8feb\u4f7f\u519b\u8230\u9000\u5f79\u751a\u81f3\u6c89\u6ca1\u2026\u2026\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u62e5\u6709\u6d77\u4e0a\u6c11\u5175\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u5176\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6355\u9c7c\u8239\u961f\u65e0\u7591\u4f1a\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u4e0e\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"wsw__embed\">\n<figure class=\"media-image js-media-expand js-media-expand--ready\">\n<div class=\"img-wrap\">\n<div class=\"thumb\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" enhanced\" src=\"https:\/\/gdb.voanews.com\/00eb0000-0aff-0242-c36e-08da91381df7_w650_r0_s.png\" alt=\"2022\u5e744\u6708\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5927\u578b\u5de1\u6d0b\u8230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u53f7\uff08Moskva\uff09\u88ab\u4e24\u679a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u53cd\u8230\u5bfc\u5f39\u51fb\u4e2d\u540e\u6c89\u6ca1(Twitter\u56fe\u7247)\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">2022\u5e744\u6708\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5927\u578b\u5de1\u6d0b\u8230\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u53f7\uff08Moskva\uff09\u88ab\u4e24\u679a\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u53cd\u8230\u5bfc\u5f39\u51fb\u4e2d\u540e\u6c89\u6ca1(Twitter\u56fe\u7247)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u66fe\u8457\u6709\u300a\u5efa\u7acb\u5e76\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u652f\u6d77\u519b\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6d77\u519b\u81f3\u4e0a\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u9996\u8981\u6218\u7565\u300b\uff08To Provide and Maintain a Navy: Why Naval Primacy Is America&#8217;s First, Best Strategy\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u7684\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ee5\u8db3\u7403\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e00\u65e6\u53c2\u4e0e\u53f0\u6d77\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u6253\u7684\u662f\u5ba2\u573a\u6bd4\u8d5b\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u7a7f\u8d8a\u5e7f\u88a4\u7684\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\uff0c\u6253\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u6cb9\u8f6e\u3001\u8d27\u7269\u3001\u98df\u7269\u548c\u5f39\u836f\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u540e\u52e4\u5217\u8f66\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u524d\u7ebf\u7684\u8230\u961f\u3001\u5411\u53f0\u6e7e\u63d0\u4f9b\u63f4\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5c4a\u65f6\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u662f\u6838\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u653b\u51fb\u6f5c\u8247\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6c34\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u7a7f\u8d8a\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6d3e\u9063\u6218\u6597\u540e\u52e4\u8239\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8865\u5145\u5bfc\u5f39\u3001\u9c7c\u96f7\u548c\u98df\u7269\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u90a3\u79cd\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u771f\u6b63\u8fdb\u884c\u6218\u6597\u3002\u822a\u7a7a\u6bcd\u8230\u548c\u6c34\u9762\u8230\u8247\u7b49\u5c06\u5728\u6218\u5f79\u540e\u671f\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6f5c\u8247\u540e\u9762\u3002 \u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8230\u961f\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u5f62\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u201c\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u7ef4\u6301\u591a\u4e45\uff1f\u7f8e\u56fd\u771f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5927\u8230\u961f\u3002\u6211\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u547c\u5401\u7f8e\u56fd\u62e5\u6709456\u8258\u8230\u8247\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7ef4\u6301\u6d77\u519b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u652f\u8230\u961f\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u8db3\u4ee5\u8d62\u5f97\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u4e5f\u8db3\u591f\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u5e73\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5546\u8239\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f0d\u5229\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u4e5f\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u5176\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6c11\u7528\u5546\u8239\u5efa\u9020\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u751f\u4ea7\u4e86\u5168\u4e16\u754c90%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5546\u8239\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5546\u8239\u5efa\u9020\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u8865\u8d34\u6d77\u519b\u5efa\u9020\u519b\u8230\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u6bd4\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u9020\u8239\u57fa\u5730\u3002\u201d\u4f0d\u5229\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wsw__embed