设立国家安全委员会的决定成为11月14日德语媒体对中共十八届三中全会的报道及评论的重点之一。

China's President Xi Jinping takes down his umbrella next to Premier Li Keqiang (R) before they and other Chinese Communist Party top leaders stand in silent tribute as it rains during a tribute ceremony at the Monument to the People's Heroes, on the 64th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, in Beijing October 1, 2013. China celebrates its National Day on Tuesday. REUTERS/Jason Lee (CHINA - Tags: POLITICS ANNIVERSARY)

“与前任相比,习是一个更聪敏的权力政治家”

(德国之声中文网)根据十八届三中全会公报,中国最高领导层决定设立中央深化改革领导小组和国家安全委员会。德语媒体认为,这是集党的总书记、国家主席和军委主席职位于一身的习近平巩固自身权力的又一步骤。

《南德意志报》在一篇社评中指出,此届三中全会就其成果而言令许多人失望,但设立国安委计划得到通过,该算是新领导层的一大成功:

The Great Hall of the People, where the Chinese Communist Party plenum is being held, is seen behinds red flags in Tiananmen square in Beijing November 12, 2013. China's leaders will unveil a reform agenda for the next decade on Tuesday, seeking to balance the need to overhaul the world's second-largest economy as it loses steam with preserving stability and to reinforce the Communist Party's power. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon (CHINA - Tags: POLITICS)周二公报的关键一句话是,‘最重要的是坚持党的领导’

“习上台的一大目标是要重建信任。他必须交货。可是,他想要什么?他能干什么?全会至少提供了一个回答:与前任相比,习是一个更聪敏的权力政治家。他比人们预期更快地巩固了自己的地位。新设的机构将助他一臂之力。作为党首,他很可能会直接监管这两个机构。国安委将集中管理军队、情报部门和警方这三条线;(深化改革)领导小组主管经济改革,在理想的情况下,该小组将绕开现有的僵化官僚系统。

“问题是,习如何使用权力?迄今,人们得到这样的的印象:北京更关心的是作为目的本身的保权。对习本人来说是这样,对中共而言更其如此。周二公报的关键一句话是,‘最重要的是坚持党的领导’。相关的意识形态变得无足轻重,这毫无关系。但如果失去了相关的内涵,中国的愿景成了模糊的、不惜以民族主义口号填充的‘中国梦’,权力便只会为掌权者而非为国家服务。”

People watch as police officers check visitors in front of the Great Hall of the People during a gathering of the 205-member Central Committee's third annual plenum in Beijing, China Saturday, Nov. 9, 2013. Reform advocates are looking to China's leaders to launch a new era of change by giving entrepreneurs a bigger role in the state-dominated economy and farmers more control over land at a policymaking conference that opened Saturday. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)在围绕南中国海的冲突中,或在同日本的岛屿争议中,出现政出多门、不协调行动的现象

掌控外交

《新苏黎世报》“国际”栏目上的一篇文章认为,设立旨在“完善国家安全体制和安全战略,确保国家安全”的国安委显示出习近平掌控外交政策的决心:

“习能达到(设国安委)这一目标,在某些观察家看来,这是他权力地位更为巩固的一个明证。按照这一解释,习可以假手这一党内施压手段对付那些抵抗他的反腐和意识形态运动的人。……在国内安全责权从迄今的最高权力机构—政治局常委会抽走、下放后,习可能将相关力量集中起来由自己掌控。

“在外交政治领域,这一点也同他数月来的一些出击动作相符合。主管外交政策的国务委员杨洁篪在今夏所作的一次基本原则讲话中强调了改善外交政策协调的必要性。过去,在围绕南中国海的冲突中,或在同日本的岛屿争议中,各部门和机构间出现政出多门、不协调行动的现象。国家安全委员会虽不能完全消除这一现象,但可致力于制定更协调的战略。

TO GO WITH AFP STORY 'PHILIPPINES-CHINA-US-MARITIME-MILITARY-DIPLOMACY-FISHING-FOCUS' by Mynardo Macaraig Fishing boats (2nd L, and at left) also locally known as 'mother boats' which are used to transport fish caught around Scarborough shoal, are anchored off Santa Cruz bay, Zambales province, north of Manila, facing south China sea (back) on May 10, 2012, after arriving a day before from the shoal. For years Filipino and Chinese fishermen peacefully shared the rich harvests around a tiny South China Sea shoal, but today threats, harassment and fear have replaced ocean comradery. AFP PHOTO/TED ALJIBE (Photo credit should read TED ALJIBE/AFP/GettyImages) 中菲南海之争不断

“习近平之如何重视加强外交工作,可以从10月底集中了所有重要外交干部的一次会议上看出。这样的外事会议为2006年以来所仅见。……旨在增强中国在亚洲角色的外交攻势可能是国安委的中心任务之一。习的顾问和前国际关系专业教授、政治局委员王沪宁便是担任国安委秘书的合格官员。”