wsw__embed--small wsw__embed--pull-right\">\n<figure class=\"media-image js-media-expand js-media-expand--ready\">\n<div class=\"img-wrap\">\n<div class=\"thumb\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gdb.voanews.com\/00e90000-0aff-0242-826d-08da9120c68a_w250_r0_s.jpg\" alt=\"\u534e\u76db\u987f\u667a\u5e93\u54c8\u5fb7\u900a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u56fd\u9632\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u517c\u804c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u8fc8\u514b\u00b7\u7f57\u4f2f\u8328\uff08Michael Roberts\uff09(\u7167\u7247\u6765\u6e90:\u667a\u5e93\u7f51\u7ad9)\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">\u534e\u76db\u987f\u667a\u5e93\u54c8\u5fb7\u900a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u56fd\u9632\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u517c\u804c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u8fc8\u514b\u00b7\u7f57\u4f2f\u8328\uff08Michael Roberts\uff09(\u7167\u7247\u6765\u6e90:\u667a\u5e93\u7f51\u7ad9)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u534e\u76db\u987f\u667a\u5e93\u54c8\u5fb7\u900a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u56fd\u9632\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u517c\u804c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3001\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u4e8b\u516c\u53f8Crowley Maritime\u9ad8\u7ba1\u7684\u8fc8\u514b\u00b7\u7f57\u4f2f\u8328\uff08Michael Roberts\uff09\u544a\u8bc9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u5546\u4e1a\u9020\u8239\u548c\u7ef4\u4fee\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5927\u578b\u5546\u8239\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u660e\u663e\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u9020\u8239\u5382\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u9760\u2019\u743c\u65af\u6cd5\u6848\u2019\uff08Jones Act\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u8d38\u6613\u4e2d\u8fd0\u8425\u7684\u8239\u8236\u8ba2\u5355\u624d\u80fd\u751f\u5b58\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u578b\u5546\u8239\u8ba2\u5355\u53ef\u9ad8\u8fbe1529\u8258\uff0c\u4f4d\u5c45\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5360\u5168\u7403\u603b\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff1b\u867d\u7136\u6bcf\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u9020\u8239\u5382\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u6570\u767e\u8258\u5c0f\u578b\u8239\u8236\uff08\u62d6\u8239\u3001\u9a73\u8239\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u578b\u5546\u8239 (\u5927\u4e8e1000\u603b\u5428) \u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u4e0d\u5230\u5341\u8258\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53f0\u6d77\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u540e\u52e4\u8865\u7ed9\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7f8e\u56fd\u53ef\u5426\u518d\u73b0\u4e8c\u6218\u9020\u8239\u53f2\u8f89\u714c\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b9e\u884c\u7d27\u6025\u9020\u8239\u8ba1\u5212\uff08The Emergency Shipbuilding Program\uff09\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u8fd16000\u8258\u8239\uff0c\u5c06\u90e8\u961f\u548c\u7269\u8d44\u8fd0\u9001\u5230\u76df\u53cb\u548c\u5916\u56fd\u6218\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\uff08Jerry Hendrix\uff09\u5efa\u8bae\u9053\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9700\u8981\u6548\u4eff\u6218\u65f6\u9020\u8239\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5c06\u5e72\u8239\u575e\u4ece\u4e0d\u523020\u4e2a\u589e\u52a0\u523030-35\u4e2a\uff0c\u5c06\u73b0\u6709\u76847\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u9020\u8239\u5382\u53d1\u5c55\u523010\u300111\u4e2a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5229\u7528\u76ee\u524d\u519b\u65b9\u5bf9\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u65e0\u4eba\u6c34\u9762\u8230\u8247\u7684\u65b0\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5408\u540c\u8f6c\u5411\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u8239\u573a\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u6bd4\u5982\u5bc6\u897f\u897f\u6bd4\u6cb3\u3001\u4fc4\u4ea5\u4fc4\u6cb3\u6216\u4e94\u5927\u6e56\u6cbf\u5cb8\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u65f6\u8bb8\u591a\u57281942\u5e74\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u57281939\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8239\u53ea\u8fdb\u884c\u957f\u8fbe\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u91c7\u8d2d\u624d\u8fdb\u5165\u8230\u961f\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0d\u5229\uff08Alexander Wooley\uff09\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u7684\u4e8c\u6218\u4f20\u5947\u96be\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9020\u8239\u5382\u548c\u5efa\u9020\u5546\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5012\u95ed\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5e76\u5165\u5927\u578b\u519b\u5de5\u96c6\u56e2\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u83b7\u5f97\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u519b\u8230\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u8d44\u91d1\u7f3a\u53e3\u5bfc\u81f4\u9020\u8239\u5382\u89e3\u96c7\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u3001\u4e2d\u575a\u529b\u91cf\u8f6c\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wsw__embed wsw__embed--small\">\n<figure class=\"media-image js-media-expand js-media-expand--ready\">\n<div class=\"img-wrap\">\n<div class=\"thumb\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gdb.voanews.com\/09d40000-0a00-0242-99e2-08da911ff117_w250_r0_s.jpeg\" alt=\"\u957f\u671f\u5173\u6ce8\u6d77\u519b\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u8bb0\u8005\u3001\u5a01\u5ec9\u739b\u4e3d\u5b66\u9662\u5168\u7403\u7814\u7a76\u6240AidData\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad\u603b\u76d1\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u4f0d\u5229\uff08Alexander Wooley\uff09(\u7167\u7247\u6765\u6e90:\u5927\u5b66\u7f51\u7ad9)\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">\u957f\u671f\u5173\u6ce8\u6d77\u519b\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u8bb0\u8005\u3001\u5a01\u5ec9\u739b\u4e3d\u5b66\u9662\u5168\u7403\u7814\u7a76\u6240AidData\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad\u603b\u76d1\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u4f0d\u5229\uff08Alexander Wooley\uff09(\u7167\u7247\u6765\u6e90:\u5927\u5b66\u7f51\u7ad9)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f0d\u5229\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e5f\u672a\u80fd\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e72\u8239\u575e\u5df2\u8fc7\u767e\u5e74\u9ad8\u9f84\u5e76\u4e14\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6d6e\u52a8\u5e72\u8239\u575e\uff08floating drydocks\uff09\uff0c\u201c\u8239\u8236\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u5e74\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7ef4\u4fee\u2014\u2014\u7801\u5934\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7ef4\u4fee\u201d\uff1b\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u62e5\u6709\u66fe\u7ecf\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u519b\u4e8b\u57fa\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\uff08network of overseas bases\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u50a8\u5b58\u5f88\u591a\u672a\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6d6a\u6d8c\u80fd\u529b\uff08surge capacity\uff09\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u6218\u6597\u529b\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u519b\u8230\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f0d\u5229\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u3001\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6709\u673a\u4f53\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u8258\u65b0\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u822a\u7a7a\u6bcd\u8230\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u6765\u81ea45\u4e2a\u5dde\u76842000\u591a\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u519b\u8230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5927\u578b\u548c\u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u590d\u6742\u548c\u6700\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5fae\u82af\u7247\u548c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u65ad\u5c06\u6781\u5927\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u5bfc\u5f39\u3001\u9c7c\u96f7\u548c\u8230\u70ae\u70ae\u5f39\u7684\u5f39\u836f\u5e93\u5b58\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f18\u5148\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u5728\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8239\u53ea\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f88\u5feb\u4ece\u5782\u76f4\u53d1\u5c04\u5355\u5143 (VLS) \u53d1\u5c04\u5927\u91cf\u5bfc\u5f39\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bfc\u5f39\u9700\u8981\u5f97\u5230\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u8239\u53ea\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7a7a\u88ad\u65f6\u5f39\u836f\u8017\u5c3d\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7f8e\u56fd\u201c\u8239\u8236\u6cd5\u6848\u201d\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1981\u5e74\uff0c\u91cc\u6839\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u7528\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u6d88\u9020\u8239\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e9a\u6d32\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u9009\u62e9\u589e\u52a0\u653f\u5e9c\u8865\u8d34\u4ee5\u62a2\u5360\u9020\u8239\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\uff0c\u586b\u8865\u7f8e\u56fd\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u7684\u771f\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wsw__embed wsw__embed--small wsw__embed--pull-right\">\n<figure class=\"media-image js-media-expand js-media-expand--ready\">\n<div class=\"img-wrap\">\n<div class=\"thumb\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/gdb.voanews.com\/00e90000-0aff-0242-7d9e-08da91204d4f_w250_r0_s.jpg\" alt=\"\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u54a8\u8be2\u516c\u53f8FerryBridge Group\u4e3b\u7ba1\u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u9ea6\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff08Bryan McGrath\uff09(\u672c\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b)\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\u7684\u56fd\u9632\u54a8\u8be2\u516c\u53f8FerryBridge Group\u4e3b\u7ba1\u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u9ea6\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff08Bryan McGrath\uff09(\u672c\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u9ea6\u683c\u62c9\u65af\uff08Bryan McGrath\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u53d1\u751f\u5168\u7403\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u91cd\u5efa\u5de5\u4e1a\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u201c\u4e8c\u6218\u5f0f\u7684\u75c9\u631b\u6027\u589e\u957f\uff08spasmodic increase\uff09\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u73b0\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5206\u6790\u9053\uff0c\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9020\u8239\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u840e\u9761\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb50\u5e74\u63a8\u52a8\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u957f\u7684\u4e3b\u56e0\u2014\u2014\u968f\u7740\u5168\u7403\u5316\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\uff08globalization and specialization\uff09\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\uff0c\u5728\u5916\u56fd\u5efa\u9020\u3001\u4fee\u7406\u3001\u914d\u5907\u8239\u5458\u548c\u6302\u65d7\u7684\u8239\u8236\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3001\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5355\u7eaf\u8ffd\u6c42\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u9053\u8def\u540e\u60a3\u65e0\u7a77\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u6218\u7565\u5bb6\u9a6c\u6c49\uff08Alfred Thayer Mahan\uff09\u6240\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u6d77\u4e0a\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0e\u6d77\u519b\u9020\u8239\u80fd\u529b\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9ea6\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u6295\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u8d22\u653f\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u8865\u8d34\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u548c\u6536\u8d2d\uff1b\u5f00\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c\u57f9\u8bad\u4ee5\u6fc0\u52b1\u9020\u8239\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\uff1b\u4f5c\u51fa\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u4ee3\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u627f\u8bfa\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c20\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9700\u6c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u8feb\u5207\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e00\u76f4\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u914d\u7f6e\uff08efficient allocation\uff09\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u6d77\u519b\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u6d77\u4e0a\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u2026\u2026\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\uff08protect\uff09\u6c11\u4e3b\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5(practice)\u5b83\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ea8\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u65af\u4e5f\u5728\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u547c\u5401\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u66fc\uff08Milton Friedman\uff09\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\uff08Dwight Eisenhower\uff09\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8865\u8d34\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u653f\u7b56\u5fc5\u987b\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9020\u8239\u4e1a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u8239\u8236\u6cd5\u6848\u201d\u5c06\u5f15\u5bfc\u653f\u5e9c\u8d44\u91d1\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u9020\u8239\u5382\u8fdb\u884c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5bfc\u5efa\u8bbe\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9020\u8239\u548c\u4fee\u8239\u5382\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u97e7\u6027\u548c\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u5e94\u8be5\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u548c\u5317\u6781\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5927\u6cb3\u6d41\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08great river system\uff09\u548c\u4e94\u5927\u6e56\u533a\u57df(Great 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